CN101973725A - Stainless steel/carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone composite friction material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Stainless steel/carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone composite friction material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stainless steel/carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone composite friction material which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of polyether-ether-ketone, 3-15 parts of stainless steel fiber, 5-15 parts of carbon fiber, 5-15 parts of cashew nut shell powder, 7-15 parts of blanc fixe, 2-10 parts of ferrochrome mineral powder, 5-15 parts of graphite and antimony sulfide, 4-10 parts of aluminum powder, 5-15 parts of kaolin and fluorite, and 1-5 parts of light calcium carbonate. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the material, which comprises the following steps of: (1) drying the raw materials for 1-2h at 80-100 DEG C, putting the carbon fibers, stainless steel fibers and fillers into a stirrer and stirring, and then adding a polyether-ether-ketone matrix and stirring; (2) hot pressing at 300-380 DEG C under the pressure of 20-30MPa, demoulding and cooling to room temperature; and (3) heating in a gradient way and curing. The composite friction material has stable friction coefficient and strong bearing capacity and can be used for manufacturing brake and clutch devices.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite friction material, especially a kind of stainless steel/carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone composite friction material and preparation method thereof is applied to make the friction means of various high-speed overloads, as automobile clutch and stopper etc.
Background technology
Friction materials is the critical material of transport facility and power machine friction brake and clutch coupling, as brake facing and clutch disc etc., therefore, friction materials must have sufficiently high physical strength and excellent friction and wear behavior, to guarantee the reliability and the weather resistance of friction pair work.Three phases has been experienced in the evolution of friction materials: natural materials stage, synthetic materials stage and the compound operational phase of multiple material.Can be divided into two kinds of dry type and wet types by working conditions.The dry type friction materials mainly adopts no asbestos organic friction material and sintered friction material; Wet-type friction material mainly adopts paper friction material, graphite-based friction materials and sintered friction material.Divide from structure, composition and the historical development angle of material, the friction materials that uses can be divided at present: asbestos organic friction material, carbon fiber friction material, semimetal friction material, powder metallurgy metallic friction material etc.
Because starting material source, structure, the performance of asbestos all can be than the requirements of more comprehensively satisfying friction materials with price, make it in friction materials, to have obtained widespread use, the strongthener that since 1890, always has been used as friction materials, from twentieth century seventies, with asbestos and resol is the asbestos friction material that main raw material is made, and is better performances, turnout maximum, most widely used friction materials.The brake system of car of this moment also mostly is the drum brake mode, adopts asbestos friction material more.
Along with the raising of the develop rapidly of modern material and manufacturing technology and social enviroment protection consciousness, the speed of transport facility and power machine, load are more and more higher, and the operational conditions of friction materials is more and more harsher, makes the brake surfaces temperature reach 300～500 ℃.Once obtained the asbestos friction material thermal conductivity and the poor heat resistance of widespread use, will lose crystal water about 400 ℃, crystal water completely loses in the time of 550 ℃, loses reinforced effects.Can cause frictional property instability, rotten, the wearing and tearing aggravation of working lining after the asbestos dehydration, tangible heat fading phenomenon occur, can not satisfy the need of work of high-speed overload.Be to guarantee the reliability of breaking system and friction driven system, the over-all properties of friction materials has been proposed more and more higher requirement: enough and stable frictional coefficient, the difference of dynamic and static frictional coefficient is little; Good thermal conductivity, bigger thermal capacity and certain high temperature physical strength; Good wear resistance and block resistance are difficult for the scratch mating plate, noiseless; Low cost, environmentally safe etc.Therefore, be badly in need of exploitation and have high heat resistance, suitable and stable frictional coefficient, high wear resistance, free of contamination friction materials.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of stable friction factor, wear rate is low, supporting capacity is strong stainless steel/carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone composite friction material;
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned composite friction material for this reason.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that product of the present invention is taked is: a kind of stainless steel/carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone composite friction material, and described composite friction material is made by following materials based on weight:
Matrix caking agent: 15～25 parts of polyether-ether-ketones (PEEK);
Fortifying fibre: 3～15 parts of Stainless Steel Fibres, 5～15 parts on carbon fiber;
Filler: 5～15 parts in cashew nut shell powder, 7～15 parts of ground barium sulfates, 2～10 parts of chromite powders, graphite and antimony sulfide are 5～15 parts, 4～10 parts of aluminium powders, 5～15 parts in kaolin and fluorite, 1～5 part of fine particle calcium carbonate.
Wherein in the middle of the above-mentioned materials, increasing the mill filler is ground barium sulfate, chromite powder, kaolin, fluorite; The anti-attrition filler is a graphite, antimony sulfide; Frictional property regulator is a cashew nut shell powder (organic filler), fine particle calcium carbonate, aluminium powder.
In the above-mentioned raw materials, control graphite and antimony sulfide total amount are 5～15 parts and get final product that control kaolin and fluorite total amount are 5～15 parts and get final product that because of graphite is identical with the antimony sulfide role, kaolin is also identical with the fluorite role.
The step that preparation method of the present invention taked is:
1) with each raw material under 80～100 ℃ of temperature dry 1～2 hour, earlier carbon fiber, Stainless Steel Fibre and various filler are put into the stirrer high-speed stirring and mixed 1～10min, add the polyether-ether-ketone matrix again stirring at low speed batch mixing 0.5～2 hour;
2) 300～380 ℃ of hot pressing, pressure 20～30 MPa, the dwell time is determined 3～6.5 min/mm by sample thickness, when treating to be cooled to below 100 ℃ with mould, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature;
3) solidification treatment: adopt the ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 80 ℃ of insulation 30 min, 150 ℃ of insulation 30 min, 220～250 ℃ of insulation 0.5～1h, 280～340 ℃ of insulation 10～20 h.
The principle of the invention: the prescription of this composite friction material is determining final performance, therefore the present invention starts with from material prescription, adopt the homogeneous design method, by adjusting moulding process, in conjunction with frictional wear and measuring mechanical property and Analysis on Mechanism, development has stable friction factor, wear rate is low, supporting capacity is strong novel high-strength composite friction material.
Resin matrix plays binding agent in friction materials, the wear resistance of resin matrix is determining the wear-resisting situation of whole system.The present invention selects the high heat resistance resin for use, is matrix binder with thermotolerance superpolymer polyether-ether-ketone (being PEEK).If its content is low excessively, can not form a complete matrix, can't guarantee the combination between component; Content is too many, can emit gas in compacting and solidification process, causes foaming, expansion, problems of crack.
Fortifying fibre plays the enhancing skeleton function among the present invention, is determining the intensity index of material.It is fortifying fibre that the present invention selects Stainless Steel Fibre and carbon fiber for use.Stainless Steel Fibre intensity and thermal conductivity height, the thermal conductivity of raising friction materials integral body makes not form too high thermograde on the frictional interface, overcomes the shortcoming that general carbon steel fiber easily gets rusty; Carbon fiber has high intensity and modulus, has good thermotolerance, can form stable interfacial film, can stablize frictional coefficient.These 2 kinds of fibers are pollution-free, can natural degradation.Fortifying fibre mixes back knot in friction materials and is made into nettedly, if fibre content is very few, does not have enhancement; When steel fiber content is too much, increases such as friction materials density, hardness and thermal conductivity, impelling strength reduces, to the damage increase of antithesis dish.
The main effect of filler is a friction and wear behavior of regulating material, obtains desired frictional coefficient and wear rate.Ground barium sulfate can make stable friction factor, wears away for a short time, and especially at high temperature, it can form stable frictional interface layer, can prevent the mating material galled spots, makes the brighter and cleaner of antithesis surface mill; Kaolin can improve the processing performance of friction materials, reduces the shrinking percentage of goods; Fluorite has good low temperature and high temperature increases the effect of rubbing; Chromite powder has good low-temperature and high temperature increases the effect of rubbing.Graphite plays antifriction and lubrication, and the heat fading of the material of reducing friction improves friction stability, prevents that the surface metal of friction materials antithesis from shifting.Antimony sulfide belongs to the lower soft metal sulfide of fusing point, can reduce the organic adhesive consumption, the heat fading of the coefficient of reducing friction, the high temperature wear of reduction goods.In addition, graphite and antimony sulfide be positively charged in the high speed batch mixing, and the electronegativity of can neutralize other fibers and filler helps being uniformly dispersed.
Aluminium powder all has certain antifriction function at low temperature and high temperature, improves heat conductivity, reduces the temperature of friction surface.Cashew nut shell powder in the forming and hardening process with resin generation crosslinking reaction, can improve the snappiness of material, when high temperature, can form softish toughness carbonized film on the surface, stablize frictional behaviour.In addition, the surfactivity height of fine particle calcium carbonate, better with the organic matrix consistency, can improve the over-all properties of material.
Abrasion mechanism analysis revealed: under the acting in conjunction that increases the filler barite (BaSO4) that rubs, antifriction filler antimony sulfide (Sb2S3) and chromite powder (FeCr2O4), steel fiber and graphitic cast iron antithesis dish etc., through complicated mechanical-heat-chemical action, formed the sulfide of barium and iron at friction surface.Even, fine and close, the continuous and stable surface film that form on the surface help stablizing frictional coefficient, reduce wearing and tearing.
Therefore, composite friction material of the present invention is selected the high resin matrix of thermotolerance for use, cooperates the acting in conjunction of fortifying fibre and various fillers, obtains high and stable frictional coefficient, good wear resistance and mechanical property.Simultaneously, should reduce the consumption of metal components such as iron powder, steel fiber as far as possible, overcome the density of material that more metal component causes big, to shortcomings such as the antithesis aggressiveness greatly, easily get rusty.
Adopt the beneficial effect that technique scheme produced to be: composite friction material of the present invention is by the optimized choice and the proportioning of differing materials, thereby stable friction factor, wear rate is low, supporting capacity is strong characteristics have been reached, it can be applicable to make the friction means of multiple high-speed overload, have generally that stable friction factor, heat fading are little, restorative good, the advantage such as wear rate is low of heat, and it has excellent friction and wear behavior and good bending strength and impelling strength; Moulding process of the present invention has carried out optimization design to various processing parameters, has reached good effect.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
1) chooses the weight part of each component by table 1.
Table 1 friction material formulation
2) with each raw material under 80～100 ℃ of temperature dry 1 hour, earlier carbon fiber, Stainless Steel Fibre and various filler are put into the stirrer high-speed stirring and mixed 1min, add the polyether-ether-ketone matrix again stirring at low speed batch mixing 0.5 hour.
3) hot pressing temperature is 320 ℃, and pressure 22 MPa, sample thickness are 5～7 ㎜, and the dwell time is defined as 30 min by sample thickness, and when being cooled to below 100 ℃ with mould, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature.
4) solidification treatment adopts the ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 80 ℃ of insulation 30 min, 150 ℃ of insulation 30 min, 240 ℃ of insulation 0.5h, 310 ℃ of insulation 12h.
5) the friction and wear behavior test of preparation sample is carried out on D-MS constant speed formula frictional testing machines with reference to the GB5763-98 standard.Sample is got two from same goods, be of a size of 25mm * 25mm * 5～7mm(thickness), the antithesis dish is graphitic cast iron HT250.Positive pressure is 0.98MPa.The friction disc invariablenes turning speed is at 400～500 r/min.Respectively when 150 ℃, 200 ℃, 250 ℃, 300 ℃ and 350 ℃, measure disk and rotate the frictional force between 5000 refundings and the thickness of test piece.Test-results is referring to table 2.Stable friction factor is 0.39～0.48 in the time of 100～350 ℃ for material, and it is restorative to have good heat.The wear rate of material is 0.310 * 10-7 cm3 (Nm)-1 in the time of 350 ℃.Density 2.0～2.2g/cm3, hardness 90～110HRR, ultimate compression strength 75Mpa, impelling strength 〉=0.3J/cm2.
Frictional coefficient and the wear rate of table 2 sample under differing temps
Embodiment 2:
1) chooses the weight part of each component by table 3.
Table 3 friction material formulation
2) with each raw material under 80 ℃ of temperature dry 1 hour, earlier carbon fiber, Stainless Steel Fibre and various filler are put into the stirrer high-speed stirring and mixed 2min, add the polyether-ether-ketone matrix again stirring at low speed batch mixing 1.5 hours;
3) hot pressing temperature is 330 ℃, and pressure 25 MPa, sample thickness are 5～7 ㎜, and the dwell time is defined as 29 min by sample thickness, and when being cooled to below 100 ℃ with mould, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature;
4) solidification treatment adopts the ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 80 ℃ of insulation 30 min, 150 ℃ of insulation 30 min, 240 ℃ of insulation 0.5h, 320 ℃ of insulation 12h.
5) the friction and wear behavior test of preparation sample is carried out on D-MS constant speed formula frictional testing machines with reference to the GB5763-98 standard.Sample is got two from same goods, be of a size of 25mm * 25mm * 5～7mm(thickness), the antithesis dish is graphitic cast iron HT250.Positive pressure is 0.98MPa.The friction disc invariablenes turning speed is at 400～500 r/min.Respectively when 150 ℃, 200 ℃, 250 ℃, 300 ℃ and 350 ℃, measure disk and rotate the frictional force between 5000 refundings and the thickness of test piece.Test-results is referring to table 4.Density 2.23g/cm3, hardness 90～110HRR, ultimate compression strength 70Mpa, impelling strength 〉=0.3J/cm2.
Frictional coefficient and the wear rate of table 4 sample under differing temps
Embodiment 3:
1) chooses the weight part of each component by table 5.
Table 5 friction material formulation
2) with each raw material under 80～100 ℃ of temperature dry 1 hour, earlier carbon fiber, Stainless Steel Fibre and various filler are put into the stirrer high-speed stirring and mix 2 min, add the polyether-ether-ketone matrix again stirring at low speed batch mixing 2 hours;
3) hot pressing temperature is 340 ℃, and pressure 30 MPa, sample thickness are 5～7 ㎜, and the dwell time is defined as 32 min by sample thickness.When being cooled to below 100 ℃ with mould, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature.
4) solidification treatment adopts the ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 80 ℃ of insulation 30 min, 150 ℃ of insulation 30 min, 240 ℃ of insulation 0.5h, 330 ℃ of insulation 15h.
5) the friction and wear behavior test of preparation sample is carried out on D-MS constant speed formula frictional testing machines with reference to the GB5763-98 standard.Sample is got two from same goods, be of a size of 25mm * 25mm * 5～7mm(thickness), the antithesis dish is graphitic cast iron HT250.Positive pressure is 0.98MPa.The friction disc invariablenes turning speed is at 400～500 r/min.Respectively when 150 ℃, 200 ℃, 250 ℃, 300 ℃ and 350 ℃, measure disk and rotate the frictional force between 5000 refundings and the thickness of test piece.Test-results is referring to table 6.Density 2.42g/cm3, hardness 90～110HRR, ultimate compression strength 77Mpa, impelling strength 〉=0.3J/cm2.
[0031] frictional coefficient and the wear rate of table 6 sample under differing temps
Composite friction material of the present invention is applied to all kinds of brakes and arrangement of clutch as friction resistance material.
Claims (2)
1. stainless steel/carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone composite friction material, it is characterized in that: described composite friction material is made by following materials based on weight:
Matrix caking agent: 15～25 parts of polyether-ether-ketones;
Fortifying fibre: 3～15 parts of Stainless Steel Fibres, 5～15 parts on carbon fiber;
Filler: 5～15 parts in cashew nut shell powder, 7～15 parts of ground barium sulfates, 2～10 parts of chromite powders, graphite and antimony sulfide are 5～15 parts, 4～10 parts of aluminium powders, 5～15 parts in kaolin and fluorite, 1～5 part of fine particle calcium carbonate.
2. the preparation method of the described stainless steel of claim 1/carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone composite friction material, it is characterized in that: described preparation method's step is:
1) with each raw material under 80～100 ℃ of temperature dry 1～2 hour, earlier carbon fiber, Stainless Steel Fibre and various filler are put into the stirrer high-speed stirring and mixed 1～10min, add the polyether-ether-ketone matrix again stirring at low speed batch mixing 0.5～2 hour;
2) 300～380 ℃ of hot pressing, pressure 20～30 MPa, the dwell time is determined 3～6.5 min/mm by sample thickness, when treating to be cooled to below 100 ℃ with mould, the demoulding is cooled to room temperature;
3) solidification treatment: adopt the ladder-elevating temperature curing process, 80 ℃ of insulation 30 min, 150 ℃ of insulation 30 min, 220～250 ℃ of insulation 0.5～1h, 280～340 ℃ of insulation 10～20 h.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108916279A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2018-11-30 | 重庆交通大学 | A kind of low resin-matrix friction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109372905A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-02-22 | 宜宾天原集团股份有限公司 | A kind of full face rock tunnel boring machine driving clutch friction plate and preparation method thereof |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 《机械工程材料》 20070228 刘爱萍等 "不锈钢/碳纤维混杂增强聚醚醚酮基摩擦材料的制备与性能" 36－39 1－2 第31卷, 第2期 2 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108916279A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2018-11-30 | 重庆交通大学 | A kind of low resin-matrix friction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109372905A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-02-22 | 宜宾天原集团股份有限公司 | A kind of full face rock tunnel boring machine driving clutch friction plate and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20110216 |