CN1019528B - Three-temperament electronic keyboard musical instrument with autocontrolled modnlation - Google Patents
Three-temperament electronic keyboard musical instrument with autocontrolled modnlationInfo
- Publication number
- CN1019528B CN1019528B CN 90100726 CN90100726A CN1019528B CN 1019528 B CN1019528 B CN 1019528B CN 90100726 CN90100726 CN 90100726 CN 90100726 A CN90100726 A CN 90100726A CN 1019528 B CN1019528 B CN 1019528B
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- temperament
- sound
- key
- sounds
- modnlation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H2210/00—Aspects or methods of musical processing having intrinsic musical character, i.e. involving musical theory or musical parameters or relying on musical knowledge, as applied in electrophonic musical tools or instruments
- G10H2210/395—Special musical scales, i.e. other than the 12- interval equally tempered scale; Special input devices therefor
- G10H2210/471—Natural or just intonation scales, i.e. based on harmonics consonance such that most adjacent pitches are related by harmonically pure ratios of small integers
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- Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention belongs to an electronic musical instrument. Based on an electronic keyboard musical instrument which can play pure tone temperament, five-tone cadence temperament and twelve-tone equal temperament, an automatic control modulation device for the pure tone temperament and the five-tone cadence temperament is added; the automatic control modulation device comprises two stages, wherein the first stage is an automatic control modulation device for natural temperament, and the second stage is an automatic control modulation device for the pure tone temperament. The automatic control modulation of the pure tone temperament and the five-tone cadence temperament is realized on the electronic keyboard musical instrument first to overcome the trouble that modulation keys/buttons in various existing variable temperament modulation electronic keyboard musical instruments are pressed in a manual method, relieves the mental load of a player in manual modulation and enhances the significance of an electronic organ in keyboard musical instruments.
Description
The invention belongs to electronic musical instrument.
In existing electric keyboard instrument, have have three kinds of regimen modulation function.A kind of is Japanese " pure temperament electronic keyboard musical instrument " (special be willing to clear 57-2185 number), and it can the regimen modulation, but the modulation error is very big, is 445.5Hz as the A sound of the big accent of D among its 3rd figure; The keynote A of the big accent of A is 440Hz, and turning greatly from D must downward 5.5Hz out of tune to the big timing of A, exceeds admissible scope.The G sound of d ditty is 391.1Hz among its 4th figure, and the keynote G of g ditty is 396Hz, and the 4.9Hz out of tune that must make progress when the d ditty turns to the g ditty also exceeds the scope of permission, or the like.Second kind is Chinese " keyboard type electronic organ with adjustable melody and tone " (application number is 86209305), it in Table 1 the A of c major be 436.535Hz; It is added, and " the master sound of each scale all just is placed on and restrains." A that just restraining in the table one is 440Hz.If when c major turns to a ditty, the 3.4565Hz out of tune that must make progress exceeds the scope of permission.And it all has same error in the mutual commentaries on classics of 12 pairs of large and small accent of relation.The third is that the inventor designs " three temperament electronic musical instrument " (application number is 87215053.4), and it has adopted 53 rules of " room, microphony difference capital rule ", and each differs from 24 accent of 22 cents to have used two rows accent of the same name, solves the modulation problem of 12 accent.The pitch that this transfers keynote is calculated in each modulation earlier, calculates the pitch of other each sound again according to the altitude gauge of keynote.With this two-stage Calculation Method, only solved and transferred cloud to change the error that must occur in 12 accent with 12.Although can carry out the regimen modulation in above-mentioned several Electronic Keying disc type musical instrument, and the error latter of modulation solves.But, manual type is all adopted in modulation, each modulation needs with manually clicking manual modulation key/button, and the player also must be when playing, note constantly going to analyze turning to certain accent by certain, both bring the many troubles that do not have in the former keyboard instrument use, increased player's mental burden again.
Task of the present invention is: on the three temperament electronic musical instrument that can show three kinds of basic musical notes such as pure rule, five tone cadence temperament and twelve-tone equal temperament, provide a kind of autocontrolled modnlation device, utilize the normal running method of keyboard instrument, finish the autocontrolled modnlation task.
Realize that basic thought of the present invention is: utilize player's employed that a part of key when playing, with these keys as signal, with designed autocontrolled modnlation device signal is analyzed, what judge performance is what is transferred, and then finishes automatic modulation task according to the result who analyzes by the autocontrolled modnlation device.
Big accent in the music has 12; Ditty divides three kinds: antural minor, harmonic minor and melodic minor, totally 36 accent.With c major and concern that ditty a ditty is an example, be listed as follows:
C major: c d e f g a b
Nature a ditty: a b c d e f g
Harmony a ditty: a b c d e f
*g
Melody a ditty is up: a b c d e
*f
*g
Melody a ditty is descending: a b c d e f g
Autocontrolled modnlation needs certain device to realize, but finishing of this Design of device and task must be based on the basic theories of music.Play the analysis with " accent ", its signal derives from black, Bai Jian operated when playing, and the door of setting the tone really the soonest must make the bond number of analysis fewer better.It is considered herein that, in performance behind specific five sounds of minimum appearance, just can distinguish it and be 12 groups and concern which group in the large and small accent.These five sounds are: one-level sound, three grades of sounds, level Four sound, Pyatyi sound and seven grades of sounds on big tuning rank; The secondary sound of minor scale, three grades of sounds, Pyatyi sound, six grades of sounds and seven grades of sounds.Big secondary pitch 22 cents of transferring in pure rule, the level Four sound of ditty hang down 22 cents, clear what play is big accent or ditty so also must further distinguish.But when antural minor and melodic minor were descending, used sound and the big accent of its relation together, can't be distinguished with the situation of key entirely, so the present invention uses big chord with big the accent again, ditty is used the method for little chord, and adjacent sound and the chord used always before and after playing with it are done to distinguish for the second time.Because of its secondary sound and Pyatyi sound in big accent the, seven grades of sounds constitute a Major chord; Its level Four sound and six grades of sounds, one-level sounds constitute a minor triad in ditty.Must be big accent so after Pyatyi sound and seven grades of sounds occur, occur the secondary sound again; After six grades of sounds and the appearance of one-level sound, occur the level Four sound again and must be ditty.The former is with secondary sound 22 cents that raise; The latter reduces by 22 cents with the level Four sound, and its scale promptly meets each required pitch in large and small tuning rank fully.
Autocontrolled modnlation device of the present invention is divided into secondary, and the first order is be " the natural law autocontrolled modnlation device " that is used for screening pitch, and it is made up of code translator, latch and proprietary program, or is made up of single-chip microcomputer (or single card microcomputer) and proprietary program.The second level be the device that is used for screening tonality " pure rule automatic control interval regulating device ", it is made up of code translator, latch and proprietary program, also can form with single-chip microcomputer or single card microcomputer, input circuit and proprietary program.Outside the needs of division tonality of the present invention, also there are a kind of inconsonant " narrow five degree of pure rule " in pure rule itself, also needs to be adjusted into consonance, so, " pure rule automatic control interval regulating device " distinguished the tonality task except that bearing, and adjusts the task of cacophony journey in addition.In the general performance of not modulation, " pure rule automatic control interval regulating device " is in order to carry out the task of the cacophony journey of adjusting pure rule and musical note among the people.Its control method also is by existing study of law principle, judges that performance still is that minor triad is decided into Major chord.Just there are secondary sound and level Four sound, six grades of inconsonant problems of sound as the big accent of pure rule itself.When the big level Four sound of transferring, six grades of sounds occurring, if the secondary sound occurs again, can constitute little chord, the secondary sound must be reduced by 22 cents, make their consonances; When Pyatyi sound, seven grades of sounds occurring,, can constitute big chord again, the secondary sound is restored if the secondary sound occurs again.After originally " natural law autocontrolled modnlation device " filters out the used pitch of performance, signal is sent into the program of aforementioned " three temperament electronic musical instrument " of inventor's design, again through selecting the frequency of the first sound of new key, and after selecting the calculating of other each voice frequency twice formula, select 12 used sounds of new accent, transfer to keyboard, its modulation is stable, and frequency is accurate.
In addition; because the musical note among the people of various countries has multiple scale in same pitch, adjacently respectively transfer regular meeting to mix to refute, can not why it transfers with the methods analyst of collecting the white-black key signal; so also must preserve original 12 manual modulation keys, use when playing musical note among the people.
Using method of the present invention is: set up the rule classification key of five interlockings, it is in proper order: 1 is pure rule key, and 2 is joyous key among the people, and 3 is bitter key among the people, and 4 is the five tone cadence temperament key, and 5 is the twelve-tone equal temperament key.Press the frequency that different keys can send different musical notes.Also having established an autocontrolled modnlation key and 12 manual modulation keys of interlocking in addition, still is that manual control can be chosen wantonly with automatic control.Manual modulation key is chequered with black and white, and shape is with key, large and small blending one key of the same name, also be provided with a pure rule automatic control interval adjusting key, press this key and can regulate the cacophony journey of pure rule and musical note among the people automatically, not according to this key, performance then be each standard scale of transferring of each rule.
Three-temperament electronic keyboard musical instrument of the present invention comprises: the keyboard that is provided with key, rule classification key and operating key; Produce musical sound audio generating circuit, tamber simulation circuit and the power amplifier of note signal, it is characterized in that described electric keyboard instrument also comprises: according in the playing procedure by the signal of key select automatically 12 groups concern one group in the large and small accent natural law autocontrolled modnlation device of transferring and according to institute by the strong signal automatic distinguishing of qin by the large and small accent in the selected one group of accent of described natural law autocontrolled modnlation device and the pure rule automatic control interval regulating device of correct audio frequency is provided.
Effect
The three-temperament electronic keyboard musical instrument of above-mentioned formation can be realized modulation accurately automatically owing to reach " pure rule automatic control interval regulating device " by means of " natural law autocontrolled modnlation device ", thereby easy to use, and playing quality improves.
Accompanying drawing is embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a system chart of the present invention.Wherein [1] is the microsystem that comprises memory under program EPROM, for example adopts 8031 single-chip microprocessor systems; [2] be the tamber simulation circuit; [3] be tamber simulation and power amplifier; [4] be loudspeaker; [5] be pure rule automatic control interval regulating device; [6] be keyboard scanning circuit; [7] be natural law autocontrolled modnlation device; [8] be keyboard, comprising key, rule classification key, autocontrolled modnlation key, manual modulation key and pure rule automatic control interval adjusting key (not shown).
Fig. 2 is the hardware block diagram of [1] embodiment of microsystem shown in the figure [1].It is mainly by 8031 single chip microcomputers and memory under program EPROM(2764) form.74LS373 is an address latch among the figure, and 74LS138 is an address decoder.8031 single chip microcomputers are cores of three-temperament electronic keyboard musical instrument with autocontrolled modnlation, all push button signalling inputs, and autocontrolled modnlation, the generation of adjustment of automatic control interval and the various pitches of three class musical notes is all implemented by its final control.It is to carry out to be stored in EPROM(2764 that 8031 single chip microcomputers are finished above-mentioned functions) in the result of program.EPROM(2764) kernel program in is that autocontrolled modnlation program and automatic control interval are regulated program.With 74LS373 latch address sign indicating number is that 8031 single chip microcomputers are necessary.By the address decode signal that the 74LS138 code translator produces, be used for 8255 the chip select signal of control chart 5, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9.
Fig. 3 is that the hardware of an embodiment of natural law autocontrolled modnlation device is formed synoptic diagram.After the push button signalling of the key that the key circuit sends latchs via R-S trigger 74LS279, the decoding network of forming through C4073, C070 obtains the modulation signal then, after 74LS74 latchs, be input to parallel interface 8355(2 again) (not shown) enter microsystem, sent the INTO input end of interrupt request singal to 8031 single chip microcomputer simultaneously by Sheffer stroke gate 74LS133, the final enforcement of autocontrolled modnlation is finished by carrying out specific program.Why to adopt 74LS279 to latch the key signal of pressing, because desired five keys of modulation are not to press simultaneously, the meaning that latchs is as long as in all buttons at a time the button operation that satisfies required coding is arranged, native system will be discerned automatically, finally finishes the conversion of pitch.The decoding network of being made up of C4073 and C070 is to form according to the inventor's research conclusion.If the player has ejected certain five relevant key in performance, then through C4073 and C070 decoding network, can produce 12 different modulation signals according to different number combination, with it as clock, high level is presented to 74LS74, output to 8255(2) parallel port in, be read among the CPU by execution command at last.For this modulation operation is able to timely execution, each modulation signal all can produce interrupt request one time, inputs to 8031 INTO input end by 74LS133.Have no progeny in 8031 responses, in time from 8255(2) read in the modulation code, the back confirms whether want modulation and change what accent by analysis.Analyze with the modulation operation and finish by program.
Fig. 4 is the FB(flow block) of expression natural law autocontrolled modnlation device processing procedure.In step 21, read the tone mark sign indicating number of the accent that should change, 8031CPU passes through 8255(2) and read in 12 modulation tone mark sign indicating numbers, each instantaneous has one is 1, the tone mark sign indicating number of required commentaries on classics is represented in its position.Whether flow process proceeds to step 22 then, identical with the tone mark sign indicating number of now working at the tone mark sign indicating number of the required commentaries on classics of step 22 difference, if both are identical, then needn't do the modulation operation, as long as keep former tone mark sign indicating number, thereby flow process is returned master control immediately, if not so, then show and want modulation.Flow process proceeds to step 23, in step 23, according to the modulation number that reads in, and with reference on the control panel in advance by rule classification key that the player pressed to determine the first sound of the new accent of transferring, and in step 24, according to transferring first sound to calculate the audio frequency (computing method are seen " three temperament electronic musical instrument " instructions) of 12 semitones again.Flow process enters step 25 at last, in step 25, puts new rule class, tone mark code mark, for next modulation is got ready.
Fig. 5 is that the hardware of an embodiment of pure rule automatic control interval regulating device is formed synoptic diagram.24 74LS27 among the figure wherein form correction key code translator for 12 of the top; Form the resetkey code translator for following 12.The signal that code translator translates is respectively by 8255A(3) 24 bit parallel ports read in, and through 8255A(3), this signal is read into 8031CPU, whether these 24 signals that read in are determined to revise the fundamental frequency value, are then finished by specific program.The decoding logic system of revising and recovering forms according to above-mentioned study of law Design Theory.
Fig. 6 is the FB(flow block) of the pure rule automatic control interval regulating device processing procedure of expression.At first, read 8255A(3 in step 31) input.If have one for high, then expression has the operation of requirement correction or recovery cacophony in the input.As this noble potential is 12 (PA in top among Fig. 5
0-PA
7, PC
0-PC
3) in one, then be requirement correction operation, step 32 result of determination is a "Yes", flow process places designating unit with revised audio frequency after step 33 is by the theoretical correction cacophony code table of formulating by the above-mentioned study of law.As noble potential is following 12 (PB among Fig. 5
0-PB
7, PC
1-PC
7) in one, then be the requirement recovery operation, step 34 result of determination is a "Yes", flow process proceeds to step 35, this sound is restored in step 35 again.If all be judged to be "No" in step 32,34, then flow process proceeds to step 36, and former audio frequency remains unchanged.
Fig. 7 is a keyboard circuit, and it comprises 61 keys of universal electric qin, 5 rule classification keys and other operating key.Push button signalling passes through 8255A(1) read in CPU.The functional analysis of each key is finished by program.Latch with code translator and refer to latching and code translator in natural law autocontrolled modnlation device [7] or the pure rule automatic control interval regulating device [5].
Fig. 8 represents to adopt the formation synoptic diagram of another embodiment of the natural law autocontrolled modnlation device of single chip microcomputer.It is by 8255A(1) read in the signal of the key of pressing after, via 8031 and be stored in the translator decoding that the research conclusion according to the inventor in the 2764EPROM chip works out after, finish autocontrolled modnlation.What in fact this translator was finished is exactly C4073 shown in Figure 3, the work of C070 decoding network, and different is to finish by software here, and it has the advantage of saving hardware device, but has increased the complicacy of software.
Fig. 9 represents to adopt the formation synoptic diagram of another embodiment of the pure rule automatic control interval regulating device of single chip microcomputer.It is by 8255A(1) read in the key signal of pressing, finish the automatic control interval after the specific program decoding among the EPROM, that worked out according to above-mentioned study of law theory and regulate with being stored in this system by 8031 then, in this embodiment, finish the work of code translator shown in Figure 5 with software, all decoding logics entirely together, different only one be to finish by software, another is to be finished by the TTL gate circuit.
The course of work of machine system of the present invention is roughly as follows: after choosing the rule classification, the operator can do the automatic conversion of the arbitrary accent in this rule class, automatically the process of conversion is by the analysis with the key situation in the playing procedure is obtained, when occurring certain five relevant sound in the musical sound, mellotron just thinks that it will carry out the modulation operation, again through further identification.Automatically finish modulation work after the judgement.The identification of five relevant sounds, judge that can make the autocontrolled modnlation code translator with the code translator among Fig. 3 or Fig. 8 single chip microcomputer respectively finishes, the modulation work after the identification realizes by specific program, as shown in Figure 4.For chord is more coordinated, designed automatic control interval regulating device also is to finish the frequency conversion of certain cacophony automatically, and by analyzing the performance musical sound relevant with pitch, whether mellotron is analyzed this sound automatically and coordinated, and whether needs frequency conversion.The process of analyzing also can be finished by Fig. 5 or device shown in Figure 9 respectively.Whole modulation operation and cacophony frequency conversion operation are all finished automatically, are of the present invention one big features.
Performance of the present invention operation is identical with other electric keyboard instrument, and after by the performance key, microsystem is read its key number, different according to rule classification and pitch, constant is delivered to the tamber simulation circuit during respectively with relevant audio frequency, amplifies through power amplifier again, is sounded by loudspeaker.The present invention allows 10 buttons to work simultaneously.There are 53 frequencies, in the regimen modulation, guaranteed the consonance that accurately reaches chord of pitch.
Major advantage of the present invention is:
1. but various regimen modulation electric keyboard instruments are pressed the trouble of modulation key/turn round by artificial means before having overcome, and make itself and original twelve-tone equal temperament musical instrument use the same convenient.
2. removed the mental burden that the player operates modulation by hand.
3. pure rule and the five tone cadence temperament autocontrolled modnlation realization on electric keyboard instrument that takes the lead in will improve the status of electronic organ in keyboard instrument widely.
Claims (4)
1, a kind ofly play pure rule, but the three-temperament electronic keyboard musical instrument that five tone cadence temperament and twelve-tone equal temperament and regimen modify tone comprises: the keyboard that is provided with key, rule classification key and operating key; Produce the musical sound audio generating circuit of note signal.The tone color chess is intended circuit and power amplifier, it is characterized in that described electric keyboard instrument also comprises: according in the playing procedure by the signal of key select automatically 12 groups concern one group in the large and small accent natural law autocontrolled modnlation device of transferring and according in transferring by selected one group of described natural law autocontrolled modnlation device by the signal automatic distinguishing of key large and small accent and the pure rule automatic control interval regulating device of correct audio frequency is provided.
2, three-temperament electronic keyboard musical instrument as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described natural law autocontrolled modnlation device is that 12 groups of relations of automatic distinguishing are big when differentiating institute and press in the key five relevant sounds of minimum appearance, the device of ditty, this device comprises R-S trigger 74LS279, the decoding network of forming by C4073 and C070, latch 74LS74, reverser 74LS04 and Sheffer stroke gate 74LS133, annexation between them is: the push button signalling that latchs through R-S trigger 74LS279 is sent to by C4073, the decoding network that C070 forms, the modulation signal that obtains is sent to 74LS74 through reverser 74LS04 again and latchs, signal input parallel interface 8255(2 after latching) carries out microsystem; Simultaneously send interrupt request singal to 8031 single chip microcomputer by Sheffer stroke gate 74LS133.
3, three-temperament electronic keyboard musical instrument as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that described five relevant sounds are secondary sound, three grades of sounds, Pyatyi sound, six grades of sounds and the seven grades of sounds in the one-level sound in the big tuning rank, three grades of sounds, level Four sound, Pyatyi sound and seven grades of sounds or the minor scale.
4, three-temperament electronic keyboard musical instrument as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pure rule automatic control interval regulating device be natural law autocontrolled modnlation device pick out current performance used be that in 12 groups a certain group relation is big, behind the ditty, again further by difference be Pyatyi sound by the signal of key by big accent, seven grades of sounds, the Major chord that the secondary sound constitutes, or level Four sound by ditty, six grades of sounds, the minor triad that the one-level sound constitutes, and go to distinguish big, ditty also provides the device of correct audio frequency, this pure rule automatic control interval regulating device comprises 24 74LS27 and 8255A(3) microsystem, wherein form correction key code translator by 12 among 24 74LS27, form the resetkey code translators for 12, the connection between them is that the output of 24 74LS27 code translators is input to 8255A(3 respectively) 24 bit parallels bring out mouth.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90100726 CN1019528B (en) | 1990-02-12 | 1990-02-12 | Three-temperament electronic keyboard musical instrument with autocontrolled modnlation |
| JP3018899A JPH0573055A (en) | 1990-02-12 | 1991-02-12 | Automatically-controlled modulation type three- rhythm electronic-clavier musical instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90100726 CN1019528B (en) | 1990-02-12 | 1990-02-12 | Three-temperament electronic keyboard musical instrument with autocontrolled modnlation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1053961A CN1053961A (en) | 1991-08-21 |
| CN1019528B true CN1019528B (en) | 1992-12-16 |
Family
ID=4876781
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90100726 Expired CN1019528B (en) | 1990-02-12 | 1990-02-12 | Three-temperament electronic keyboard musical instrument with autocontrolled modnlation |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0573055A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1019528B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2327201A1 (en) | 1999-12-02 | 2001-06-02 | Masaharu Amano | Bucket tooth and method of manufacturing the same |
| TWI603318B (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2017-10-21 | 于詠為 | String instrument |
| CN105605078B (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2018-07-13 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of intelligent gasket device for monitoring bolt linkage interface |
| CN112420007B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-07-15 | 陈根方 | Tone rhythm generation method for five-degree phase rhythm |
-
1990
- 1990-02-12 CN CN 90100726 patent/CN1019528B/en not_active Expired
-
1991
- 1991-02-12 JP JP3018899A patent/JPH0573055A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0573055A (en) | 1993-03-26 |
| CN1053961A (en) | 1991-08-21 |
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