CN101957819A - Place name searching method and system based on context - Google Patents
Place name searching method and system based on context Download PDFInfo
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- CN101957819A CN101957819A CN2009100888854A CN200910088885A CN101957819A CN 101957819 A CN101957819 A CN 101957819A CN 2009100888854 A CN2009100888854 A CN 2009100888854A CN 200910088885 A CN200910088885 A CN 200910088885A CN 101957819 A CN101957819 A CN 101957819A
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Abstract
The invention relates to place name searching method and system based on context. The method comprises the following steps of: dividing a place name sentence to be searched into a searching content part based on expression context and a searching user characteristic part based on an inquiry context, and inputting; and processing the searching context part and inquiring a searched initial searching result and a matching degree thereof; and processing the searching user characteristic part and adjusting the matching degree of the initial searching result to acquire a final searching result and the matching degree thereof. In the invention, the method and the system improve the searching correctness of the place name through the context and excellently meet the user requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the geographic information retrieval technical field, relate in particular to a kind of geographical name retrieval method and system based on linguistic context.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of infotech, it is more and more convenient that people obtain information.In the face of the information source of magnanimity in the network, help the user therefrom to find the information retrieval technique of useful information to obtain tremendous development fast and accurately.Geospatial information occupies very big ratio in the network information, if can not effectively handle geography information, will inevitably lower the accuracy of information retrieval, influences user's use.Geographic information retrieval is exactly on the basis of conventional information retrieval, makes full use of the information relevant with geography that comprises in the document, and the characteristics of combining geographic information and processing mode help the user more effectively to finish information retrieval.
The geographic information retrieval technology is mainly supported the application of following three aspects: geographical name retrieval, and for example the geospatial location of returning place name is retrieved in Beijing, Zhong Guan-cun etc.; The type retrieval, for example the geographical entity that returns specified type is retrieved in mountains and rivers, river etc.; Relation retrieve, for example direction relations, distance relation etc. are retrieved and are returned the geographical entity that satisfies condition.
Place name is the proprietary name of expressing nature on a certain particular spatial location or political geography entity.On the one hand, in the daily interchange people express and when accepting the geographic position place names that rely on more carry out, the simultaneously a large amount of socioeconomic datas and even the expression in the geographic position in some natural observation datas are also undertaken by place name; On the other hand, type retrieval, relation retrieve often need place name to participate in expressing query contents.Therefore, geographical name retrieval becomes application the most widely in the geographic information retrieval.
Yet the accuracy of existing geographical name retrieval is not high, is difficult to satisfy user's demand.This deficiency mainly contains the reason of following three aspects:
1, existing geographical name retrieval technology can not the correct understanding content of pages or inquiry in geographical space semanteme that place name contained, can not effectively handle the place name synonym, occur looking into inaccurate or look into infull phenomenon;
Individual preferences such as user's search purposes, the residing geographic position of user when 2, existing geographical name retrieval technology is not considered query and search, result for retrieval often is not that the user is needed;
3, existing geographical name retrieval technology can't effectively be handled text message, computing machine still can not be understood the natural language expression form of place name, what existing geographical name retrieval mainly adopted is the mode of full-text search, only finish by simple key words text coupling, result for retrieval exists a large amount of redundancies and mistake.
Linguistic context originally is a term in the linguistics.In linguistics, linguistic context refers to the environment that the concrete syntax form occurs, usually be divided into the linguistic context of broad sense and the linguistic context of narrow sense: the linguistic context of broad sense is meant the Social Culture linguistic context, the linguistic form Social Culture form of depending on for existence just, it relates to human lives's various aspects, from clothing, food, lodging and transportion--basic necessities of life, folkways and customs to values or the like; The linguistic context of narrow sense is meant the concrete linguistic context that linguistic form occurs, and is called sight again, as context relation, role, the type of writing, intonation, grammer, vocabulary or the like.Concerning a notion, exist the incoherent character of the linguistic context character relevant simultaneously with linguistic context.The incoherent character of linguistic context has formed its core meaning, and the character that linguistic context is relevant has then reflected the variability of semantic coding.Studies show that place name has tangible linguistic context correlativity, the geographical space semanteme that same place name is expressed under different linguistic context is different.Place name can be expressed geospatial entity and position thereof more accurately under certain linguistic context.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of geographical name retrieval method and system based on linguistic context, it can improve the geographical name retrieval accuracy, better meets user's request simultaneously, to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme.
The geographical name retrieval method based on linguistic context of one embodiment of the present invention comprises: S1. is according to linguistic context, place name statement to be retrieved is divided into based on the retrieval of content part of expressing linguistic context and based on the retrieval user characteristic of query context, and input; S2. handle described retrieval of content part, query and search obtains initial retrieval result and matching degree thereof; S3. handle described retrieval user characteristic, adjust described initial retrieval result's matching degree, obtain final result for retrieval and matching degree thereof.
Wherein, described expression linguistic context is represented the geographical space semanteme of place name, and the scope of application of constraint place name; Retrieval background when described query context is represented geographical name retrieval behavior generation, and the user is to the expectation of result for retrieval.
Wherein, described retrieval of content partly comprises following three content elements: title: be the place name of destination object to be retrieved; Type: be the type of described destination object; Relation is asserted: be made up of with the two parts that concern described reference object reference object and described destination object.
Wherein, described three content elements independently, or by logic and, the form of logical OR, logical not, constitute described retrieval of content part.
Wherein, described retrieval user characteristic comprises following two content elements: inquiry theme: theme, the field be concerned about for retrieval user; Customer location: be the residing geospatial location of described retrieval user.
Wherein, described matching degree be result for retrieval and user to the matching degree between the expectation of geographical name retrieval, its numerical value is between 0～1.
Another embodiment of the invention provides a kind of geographical name retrieval system based on linguistic context, this system comprises: load module, be used for according to linguistic context, place name statement to be retrieved is divided into based on the retrieval of content part of expressing linguistic context and based on the retrieval user characteristic of query context, and input; The initial retrieval module is used to handle described retrieval of content part, and query and search obtains initial retrieval result and matching degree thereof; Final retrieval module is used to handle described retrieval user characteristic, adjusts described initial retrieval result's matching degree, obtains final result for retrieval and matching degree thereof.
Wherein, described expression linguistic context is represented the geographical space semanteme of place name, and the scope of application of constraint place name; Retrieval background when described query context is represented geographical name retrieval behavior generation, and the user is to the expectation of result for retrieval.
Wherein, described retrieval of content partly comprises following three content elements: title: be the place name of destination object to be retrieved; Type: be the type of described destination object; Relation is asserted: be made up of with the two parts that concern described reference object reference object and described destination object.
Wherein, described three content elements independently, or by logic and, the form of logical OR, logical not, constitute described retrieval of content part.
Wherein, described retrieval user characteristic comprises following two content elements: inquiry theme: theme, the field be concerned about for retrieval user; Customer location: be the residing geospatial location of described retrieval user.
Wherein, described matching degree be result for retrieval and user to the matching degree between the expectation of geographical name retrieval, its numerical value is between 0～1.
Geographical name retrieval method and system of the present invention provide the standardization definition of the linguistic context that is applicable to geographical name retrieval, have distinguished expression linguistic context and query context, make that the content of geographical name retrieval is more complete, and it is more accurate that place name is expressed, and eliminated the uncertainty of place name; Make geographical name retrieval obtain to meet more the result for retrieval of user's request; The geographical name retrieval statement that comprises linguistic context is expressed in formalization, sets up corresponding query processing strategy, makes computing machine can handle the geographical name retrieval that comprises linguistic context; Quantitatively evaluating is carried out in accuracy to the place name result for retrieval, can help the user more effectively to use the geographical name retrieval result.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the geographical name retrieval method flow diagram based on linguistic context according to one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the geographical name retrieval system architecture synoptic diagram based on linguistic context according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The geographical name retrieval method and system based on linguistic context that the present invention proposes are described in detail as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the geographical name retrieval method based on linguistic context according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps:
S1. according to linguistic context, will comprise the geographical name retrieval statement form expression of linguistic context, and be about to place name statement to be retrieved and be divided into based on the retrieval of content part of expressing linguistic context and based on the retrieval user characteristic of query context, and input;
S2. handle the retrieval of content part, query and search obtains initial retrieval result and matching degree thereof;
S3. handle the retrieval user characteristic, adjust initial retrieval result's matching degree, obtain final result for retrieval and matching degree thereof.
The present invention divides into the linguistic context of geographical name retrieval and expresses linguistic context and query context.Express linguistic context and comprise the two parts that concern of the type of (1) destination object to be retrieved and (2) destination object and reference object, be used to represent the geographical space semanteme of place name, and the usable range that retrains place name; Query context comprises (1) user inquiring theme and (2) customer location two parts, the retrieval background when being used to represent user's geographical name retrieval behavior generation, and the user is to the expectation of result for retrieval.Both exist and separate simultaneously, and the key distinction is embodied in following three aspects:
1, the linguistic context object difference of both encapsulation.Express linguistic context and directly encapsulate place name, act on a place name notion, reflected the relevant character of semanteme of place name, act on the entire process process of geographical name retrieval.Query context then encapsulates the geographical name retrieval statement, acts on a geographical name retrieval behavior, has reflected the user-dependent character of geographical name retrieval, acts on geographical name retrieval result's the accuracy estimating stage.
2, both at the technical matters difference.Express the expression that linguistic context participates in the geographical space semanteme of place name, can express the different implications of same place name under different context; Retrain the usable range of place name, eliminated the synonym of place name, purpose is to improve the accuracy of geographical name retrieval.Query context does not then relate to the matter of semantics of place name, and pays close attention to the user who uses geographical name retrieval, and purpose is to provide the personalized retrieval that more meets user expectation result.
3, both are to the difference that influences of place name result for retrieval.Express the content that linguistic context can the determination result collection and the matching degree of the corresponding retrieval of content of result itself.Query context can only be adjusted result's matching degree in the result set inside that has comprised after the geographical name retrieval of expressing linguistic context is determined, and can not delete some result.
In step S1, by analyzing the composition structure of content to be retrieved, retrieval of content partly comprises three content elements:
Title (Name): be the place name of destination object to be retrieved;
Type (Type): be the type of destination object to be retrieved;
Relation is asserted (Predicate): be made up of with the two parts that concern described reference object reference object and described destination object.The place name keyword of tradition geographical name retrieval is mapped as title, and the relation of expressing the type of the destination object in the linguistic context and destination object and reference object is mapped as type respectively and relation is asserted.Simultaneously, consider the rich and dirigibility of content to be retrieved, by logic and (AND), logical OR (OR) and three logical elements of logical not (NOT) are in order to express the logical combination of above three content elements.Content element is separate, and has atomicity.Be that they can use separately to express simple queries, also may express complex query arbitrarily in the mode of logical combination by logical elements.
The retrieval user characteristic comprises two elements:
Inquiry theme (Theme): theme, the field be concerned about for retrieval user;
Customer location (Location): be the residing geospatial location of retrieval user.
User inquiring theme in the query context and user are mapped as inquiry theme and customer location for it respectively.
For instance, be positioned at the user inquiring " the People's Hospital of Beijing " of Zhong Guan-cun, but this geographical name retrieval form turns to:
The processing of linguistic context and query context is promptly expressed in the processing of retrieval of content part and retrieval user characteristic among step S2 and the step S3, has all related to the information of place name aspect type and locus two.Because it is directly related with place name to express linguistic context, the query context then user with geographical name retrieval is relevant, so express the processing priority that the processing priority of linguistic context is higher than query context among the present invention.For the element after the geographical name retrieval formalization, preferentially retrieval of content is partly handled.Be specially, at first type/the relation in the retrieval of content part is asserted and handled, handle if the type/relation in the retrieval of content part asserted, then the inquiry theme/customer location in the retrieval user characteristic is not handled, the processing of customer location/inquiry theme is unaffected.
Among the step S4, matching degree refers to final result for retrieval and user to the matching degree between the expectation of geographical name retrieval, and its numerical value is between 0～1.The high more result for retrieval of then representing of matching degree numerical value meets user's retrieval expectation more.The factor and the relevant treatment strategy that influence matching degree are as follows:
1, the similarity of place name type.Matching degree can be represented the similarity degree of the place name type of similar type and retrieval, and result for retrieval obtains retrieving the similar type of place name type, to obtain more possible outcome.The hospital's type that for example is arranged in this geographical name retrieval of user inquiring " the People's Hospital of Beijing " of Zhong Guan-cun can expand to medical institutions such as private clinic, section hospital, institute of traditional Chinese medicine, and the similarity degree between dissimilar is by the algorithm decision of concrete application.
2, Mo Hu spatial relationship.The spatial relationship that relates in the geographical name retrieval is the qualitative expression often, thereby has ambiguity, as direction relations or far away, near equidistant relation.Matching degree can be represented qualitative relationships is converted into the degree of membership that quantitative relationship calculates the corresponding this qualitative relationships of result.For example qualitative distance relation distance can be converted into " in 1 kilometer ", " between 1 kilometer-10 kilometers " and a series of distances such as " beyond 10 kilometers " and carry out quantitative Analysis.The degree of membership of the corresponding qualitative relationships of result for retrieval is by the algorithm decision of concrete application.
3, query context.Preference according to the retrieval user of query context record is adjusted on initial retrieval result's matching degree basis, obtains higher matching degree so that meet the result for retrieval of user preference.For example be arranged in the result of this geographical name retrieval of user inquiring " the People's Hospital of Beijing " of Zhong Guan-cun, the matching degree of near result for retrieval will be higher than from the Zhong Guan-cun result for retrieval matching degree far away relatively from the Zhong Guan-cun.Wherein, the matching degree that the inquiry theme causes is similar to the processing of place name type, calculates the type of initial results and the similarity degree of inquiry theme; The matching degree that customer location causes reduces to far away near according to the distance of initial results position and customer location.
In the present embodiment, the calculating section of matching degree comprises comprehensive and two algorithms of matching degree adjustment of matching degree:
1, the matching degree integration algorithm is as follows: retrieval of content part type and relation may occur and assert simultaneous situation, calculate initial retrieval as a result matching degree want the matching degree of comprehensive this two aspect, adopt the principle of " both compare get its little " to select relatively low matching degree:
The matching degree that the similarity of definition place name type causes is md
Type(0＜md
Type≤ 1), the matching degree that causes of Mo Hu spatial relationship is md
Predicate(0＜md
Predicate≤ 1), initial retrieval result's matching degree is md
Original, then
md
original＝min(md
type，md
predicate)
2, the matching degree adjustment algorithm is as follows: the result for retrieval that the algorithm of adjusting on initial retrieval result's matching degree basis according to the preference of the retrieval user of query context record will satisfy, meet user preference obtains higher matching degree principle:
Definition initial retrieval result's matching degree is md
Original(0＜md
Original≤ 1), the matching degree that causes of inquiry theme is md
Theme(0＜md
Theme≤ 1), the matching degree that causes of customer location is md
Location(0＜md
Location≤ 1), the matching degree of final result for retrieval is md
Final, definition coefficient 0＜λ
1, λ
2, λ
3＜1 and the λ that satisfies condition
1+ λ
2+ λ
3=1, then
md
final＝md
original×(λ
1+λ
2×md
theme+λ
3×md
location)
Specific algorithm that matching degree computation process relates to and parameter, according to the application purpose of geographical name retrieval, application is different and different, and the selection of specific algorithm and parameter is not within interest field of the present invention.
In sum, initial retrieval result's matching degree is calculated and is followed the matching degree integration algorithm among the step S2; The matching degree adjustment algorithm is followed in the calculating of adjusting initial retrieval result's matching degree among the step S3.
As shown in Figure 2, geographical name retrieval system according to another embodiment of the present invention based on linguistic context, this system comprises: load module, be used for according to linguistic context, place name statement to be retrieved is divided into based on the retrieval of content part of expressing linguistic context and based on the retrieval user characteristic of query context, and input; The initial retrieval module is used to handle the retrieval of content part, and query and search obtains initial retrieval result and matching degree thereof; Final retrieval module is used to handle the retrieval user characteristic, adjusts initial retrieval result's matching degree, obtains final result for retrieval and matching degree thereof.
Above embodiment only is used to illustrate the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make various variations and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (12)
1. geographical name retrieval method based on linguistic context, the method comprising the steps of:
S1. according to linguistic context, place name statement to be retrieved is divided into based on the retrieval of content part of expressing linguistic context and based on the retrieval user characteristic of query context, and input;
S2. handle described retrieval of content part, query and search obtains initial retrieval result and matching degree thereof;
S3. handle described retrieval user characteristic, adjust described initial retrieval result's matching degree, obtain final result for retrieval and matching degree thereof.
2. the geographical name retrieval method based on linguistic context as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described expression linguistic context is represented the geographical space semanteme of place name, and the scope of application of constraint place name;
Retrieval background when described query context is represented geographical name retrieval behavior generation, and the user is to the expectation of result for retrieval.
3. the geographical name retrieval method based on linguistic context as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described retrieval of content partly comprises following three content elements:
Title: be the place name of destination object to be retrieved;
Type: be the type of described destination object;
Relation is asserted: be made up of with the two parts that concern described reference object reference object and described destination object.
4. the geographical name retrieval method based on linguistic context as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described three content elements independently, or by logic and, the form of logical OR, logical not, constitute described retrieval of content part.
5. the geographical name retrieval method based on linguistic context as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described retrieval user characteristic comprises following two content elements:
Inquiry theme: theme, the field be concerned about for retrieval user;
Customer location: be the residing geospatial location of described retrieval user.
6. the geographical name retrieval method based on linguistic context as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described matching degree be result for retrieval and user to the matching degree between the expectation of geographical name retrieval, its numerical value is between 0～1.
7. geographical name retrieval system based on linguistic context, this system comprises:
Load module is used for according to linguistic context, place name statement to be retrieved is divided into based on the retrieval of content part of expressing linguistic context and based on the retrieval user characteristic of query context, and input;
The initial retrieval module is used to handle described retrieval of content part, and query and search obtains initial retrieval result and matching degree thereof;
Final retrieval module is used to handle described retrieval user characteristic, adjusts described initial retrieval result's matching degree, obtains final result for retrieval and matching degree thereof.
8. the geographical name retrieval system based on linguistic context as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that described expression linguistic context is represented the geographical space semanteme of place name, and the scope of application of constraint place name;
Retrieval background when described query context is represented geographical name retrieval behavior generation, and the user is to the expectation of result for retrieval.
9. the geographical name retrieval system based on linguistic context as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described retrieval of content partly comprises following three content elements:
Title: be the place name of destination object to be retrieved;
Type: be the type of described destination object;
Relation is asserted: be made up of with the two parts that concern described reference object reference object and described destination object.
10. the geographical name retrieval system based on linguistic context as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described three content elements independently, or by logic and, the form of logical OR, logical not, constitute described retrieval of content part.
11. the geographical name retrieval system based on linguistic context as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described retrieval user characteristic comprises following two content elements:
Inquiry theme: theme, the field be concerned about for retrieval user;
Customer location: be the residing geospatial location of described retrieval user.
12. the geographical name retrieval system based on linguistic context as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described matching degree be result for retrieval and user to the matching degree between the expectation of geographical name retrieval, its numerical value is between 0～1.
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| CN2009100888854A CN101957819B (en) | 2009-07-21 | 2009-07-21 | Place name searching method and system based on context |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103092877A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-05-08 | 百度在线网络技术（北京）有限公司 | Method and device for recommending keyword |
| CN103714081A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2014-04-09 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Method and device for recognizing proprietary place names |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101206121B (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2011-02-09 | 高德软件有限公司 | Placename retrieval device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103092877A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-05-08 | 百度在线网络技术（北京）有限公司 | Method and device for recommending keyword |
| CN103714081A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2014-04-09 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Method and device for recognizing proprietary place names |
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