CN101935877B - Method for synthesizing mullite whiskers by normal pressure sintering - Google Patents

Method for synthesizing mullite whiskers by normal pressure sintering Download PDF

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CN101935877B
CN101935877B CN2010102708064A CN201010270806A CN101935877B CN 101935877 B CN101935877 B CN 101935877B CN 2010102708064 A CN2010102708064 A CN 2010102708064A CN 201010270806 A CN201010270806 A CN 201010270806A CN 101935877 B CN101935877 B CN 101935877B
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powder
raw material
ball
mullite
grinding
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CN101935877A (en
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彭金辉
刘永鹤
孟彬
郭胜惠
张利波
夏洪应
曹威扬
姚现昭
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for synthesizing mullite whiskers by normal pressure sintering. A second phase whisker material capable of enhancing and toughening a metal or ceramic matrix at the temperature of over 1,200 DEG C is prepared by using the high-temperature creep resistance of the mullite whiskers. The method for synthesizing the mullite whiskers by the normal pressure powder sintering has simple process; and the synthesized mullite whiskers have the advantages of high dispersion degree, uniform granule size distribution and high length-diameter ratio and purity, and can be used as enhancing and toughening whiskers for metal and ceramic materials.

Description

A kind of method of normal pressure-sintered mullite synthesizing whisker
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of normal pressure-sintered mullite synthesizing whisker, belong to field of material preparation.
Background technology
Mullite crystal whisker is owing to have outstanding advantages such as high temperature resistant, wear-resistant, anti-oxidant, that thermal expansivity is low, thermal shock resistance is good, and its excellent high-temperature creep resistance is particularly suitable for as hot environment with the toughness reinforcing whisker use of the enhancing of metal, stupalith it.
About existing many documents of the preparation of mullite crystal whisker and patent report.Japan Okada etc. are with the Al of tetraethoxy and aluminum nitrate preparation 2O 3-SiO 2Xerogel, same AlF 3Calcining has been synthesized mullite crystal whisker (referring to Materials science communication .8 [9] (1989): 1052-1054) in airtight container.This method adopts tetraethoxy and aluminum nitrate to cost an arm and a leg, preparation collosol and gel complex procedures, and the operational cycle is long.China applies for a patent CN92102982.9 and discloses a kind of high purity mullite crystal whisker preparation method, and this method is dissolved in aluminium salt in the alcoholic solution, presses SiO 2: Al 2O 3=2: 3 mol ratio drips the alkoxide of silicon, and adds HF solution, with the gel oven dry that obtains, broken, sieve, calcine, obtain the mullite crystal whisker of various length-to-diameter ratios at last.This method prepares process and adopts twice calcining, big and its complicated process of preparation of energy consumption, and the mullite crystal whisker productive rate is not high.USP 4910172 and 4948766 discloses with powder sintering (Al 2O 3, SiO 2, AlF 3) preparation mullite crystal whisker method.The mullite crystal whisker skewness that this method is prepared, calcining temperature is high, and the mullite crystal whisker length-to-diameter ratio that grows is shorter.Xu Xiaohong etc. are with kaolin, industrial aluminium hydroxide, AlF 3, V 2O 5For the synthetic preparation of raw material original position mullite crystal whisker (referring to original position mullite synthesizing whisker and Study on Microstructure, Wuhan University of Technology's journal, 2007,28 (2): 89-92).The mullite crystal whisker that this method is prepared impure many, purity is low, is difficult to be applied to strengthen toughness reinforcing metal, stupalith.
The present invention is that the gas that utilizes ALUMNIUM FLUORIDE at high temperature to form carries out gas-solid reaction; Help the crystalline different growth; Synthetic whisker according to the specific direction growth; Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES will volatilize and promote gas-solid reaction in high-temperature heating process mass transfer process and activation increase aluminum oxide lattice imperfection, the activation lattice promotes mullite to form.The whisker of growing among the present invention is grown through following gas-solid reaction.
Al(OH) 3→Al 2O 3+H 2O
(1)
6AlF 3+3O 2→6AlOF+12F (2)
Al 2O 3+2F→2AlOF+0.5O 2 (3)
2SiO 2+8F→2SiF4+2O 2 (4)
6AlOF+2SiF 4+3.5O 2→3Al 2O 3·2SiO 2+14F (5)
The mullite that generates in this reaction process is separated out nucleation after in the ALUMNIUM FLUORIDE high-temperature gas, reaching certain saturation degree, and the mullite nucleus forms the rod-like mullite whisker according to the growth of crystal growth habit plane under the gaseous environment that gas provides.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of normal pressure-sintered mullite synthesizing whisker; Utilize the normal pressure-sintered method mullite synthesizing of powder whisker; Utilize the high-temperature creep resistance of mullite crystal whisker, preparation can be at the second phase crystal whisker materials that is used to strengthen toughness reinforcing metal, ceramic matrix more than 1200 ℃.
The present invention realizes through following technical proposals
Raw material and additive are formed and mass percent
Primary industry white lake 75.5%-85.5%, silica 1 4.5%-24.5%, total amount is 100%,
The additive ALUMNIUM FLUORIDE is the 2-6% of raw material weight, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES be raw material weight 2-6%;
Accomplish according to the following steps according to above-mentioned formulation mullite crystal whisker
(1) ball milling: raw material and additive are prepared burden by the mass percent of prescription, and press raw material again: alcohol: ball=1-4: 4-8: 8-12 adds in the ball mill, carries out wet ball grinding 6-10h, obtains the powder that granularity is 75-100um, and alcohol is ball-milling medium;
(2) oven dry: the powder that ball milling is good is in baking oven, and under 80-100 ℃, oven dry 4-6h sloughs the alcohol in the powder behind the ball milling, obtains the powder that mixes;
(3) mix grinding: in the powder that mixes, add the 3-5% of raw material weight, concentration expressed in percentage by weight is the polyvinyl alcohol solution (PVA) of 10-15%, with going into ageing 12-24h in the encloses container behind the grinding rod mixed grinding 15-45min;
(4) compressing tablet: the pressure with 15-25MPa on the powder type tabletting machine of the powder after the ageing is pressed into the sheet stock of diameter * highly=10-15mm * 5-10mm;
(5) sintering: the sheet stock that presses is placed in the airtight alumina-ceramic crucible; Temperature rise rate with 3-5 ℃/min in retort furnace is raised to 800-1000 ℃ from room temperature; Behind the heat preservation sintering 1-2h; Temperature rise rate with 5-10 ℃/min is raised to 1250 ℃ of-1450 ℃ of heat preservation sintering 2-3h again, and furnace cooling obtains the mullite crystal whisker product.
The invention has the advantages that: mullite crystal whisker simple through its technology of normal pressure powder sintering mullite synthesizing whisker, that synthesize have degree of scatter height, size distribution evenly, length-to-diameter ratio and purity advantage of higher, can well use as the toughness reinforcing whisker of the enhancing of metal, stupalith.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1,2 is that the electron microscope scanning of embodiment 1 mullite crystal whisker product structure shows figure; Fig. 3 is that the electron microscope scanning of embodiment 2 mullite crystal whisker product structures shows figure.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: raw material adopts industrial aluminium hydroxide 75.5%, and silicon-dioxide 24.5% adds 4% Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES of 2% ALUMNIUM FLUORIDE and the raw materials quality of raw materials quality; By raw material: alcohol: ball=add planetary ball mill carry out wet ball grinding 8h at 2: 4: 8; Obtain the mixed powder that granularity is 75-100um, the powder that ball milling is good is dried 4h down at 100 ℃ in baking oven; Slough the alcohol in the powder behind the ball milling, obtain the powder that mixes; 3% concentration expressed in percentage by weight that again this powder is added raw materials quality is that 15% polyvinyl alcohol solution mixes; With behind the grinding rod mixed grinding 25min, behind the ageing 24h, be pressed into the sheet stock of 10-15mm * 5-10mm with the powder type tabletting machine, put into airtight alumina-ceramic crucible again and reenter retort furnace and be raised to 800 ℃ from room temperature with the temperature rise rate of 3 ℃/min; Behind the insulation 2h; Be raised to 1250 ℃ and be incubated 3h with 5 ℃/min temperature rise rate again, furnace cooling promptly gets the mullite crystal whisker product afterwards.The mullite crystal whisker good dispersion that generates, whisker length is 20-30 μ m, and diameter is 1.5-2 μ m, and length-to-diameter ratio reaches 12-15, is applicable to strengthen toughness reinforcing metal, stupalith.See Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
Embodiment 2: raw material adopts industrial aluminium hydroxide 80.5%, and silica 1 9.5%, additive ALUMNIUM FLUORIDE and Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES are respectively 6% and 2% of raw materials quality; Wet ball grinding in planetary ball mill; The powder that acquisition mixes, at 80 ℃ of following baking 6h, again this powder being added 4% concentration expressed in percentage by weight is that 12% polyvinyl alcohol solution mixes with after going in the encloses container also ageing 18h behind the grinding rod mixed grinding 40min; Be pressed into the sheet stock of 10-15mm * 5-10mm with the powder type tabletting machine; Be placed on to reenter in the retort furnace in the airtight alumina-ceramic crucible and be raised to 900 ℃ from room temperature, behind the insulation 1.5h, be raised to 1350 ℃ and be incubated 2.5h with 8 ℃/min temperature rise rate again with 4 ℃/min temperature rise rate; The sample furnace cooling promptly obtains the product of wanting afterwards.Sem shows, the mullite crystal whisker good dispersion of generation, and whisker length is 50-70 μ m, and diameter is 2.5-4 μ m, and length-to-diameter ratio reaches 15-20, is applicable to strengthen toughness reinforcing metal, stupalith, sees Fig. 3.

Claims (1)

1. the method for a normal pressure-sintered mullite synthesizing whisker is characterized in that: the present invention realizes through following technical proposals,
1), raw material and additive are formed and mass percent
Raw material: industrial aluminium hydroxide 75.5%-85.5%, silica 1 4.5%-24.5%, total amount is 100%,
Additive: ALUMNIUM FLUORIDE is the 2-6% of raw material weight, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES be raw material weight 2-6%;
2), accomplish according to the following steps according to above-mentioned formulation mullite crystal whisker
(1), ball milling: raw material and additive are prepared burden by the mass percent of prescription, and press raw material again: alcohol: ball=1-4: 4-8: 8-12 adds in the ball mill, carries out wet ball grinding 6-10h, obtains the powder that granularity is 75-100um, and alcohol is ball-milling medium;
(2), oven dry: the powder that ball milling is good is in baking oven, and under 80-100 ℃, oven dry 4-6h sloughs the alcohol in the powder behind the ball milling, obtains the powder that mixes;
(3), mix grinding: in the powder that mixes, add the 3-5% of raw material weight, concentration expressed in percentage by weight is the polyvinyl alcohol solution of 10-15%, with going into ageing 12-24h in the encloses container behind the grinding rod mixed grinding 15-45min;
(4), compressing tablet: the pressure with 15-25MPa on the powder type tabletting machine of the powder after the ageing is pressed into the sheet stock of diameter * highly=10-15mm * 5-10mm;
(5), sintering: the sheet stock that presses is placed in the airtight alumina-ceramic crucible; Temperature rise rate with 3-5 ℃/min in retort furnace is raised to 800-1000 ℃ from room temperature; Behind the heat preservation sintering 1-2h, the temperature rise rate with 5-10 ℃/min is raised to 1250 ℃-1450 ℃, heat preservation sintering 2-3h again; Furnace cooling obtains the mullite crystal whisker product.
CN2010102708064A 2010-09-03 2010-09-03 Method for synthesizing mullite whiskers by normal pressure sintering Expired - Fee Related CN101935877B (en)

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CN105084878A (en) * 2015-03-31 2015-11-25 海南大学 Preparation method of acicular mullite porous ceramic block material with superhigh amount of porosity
CN105088345B (en) * 2015-07-28 2017-09-19 景德镇陶瓷大学 A kind of preparation method of utilization Desert Sand low temperature mullite synthesizing whisker
CN105036720B (en) * 2015-07-28 2017-03-08 景德镇陶瓷大学 A kind of preparation method by the use of boride as additive mullite synthesizing whisker
CN106167413B (en) * 2016-07-06 2018-09-28 江西省工业陶瓷工程技术研究中心 A kind of 90 aluminium oxide ceramics of On In-situ Synthesis of Mullite Whisker toughening and preparation method
CN106630987A (en) * 2016-09-19 2017-05-10 齐鲁工业大学 Oxide catalyst for preparation of mullite ceramic whiskers
CN106915749B (en) * 2017-04-07 2019-03-01 武汉科技大学 A kind of rod-like mullite-tabular alumina composite granule and preparation method thereof
CN108315810B (en) * 2018-02-24 2020-09-22 陕西大秦钾业有限公司 Method for synthesizing mullite whisker by taking kaliophilite as raw material
CN108484149B (en) * 2018-03-30 2020-12-01 滁州学院 Preparation method of NaA molecular sieve membrane support
CN108854589B (en) * 2018-07-10 2020-06-26 天津工业大学 Mullite whisker hollow fiber membrane for oil-water separation and preparation method thereof
CN110938862A (en) * 2019-12-23 2020-03-31 苏州纳迪微电子有限公司 High-purity monocrystalline corundum powder and preparation method thereof
CN111659855A (en) * 2020-05-21 2020-09-15 上海交通大学 Preparation method of mullite whisker reinforced ceramic shell for directional solidification of NbSi alloy generated in situ
CN112280538B (en) * 2020-10-28 2021-11-16 武汉科技大学 Whisker toughened phase change heat storage microcapsule and preparation method thereof
CN115521135B (en) * 2022-09-19 2023-08-25 杭州诺贝尔陶瓷有限公司 Preparation method of lightweight building ceramic tile
CN115650762A (en) * 2022-09-27 2023-01-31 深圳市吉迩科技有限公司 Ceramic slurry and preparation method of porous ceramic atomizing core
CN116063066A (en) * 2023-01-31 2023-05-05 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司 Preparation method of mullite ceramic material reinforced by gas phase infiltration method
CN116375455B (en) * 2023-04-10 2024-05-28 萍乡市江华环保设备填料有限公司 Preparation method of alumina ceramic propping agent with ultralow volatility coefficient by high-temperature sintering
CN116589269A (en) * 2023-04-19 2023-08-15 福建省云智新材料科技有限公司 Preparation method and application of mullite whisker

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