CN101948957B

CN101948957B - Vacuum distillation method for magnesium alloy

Info

Publication number: CN101948957B
Application number: CN2010105057991A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢旭波
Original assignee: NINGBO XIANGBO MACHINERY CO Ltd
Current assignee: NINGBO XIANGBO MACHINERY CO Ltd
Priority date: 2010-10-14
Filing date: 2010-10-14
Publication date: 2012-07-04
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-14
Also published as: CN101948957A

Abstract

The invention discloses a vacuum distillation method for magnesium alloy. Waste scraps of the magnesium alloy are distilled under the vacuum degree of 0.8Pa so as to recycle high-risk waste magnesium, wherein the distillation temperature is 580 DEG C, the condensing temperature is 330 DEG C and the distillation time is 6 hours. The vacuum distillation method has the advantages of simple production process, high recovery rate of magnesium alloy, economy, feasibility, relatively low energy consumption, completely green metallurgy and great conservation of social wealth and resources and is environment-friendly, and a product has qualified performance. Therefore, the vacuum distillation method has wide application prospect and high application value.

Description

A kind of vacuum distilling method of magnesiumalloy

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of vacuum distilling method of magnesiumalloy, adopt vacuum distilling specifically to recycle the method for discarded magnesiumalloy.

Background technology

Magnesiumalloy is the lightest commercial structural metallic materials, has that proportion is little, specific tenacity and an advantage such as specific rigidity is high, damping and amortization and thermal conductivity are good.In recent years, magnesium alloy materials is used widely at space flight and aviation, automobile making and electronic applications, and the consequent is that magnesium alloy waste material is also increasing.The generation of magnesium and magnesium alloy waste material is not only in the process of manufacture from product, and when magnesium-alloy material reaches its life cycle, also can produce a large amount of waste materials.

At present, the recovery method for these magnesium alloy waste materials mainly adopts flux-refining method and no flux-refining method or the like.Yet the high-risk useless magnesium such as magnesium powder and smear metal that add generation for the polishing of die casting overlap, foundry goods and machine adopt the method for remelting to reclaim and often have very big potential safety hazard, and it is not good to reclaim the use properties of goods yet.To the problems referred to above, people such as the Sun Jiyun of University Of Chongqing intend the method that adopts vacuum distilling, and the high-risk reclamation of waste materials of magnesiumalloy is studied.Consume energy low and environment friendly and pollution-free simply, relatively though vacuum distillation method is a kind of Production Flow Chart; Satisfy the requirement of green metallurgical; Yet its research only is confined to the analysis of feasibility in theory and the aspects such as robotization control of equipment, the distillation of magnesiumalloy is not reclaimed and makes the research of practicality.Simultaneously, purify for the distillation of magnesiumalloy, condensing temperature is high more, and the purity of magnesiumalloy will be high more, will lack more but the consequent is a condensing amount (also being yield), and this obviously is the contradiction place of this technological direction practical application of restriction.And, if improve condensing temperature simply, will cause the mass consumption of energy for the recovery purity of simple raising magnesiumalloy, cause the increase of cost recovery.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide the vacuum distilling recovery method of the magnesium of a kind of cost economy and practical,, make simultaneously and reclaim performance of products and satisfy and use and to accept with the high-risk useless magnesium of acceptable terms recover economically.

For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: at first distill the early-stage preparations step; The discarded smear metal of magnesiumalloy is inserted in the heater block of vacuum distillation plant; Above heater block, place the filtering net that is used to that retort gas is passed through and stops crumb powder pollution regenerant then, above filtering net, place the condensing parts that are used for the condensing and recycling retort gas afterwards; Carry out the vacuum distilling step after the preparation step; Adopt vacuum pump to carry out vacuum exhaust; Make the vacuum tightness of water distilling apparatus reach about 0.6-1Pa, open heating unit heating heater block and condensing parts, make the temperature of heater block remain on 550-600 ℃; The temperature of condensing parts remains on 320-340 ℃, continues vacuum distilling 5-6 hour; After vacuum distilling finishes, take out condensing magnesium regenerant through cooling.

Wherein, for being convenient to retort gas smoothly through effectively stoping crumb powder to pollute regenerant simultaneously, the aperture of filtering net is 700-800 μ m, preferred 750 μ m.

Wherein, the preferred 0.8Pa of distillatory vacuum tightness, preferred 580 ℃ of the temperature of heater block, preferred 330 ℃ of the temperature of condensing parts, preferred 6 hours of distillation time, proof has more excellent recovering effect under this condition.

Wherein, the inner chamber of condensing parts has definite shape (like cylindrical, cuboid etc.) and size, is convenient to processing so that the magnesium regenerant directly becomes base use; Simultaneously, as required, condensing parts can be one or more.

Below further set forth the present invention and can be implemented in the high-risk useless magnesium of acceptable terms recover economically why, make simultaneously and reclaim performance of products and satisfy and use and can accept.At first, the present invention is not to be purpose to obtain pure magnesium.Data by table 1 provides can see that the numerical value difference of magnesium and zinc is little, and zinc is incited somebody to action earlier and the magnesium distillation, thereby very easily sneak into the magnesium regenerant.Though can reduce sneaking into of zinc, say that like the front yield will reduce and increase cost recovery simultaneously through the rising condensing temperature.Therefore, the inventor is a purpose with magnesium and the zinc element that reclaims simultaneously in the magnesiumalloy without hesitation, and attempting obtaining with magnesium and zinc is the main regenerant of forming; And select suitable processing parameter, obtained performance available magnesium regenerant is found through test; Regenerant by magnesium and zinc are formed is compared with pure magnesium; Though unit elongation descends to some extent, intensity, solidity to corrosion are more or less the same, and can replace pure magnesium to use fully.

Advantage of the present invention is: Production Flow Chart is simple and recovery magnesiumalloy is high; Economically feasible, performance is qualified; Power consumption is low and environment friendly and pollution-free relatively, is green metallurgical fully; Save the wealth of society and resource greatly.Therefore, the present invention is with a wide range of applications and using value.

Table 1.

Embodiment

Below, through concrete embodiment the present invention is elaborated.

Embodiment 1.

Fig. 1 is the water distilling apparatus major parts synoptic diagram that the present invention reclaims usefulness.

At first distill the early-stage preparations step; The discarded smear metal of AZ31 magnesiumalloy (alloying constituent is seen table 2) is inserted in the heater block of vacuum distillation plant; Above heater block, place then and be used to that retort gas is passed through and stop crumb powder to pollute the filtering net of regenerant; The filtering net aperture is 750 μ m, above filtering net, places the condensing parts that are used for the condensing and recycling retort gas afterwards, and condensing parts have the cylindrical cavity that diameter is 50mm; Carry out the vacuum distilling step after the preparation step; Adopt vacuum pump to carry out vacuum exhaust; Make the vacuum tightness of water distilling apparatus reach about 0.8Pa, open heating unit heating heater block and condensing parts, make the temperature of heater block remain on 580 ℃; The temperature of condensing parts remains on 330 ℃, continues vacuum distilling 6 hours; After vacuum distilling finishes, take out condensing magnesium regenerant (the regenerant composition is seen table 2) through cooling.

Be 95% (being quality * 100% of the discarded smear metal of quality/magnesium of condensing magnesium regenerant) through the recovery of calculating magnesiumalloy, approaching with the theoretical limit recovery 9,7%0 minute.

Table 2.

Zn

Al

Mn

Fe

Ni

Cu

Mg

AZ31

0.76

3.0

0.25

0.0045

0.0001

0.0017

Surplus

Regenerant

1.0

＜0.0001

0.0003

0.0002

＜0.0001

Surplus

Utilize the vertical-type extrusion machine to carry out extrusion processing the material base of regenerant, extrusion temperature is 380 ℃, and extrusion speed is 0.5mm/s, and extrusion ratio is 100.

To push the sample that the back regenerant is processed into 0.7 * 28 * 50mm; Carry out the erosion resistance test in 5%NaCl solution, soaking 168h under the room temperature condition; Control sample is pure magnesium of 4N (being that purity is 99.99%) and AZ31 magnesiumalloy, and the erosion rate test result is seen table 3.It is thus clear that sneak into 1% zinc the erosion resistance of magnesium is not produced detrimentally affect.

Table 3.

	Regenerant	The pure magnesium of 4N	AZ31
				Erosion rate (mm/y)	0.60	0.45	2.00

With pushing the sample that the back regenerant is processed into thick 0.7mm, wide 5mm, parallel length 22mm, under room temperature, carry out tension test, the initial strain rate is 3.7 * 10 ^-4/ s records tensile strength and unit elongation is seen table 4.Thus it is clear that, sneak into the tensile strength that 1% zinc has improved magnesium, and that unit elongation reduces is not remarkable.

Table 4.

	Tensile strength (MPa)	Unit elongation (%)
			The pure magnesium of 4N	?150MPa	14％
Regenerant	?200MPa	11％

Claims

1. the vacuum distilling method of a magnesiumalloy; It may further comprise the steps: at first distill the early-stage preparations step; The discarded smear metal of magnesiumalloy is inserted in the heater block of vacuum distillation plant; Above heater block, place the filtering net that is used to that retort gas is passed through and stops crumb powder pollution regenerant then, above filtering net, place the condensing parts that are used for the condensing and recycling retort gas afterwards; Carry out the vacuum distilling step after the preparation step; Adopt vacuum pump to carry out vacuum exhaust; Make the vacuum tightness of water distilling apparatus reach 0.6-1Pa, open heating unit and heat heater block and condensing parts respectively, make the temperature of heater block remain on 550-600 ℃; The temperature of condensing parts remains on 320-340 ℃, continues vacuum distilling 5-6 hour; After vacuum distilling finishes, take out condensing magnesium regenerant through cooling.

2. the vacuum distilling method of a kind of magnesiumalloy according to claim 1, wherein distillatory vacuum tightness is 0.8Pa, and the temperature of heater block remains on 580 ℃, and the temperature of condensing parts remains on 330 ℃, and distillation time is 6 hours.

3. the vacuum distilling method of a kind of magnesiumalloy according to claim 1 and 2, the aperture of wherein said filtering net is 700-800 μ m.

4. the vacuum distilling method of a kind of magnesiumalloy according to claim 3, the aperture of wherein said filtering net is 750 μ m.

5. the vacuum distilling method of a kind of magnesiumalloy according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the inner chamber of condensing parts is cylindrical or cuboid.

6. the vacuum distilling method of a kind of magnesiumalloy according to claim 1 and 2, wherein condensing parts are a plurality of.