CN101950269B - Automatic test method for software members - Google Patents

Automatic test method for software members Download PDF

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CN101950269B
CN101950269B CN2010102667702A CN201010266770A CN101950269B CN 101950269 B CN101950269 B CN 101950269B CN 2010102667702 A CN2010102667702 A CN 2010102667702A CN 201010266770 A CN201010266770 A CN 201010266770A CN 101950269 B CN101950269 B CN 101950269B
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template
input
key word
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CN101950269A (en
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徐恪
贾鸳鸳
马东超
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic test method for software members, which belongs to the technical field of reconfigurable networks. The invention is characterized in that the standard member test method comprises the following steps: generating a test input and a test output; comparing the result with an expected output; automatically generating a makefile file; generating test case executive code; and executing and observing test result. The method has the advantages of simplifying a test process, making test work simple and convenient and ensuring test accuracy in a high degree.

Description

Automated testing method to software component
Technical field
Belong to the automated testing method field of the software component of the network equipment to the automated testing method of software component,
Background technology
The core concept of component technology is to support a kind of reusable scale-of-two module (being called member) that standard interface externally is provided of exploitation; And come complete software systems of composite construction with these modules; Because the standard of component interface, the member of different developer's exploitations can be cooperated each other, reaches seamless integrated purpose; Component technology can solve the shortage scalability that current software systems expose and the shortcoming of interoperability well; And for alleviating the development amount, improve the software repeated usage rate a good solution route is provided, become the construction basis of system in future, member and correlation technique thereof probably based on the software of member (Component-Based); Comprise that software architecture technology that support member is integrated and construction system designing technique of specific area etc. become the research focus of current software field
Member is coarsegrain, relatively independent, interchangeable system component part, accomplishes an a certain function clearly that defines in the good system architecture, and it exports its function by a group interface, and can support run mode to bind,
Member can use in different environment, also can be by compound use in same environment, so member need provide clearly, and interface specification carries out alternately with corresponding environment; The encapsulation of member, design characterize with the outside and separate as far as possible, member externally have an effect or member between mutual, all be that the interface through normalized definition carries out; The member user only need know the interface of member; And be indifferent to its inner realization, and utilize this standardization of carrying out the automatic test of member is utilized just member to the automated testing method of member, realized various members are tested with normalized method; In this process; Can greatly reduce labor capacity artificial in the test process, whole test process is only provided under the condition of entry data and outlet data the tester, system accomplishes automatically.
Summary of the invention
Under the software component environment of the network equipment, utilize automated testing method to member, realize according to following steps:
The objective of the invention is to:
1, to the automated testing method of software component, it is characterized in that, is a kind ofly in reconfigurable router, with an automatic test module route management component to be carried out the method for automatic test, and step is following:
Step (1), the structure ATL,
This ATL contains to be useful on to routing management member to be tested to be imported the routing protocol component candidate template of routing iinformation and is used to receive the routing forwarding member candidate template through the screening routing iinformation that said route member to be tested is exported; Hereinafter to be referred as input candidate template and output candidate template, step is following:
Step (1.1), the structure candidate template,
According to going up limited several kinds of component interactive forms between said routing protocol component and the routing management member to be tested and according to outer separately encapsulation between said routing management member to be tested and the routing forwarding member; The abstract functional based method that turns to; As each self-corresponding candidate template
Step (1.2), structure template variable,
Extract the parameter in each said candidate template; After renaming, make selected parameter in this candidate template, have uniqueness, and write in the selected candidate template as template parameter; And preserve so that the extensible macro language XML text that provides by the user; Hereinafter to be referred as the XML text, with control filling in to the template variable
Step (1.3) is kept at the candidate template of step (1.2) under the file template, and template variable that should candidate template is kept among the file template title fillin,
Step (2) generates test input code and test output code,
Step (2.1) generates the test of test input code,
The tester after preservation, generates the test input code to the XML file of said automatic test template input to said routing management member to be tested,
Step (2.1.1) obtains being used to generate the input file part that contains key word input and rear section thereof and this its rear section of testing input code and comprises key word template_in, lib from said XML file; Inlet and fillin_in, wherein, this key word template_in specifies the input candidate template that will write; Be called for short input template; This key word lib specifies in the library file that when structure, needs extra interpolation, and this key word inlet specifies the access port of this routing management member to be measured, and this key word fillin_in indicates the template parameter that will in this input template, insert; Form is decided by the input template of this key word template_in appointment
Step (2.1.2) reads the full content of said input file part with the test loading routine, from selected ATL, reads corresponding input candidate template; Fill in the template variable; The input.c file that formation is used as the test input code is saved in the forTest file
Step (2.2) generates the test output code,
Step (2.2.1); The said method of (2.1) and step (2.1.1) generates the output file part of test output code set by step, and said output file part comprises key word output and rear section thereof, and this its rear section comprises key word template_out; Outlet and fillin_out; Wherein, key word template_out indicates the output template that will fill in, and key word outlet indicates the interface of said routing management member to be tested; Key word fillin_out indicates the parameter of the output template that will fill in
Step (2.2.2); Read the full content of said output file part with the test written-out program; From said ATL, select corresponding output template, fill in template parameter formation output.c file and be kept in the said forTest file as the test output code
Step (3) judges whether to contain key word result from said XML file, compares to carry out test result and said expectation test result,
Step (3.1) if key word result is arranged, then arrives (3.1.3) according to step (3.1.1),
Step (3.1.1) obtains the expectation test result of appointment from the content of said key word result, and is saved among the file giveresult under the file resultfile,
Step (3.1.2); Be input to said input test code in the said routing manager to be tested, after screening, being stored in the built-in impact damper with the test result in the described test output code; Be saved among the file testresult under the selected file folder resultfile
Step (3.1.3) compares selected test result and expectation test result,
If: both are identical, then through test,
If: both are different, then judge not through test,
Step (3.2); If no key word result in the said XML file; Read then that selected routing management member to be tested receives the type of variables in the structure in the data in this XML file, send in the selected routing management member to be tested, obtain test result through selected test output code; Return selected tester to selected a series of test input parameters and corresponding test result simultaneously then
Step (4) generates the test access program,
According to described XML, confirm the entrance function name and the export function name of member to be tested, search the component file that member to be tested is deposited; Read .h filename wherein; Join in the template, generation test access program entrance.c also is saved under the forTest file
Step (5) generates the makefile file,
The said test input code that has obtained, the test output code, test result contrast code, the source code of routing management member to be tested makes up described in the code of test access program and the said component file, generates the makefile file,
Step (5.1) copies All Files described in the step (5) under the said file forTest to,
Step (5.2), the input.c in the read step (5.1), output.c and entrance.c file, and preserve in the chained list,
Step (5.3), from the said XML file of input, judge the content behind the said key word lib:
Step (5.3.1), if: be empty behind the key word lib, then with the title execute file makefile of shell control according to each the .c file described in the step (5.2),
Step (5.3.2), if: be non-NULL behind the key word lib, and be the pthread storehouse, add by this pthread storehouse in compile time,
Step (6), the file makefile according to step (5.3) forms generates the test procedure to said routing management member to be tested, carries out and observe the test result that provides.
The invention has the advantages that:
Simplified test process, test job is become simply, convenient, and guaranteed the correctness of testing on the higher degree,
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. produce the input and the output code of test according to user's input file;
Fig. 2. carry out the contrast of result and desired output;
Fig. 3. generate the makefile file;
Fig. 4. to the automated testing method structural drawing of member;
Embodiment
To under the software development of reconfigurable router environment, for verifying the correctness of the member that is provided by the third party, a kind of standard of proposition, the method for testing of simplification, the method can reach the purpose of simplifying test process,
Automated testing method to member; In concrete implementation process; Divide for the work of being accomplished by the people and the work of being accomplished by automated test tool, totally two parts: automated test tool is for coming out a part of automated testing method is abstract, and with the testing tool of C language realization; The inside of automated test tool realizes that logic is the part of automated testing method
We are to the routed under the software development of reconfigurable router environment; According to " to the automated testing method of member "; Be the method for testing that proposes among the present invention, point out to realize the work that internal logic is accomplished by the work and the automated test tool of people's completion; Completion is to the test of route management component
The routing management member is such member: it accepts the routing iinformation by the routing protocol component generation, preserves also screening routing iinformation, from the routing iinformation that obtains, selects the most suitable information, sends to the routing forwarding member.
To the routing management member, concrete test process is following:
1. to the routing management member, generate test input and test output code automatically,
In order to reach the purpose of automatic generation test input code and test output code, need the tester that XML is provided, utilize automated test tool Analysis of X ML; Therefrom obtain relevant information, these information are divided into three parts according to key word, comprise with the input textual portions that generates the test input code; With the output textual portions that generates the test output code, automated test tool selects to be fit to do the template of routing management member input part according to key word input and rear section thereof from ATL; The information filling template that provides among the XML that provides with the tester; Generate test input code input.c, automated test tool selects to be fit to do the template of routing management member output part according to key word output and rear section thereof from ATL; The information filling template that provides among the XML that provides with the tester; Generate test output code output.c, input.c that generates and output.c are kept under the file of forTest by name, in order to follow-up use;
2. carry out the contrast of result and desired output,
In this step, with the comparison of carrying out the result in two ways,
Mode one: if in the XML that the tester provides, used key word result, method is following:
Testing tool needs again the XML of read test personnel input, is the input data behind the input with key word among the XML of tester's input, imports the routing management member into through the test input code; Through the logic of routing management member,, finally generate test result through the test output code; Be kept in the send buffer, read XML again, reading key word is result part thereafter; The desired output that the content of this part provides for the tester compares content and desired output in the test buffer zone, if content in the buffer zone and desired output resultant content are identical; Then point out the routing management member through test; If content is inequality, then point out the routing management member not through test
Mode two: if in the XML that the tester provides, do not use key word result, method is following:
Read the structure definition of the reception data of the member to be tested among the XML,, produce a series of test data at random according to type of variables in the structure; Import these test datas into the routing management member through the test input code; Through the logic of routing management member,, finally obtain the result through the test output code; The test data that produces is at random returned to the tester simultaneously with the corresponding result who obtains, supply the tester to infer voluntarily to test whether to pass through;
3. generate the test access program,
Again the XML that provides of read test personnel; Behind key word input, find key word inlet, and behind key word output, find key word outlet, confirm as member to be tested; Be the entrance function and the export function of the appointment of routing management member; Two function names are inserted component testing go into mouth template, generate test access program entrance.c, and be saved under the forTest file;
4. generate the makefile file,
So far, under the forTest file, preserved the input.c that generates by step 1, output.c, file; By the entrance.c file that step 3 generates, the source code of routing management member is kept under the file that is called component (deposit position of member to be tested), will copy at the source code of the routing management member under the component file under the forTest file; Read the forTest folder information, obtain the information of All Files under the forTest file, these information comprise file input.c; Input.h, output.c, output.h; Entrance.c and routing management member source file extract the title of all .c files, with the title of shell script according to the .c file that extracts; Generate the makefile file, in the process that generates the makefile file, the XML that needs once more the read test personnel to provide; Seek the content of key word lib back, add special storehouse in compile time if desired, then behind key word lib, specify; CSV is then used in a plurality of if desired storehouses, in the routing management member; Need add the pthread storehouse in compile time,, generate the makefile file that compile time adds the compiling of pthread storehouse so specified bank is called pthread behind key word lib;
5. generate the test case executive routine and obtain test result,
Operation makefile, compiling file generates the test procedure to the routing management member, is substituted into current process, and carries out test procedure, observes the test result that provides;
So just accomplished automatic test to the routing management member;
Under the software component environment of the network equipment,, realize according to following design procedure to the automatic test of member:
Step (1), the structure ATL
Because under the software component environment of the network equipment; Skin realizing member function section code has been realized one deck encapsulation to member; Several well-known interfaces are provided, and this layer is encapsulated as with the socket mode and realizes, and accomplished on this basis between member alternately; So the interface type of member can reduce the type that realizes encapsulation
Step (1.1), the structure candidate template,
Owing to, used the mode of well-known interface at the skin of realizing member function section code, adopts mutual form between several kinds of limited members accomplished member alternately, so can be with these several kinds of interactive forms as candidate template,
Step (1.2), structure template variable,
To each template, wherein argument section extracts, and renames; Make parameter name unique in template; And write template again as the template variable, the template variable in each template is saved in the new file, with the XML that is used for providing according to the user; Control is filled in the template variable
Step (1.3) is named and is deposited,
Candidate template is saved under the file of template by name, and with corresponding each template, the file designation of preserving the template variable is template name _ fillin, and is corresponding to be used for template, be saved under the fillin file,
Step (2) generates test input and test output,
Skin realizing member function section code has been realized one deck encapsulation to member; Several well-known interfaces are provided, and this layer is encapsulated as with the socket mode and realizes, and accomplished on this basis between member alternately; So the interface type of member can reduce the type that realizes encapsulation
Step (2.1) generates the test input code,
In this step, the tester need be directed against member to be tested, XML is provided, in XML; Content under key word input is the tester to this member, and the content that in this step, provides is behind the input key word; Continue to provide several key words, be respectively template_in, lib; Inlet, fillin_in. wherein template_in key word specify the template that will fill in, and the lib key word specifies in the library file that compile time need add; The title of member incoming interface to be tested specified in the inlet key word, and the fillin_in key word indicates it, and content is for inserting the content of template parameter in template down, and the form of concrete fill substance is according to the template name that will the fill in decision of template_in appointment; All templates are kept under the fillin_in file, for procedure Selection, generate the test loading routine and read these key words and subsequent content; Take this to select template corresponding, and fill in template variable wherein, finally generate the input.c file; This file is saved in the input.c file under the forTest file for the test input code
Step (2.2) generates the test output code,
In this step, the tester need be directed against member to be tested, and XML is provided; In XML, the content under key word output is the tester to this member, the content that in this step, provides; Under the output key word, continue to provide several key words, be respectively template_out; Outlet; Fllin_out. wherein the outlet key word indicates the title of member to be tested, and the template_out key word indicates the template name that will fill in template, and the fillin_out key word indicates the parameter of content for filling in output template under it.Specifically how the same input text appropriate section content of filling in of filling method is identical, finally generates the output.c file, and this file is saved in the output.c file under the forTest file for the test output code,
Step (3) is carried out the contrast of result and desired output,
In this step, will carry out result's contrast in two ways,
Step (3.1) contains the result key word in the XML that the tester provides,
In this mode, expect that to the automated testing method of member the tester provides given input and the corresponding output result of input data, and both are compared,
Step (3.1.1) obtains the desired output that the user provides,
The tester provides XML, in XML to member to be tested; Tester's input data are provided in the content under the input key word; In the content under the result key word, the desired output data that provide corresponding to the input data are provided, read this desired output data; And be saved in the file of giveresult by name under the resultfile file
Step (3.1.2) obtains true output result,
The input data that tester under the key word input is provided; Import member to be tested into through the test input code; Through the logic of member to be tested, store in the buffer zone of test output, read the content of buffer zone; The result is saved in the file of testresult by name under the resultfile file
Step (3.1.3), contrast test result and expected result,
Desired output result that the tester is provided and true output result are kept at respectively in two containers, the content in two containers are compared, if the content in two containers is identical; Explain that then the desired output that true output result and tester provide comes to the same thing; Member is described through test, if the content in two containers is incomplete same, then the desired output result that provides of explanation true output result and tester is inequality; Explain that member is not through test
Step (3.2) does not contain the result key word in the XML that the tester provides,
In this mode, the tester does not provide the test loading routine, does not provide the test written-out program yet; When in the XML that the tester provides, not containing the result key word, read the structure definition of the reception data of the member to be tested among the XML, according to type of variables in the structure; Produce a series of test data at random, import these test datas into the routing management member through the test input code, through the logic of routing management member; Through the test output code, finally obtain the result, the test data that produces is at random returned to the tester simultaneously with the corresponding result who obtains; Supply the tester to infer that voluntarily whether test pass through
Step (4) generates the test access program,
In this step, the XML that needs again the read test personnel to provide finds key word inlet behind the input key word; Confirm the entrance function name of parameter member to be tested by name thereafter, behind the output key word, find key word outlet, confirm the export function name of parameter member to be tested by name thereafter; Search the component file that member to be tested is deposited; Read .h filename wherein, join among the #include " ... " of entrance function template, be added into entrance function name and export function name in the template variable of test access template; Generation test access program entrance.c. also is saved under the forTest file
Step (5) generates the makefile file,
In this step, will be the test input code of step 2 generation, the test output code, the result that step 3 produces contrasts code, and test access program code and member source code to be tested that step 4 produces make up, and are that their generate makefile file,
Step (5.1), copying all needs file to the forTest file,
In this step; The test input code that step 2 produces; The test output code, the result who produces with step 3 compares the test access program code that code and step 4 generate and all has been saved under the forTest file, and what also need copy is merely piece code to be tested; Piece code to be tested is copied under the forTest file under the component file
Step (5.2) obtains * .c source file titles all under the file to be tested,
Before carrying out this step, all codes that need compile have been guaranteed under the forTest file, to have deposited by step 5.1.Read folder information, obtain the title of All Files under this file.The title of extracting and preserving all * .c files in chained list,
Step (5.3) generates makefile automatically according to the source file title that obtains,
According to the form of makefile, the content according in the chained list of preserving in the step 5.2 generates this process of makefile. automatically and is accomplished by the shell script; In the process that generates makefile,, can in the XML that provides, specify the storehouse that will add again with key word lib if the tester need add specific storehouse in compilation process; Read the related content behind the lib among the XML; Can understand the special requirement in the compilation process, accomplish the work of writing of makefile automatically
Step (6) generates the test case run time version,
Be utilized in the makefile file that generates in the step 5, carry out make, generate the test case executable program, replacement current process, implementation of test cases program.Completion will be tested the input data through the test input code, carry out member logic to be tested, through the test output code; Be saved in the process in the test output buffer,, then compare given test output and actual test output result if in the XML that the tester provides, contain the result key word; Provide the prompting whether test is passed through,, then provide test input data and test output data if do not contain the result key word; Let the tester judge the output result voluntarily
So far, accomplished the automatic test approach to member, the process of test member utilized.

Claims (1)

1. to the automated testing method of software component, it is characterized in that, is a kind ofly in reconfigurable router, with an automatic test module route management component to be carried out the method for automatic test, and step is following:
Step (1), the structure ATL,
This ATL contains to be useful on to routing management member to be tested to be imported the routing protocol component candidate template of routing iinformation and is used to receive the routing forwarding member candidate template through the screening routing iinformation that routing management member to be tested is exported; Hereinafter to be referred as input candidate template and output candidate template, step is following:
Step (1.1), the structure candidate template,
According to going up limited several kinds of component interactive forms between routing protocol component and the routing management member to be tested and according to outer separately encapsulation between said routing management member to be tested and the routing forwarding member; The abstract functional based method that turns to; As each self-corresponding candidate template
Step (1.2), structure template variable,
Extract the parameter in each said candidate template; After renaming, make said parameter in this candidate template, have uniqueness, and write in the said candidate template as template parameter; And preserve so that the extensible macro language XML text that provides by the user; Hereinafter to be referred as the XML text, with control filling in to the template variable
Step (1.3) is kept at the candidate template of step (1.2) under the file template, and template variable that should candidate template is kept among the file template title fillin,
Step (2) generates test input code and test output code,
Step (2.1) generates the test of test input code,
The tester after preservation, generates the test input code to the XML file of automatic test template input to said routing management member to be tested,
Step (2.1.1) obtains being used to generate the input file part that contains key word input and rear section thereof of testing input code from said XML file, and this its rear section comprises key word template_in; Lib, inlet and fillin_in, wherein; This key word template_in specifies the input candidate template that will write, and is called for short input template, and this key word lib specifies in the library file that needs extra interpolation when generating; This key word inlet specifies the access port of this routing management member to be measured; This key word fillin_in indicates the template parameter that will in this input template, insert, and form is decided by the input template of this key word template_in appointment
Step (2.1.2) reads the full content of said input file part with the test loading routine, from said ATL, reads corresponding input candidate template; Fill in the template variable; The input.c file that formation is used as the test input code is saved in the forTest file
Step (2.2) generates the test output code,
Step (2.2.1); The said method of (2.1) and step (2.1.1) generates the output file part of test output code set by step, and said output file part comprises key word output and rear section thereof, and this its rear section comprises key word template_out; Outlet and fillin_out; Wherein, key word template_out indicates the output candidate template that will fill in, and key word outlet indicates the interface of said routing management member to be tested; Key word fillin_out indicates the parameter of the output candidate template that will fill in
Step (2.2.2); Read the full content of said output file part with the test written-out program; From said ATL, select corresponding output candidate template, fill in template parameter formation output.c file and be kept in the said forTest file as the test output code
Step (3) judges whether to contain key word result from said XML file, compares with the expectation test result to carry out test result,
Step (3.1) if key word result is arranged, then arrives (3.1.3) according to step (3.1.1),
Step (3.1.1) obtains the expectation test result of appointment from the content of said key word result, and is saved among the file giveresult under the file resultfile,
Step (3.1.2); Be input to the input test code in the routing management member to be tested, after screening, being stored in the built-in impact damper with the test result in the described test output code; Be saved among the file testresult under the said file resultfile
Step (3.1.3) compares said test result and expectation test result,
If: both are identical, then through test,
If: both are different, then judge not through test,
Step (3.2); If no key word result in the said XML file; Then read routing management member to be tested described in this XML file and receive the type of variables in the structure in the data, send in the said routing management member to be tested, obtain test result through said test output code; Return said tester to a series of test input parameters and corresponding test result simultaneously then
Step (4) generates the test access program,
According to described XML, confirm the entrance function name and the export function name of routing management member to be tested, search the component file that member to be tested is deposited; Read .h filename wherein; Join in the template, generation test access program entrance.c also is saved under the forTest file
Step (5) generates the makefile file,
The test input code that has obtained, the test output code, test result contrast code, the source code of routing management member to be tested makes up described in the code of test access program and the component file, generates the makefile file,
Step (5.1) copies All Files in the step (5) under the said file forTest to,
Step (5.2), the input.c in the read step (5.1), output.c and entrance.c file, and preserve in the chained list,
Step (5.3), from the said XML file of input, judge the content behind the said key word lib:
Step (5.3.1), if: be empty behind the key word lib, then with the title execute file makefile of shell control according to each the .c file described in the step (5.2),
Step (5.3.2), if: be non-NULL behind the key word lib, and be the pthread storehouse, add this pthread storehouse in compile time,
Step (6), the file makefile according to step (5.3) forms generates the test procedure to said routing management member to be tested, carries out and observe the test result that provides.
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