CN101942140B - Wood plastic composite foaming material and forming process and equipment thereof - Google Patents
Wood plastic composite foaming material and forming process and equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101942140B CN101942140B CN201010504170A CN201010504170A CN101942140B CN 101942140 B CN101942140 B CN 101942140B CN 201010504170 A CN201010504170 A CN 201010504170A CN 201010504170 A CN201010504170 A CN 201010504170A CN 101942140 B CN101942140 B CN 101942140B
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Images
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- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Molding Of Porous Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a wood plastic composite foaming material and a forming process and forming equipment thereof. The diameters of foam holes of the wood plastic composite foaming material are 0.01 to 5 millimeters; and the main component of the material is a mixture of thermoplastic plastic and plant fiber powder, or a mixture of thermoplastic plastic, starch and plant fiber powder, or a mixture of thermoplastic plastic, rubber powder and plant fiber powder. The invention also relates to the forming process and the forming equipment for the wood plastic composite foaming material. The wood plastic composite foaming material has the advantages of low density, high strength and low production cost, is suitable to be used as a packing material for various commodities, a buffering member for various devices, an elastic member of a product such as a sofa, a mattress, a sole and the like and a structural component of a household electric appliance, and is used for replacing wood for manufacturing floors, handrails, doors and windows, resting chairs used in gardens and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of foam material and moulding process thereof and equipment, especially relate to a kind of wood and mould composite foam material and moulding process and equipment.
Background technology
It is to develop very fast new generation of green environmental protection class material recently in the world that wood is moulded composite foam material; Its raw materials for production are mainly natural plant fibre, thermoplastics (comprise various reprocessed plastic(s), plastic raw materials with) or starch, and relevant properties-correcting agent and processing aid.It is a kind of lightweight, high buffering and resilient material.This material is with respect to pure plastics, and the natural degradation ratio improves, and material cost descends, and a lot of performances are enhanced, and become a kind of Dai Mudai plastic material of widely paying close attention to, and have obtained widespread use in the world.
Mould in the composite foam material extrusion technology at wood, be divided into hot runner traction method and cold runner extrusion method by the moulding method.The matrix material xylon content that hot runner traction method is processed is lower, and material viscosity is less relatively, and type embryo intensity is higher, often follows foaming, and similar thermoplastics processing specifically can be divided into single stage method and two-step approach again.The cold flow Dow process is to extrude fully plastifying material by forcing machine; In the shaping area of flow channel quenching fixed after, melt pressure increases, and forms the accumulation of greater density in the runner before screw rod; Embryonic type is like the solid plug shape, and finally the mode with positive-displacement is ejected moulding.
Wood plastic composite and other pure plastic material and other plastics composite compare, and character has very big difference.At first, wood contains large quantity of moisture and very difficult complete drying in (plant) fiber usually, also is easy under the high temperature reunite, decomposition and charing; Secondly, in the whole machining process process, the vegetable fibre part all is to exist and can not melt with solid-state form, and this state has brought very big difficulty for the orientation and the dispersion of vegetable fibre in melt.This just requires: one will have the positive feed device to guarantee vegetable fibre and the consistence of plastic melt on blending ratio, guarantees the homogeneity on material nacrostructure and the physico-chemical property; Two will have the good temperature hierarchy of control, make vegetable fibre in the machine-shaping process, not take place to decompose and carbonization; Three will have good exhaust system, to guarantee the material internal pore-free; Four will have bigger screw rod and barrel length-to-diameter ratio, make fiber and plastic melt carry out the thorough mixing orientation to guarantee time enough.
Therefore, at present, the extrusion equipment that uses of wood plastic composite both at home and abroad, the popular conical screw extruder owing to mainly being that extrusion moulding for the PVC plastics designs, extremely is not suitable for the extrusion moulding of wood plastic composite.
CN101545300A discloses a kind of wood of filled with foaming material inside and has moulded plate and preparation method thereof, and empty end capped wood was moulded plate as shell in it utilized, to pouring into general foam material to form novel foaming structure therebetween; This materials processed is inconvenient; It is unreliable to foam, and the effect that the power that foaming produces is moulded coverboard to the wood of its outside is easy to make material monolithic to deform, and dimensional stability is difficult to controlled; Be difficult to realize full-automatic high-speed production, this material can not complete biodegradable simultaneously.
CN101015951A discloses a kind of extrusion molding apparatus that wood plastic composite is produced that is specifically designed to that is the stepped appearance layout by two extruders; Wherein the first rank forcing machine is parallel parallel dual-screw extruding machine; Effect is exhaust; Second rank are the reverse twin screw extruder of taper, and its effect is that supercharging is extruded.This method has been improved the quality product of wood plastic composite to a certain extent, but xylon just mixes when still being solid-state at plastics, in the further melting process of plastics; The mobile restriction that receive original state of xylon in melt is difficult to fully disperseed, and the xylon charging is unreliable simultaneously; The time of xylon in extrusion is oversize, and temperature is too high, charing degraded easily; Product is foaming not, fully biological degradation of product.
CN100563999C discloses a kind of conical double screw extruder special for wood plastic composite material, and the conical double-screw that it adopted has mixing section, and machine barrel and screw slenderness ratio are greater than 30 simultaneously; And on machine barrel, only be provided with a venting hole, this device make the fused plastic wraps before the venting port heating wood powder and mix, but this device has only loaded a screw rod vertically downward in reinforced bin location; And not improving the cutting stock problems that are difficult to of fiber, said forcing machine can not guarantee the homodisperse of fiber in melt, xylon overstand in this equipment simultaneously; Temperature is too high; Charing easily, product does not have foaming, not environmental protection; Equipment energy consumption is high, complicated operation.
CN2650971Y discloses a kind of wooden forcing machine of moulding, and has adopted horizontal vertical two screw rods, and horizontal screw rod plays plastification; And on vertical screw rod, added a mixing tube, and loaded rolling bearing therebetween again, increased the melting effect of Wood plastic composite; But fundamentally do not solve the xylon feeding and mould the problem that wooden compound system is stablized blending ratio, the fiber feed difficulty, fiber is overstand in equipment; Charing easily, fiber dispersion weak effect, equipment do not have the foaming unit.
The Chinese utility model patent of CN201399887Y discloses a kind of wood plastic composite shaper that is 20-100 degree layout by horizontal screw rod and vertical screw rod angle; Wherein horizontal screw rod is single screw rod; Be used for the plasticizing of thermoplastics; Vertical screw rod is a conical double-screw, the blend of being responsible for wood plastic composite with plasticate.Can find out from its Figure of description; It does not consider the link position between horizontal vertical two forcing machines; And for the blend of xylon and thermoplastics, the molten state of superpolymer is very big to the influence on its blend opportunity, does not solve the problem of fiber feed difficulty and the easy charing of fiber equally; Equipment does not have the foaming unit, fully biological degradation of product.
CN2925844Y discloses a kind of twin screw extruder of fibre reinforced thermoplasticity plastics; Its feed location with fiber be arranged on twin screw plastics fluxing zone preceding half section to optimize fiber and plastic substrate mixed effect; But, optimize effect thereby be difficult to confirm it owing to the feed way of fiber is not set forth in detail.Because at the fluxing zone of plastics, superpolymer material internal pressure is quite big, and fibre material is difficult to get in the plastic melt and goes the blend weak effect of fiber and plastics, the easy charing of fiber, and the acomia sodden unit of equipment.
In vegetable fibre and the reinforced process of thermoplastics, get into screw rod if from hopper, add simultaneously and extrude, fiber regular meeting scatters because of the intensive mechanical effect and forms a ball of string in mixing process so, makes raw materials mix uneven, influences quality product; Simultaneously, this feed way also is easy to cause the obstruction of feed system very only stuck, influences the whole process of product processing.
CN201419503 discloses a kind of forcing machine device magazine attachment; This device has loaded a Reducing screw whisking appliance in hopper; The main effect of said Reducing screw whisking appliance is that the bulk shape material that is difficult to blanking is carried out spiral conveying, and its shortcoming shows that such material (mainly referring to fiber) is difficult at the spout place and carries out feeding under the action of gravity.
CN201049512 discloses a kind of short glass fiber feeding device, and it has added periodic vibration in the reinforced process of feed bin, and is evenly reinforced to realize, but for the little vegetable fibre of density, this feed way still can not solve even cutting stock problems.
CN1064059C discloses a kind of structure, method for making and production unit thereof of fibre reinforced thermoplasticity plastics; Fiber mainly adopts spun glass, thomel and composition thereof; The combing effect of said equipment utilization machine barrel or screw rod irregular surface and place one or more between extruder screw front end and the die head to install with latticed form at least and part is that the helical that the pressing plate of wedge-shaped cross-section is controlled combing degree, staple length and the mixed melt of thermoplastic resin masterbatch fortifying fibre flows; It is too high to technical requirements that this controlling fiber size and fiber and thermoplastic resin mix degree methods; The particularly processing of machine barrel and screw surface structure; The apparatus processing cost is too high, and the problem of fiber feed difficulty does not solve simultaneously, and equipment does not have the foaming unit.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve the above-mentioned defective that existing wood plastic composite and process for processing molding device thereof exist; A kind of applied range is provided; Quality product is high; Biodegradability is good, and the reliable wood of process for processing molding device is moulded composite foam material and production technique and molding device.
The present invention's wood is moulded composite foam material, and its cell diameter is that (preferred 0.2 ~ 1mm), thickness confirms that by actual request for utilization general thickness is 1 ~ 10mm to 0.01mm ~ 5mm; The material staple is the blend of thermoplastics and vegetable fibre powder; Or the blend of thermoplastics and starch and vegetable fibre powder; Or the blend of thermoplastics, rubber powder, vegetable fibre powder; The content of said vegetable fibre powder is 10wt%-95wt%, and vegetable fibre powder particle diameter is the 10-1000 order; Starch content is 0-80 wt%, and particle diameter is the 100-2000 order; Rubber powder content is 0wt%-80wt%, and surplus is thermoplastics.
Said thermoplastics can be the above-mentioned plastics of Vilaterm (PE), Vestolen PP 7052 (PP), PS (PS), SE (PVC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), nylon (PA), styrene/butadiene/styrene block copolymers interchangeable heat thermoplastic plastics such as (SBS) or reclaiming.
Said vegetable fibre can be the crushed material of natural phant such as various paper pulp, wood powder, natural tangerine bar or waste paper etc.;
Said rubber powder can be powder or the rubber grain of being processed by the waste and used rubber tyre that reclaim in the field.
Said starch is native starch, is mainly W-Gum, wheat starch, sweet potato starch or sorghum starch etc.
The present invention's wood is moulded composite foam material and both can directly be used, and also can paste paper or uses such as other films, sheet material and sheet material on the foam material surface, to improve aesthetic property, printing, suitability and other various physical and chemical performances of product.Can carry out two-layer or MULTILAYER COMPOSITE with other paper or other films, sheet material and sheet material etc., concrete composite bed number is confirmed according to the actual requirements.
The present invention's wood is moulded composite foam material and is passed through blending and modifying by thermoplastics with vegetable fibre powder and relevant modified additive, adds whipping agent, is prepared from through extrusion moulding; Or by thermoplastics, starch, vegetable fibre powder and relevant modified additive through blending and modifying, add whipping agent, be prepared from through extrusion molding; Or by thermoplastics, rubber powder, vegetable fibre powder and relevant modified additive through blending and modifying, add whipping agent, be prepared from through extrusion moulding;
Said relevant modified additive comprises inhibitor, coupling agent, expanding material, helps coupling agent and modification initiator;
Said inhibitor can be antioxidant 1010, inhibitor 3114, antioxidant 1076 or 215 types and the efficient composite antioxidant of 225 types etc.; Its consumption is the 0.5-2wt% of said wood plastic composite gross weight;
Said coupling agent can be maleic anhydride, isocyanic ester, benzoyl chloride or silane coupling agent; The consumption of coupling agent is 0.5-10 wt% of vegetable fibre content;
Said expanding material is mainly non-reactive compatibilizer, mainly comprises hard ester acid, SEBS, SBS or various MAH grafting analog copolymer, and consumption is the 1-8wt%. of wood plastic composite gross weight
Said help coupling agent can be boric acid ester coupler (SB-618, SB-618T) or titanate coupling agent (TTS, TTOP-12), consumption is the 0.5-30% of coupling agent consumption
Said modification initiator can be ZnO or Pb
2O
3Deng, the modification initiator amount is the 0.1-3% of the total consumption of each properties-correcting agent.
Said whipping agent can be low-boiling point liquid whipping agent such as butane, pentane or dichlorofluoromethane etc., gas foaming agent such as CO
2, water vapor or air etc.; The solid blowing agent that adds in case of necessity can be (NH
4)
2CO
3, NaHCO
3, Cellmic C 121 or Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate etc.;
Concrete preparation moulding process may further comprise the steps:
(1) with mixture fusion plastification in screw extruder of inhibitor, expanding material, modification initiator and thermoplastics, forms melt or liquid, perhaps other similar colloids; The mixture melt or the liquid of thermoplastics that (2) step (1) is obtained and inhibitor, expanding material, modification initiator; Perhaps similar colloid, input blend extrusion screw rod section, simultaneously; To carry out vegetable fibre that surperficial immersion treatment crosses through forcing feeding device input blend extrusion screw rod section with helping coupling agent with coupling agent; Make thermoplastics and vegetable fibre in blend extrusion screw rod section, thorough mixing is even, and under the screw rod effect of extruding, is fed forward; End in blend extrusion screw rod section mixes with carrying the solid blowing agent (also can not add solid blowing agent) of coming in, and gets wood plastic composite; (3) step (2) gained wood plastic composite is conveyed into the pre-frothing tube, in the pre-frothing tube, the foaming of wood plastic composite and input is with gas or liquid (gas such as CO
2, water vapor or air, low-boiling point liquid such as butane, pentane or dichlorofluoromethane etc.) mix, form the pre-frothing body; (4) the pre-frothing body is extruded through blown foam die, and the wood that promptly gets the present invention is moulded composite foam material.
The present invention's wood is moulded the composite foam material molding device and is comprised thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device, vegetable fibre positive feed device, matrix material intermingling apparatus, gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage, pre-frothing tube and extrusion foaming die head.
According to the production technique needs, can also comprise solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage and/or facing device.
Said thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device link to each other with matrix material intermingling apparatus front end; And on a line; Constitute " yi word pattern single order foam shaping by extrusion equipment "; Perhaps thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device and matrix material intermingling apparatus are in a certain angle, constitute " tee T second order foam shaping by extrusion equipment ", and said angle angle is 10 ~ 180 degree; Vegetable fibre positive feed device also is connected with the matrix material intermingling apparatus; The solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage is installed at terminal 1 ~ 10 pitch place apart from the matrix material intermingling apparatus; The solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage links to each other with the matrix material intermingling apparatus through the solid blowing agent transfer lime; Solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage front end has venting hole, and the matrix material intermingling apparatus is terminal to be connected with pre-frothing tube one end through flange, and pre-frothing tube top is provided with gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage; Gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage communicate with pre-frothing tube inside through gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime; Be provided with whipping appts in the pre-frothing tube, the other end of pre-frothing tube is connected with the extrusion foaming die head, and facing device is positioned at the end of whole plant.
Angle angle between the thermoplastics of said tee T second order foam shaping by extrusion equipment or starch plasticizing extrusion device and the matrix material intermingling apparatus is 10 ~ 180 degree, preferred 90 degree.
Said thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device comprise thermoplastics or starch feeding device; Said thermoplastics or starch feeding device adopt the screw rod metering and conveying device; Thermoplastics or starch feeding device comprise plastics feeding drive-motor, speed reduction unit, stirring support and the quantitative conveying screw rod that is used to drive quantitative conveying screw rod; Quantitatively conveying screw rod links to each other with plastics feeding drive-motor through speed reduction unit; Speed reduction unit links to each other with the stirring support through transmission mechanism, and quantitatively the conveying screw rod right-hand member stretches into the head that connects material.
Said quantitative conveying screw rod can be 1 ~ 5, preferred 2 ~ 3.
The thermoplastics of said yi word pattern single order foam shaping by extrusion equipment or starch plasticizing extrusion device also comprise the leading portion and the leading portion that the barrel of multi-functional screw rod is housed of multi-functional screw rod; The quantitative conveying screw rod of thermoplastics or starch feeding device communicates with the barrel inside that multi-functional screw rod is housed through the head that connects material; Multi-functional screw rod can freely rotate in barrel; Multi-functional screw rod links to each other with motor through reduction box; Said thermoplastics or starch feeding device are located on the reduction box, and reduction box is located on the forcing machine base.
The preferred conical screw of said multi-functional screw rod, the bar number is 1 ~ 5, preferred 2 ~ 3.
The thermoplastics of said tee T second order foam shaping by extrusion equipment or starch plasticizing extrusion device also comprise plasticized screw and the barrel I of plasticized screw are housed; The quantitative conveying screw rod right-hand member of thermoplastics or starch feeding device stretches into the head that connects material; Thermoplastics or starch feeding device communicate with the barrel I inside that plasticized screw is housed through receiving hopper; Plasticized screw links to each other with the motor I through the reduction box I; Said thermoplastics or starch feeding device are located on the reduction box I, and the reduction box I is located on the forcing machine base.
Said vegetable fibre positive feed device adopts screw rod-pump housing positive feed device, and vegetable fibre positive feed device comprises drive-motor, wheel box, loading hopper, whisking appliance, feeding spiro rod, dehvery pump and dehvery pump shell, and said drive-motor is located on the bearing; Bearing is located on the barrel, and feeding spiro rod is located in the loading hopper, and drive-motor links to each other with feeding spiro rod through wheel box; Whisking appliance links to each other with feeding spiro rod through square spigot, and the whisking appliance sense of rotation is consistent with the feeding spiro rod sense of rotation, and the lobe numbers of whisking appliance is 1 ~ 16; The angle of edge tangential direction is 3 ~ 45 degree when the normal orientation of whisking appliance and its rotation, said feeding spiro rod for wait spiral groove depth reducing feeding spiro rod, become spiral groove depth reducing feeding spiro rod or etc. the isometrical feeding spiro rod of spiral groove depth, spiral groove depth is 0.5 ~ 10cm; Pitch is 1-10cm, and screw thread can adopt the equidistance design, also can adopt the varying pitch design; The ratio of adjacent pitch is 0.5-1.5, and said dehvery pump comprises gear or cam, and gear or cam place in the dehvery pump shell; The tooth root of gear is concordant with the screw channel of feeding spiro rod bottom; The number of teeth of gear is 1-40, and said dehvery pump shell adopts the figure six structure, and the path of cam is identical with footpath at the bottom of the feeding spiro rod; And big footpath is identical with the external diameter of feeding spiro rod, and cam path and feeding spiro rod screw channel end point are in same position.Like this, vegetable fibre can be forced under the dual function of whisking appliance, feeding spiro rod and pump body structure and extrude, and helps guaranteeing the stability of feeding, realizes the accurately quantitative of vegetable fibre pressure feeding.
Preferred 0.6 ~ the 3cm of the spiral groove depth of said feeding spiro rod, the preferred 2 ~ 5cm of pitch, the ratio preferred 0.6 ~ 1.2 of adjacent pitch.
Preferred 2 ~ 3 of the number of blade of said whisking appliance.
Preferred 3 ~ 9 of the number of teeth of said dehvery pump gear.
The matrix material intermingling apparatus of said yi word pattern single order foam shaping by extrusion equipment comprises multi-functional screw rod middle part and back segment, barrel middle part and back segment; The solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage is installed on apart from terminal 1 ~ 10 the pitch place of the barrel that multi-functional screw rod is housed; The solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage communicates with the barrel inside that multi-functional screw rod is housed through the solid blowing agent transfer lime; Vegetable fibre positive feed device is located at the barrel middle part that multi-functional screw rod is housed; And perpendicular to barrel and multi-functional screw rod; The discharge port of vegetable fibre positive feed device dehvery pump is connected with the barrel that multi-functional screw rod is housed through flange, and the end that the barrel of multi-functional screw rod is housed is connected with pre-frothing tube one end through flange.
The matrix material intermingling apparatus of said tee T second order foam shaping by extrusion equipment comprises the blend screw rod, the barrel II of blend screw rod is housed; The blend screw rod freely rotates in the barrel II; Blend screw rod bar number is for can be 1 ~ 5; The blend screw rod links to each other with the motor II through the reduction box II, and the reduction box II is located on the forcing machine base, and the barrel I of thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device links to each other with the barrel II that the blend screw rod is housed through flange; The solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage communicates with the barrel II inside that the blend screw rod is housed through the solid blowing agent transfer lime; The solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage is installed on apart from terminal 1～10 the pitch place of the barrel II that the blend screw rod is housed, and vegetable fibre positive feed device is located at barrel II middle part, and perpendicular to barrel II and blend screw rod; The discharge port of vegetable fibre positive feed device dehvery pump is connected with the barrel II that the blend screw rod is housed through flange, and the terminal flange that passes through of barrel II that the blend screw rod is housed is connected with pre-frothing tube one end;
The preferred conical screw of said blend screw rod, preferred 2 ~ 3 of bar number.
Said pre-frothing tube can be elliposoidal, sphere or type cylinder bodily form; The mid-way of pre-frothing tube is provided with gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime; Gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage are located at gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime top, and gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime pass pre-frothing tube barrel and stretch into pre-frothing tube inside, and it is the 0-50% (preferred 37.5%) of pre-frothing tube internal diameter that gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime stretch into the inner length of pre-frothing tube; The whipping appts of being located in the pre-frothing tube comprises the even sets stirrer shaft; Each stirrer shaft is symmetrically distributed in gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime both sides, and every stirrer shaft upper and lower is arranged with 1-10 whisking appliance, preferred 2; Stretch out outside the pre-frothing tube stirrer shaft lower end, and the stirrer shaft bottom is provided with the agitator motor that drives its rotation.
Said extrusion foaming die head center is provided with runner, and the cross section of flow passage entry is the straight rectangle that has chamfering, and chamfer angle is the 0-80 degree, preferred 45 degree, and the cross section at runner exit place is for being trumpet-shaped pyramidal structure, and cone angle is the 0-80 degree, preferred 30 degree.
Be provided with heating unit with the runner of the extrusion foaming die head corresponding die head outer wall that enters the mouth, and be embedded with refrigerating unit between the corresponding die head inner and outer wall of the runner exit of extrusion foaming die head.
Said heating unit can adopt aluminium matter well heater, and refrigerating unit can adopt traditional water cooling mode.
Said facing device comprises guide roller, contacts with guide roller and is affixed on material (like film, paper, sheet material), the calendering device on foaming product surface; Two calendering devices are located at the extruding groove both sides up and down that foaming product is housed; The extruding groove front end communicates with the runner exit of extrusion foaming die head; The material that is affixed on the foaming product surface places between calendering device and the extruding groove; Facing device the place ahead is provided with the adhesive applicating roller that places the extruding groove both sides, and the facing device rear is provided with the after-treatment device that places on the extruding groove.
Working process: thermoplastics or starch are sent into the screw front end of thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device by thermoplastics or starch feeding device, screw rod rotate shear and the barrel heat effect under, thermoplastics or starch fusion plastification become melt; Melt is fed forward under the rotary action of screw rod, gets into the matrix material intermingling apparatus, and even with the blending in of fibers of coming from the conveying of vegetable fibre positive feed device; And then (can there be solid blowing agent with carry the solid blowing agent blend come from the solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage yet; Decision according to actual needs), be conveyed into the pre-frothing tube then, and with the gas or the liquid blowing agent blend that come from the input of gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage; Matrix material blend fluid flow direction is vertical with stirrer shaft; Form the pre-frothing body, form foaming product through the extrusion foaming die head at last, if needed; This foaming product can be under the facing device effect; Carry out pad pasting, paper, sheet material etc. on its surface, perhaps carry out surface treatment, obtain required goods.
When the raw material that uses includes rubber powder, also the rubber powder feeding device should be arranged, the rubber powder feeding device is identical with thermoplastics or starch feeding device structure.
The present invention's wood is moulded composite foam material, and density is little, and intensity is high, the matrix material that particularly adopts pre-frothing method, continuously shaped method and produce with other sheet material composite molding method, and production cost is low, and purposes is wider, is a kind of novel energy-saving environment-friendly material.Applicable to the packing of commodity such as electrical equipment, machinery, toy, clothes and food, can replace materials such as traditional corrugated cardboard, honeycomb cardboard, wooden case, wooden block dish, EPE, EPS, bipeltate; Be applicable to the buffer shock-absorbing member of making automobile, track traffic equipment and space flight and aviation etc.; Be applicable to the resilient material of making sofa, tables and chairs, mattress, sole etc.; Be applicable to structural parts such as refrigerator, washing machine, televisor, computer, replace traditional plastic parts, reduce material usage; Be applicable to resting chair, floor, railing, door and window of gardens, house decoration etc. etc., replacing wood; And other as various tubing, sheet material, sheet material, section bar, film etc. extrude, injection moulding and blow-molded article.
The present invention's wood is moulded the composite foam material molding device, and is reliable, and fiber feed is smooth and easy, is difficult for stopping up; Help improving the problem that fiber is difficult to blanking, can fundamentally solve the fiber feeding and mould the problem that wooden compound system is stablized blending ratio, guarantee fiber homodisperse in melt, the time of fiber in extrusion is shorter; Temperature is suitable, is difficult for by charing, and environmental protection, equipment energy consumption is low; Easy to operate, high efficiency is moulded composite foam material with the wood of its production, and quality product is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a is that foaming wood-plastic matrix material of the present invention reaches and the compound example structure synoptic diagram of other sheet material;
Fig. 1 b is that foaming wood-plastic matrix material of the present invention reaches and compound another example structure synoptic diagram of other sheet material;
Fig. 2 is a yi word pattern single order foam shaping by extrusion device structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a tee T second order foam shaping by extrusion device structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is a tee T second order foam shaping by extrusion equipment left view shown in Figure 3;
Fig. 5 tee T second order foam shaping by extrusion equipment vertical view;
Fig. 6 a is spiral groove depth reducing feeding spiro rod structural representations such as vegetable fibre positive feed device of the present invention;
Fig. 6 b is that vegetable fibre positive feed device of the present invention becomes spiral groove depth reducing feeding spiro rod structural representation;
Fig. 6 c is the isometrical feeding spiro rod structural representations of spiral groove depth such as vegetable fibre positive feed device of the present invention;
Fig. 7 a is the pump body structure synoptic diagram that vegetable fibre positive feed device embodiment of the present invention adopts cam;
Fig. 7 b is the pump body structure synoptic diagram that vegetable fibre positive feed device embodiment of the present invention adopts gear;
Fig. 8 a is an elliposoidal pre-frothing barrel structure synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 8 b is the spherical pre-frothing barrel structure of a present invention synoptic diagram;
Fig. 8 c is a class cylinder bodily form pre-frothing barrel structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further, but these embodiment must not be used to explain the restriction to protection domain of the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 2; Present embodiment is that a kind of in-line single order wood is moulded the composite foam material molding device, comprises thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device 51, vegetable fibre positive feed device 3, matrix material intermingling apparatus, solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage 25, gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage 28, pre-frothing tube 26, extrusion foaming die head 52, facing device 53;
Said thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device 51 link to each other with matrix material intermingling apparatus front end, and on a line, are called " yi word pattern single order foam shaping by extrusion equipment ", and vegetable fibre positive feed device 3 also is connected with the matrix material intermingling apparatus; Solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage 25 is installed at terminal 5 pitch places apart from the matrix material intermingling apparatus; Solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage 25 links to each other with the matrix material intermingling apparatus through solid blowing agent transfer lime 24; Solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage front end has venting hole 23; The matrix material intermingling apparatus is terminal to be connected with pre-frothing tube 26 1 ends through flange; Pre-frothing tube 26 tops are provided with gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage 28, and gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage 28 communicate with pre-frothing tube 26 inside through gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime 27, are provided with whipping appts in the pre-frothing tube 26; The other end of pre-frothing tube is connected with extrusion foaming die head 52, and facing device 53 is positioned at the end of whole plant;
Said thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device 51 comprises the leading portion of thermoplastics or starch feeding device 20, multi-functional screw rod 15 and the leading portion of the barrel 16 of multi-functional screw rod 15 is housed; Said thermoplastics or starch feeding device 20 adopt the screw rod metering and conveying device; Thermoplastics or starch feeding device 20 comprise plastics feeding drive-motor 18, speed reduction unit 19, stirring support 21 and the quantitative conveying screw rod 22 that is used to drive quantitative conveying screw rod 22; Quantitatively conveying screw rod 22 links to each other with plastics feeding drive-motor 18 through speed reduction unit 19, and speed reduction unit 19 is through transmission mechanism and stir support 21 and link to each other, and quantitative conveying screw rod 22 right-hand members stretch into and connect material 43; Thermoplastics or starch feeding device 20 43 link to each other with the barrel that multi-functional screw rod 15 is housed 16 through connecting material; Multi-functional screw rod 15 places in the barrel 16, and multi-functional screw rod 15 can freely rotate for 16 li at barrel, and the rotating speed of multi-functional screw rod 15 is 80r/min; Multi-functional screw rod 15 is a conical screw; Multi-functional screw rod 15 links to each other with motor 17 through reduction box 2, and said thermoplastics or starch feeding device 20 are located on the reduction box 2, and reduction box 2 is located on the forcing machine base 1.
Said matrix material intermingling apparatus comprises multi-functional screw rod 15 middle parts and back segment, barrel 16 middle parts and back segment; Solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage 25 is installed on barrel 16 terminal 5 the pitch places apart from the matrix material intermingling apparatus; Solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage 25 communicates with the barrel that multi-functional screw rod 15 is housed 16 inside through solid blowing agent transfer lime 24; Vegetable fibre positive feed device 3 is located at barrel 16 middle parts; And perpendicular to barrel 16 and multi-functional screw rod 15, the end that the barrel of multi-functional screw rod is housed is connected with pre-frothing tube one end through flange.
With reference to Fig. 2,6a, 7b; Said vegetable fibre positive feed device 3 adopts custom-designed screw rod-pump housing positive feed device, and vegetable fibre positive feed device 3 comprises drive-motor 11, wheel box 12, loading hopper 7, whisking appliance 5, feeding spiro rod 6, dehvery pump and dehvery pump shell 10, and said drive-motor 11 is located on the bearing 13; Bearing 13 is located on the barrel 16; Feeding spiro rod 6 is located in the loading hopper 7, and drive-motor 11 links to each other with feeding spiro rod 6 through wheel box 12, and for it power is provided; Whisking appliance 5 links to each other with feeding spiro rod 6 through square spigot 4; Whisking appliance 5 sense of rotation are consistent with feeding spiro rod 6 sense of rotation, and the lobe numbers of whisking appliance 5 is 2, and the angle of edge tangential direction is 15 degree when the normal orientation of whisking appliance 5 and its rotation.Said feeding spiro rod 6 is for waiting spiral groove depth reducing feeding spiro rod; Spiral groove depth is 2 cm, and pitch is 4cm, and screw thread adopts the equidistance design; Said dehvery pump comprises gear 46; Gear 46 places in the dehvery pump shell 10, and the tooth root of gear 46 is concordant with the screw channel bottom of feeding spiro rod 6, and the number of teeth of gear 46 is 4.Like this, vegetable fibre can be forced under the dual function of whisking appliance 5, feeding spiro rod 6 and pump body structure and extrude, and helps guaranteeing the stability of feeding, realizes the accurately quantitative of vegetable fibre pressure feeding.Said dehvery pump shell 10 adopts the figure six structure, and discharge port is connected with barrel 16 through flange 14.
With reference to Fig. 8 a; Said pre-frothing tube 26 is elliposoidal; The mid-way of pre-frothing tube 26 is provided with gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime 27, and gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage 28 are located at gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime 27 tops, and gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime 27 pass pre-frothing tube 26 barrels and stretch into pre-frothing tube 26 inside; It is pre-frothing tube 26 internal diameters 37.5% that gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime 27 stretch into pre-frothing tube 26 inner length; The whipping appts of being located in the pre-frothing tube 26 comprises that 29,2 stirrer shafts 29 of stirrer shaft are symmetrically distributed in gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime 27 both sides, and every stirrer shaft 29 upper and lowers are arranged with 2 whisking appliances 30; Stretch out outside the pre-frothing tube 26 stirrer shaft 29 lower ends, and stirrer shaft 29 bottoms are provided with the agitator motor 49 that drives its rotation.
Said extrusion foaming die head 52 centers are provided with runner, and the cross section of flow passage entry is the straight rectangle 33 that has chamfering 31, and chamfer angle is 45 degree; The cross section at runner exit place is for being trumpet-shaped pyramidal structure 35, and cone angle is 30 degree;
Be provided with heating unit 32 with the runner of the extrusion foaming die head 52 corresponding die head outer wall that enters the mouth, and be embedded with refrigerating unit 34 between the corresponding die head inner and outer wall of the runner exit of extrusion foaming die head 52.
Said facing device 53 comprise guide roller 38, with contacted material 39 (like film, paper, sheet material), the calendering devices 40 that are affixed on the foaming product surface of guide roller 38; Two calendering devices 40 are located at extruding groove 36 both sides that foaming product is housed; Extruding groove 36 front ends communicate with the runner exit of extrusion foaming die head 52; The material 39 that is affixed on the foaming product surface places between calendering device 40 and the extruding groove 36; Facing device 53 the place aheads are provided with the adhesive applicating roller 37 that places extruding groove 36 both sides, and facing device 53 rears are provided with the after-treatment device 41 that places on the extruding groove 36.
Said heating unit 32 adopts aluminium matter well heater, and refrigerating unit 34 adopts traditional water cooling mode.
The extrusion equipment of present embodiment adopts the yi word pattern single order to extrude structure.
During work, thermoplastics or starch are sent into multi-functional screw rod 15 front ends by thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device 51, rotate under shearing and barrel 16 heat effects at multi-functional screw rod 15; Thermoplastics or starch fusion plastification become melt, and melt is fed forward under the rotary action of multi-functional screw rod 15, and carry the blending in of fibers of coming even with vegetable fibre positive feed device 3; (can there be solid blowing agent in multi-functional screw rod 12 ends and the solid blowing agent blend of coming then from 25 conveyings of solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage yet; Decision according to actual needs), be conveyed into pre-frothing tube 26 then, and with the gas or the liquid blowing agent blend that come from 28 inputs of gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage; Matrix material blend fluid flow direction is vertical with stirrer shaft 29; Form the pre-frothing body, form foaming product through extrusion foaming die head 52 at last, if needed; This foaming product can be under facing device 53 effects; Carry out pad pasting, paper, sheet material etc. on its surface, perhaps carry out surface treatment, obtain required goods.
The working process of said facing device 53 is: foaming product flows into extruding groove 36 from the runner exit of extrusion foaming die head 52; Cardboard 39 is introduced under the effect of guide roller 38; And through adhesive applicating roller 37 adhesive coating between foaming product and cardboard 39; Under calendering device 40 and after-treatment device 41 effects, obtain required goods at last.
With reference to Fig. 6 b, the difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: said feeding spiro rod 6 becomes the reducing feeding spiro rod for becoming spiral groove depth.
With reference to Fig. 8 b, said pre-frothing tube 26 is spherical in shape.
All the other are with embodiment 1.
With reference to Fig. 6 c, the difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: said feeding spiro rod 6 for etc. the isometrical feeding spiro rod of spiral groove depth.
With reference to Fig. 8 c, said pre-frothing tube 26 type of the being cylinder bodily forms.
All the other are with embodiment 1.
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: with reference to Fig. 7 a; Said dehvery pump comprises cam 8; The path of cam 8 is identical with feeding spiro rod 6 internal diameters, and cam 8 big footpaths are identical with dehvery pump shell 10 internal diameters, and said dehvery pump shell 10 adopts " figure-six structure; its discharge port is consistent with the tangential direction of cam 8 big footpath place, summit rotations, and discharge port is connected with barrel 16 through flange 14.All the other are with embodiment 1.
With reference to Fig. 3,4,5; Present embodiment is that a kind of T-shaped second order wood is moulded the composite foam material molding device; Present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1: said thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device 51 link to each other with matrix material intermingling apparatus front end, and thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device 51 are 90 degree angles with the matrix material intermingling apparatus;
Said thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device 51 comprise thermoplastics or starch feeding device 20, plasticized screw 44 and the barrel I 16-1 of plasticized screw 44 are housed; Said thermoplastics or starch feeding device 20 adopt the screw rod metering and conveying device; Thermoplastics or starch feeding device 20 comprise plastics feeding drive-motor 18, speed reduction unit 19, stirring support 21 and the quantitative conveying screw rod 22 that is used to drive quantitative conveying screw rod 22; Driving quantitative conveying screw rod 22 links to each other with plastics feeding drive-motor 18 through speed reduction unit 19; Speed reduction unit 19 links to each other with stirring support 21 through transmission mechanism; Quantitatively conveying screw rod 22 right-hand members stretch into and connect material 43, and thermoplastics (or starch) feeding device 20 communicates with the barrel I 16-1 inside that plasticized screw 44 is housed through receiving hopper 43, and plasticized screw 44 passes through reduction box I 2-1 and links to each other with motor I 17-1; Said thermoplastics or starch feeding device 20 are located on the reduction box I 2-1, and reduction box I 2-1 is located on the forcing machine base 1;
Said matrix material intermingling apparatus comprises blend screw rod 42, the barrel II 16-2 of blend screw rod 42 is housed; Blend screw rod 42 freely rotates in barrel II 16-2; 42 numbers of blend screw rod are 2; Rotating speed is 90r/min, and blend screw rod 42 is a conical screw, and blend screw rod 42 links to each other with motor II 17-2 through reduction box II 2-2; Reduction box II 2-2 is located on the forcing machine base 1; The barrel I 16-1 of thermoplastics (or starch) plasticizing extrusion device links to each other with the barrel II 16-2 that blend screw rod 42 is housed through flange 45, and solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage 25 is installed on apart from terminal 5 the pitch places of the barrel II 16-2 that blend screw rod 42 is housed, and vegetable fibre positive feed device 3 is located at barrel II 16-2 middle part; And perpendicular to barrel II 16-2 and blend screw rod 42, the terminal flange that passes through of barrel II 16-2 that blend screw rod 42 is housed is connected with pre-frothing tube 26 1 ends;
The dehvery pump shell 10 of said vegetable fibre positive feed device 3 adopts the figure six structure, and discharge port is connected with the barrel II 16-2 that blend screw rod 42 is housed through flange 14.
All the other are with embodiment 1.
During work, thermoplastics starch) send into 44 sections of plasticized screws by thermoplastics or starch feeding device 20, rotate under shearing and the barrel heat effect at plasticized screw 44; Thermoplastics or starch material fusion plastification become melt, under plasticized screw 44 rotary actions, are fed forward, and mix with the blend screw rod 42 interior textile plants of being come by 3 conveyings of vegetable fibre positive feed device; Both under the effect of blend screw rod 42, mix together, (also can not have solid blowing agent in blend screw rod 42 ends and the solid blowing agent blend of coming from 25 conveyings of solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage then; According to actual needs the decision), be conveyed into pre-frothing tube 26 then, and with gas or liquid blowing agent blend; Form the pre-frothing body, form foaming product through extrusion foaming die head 52 at last, if needed; This foaming product can be under the facing device effect; Carry out pad pasting, paper, sheet material etc. on its surface, perhaps surface treatment obtains required goods at last.
Present embodiment wood is moulded the structure and the material formula of composite foam material: dry waste paper fibre powder (50 order) 75wt%, Vestolen PP 7052 12 wt%, SBS 4wt%, maleic anhydride (MAH-g-PP) 7wt%, octadecoic acid natrium 1.5wt%, ZnO0.5 wt%.
Recombining process with other sheet material:
End at above-mentioned extruding dies is introduced a kind of cardboard 39 through guide roller 38; And through adhesive applicating roller 37 adhesive coatings between the cardboard 39 of extrudate and introducing, and then make above-mentioned cardboard and the wood plastic composite of extruding under follow-up calendering device 40 and after-treatment device 41 effects realization one step processing foam composite material 1 ' with sheet material 2 ' superimposed two-layer or multi-layer compound structure material.
The density of gained wood plastic composite is 0.8 kgm
-3, tensile strength 29 MPa, flexural strength 20 MPa, elongation at break 160%.The stripping strength of gained complex layered materials is up to 9.5 MPa.
Embodiment 7:
The prescription of present embodiment wood plastic composite: cell diameter is 0.01mm ~ 5mm; Thickness is confirmed by actual demand; The material staple is the blend of thermoplastics and vegetable fibre powder, inhibitor, or the blend of thermoplastics and starch and vegetable fibre powder, inhibitor; The content of said vegetable fibre powder is 10wt%-95wt%, and vegetable fibre powder particle diameter is the 10-1000 order; Oxidation preventive content be said wood mould the composite foam material gross weight 1%; Exsiccant waste paper fibre (about 50 orders) 70wt%, starch 20 wt%, glycerine 8wt%, octadecoic acid natrium 1.5wt%, ZnO0.5 wt%.
Recombining process with other sheet material:
End at above-mentioned extruding dies is introduced a kind of cardboard 39 through guide roller 38; And through adhesive applicating roller 37 adhesive coatings between the cardboard 39 of extrudate and introducing, and then make above-mentioned cardboard and the wood plastic composite of extruding under follow-up calendering device 40 and after-treatment device 41 effects realization one step processing foam composite material 1 ' with sheet material 2 ' superimposed two-layer or multi-layer compound structure material.
The density of gained wood plastic composite is 0.9 kgm
-3, tensile strength 20 MPa, flexural strength 18 MPa, elongation at break 150%.The stripping strength of gained complex layered materials is up to 8 MPa.
Embodiment 8:
The prescription of present embodiment wood plastic composite: exsiccant waste paper fibre (about 50 orders) 50wt%, Vestolen PP 7052 12 wt%, rubber powder 28wt%, MAH-g-PP 8wt%, octadecoic acid natrium 1.5wt%, ZnO0.5 wt%.
Recombining process with other sheet material:
End at above-mentioned extruding dies is introduced a kind of cardboard 39 through guide roller 38; And through adhesive applicating roller 37 adhesive coatings between the cardboard 39 of extrudate and introducing, and then make above-mentioned cardboard and the wood plastic composite of extruding under follow-up calendering device 40 and after-treatment device 41 effects realization one step processing foam composite material 1 ' with sheet material 2 ' superimposed two-layer or multi-layer compound structure material.
The density of gained wood plastic composite is 0.75 kgm
-3, tensile strength 32 MPa, flexural strength 28 MPa, elongation at break 210%.The stripping strength of gained complex layered materials is up to 10 MPa.
Embodiment 9
With reference to embodiment 1, on the basis of above-mentioned prescription, add the solid chemical foaming agent again and prepare foam material, concrete prescription is: dry bamboo pulp fiber (100 order) 65wt%; High density polyethylene(HDPE) 12 wt%, rubber powder 9wt%, MAH-g-PP 7wt%; Octadecoic acid natrium 1.5wt%, ZnO0.5 wt%, (NH
+)
2CO
35wt%.
Its moulding process is:
Utilize screw rod to extrude principle forming process wood and mould composite foam material, at first, with density polyene 12 wt%; Rubber powder 9wt%, MAH-g-PP 7wt%, octadecoic acid natrium 1.5wt%; ZnO0.5 wt% mixes to close and puts into thermoplastics or starch feeding device 20, and fusion plastification in screw extruder forms melt or liquid; Perhaps other similar colloids are transfused to multi-functional screw rod 15 blend extruding zones, simultaneously then; Surface-treated dry bamboo pulp fiber also is transfused to multi-functional screw rod 15 blend extruding zones through forcing feeding device 5, and at this moment, thermoplastics or starch material and fiber are even at multi-functional screw rod 15 thorough mixing; And under the screw rod effect of extruding, be fed forward, at the terminal solid blowing agent (NH that comes in conveying of multi-functional screw rod 15 blend extruding zones
+)
2CO
3Mix, be conveyed into pre-frothing tube 26 then together, and then form the pre-frothing body under the effect of stirrer shaft in the pre-frothing tube 29 and whisking appliance 30, through the extrusion foaming die head, extrude the formation foaming product at last.
This composite foam material density is 0.5 kgm
-3, tensile strength 20 MPa, flexural strength 24 MPa, ultimate compression strength 26MPa, mean cell diameter is 0.8 mm.
Embodiment 10:
With reference to embodiment 1, on the basis of above-mentioned prescription, to introduce the supercritical gas whipping agent again and prepare foam material, concrete prescription is: dry bamboo pulp fiber (about 100 orders) 70wt%; High density polyethylene(HDPE) 12 wt%, rubber powder 9wt%, MAH-g-PP 7wt%; Octadecoic acid natrium 1.5wt%, ZnO0.5 wt%.
Its moulding process is:
Utilize screw rod to extrude principle forming process wood and mould composite foam material, at first, with density polyethylene 12 wt%; Rubber powder 9wt%, MAH-g-PP 7wt%, octadecoic acid natrium 1.5wt%; ZnO0.5 wt% mixes to close and is placed in the stub bar, and fusion plastification in screw extruder forms melt or liquid; Perhaps other similar colloids are transfused to multi-functional screw rod 15 blend extruding zones, simultaneously then; Surface-treated fiber also is transfused to multi-functional screw rod 15 blend extruding zones through forcing feeding device 3, and at this moment, thermoplastics or starch material and fiber are even at multi-functional screw rod 15 blend extruding zone thorough mixing; And be fed forward down in the screw rod effect of extruding, be conveyed into pre-frothing tube 26 then together, and with the supercritical CO of feeding
2, and then form the pre-frothing body under the effect of stirrer shaft in the pre-frothing tube 29 and whisking appliance 30, through blown foam die, extrude the formation foaming product at last.
This composite foam material density is 0.4 kgm
-3, tensile strength 22 MPa, flexural strength 25 MPa, ultimate compression strength 28MPa, mean cell diameter is 0.7 mm.
Claims (9)
1. a wood is moulded composite foam material; It is characterized in that; Its cell diameter is 0.01mm ~ 5mm, and the material staple is the blend of thermoplastics and vegetable fibre powder, or the blend of thermoplastics and starch and vegetable fibre powder; Or the blend of thermoplastics and rubber powder, vegetable fibre powder; Or the blend of thermoplastics and rubber powder, starch and vegetable fibre, the content of said vegetable fibre powder is 10wt%-95wt%, vegetable fibre powder particle diameter is the 10-1000 order; Starch content is 0-80 wt%, and particle diameter is the 100-2000 order; Rubber powder content is 0wt%-80wt%, and all the other are thermoplastics;
Said thermoplastics is Vilaterm, Vestolen PP 7052, PS, SE, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polycarbonate, nylon or styrene/butadiene/styrene block copolymers; Said vegetable fibre powder is the crushed material of paper pulp, wood powder, natural tangerine bar or waste paper; Starch is W-Gum, wheat starch, sweet potato starch or sorghum starch; Said rubber powder is powder or the rubber grain of being processed by the junked tire that reclaims.
2. wood as claimed in claim 1 is moulded composite foam material, it is characterized in that, said cell diameter is 0.2 ~ 1mm, and its thickness is 1 ~ 10mm.
3. mould the preparation method of composite foam material like the said wood of one of claim 1-2 for one kind, it is characterized in that, through blending and modifying, add whipping agent, be prepared from through extrusion moulding by thermoplastics and vegetable fibre powder and relevant modified additive; Or by thermoplastics, starch, vegetable fibre powder and relevant modified additive through blending and modifying, add whipping agent, be prepared from through extrusion molding; Or by thermoplastics, rubber powder, vegetable fibre powder and relevant modified additive through blending and modifying, add whipping agent, be prepared from through extrusion moulding;
Said relevant modified additive comprises inhibitor, coupling agent, expanding material, helps coupling agent and modification initiator;
Said inhibitor consumption is the 0.5-2wt% of said wood plastic composite gross weight;
The consumption that said coupling agent is is 0.5-10 wt% of vegetable fibre content;
Said expanding material consumption is the 1-8wt% of wood plastic composite gross weight;
The said coupling agent consumption that helps is the 0.5-30% of coupling agent consumption;
Said modification initiator amount is properties-correcting agent inhibitor, coupling agent, expanding material and the 0.1-3 wt % that helps the total consumption of coupling agent;
Said foaming agent consumption is 0.1 ~ 5% of a wood plastic composite gross weight;
Concrete preparation moulding process may further comprise the steps:
(1) with mixture fusion plastification in screw extruder of inhibitor, expanding material, modification initiator and thermoplastics, forms melt or liquid, perhaps other similar colloids; The mixture melt or the liquid of thermoplastics that (2) step (1) is obtained and inhibitor, expanding material, modification initiator; Perhaps similar colloid input blend extrusion screw rod section; Simultaneously, will carry out vegetable fibre that surperficial immersion treatment crosses through forcing feeding device input blend extrusion screw rod section with helping coupling agent, and make thermoplastics and vegetable fibre in blend extrusion screw rod section with coupling agent; Thorough mixing is even, gets wood plastic composite; (3) step (2) gained wood plastic composite is delivered to the pre-frothing tube, in the pre-frothing tube, wood plastic composite mixes with the gas or the liquid blowing agent of input, forms the pre-frothing body; (4) the pre-frothing body is extruded through blown foam die, promptly got the wooden composite foam material of moulding.
4. mould the preparation method of composite foam material like the said wood of claim 3, it is characterized in that, said inhibitor is the efficient composite antioxidant of antioxidant 1010, inhibitor 3114, antioxidant 1076 or 215 types and 225 types;
Said coupling agent is maleic anhydride, isocyanic ester, benzoyl chloride or silane coupling agent;
Said expanding material is the hard ester acid of non-reactive compatibilizer, SEBS, SBS or various MAH grafting analog copolymer;
The said coupling agent that helps is boric acid ester coupler SB-618, SB-618T, titanate coupling agent TTS, TTOP-12;
Said modification initiator is ZnO or Pb
2O
3
Said whipping agent is low-boiling point liquid whipping agent butane, pentane or dichlorofluoromethane, gas foaming agent CO
2, water vapor or air; Solid blowing agent is (NH
4)
2CO
3, NaHCO
3, Cellmic C 121 or Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate.
5. a wood is moulded the composite foam material molding device; It is characterized in that, comprise thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device, vegetable fibre positive feed device, matrix material intermingling apparatus, gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage, pre-frothing tube and extrusion foaming die head;
Said thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device link to each other with matrix material intermingling apparatus front end; And on a line; Constitute " yi word pattern single order foam shaping by extrusion equipment "; Perhaps thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device and matrix material intermingling apparatus are in a certain angle, constitute " tee T second order foam shaping by extrusion equipment ", and said angle angle is 10 ~ 180 degree; Vegetable fibre positive feed device also is connected with the matrix material intermingling apparatus; The matrix material intermingling apparatus is terminal to be connected with pre-frothing tube one end through flange; Pre-frothing tube top is provided with gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage; Gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage communicate with pre-frothing tube inside through gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime; Be provided with whipping appts in the pre-frothing tube, the other end of pre-frothing tube is connected with the extrusion foaming die head.
6. wood as claimed in claim 5 is moulded the composite foam material molding device; It is characterized in that; Also be provided with solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage and/or facing device; The solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage is installed on apart from terminal 1 ~ 10 the pitch place of matrix material intermingling apparatus, and the solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage links to each other with the matrix material intermingling apparatus through the solid blowing agent transfer lime, and solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage front end has venting hole; Facing device is positioned at the end of whole plant.
7. mould the composite foam material molding device like claim 5 or 6 described wood, it is characterized in that, the angle angle between the thermoplastics of said tee T second order foam shaping by extrusion equipment or starch plasticizing extrusion device and the matrix material intermingling apparatus is 90 degree.
8. mould the composite foam material molding device like claim 5 or 6 described wood; It is characterized in that; Said thermoplastics or starch plasticizing extrusion device comprise thermoplastics or starch feeding device; Said thermoplastics or starch feeding device adopt the screw rod metering and conveying device, and thermoplastics or starch feeding device comprise plastics feeding drive-motor, speed reduction unit, stirring support and the quantitative conveying screw rod that is used to drive quantitative conveying screw rod, and quantitatively conveying screw rod links to each other with plastics feeding drive-motor through speed reduction unit; Speed reduction unit links to each other with the stirring support through transmission mechanism, and quantitatively the conveying screw rod right-hand member stretches into the head that connects material;
The thermoplastics of said yi word pattern single order foam shaping by extrusion equipment or starch plasticizing extrusion device also comprise the leading portion and the leading portion that the barrel of multi-functional screw rod is housed of multi-functional screw rod; The quantitative conveying screw rod of thermoplastics or starch feeding device communicates with the barrel inside that multi-functional screw rod is housed through the head that connects material; Multi-functional screw rod can freely rotate in barrel; Multi-functional screw rod links to each other with motor through reduction box; Said thermoplastics or starch feeding device are located on the reduction box, and reduction box is located on the forcing machine base;
The thermoplastics of said tee T second order foam shaping by extrusion equipment or starch plasticizing extrusion device comprise plasticized screw and the barrel I of plasticized screw are housed; The quantitative conveying screw rod right-hand member of thermoplastics or starch feeding device stretches into the head that connects material; Thermoplastics or starch feeding device communicate with the barrel I inside that plasticized screw is housed through receiving hopper; Plasticized screw links to each other with the motor I through the reduction box I; Said thermoplastics or starch feeding device are located on the reduction box I, and the reduction box I is located on the forcing machine base;
Said vegetable fibre positive feed device adopts screw rod-pump housing positive feed device, and vegetable fibre positive feed device comprises drive-motor, wheel box, loading hopper, whisking appliance, feeding spiro rod, dehvery pump and dehvery pump shell, and said drive-motor is located on the bearing; Bearing is located on the barrel, and feeding spiro rod is located in the loading hopper, and drive-motor links to each other with feeding spiro rod through wheel box; Whisking appliance links to each other with feeding spiro rod through square spigot, and the whisking appliance sense of rotation is consistent with the feeding spiro rod sense of rotation, and the lobe numbers of whisking appliance is 1 ~ 16; The angle of edge tangential direction is 3 ~ 45 degree when the normal orientation of whisking appliance and its rotation, said feeding spiro rod for wait spiral groove depth reducing feeding spiro rod, become spiral groove depth reducing feeding spiro rod or etc. the isometrical feeding spiro rod of spiral groove depth, spiral groove depth is 0.5 ~ 10cm; Pitch is 1-10cm, and screw thread is equidistance or varying pitch, and the ratio of adjacent pitch is 0.5-1.5; Said dehvery pump comprises gear or cam; Gear or cam place in the dehvery pump shell, and the tooth root of gear is concordant with the screw channel of feeding spiro rod bottom, and the number of teeth of gear is 1-40; The path of cam is identical with footpath at the bottom of the feeding spiro rod; And big footpath is identical with the external diameter of feeding spiro rod, and the cam path is in same position with feeding spiro rod screw channel end point, said dehvery pump shell employing figure six structure;
The matrix material intermingling apparatus of said yi word pattern single order foam shaping by extrusion equipment comprises multi-functional screw rod middle part and back segment, barrel middle part and back segment; The solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage is installed on apart from terminal 1 ~ 10 the pitch place of the barrel that multi-functional screw rod is housed; The solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage communicates with the barrel inside that multi-functional screw rod is housed through the solid blowing agent transfer lime; Vegetable fibre positive feed device is located at the barrel middle part that multi-functional screw rod is housed; And perpendicular to barrel and multi-functional screw rod; The discharge port of vegetable fibre positive feed device dehvery pump is connected with the barrel that multi-functional screw rod is housed through flange, and the end that the barrel of multi-functional screw rod is housed is connected with pre-frothing tube one end through flange;
The matrix material intermingling apparatus of said tee T second order foam shaping by extrusion equipment comprises the blend screw rod, the barrel II of blend screw rod is housed; The blend screw rod freely rotates in the barrel II; Blend screw rod bar number is for can be 1 ~ 5; The blend screw rod links to each other with the motor II through the reduction box II, and the reduction box II is located on the forcing machine base, and thermoplastics or starch plastify the barrel I of extrusion device and links to each other with the barrel II that the blend screw rod is housed through flange; The solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage communicates with the barrel II inside that the blend screw rod is housed through the solid blowing agent transfer lime; The solid blowing agent e Foerderanlage is installed on apart from terminal 1～10 the pitch place of the barrel II that the blend screw rod is housed, and vegetable fibre positive feed device is located at barrel II middle part, and perpendicular to barrel II and blend screw rod; The discharge port of vegetable fibre positive feed device dehvery pump is connected with the barrel II that the blend screw rod is housed through flange, and the terminal flange that passes through of barrel II that the blend screw rod is housed is connected with pre-frothing tube one end;
Said pre-frothing tube is elliposoidal, sphere or type cylinder bodily form; The mid-way of pre-frothing tube is provided with gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime; Gas or liquid blowing agent e Foerderanlage are located at gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime top; Gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime pass pre-frothing tube barrel and stretch into pre-frothing tube inside, and it is the 0-50% of pre-frothing tube internal diameter that gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime stretch into the inner length of pre-frothing tube, and the whipping appts of being located in the pre-frothing tube comprises the even sets stirrer shaft; Each stirrer shaft is symmetrically distributed in gas or liquid blowing agent transfer lime both sides; Every stirrer shaft upper and lower is arranged with 1-10 whisking appliance, and stretch out outside the pre-frothing tube stirrer shaft lower end, and the stirrer shaft bottom is provided with the agitator motor that drives its rotation;
Said extrusion foaming die head center is provided with runner, and the cross section of flow passage entry is the straight rectangle that has chamfering, and chamfer angle is the 0-80 degree, and the cross section at runner exit place is for being trumpet-shaped pyramidal structure, and cone angle is the 0-80 degree.
9. wood as claimed in claim 8 is moulded the composite foam material molding device, it is characterized in that, said quantitative conveying screw rod is 2 ~ 3, spiral groove depth 0.6 ~ 3cm, and pitch 2 ~ 5cm, the ratio of adjacent pitch is 0.6 ~ 1.2;
Said multi-functional screw rod is 2 ~ 3 of conical screws;
The number of blade of the whisking appliance of said feeding spiro rod is 2 ~ 3;
The number of teeth of said dehvery pump gear is 3 ~ 9;
Be provided with heating unit with the runner of the extrusion foaming die head corresponding die head outer wall that enters the mouth, and be embedded with refrigerating unit between the corresponding die head inner and outer wall of the runner exit of extrusion foaming die head.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010504170A CN101942140B (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2010-10-12 | Wood plastic composite foaming material and forming process and equipment thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010504170A CN101942140B (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2010-10-12 | Wood plastic composite foaming material and forming process and equipment thereof |
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| CN101942140A CN101942140A (en) | 2011-01-12 |
| CN101942140B true CN101942140B (en) | 2012-10-24 |
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