CN101962976B - Retractable gymnasium roof with ultra large curved space and control method thereof - Google Patents
Retractable gymnasium roof with ultra large curved space and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101962976B CN101962976B CN2010102902774A CN201010290277A CN101962976B CN 101962976 B CN101962976 B CN 101962976B CN 2010102902774 A CN2010102902774 A CN 2010102902774A CN 201010290277 A CN201010290277 A CN 201010290277A CN 101962976 B CN101962976 B CN 101962976B
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Abstract
The invention mainly discloses a retractable gymnasium roof with an ultra large curved space and a control method thereof. A large multi-point hydraulically-actuated hoister is used for pulling the movable roof to realize the retraction and the extension of the roof, the movable roof is supported and driven to move by trolleys mounted on a main arch track of the gymnasium, the hoister pulls the movable roof under the control of a central control system to enable the roof to move along the main arch track so as to complete the inward retraction or the outward extension of the roof, and the position and the height of each support trolley is adjusted according to the relative design height and the lateral deviation extent of the gymnasium arch in the moving process of each trolley so as to ensure the smooth slippage of the roof and the integral structural safety of the gymnasium. By establishing a secure foundation based on a mechanical model and realizing technical breakthrough in multiple aspects of construction, structure, machinery and control, the invention ensures the safe, smooth and long-time movement of the movable gymnasium roof.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sports palace building structure and machinery control, but sports palace curved surface space ultra-large type open and close type roof system particularly, but and control method that should open and close type roof system.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the enhancing of country economic strength, citizen are to the raising of sports sense of participation, and can open and close becoming better and approaching perfection day by day of roof system technology, build to have the large-scale sport building that can open and close roof system and more and more become a kind of necessity and fashion.
Compare with conventional stadiums; Can open and close roof system and build the advantage that mainly contains two aspects: 1. involution is natural; Create neither to receive natural adverse effect, can keep natural style again, let sunlight be filled with the place and return the movement environment that nature is held in the arms with grandstand, people.2. opening and closing the roof system building can guarantee to be able to hold as scheduled such as large-scale physical culture, recreations such as Olympics and World Cups on-mode, matches.
Can open and close roof system building and be different from other building systems, its key problem be mobile roof can be safely, steadily, operation enduringly, to guarantee the realization of corresponding building function.Because can open and close roof system building and be the integrated of structural system and Machinery Control System in the construction project; Built in the world and opened and closed in the roof system building; Be no lack of because both rapports are not handled well, to such an extent as to and cause operation difficulty, poor durability to open and close the situation of afunction.
Therefore the present invention is exactly coordination and the cooperation of handling well between these two systems, carries out the breakthrough of technology from a plurality of aspects such as building, structure, machinery, controls, and this case produces thus.
Summary of the invention
But the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sports palace curved surface space ultra-large type open and close type roof system and control method thereof, set up firm foundation with mechanical model, movable roof is positioned on the adaptive fixedly roof system of rigidity and draws, mobile security, steady, lasting.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme of the present invention's employing is following:
But curved surface space, a kind of sports palace ultra-large type open and close type roof system comprises some main arch, some subarch, a pair of askew arch, some chassis, roof system; Main arch is to be parallel to each other and across the arc in sports palace arch, a pair of askew arch is a symmetrical structure arc arch, across crossing all main arch, forms node with main arch; Between per two adjacent main arch, be provided with subarch, subarch is the arc arch of dispersing with askew arch formation node and outside both sides, and main arch, subarch and askew arch are born gravity load jointly, set up the track that supplies the chassis operation on the main arch; Roof system is the spherical crown shape, comprises fixedly roof system and movable roof, and movable roof is the top of spherical crown, is two with spherical crown medium line symmetry, and plane projection is that the smaller part of two symmetries is circular; The arc limit is provided with a plurality of towing points under the described every movable roof, and each towing point receives a cover multi-dot hydraulic pressure elevator drive systems; The upper end of chassis is connected in movable roof, and the chassis lower end is positioned on the track of main arch, when multi-dot hydraulic pressure elevator drive system traction movable roof, drives the movable roof walking.
Described multi-dot hydraulic pressure elevator drive system comprises hoist engine and wire rope, and wire rope is fixed on the towing point, walks around the pulley on the fixing roof system; Be furnished with a plurality of chassis on each track, chassis has liquid braking device, below each track, has the following block of restrict trolley to down stroke.
Described main arch, subarch and askew arch are triangle round steel pipe truss, and the three strings bar of triangle round steel pipe truss all rigidly connects on the ground foundation ring beam.
Described movable roof is the single-layer lattice shell structure, and after two movable roof closures is pipe to edge fit, and the upper end of chassis is connected in the net shell node of movable roof.
Described two movable roof joint locking modes are inserted sheet and latch mode locking, and two movable roofs have the inserted sheet of band pin hole separately, and latch inserts the jack that inserted sheet is aimed at.
But the control method of curved surface space, a kind of sports palace ultra-large type open and close type roof system comprises the steps,
1, central control system is set, at the position sensor of main arch and movable roof installation and measuring movable roof position signalling, the pressure sensor of installation and measuring steel wire rope tension on the hoist engine wire rope;
2, wherein opening process may further comprise the steps:
1. remove the locking stage, unclamp the latch of movable roof, central control system control hoist engine tensioning wire rope edge fit; The wire rope pressure sensor detects tension signal, and when tension force caused movable roof not move down, the chassis liquid braking device unclamped; The position sensor of main arch and movable roof detects latch and movable roof is gapped, then extracts latch fully, and two movable roofs separate; Central control system reduces steel wire rope tension gradually, and movable roof is moved down;
2. open stage; In the movable roof folding process, central control system control hoist engine continues to reduce steel wire rope tension, and movable roof moves down under action of gravity; And formation acceleration; When movable roof reaches when normally moving down speed, hoist engine produces braking, keeps the speed that moves down of movable roof even;
3. the stop phase that slows down, when movable roof soon arrived the fully open position, central control system began to strengthen hoist engine tractive force; The tensioning wire rope slows down movable roof, when detecting chassis and be close to down block, and central control system control liquid braking device generation brake force; Make that movable roof stops to move, keep the tension force of hoist engine wire rope simultaneously, control the braking of hoist engine brake then; Stop motor rotation, open and accomplish.
3, closing closed procedure is the anti-process of opening process, comprises the steps:
1. the startup stage, central control system is at first controlled hoist engine and is produced tension force, unclamps the liquid braking device on the guide rail then, continues the control electric winch and increases tractive force, moves on the pulling movable roof;
2. dwell period moves past on the movable roof in the journey, forms acceleration, and when the speed of moving reached normal speed on the movable roof, control hoist engine tension force kept movable roof to move at the uniform velocity;
3. stop the locking stage, when movable roof was about to reach fastening position, control system control hoist engine reduced tractive force; Movable roof is slowed down, when detect can locking position signalling, Yi Bian reduce hoist engine tractive force; Start on one side the latch motor, with latch fastening fully with jack in; Detect two distances between the movable roof less than setting value, then control the liquid braking device braking, movable roof is static, and wire rope is lax, and completion is closed in the hoist engine braking.
In the described opening and closing process, be furnished with damping oil cylinder, be furnished with main top oil cylinder at the chassis top at the chassis wheel of chassis; The pressure sensor that is used to detect horizontal and vertical pressure is installed respectively; Central control system calculates the load of chassis to according to pressure sensor data, real-time judge chassis running status; And, guarantee that the smooth and easy of movable roof moves according to the mobile scheme of state adjustment.
In the described opening and closing process; The position sensor of installation and measuring chassis vertical and horizontal offset on all chassis master top oil cylinders and damping oil cylinder; Central control system real-time inspection each chassis attitude and action; Perhaps make same direction lateral shift in succession simultaneously when counting on the chassis that surpasses some on any a slice movable roof, judge movable roof whole the sideslip taken place, the roof system of stopping action this moment is walked; With manually perhaps automated manner correction chassis skew, continue the movable roof walking then.
After adopting such scheme; But break breakthrough technology success for domestic for technical formation the in open and close type roof, sports palace among the present invention; Give in the association area important experiences reference is provided, solve the technical barrier of puzzlement always, really realize movable roof mobile security, steady, lasting.
Rely among the present invention that the ring beam basis-fixedly roof system-chassis-movable roof is the complication system mechanical model of one, the accurate scope and the ultra-large type space structures of a malformation is provided, the stadiums basis is firm, durable, and the life-span is long.
Among the present invention movable roof and fixedly the roof system relative deformation have height adaptive property; Simultaneously chassis can be accepted feedback-control instruction to the guarantee of mediating of actual posture (displacement) and state (load); Whole system has feedback-adjustment-equipment self-shield etc., satisfies the structural safety demand.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the A of preferred embodiment of the present invention is to sketch map;
Fig. 3 is the chassis structural representation of preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that the chassis of preferred embodiment of the present invention is positioned at the fixedly structural representation of roof system;
Fig. 5 is a movable roof joint fixed form structural representation in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a movable roof half-open position sketch map in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a movable roof full-gear sketch map in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
In conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present invention is explained further details.
Structural system in the preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises three parts, steel roof system, truss principal, reinforced concrete foundation ring beam.
Steel roof system geometry is a spherical crown, is divided into fixedly roof system 1 and movable roof 2.Wherein, fixedly roof system 1 upper surface member axis is positioned on the sphere of radius 204m, and the spherical crown height is 54m.The member axis of movable roof 2 is positioned on the concentric spherical of radius 206.8m.
Fixedly roof system 1 is an arch single-layer lattice shell system, and its truss principal is the triangular truss arch, comprises the askew arch 5 in 6 road East and West direction main arch 3, the subarch between two main arch 4 and north-south.The arch springing of all arches drops on the reinforced concrete foundation ring beam 10 of outer ring, sports palace.Be the three-dimensional single-layer lattice shell beyond the opening of roof system 1 fixedly.Fixedly roof system 1 is uploaded two movable roofs 2, can move along east-west direction.The single-layer lattice shell structure that movable roof 1 adopts peripheral round steel pipe to strengthen.
Subarch 4 is born gravity load together with main arch 3, in the middle of per two main arch 3, sets up a subarch 4.Subarch 4 also adopts the identical triangle round steel pipe truss of main arch 3, is supporting-point with askew arch 5, and arch springing falls within on the basic ring beam 10.
Askew arch 5 is adjusted each main arch 3 internal force and is distributed as the upper support of subarch 4, simultaneously as main arch 3 lateral support, improves whole structural stability.Adopt triangle round steel pipe truss, arch springing rigidly connects.
Every movable roof 2 is bearing in by 22 chassis 6 on the main arch of fixing roof system and walks.As shown in Figure 3; Chassis 6 comprises chassis wheel 61, directive wheel 62, damping oil cylinder 63; Chassis 6 upper ends are connected on the net shell node of movable roof 2 through the output flange of main top oil cylinder 64; Chassis wheel 61 is fixedly moving on roof system 1 track, and directive wheel 62 is bearing on the rail beam of fixing roof system 1 main arch, for chassis 6 leads.Damping oil cylinder 63 connects two chassis wheels 61, controls the horizontal operation of two chassis wheels.Has liquid braking device 65 on the chassis wheel 61.
As shown in Figure 4,22 chassis 6 go on 6 main arch tracks of fixing roof system 1, wherein A, each 2 chassis 6 of F arch, and B, each 4 chassis of E arch, C, D arch 5 chassis 6, the below of each rail beam has the following block 7 of restraint roof system 2 minimum strokes.B, E, C, D arch respectively are furnished with a cover multi-dot hydraulic pressure elevator drive system and realize the traction to movable roof 2.Multi-dot hydraulic pressure elevator drive system is positioned at the basement of each arch springing, mainly comprises hoist engine 91, hydraulic power unit (not shown), wire rope 93, last angle pulley 92, multiple spot guiding support roller 94 etc.On the following arc limit of movable roof 2, corresponding B, E, C, D arch place are provided with 4 towing points, and wire rope 93 is walked around the last angle pulley 92 that is installed on the fixing roof system 1, and then by the distracted position of multiple spot guiding support roller 94 guiding steel wires rope 93.
Is to fix with the mode of latch at two movable roofs 2 to edge fit.Referring to two movable roofs 2 of Fig. 5 to all being with the collar 81 on the edge fit pipe; The collar 81 is fixed with inserted sheet substrate 82; Inserted sheet substrate 82 equal intervals on one side are laid with three inserted sheets 83 therein; One side the jack 84 that has alignment on the inserted sheet 83 is the latch 85 that can insert on the jack 84 also having of inserted sheet 83.The inserted sheet 83 that on the inserted sheet substrate 82 of another side, also has band jack 84, after the butt joint, the jack 84 on two movable roofs 2 all align, after latch 85 inserts then, the realization locking.Wherein the action of latch 85 is to realize through motor-driven.
The present invention realizes that the control mode that move of movable roof 2 on fixing roof system 1 is, sets up central control system, cooperates various kinds of sensors, carries out the automatic control that movable roof 2 opens and closes.
At first; 4 position sensors are installed on each movable roof, 2 position sensors respectively are installed on B, C, D, E arch, eight altogether; Position sensor on position sensor on the movable roof 2 and B, C, D, the E arch cooperates, detected activity roof system 2 position signallings.The pressure sensor of installation and measuring steel wire rope tension on the hoist engine wire rope then, the pressure sensor of the horizontal and vertical pressure of installation and measuring on the chassis damping oil cylinder, and the position sensor of the horizontal and vertical offset of installation and measuring chassis.
In conjunction with Fig. 6 Fig. 7, movable roof 2 control of turning may further comprise the steps:
1, remove the locking stage, central control system is controlled the latch motor action, unclamps the latch 85 of 2 pairs of edge fits of movable roof; Central control system control hoist engine is the tensioning wire rope slowly, and the tension force of wire rope is detected by the pressure sensor on it in real time, reaches certain value when detecting tension force; Make when movable roof 2 can not move down that central control system control liquid braking device 65 unclamps, it is gapped with movable roof 2 that the position sensor of main arch 3 and movable roof 2 detects latch 85; Then control the latch motor and extract latch 85 fully; Two movable roofs 2 thoroughly separate, and central control system reduces steel wire rope tension gradually, and movable roof 2 is slowly moved down.
2, open stage; In movable roof 2 folding processes, central control system control hoist engine continues to reduce steel wire rope tension, and movable roof 2 slowly moves down under action of gravity automatically; And formation acceleration; When movable roof 2 reaches when normally moving down speed, central control system is just controlled hoist engine and is produced braking, makes the maintenance of movable roof evenly move down.
3, deceleration stop phase, when movable roof 2 soon arrived the fully open position, central control system just began to strengthen hoist engine tractive force; The tensioning wire rope reduces movable roof 2 speed gradually, when the sensor on 2 times arc limits of movable roof detects that the chassis 6 of below is close to down block, and central control system control liquid braking device 65 generation brake force; Make movable roof 2 stop to move; The tension force that keeps the hoist engine wire rope simultaneously, the braking of central control system control hoist engine brake stops motor rotation then; Open and accomplish, wire rope can relax this moment.
1, the startup stage, central control system is at first controlled hoist engine and is produced tension force, unclamps the liquid braking device on the guide rail then, continues the control hoist engine and increases tractive force, and pulling movable roof 2 moves on slowly.
2, dwell period; Move past in the journey on the movable roof 2; Hoist engine increases tractive force makes movable roof 2 form to move on certain acceleration; When the speed of moving reached the normal speed that sets on the movable roof 2, central control system control hoist engine tension force kept movable roof 2 to move at the uniform velocity with normal speed.
3, stop the locking stage, when movable roof 2 was about to reach fastening position, central control system control hoist engine reduced tractive force; Movable roof 2 is slowly slowed down, and when the position sensor on the last arc limit of movable roof 2 detected two distances between the movable roof 2 less than setting value, the control system obtained the locking signal; This moment, central control system reduced hoist engine tractive force on one side, Yi Bian start the latch motor, latch was inserted in the jack 84 fully; 65 brakings of central control system control liquid braking device, movable roof 2 is static, and wire rope 93 is lax; Completion is closed in the hoist engine braking.
Move smooth and easyly in order to ensure movable roof 2, chassis 6 load are carried out Real Time Observation, adopt video monitoring system to keep watch on the operation conditions of chassis simultaneously.The pressure sensor of the horizontal and vertical pressure of installation and measuring on chassis 6 damping oil cylinders 63 and main top oil cylinder 64; Central control system is calculated the data of damping oil cylinder 63 and main top oil cylinder 64 pressure sensors; Calculate the load of chassis 6, accurately judge the relative displacement between movable roof 2 and the rail beam by the PLC controller through computing again, control system real-time judge chassis 6 running statuses; And, guarantee that the smooth and easy of movable roof 2 moves according to the mobile scheme of state adjustment.
Simultaneously, the position sensor of installation and measuring chassis vertical and horizontal offset on all chassis 6 main top oil cylinders 64 and damping oil cylinder 63, central control system real-time inspection each chassis 6 attitudes and action.When central authorities' control system statistics surpasses 6 whiles of chassis of some or makes same direction lateral shift in succession to any a slice movable roof 2; Judge movable roof 2 whole the sideslip taken place; The roof system 2 of should stopping action at once this moment walks on; Perhaps central control system is corrected chassis 6 skews with automated manner then, continues startup work then, and chassis 6 drives movable roofs 2 and walks on.Or manually adjusting, manual mode prevents that automated manner from breaking down and be provided with, and adjusts according to feedback information and video monitoring information that system obtains.
Claims (3)
1. but the control method of curved surface space, sports palace ultra-large type open and close type roof system is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Central control system is set, the position sensor of arc limit and following arc limit installation and measuring movable roof position signalling on movable roof, the pressure sensor of installation and measuring steel wire rope tension on the hoist engine wire rope;
Wherein opening process may further comprise the steps:
1. remove the locking stage, unclamp the latch of movable roof, central control system control hoist engine tensioning wire rope edge fit; The wire rope pressure sensor detects tension signal, and when tension force caused movable roof not move down, the chassis liquid braking device unclamped; The position sensor of main arch and movable roof detects latch and movable roof is gapped, then extracts latch fully, and two movable roofs separate; Central control system reduces steel wire rope tension gradually, and movable roof is moved down;
2. open stage; In the movable roof folding process, central control system control hoist engine continues to reduce steel wire rope tension, and movable roof moves down under action of gravity; And formation acceleration; When movable roof reaches when normally moving down speed, hoist engine produces braking, keeps the speed that moves down of movable roof even;
3. the stop phase that slows down, when movable roof soon arrived the fully open position, central control system began to strengthen hoist engine tractive force; The tensioning wire rope slows down movable roof, when detecting chassis and be close to down block, and central control system control liquid braking device generation brake force; Make that movable roof stops to move, keep the tension force of hoist engine wire rope simultaneously, control the braking of hoist engine brake then; Stop motor rotation, open and accomplish.
Closing closed procedure is the anti-process of opening process, comprises the steps:
1. the startup stage, central control system is at first controlled hoist engine and is produced tension force, unclamps the liquid braking device on the guide rail then, continues the control electric winch and increases tractive force, moves on the pulling movable roof;
2. dwell period moves past on the movable roof in the journey, forms acceleration, and when the speed of moving reached normal speed on the movable roof, control hoist engine tension force kept movable roof to move at the uniform velocity;
3. stop the locking stage, when movable roof was about to reach fastening position, control system control hoist engine reduced tractive force; Movable roof is slowed down, when detect can locking position signalling, Yi Bian reduce hoist engine tractive force; Start on one side the latch motor, with latch fastening fully with jack in; Detect two distances between the movable roof less than setting value, then control the liquid braking device braking, movable roof is static, and wire rope is lax, and completion is closed in the hoist engine braking.
2. but the control method of curved surface space, a kind of sports palace as claimed in claim 1 ultra-large type open and close type roof system; It is characterized in that: in the described opening and closing process, be furnished with damping oil cylinder, be furnished with main top oil cylinder at the chassis top at the chassis wheel of chassis; The pressure sensor that is used to detect horizontal and vertical pressure is installed respectively; Central control system calculates the load of chassis to according to pressure sensor data, real-time judge chassis running status; And, guarantee that the smooth and easy of movable roof moves according to the mobile scheme of state adjustment.
3. but the control method of curved surface space, a kind of sports palace as claimed in claim 1 ultra-large type open and close type roof system; It is characterized in that: in the described opening and closing process; The position sensor of installation and measuring chassis vertical and horizontal offset on all chassis master top oil cylinders and damping oil cylinder, central control system real-time inspection each chassis attitude and action are perhaps made same direction lateral shift simultaneously in succession when counting on the chassis that surpasses some on any a slice movable roof; Judge movable roof whole the sideslip taken place; The roof system of stopping action this moment is walked, and with manually perhaps automated manner correction chassis skew, continues movable roof then and walks.
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| CN2010102902774A CN101962976B (en) | 2010-09-18 | 2010-09-18 | Retractable gymnasium roof with ultra large curved space and control method thereof |
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| CN2010102902774A CN101962976B (en) | 2010-09-18 | 2010-09-18 | Retractable gymnasium roof with ultra large curved space and control method thereof |
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