CN101931435A - Low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator - Google Patents
Low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator, which consists of a hardware structure and a software structure, wherein the hardware structure consists of a micro controller unit, a data storage unit, an electric quantity storage unit, a power line network bridge communication unit, a GPRS communication unit and a power supply module unit; and the software structure consists of a system scheduling module, a power line network bridge module, an RS485 driving module, a GPRS wireless communication module, and an embedded database module. In the invention, embedded design is adopted, embedded micro controller technology, bandwidth power line carrier technology, GPRS wireless communication technology, embedded database technology, multipath I/O multiplexing technology and the like are integrated, and the GPRS communication module can receive a remote meter reading instruction transmitted by a management center on site, read user electric quantity data, and sends user electric quantity data to the management center through the GPRS communication module. The concentrator is simple in operation and convenient to use and has a high application value and a promising application prospect in the technical field of remote meter reading of a power system.
Description
(1) technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator, the instruction that it can issue by wireless communication technology receiving management center, receive user's electric weight that collector (being specifically designed to the equipment of gathering user's electric energy meter electric weight information) is uploaded by the low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier technology, by wireless communication technology user's electric weight is sent to administrative center again.Wherein, relate to built-in Linux operating system technology, broadband power line ZAP, wireless communication technology, embedded database technology, multichannel I/O multiplex technique, belong to electric power system automatic data logging technical field based on GPRS (GPRS).
(2) background technology:
In China's power industry fast development, power system reform also progressively deeply, the electric power system commercial operation has proposed requirements at the higher level to the operation and the scheduling level of power administration, not only need to make a copy of accurately, on time the power consumption of electricity consumer, calculate line loss, carry out the optimization of circuit, also need to understand the electricity consumption curve of every day, carry out load prediction, carry out effective feedback, make its generating of more effectively making a plan for power plant or power station.Therefore, the metering method of traditional manual metering can not satisfy the requirement of commercial operation.
At present, domestic existing electric energy meter Automatic meter reading system is mostly taked 485 wirings, arrowband low frequency power line carrier wave or communication from electric energy meter, collector to concentrator.These kilowatt meter reading-out system ubiquity difficulty of construction are big, bandwidth is narrow, speed is low excessively, real-time is poor, can not realize problems such as two-way high-speed traffic, be difficult to satisfy the requirement of power supply enterprise's construction " power information integral collecting platform ", more can not satisfy management expectancy with electricity charge prepayment, disconnected telegram in reply and anti-electricity-theft contour level.At above problem, propose to adopt low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier communication new technology development to use kilowatt meter reading-out system, because the power line bandwidth carrier communication technology adopted OFDM (OFDM), DMT modulation techniques such as (multi-carrier modulation), power-line carrier communication instability, unreliable, problem such as signal attenuation big, transmission bandwidth and distance are restricted have been solved for a long time.Concentrator plays a part to form a connecting link in whole bandwidth carrier kilowatt meter reading-out system, is the bridge of whole kilowatt meter reading-out system, is determining the overall performance of system.
(3) summary of the invention:
1, purpose: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator, it adopts embedded design, functions such as embedded microcontroller technology, broadband power line ZAP, GPRS wireless communication technology, embedded database technology, multichannel I/O multiplex technique are integrated in one, can the on-the-spot meter reading instruction that issues by GPRS communication module receiving management center, copy and accept user's electric quantity data, and user's electric quantity data is sent to administrative center by the GPRS communication module.
2, technical scheme: a kind of low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator of the present invention, it is to be made of hardware configuration and software configuration two large divisions, wherein hardware configuration is the hardware platform of whole low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator, and software configuration is based on the driver and the application program of exploitation under this hardware platform.
(1) hardware configuration
Problems such as concentrator adopts singlechip technology to realize mostly now, but exists processing speed on the low side, and the time of checking meter is long, and Processing tasks is single, and memory space is too small have been difficult to adapt to current power and have measured trend complicated, real time implementation.Therefore, high performance flush bonding processor and multiple task operating system are applied in the Automatic meter reading system, realize novel bandwidth carrier concentrator, can improve the overall performance of system significantly.As shown in Figure 1, a kind of low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator of the present invention, its whole concentrator hardware configuration is made up of micro controller unit, data storage cell, electric weight memory cell, power line network bridge communication unit, GPRS communication unit, power module unit six parts.Wherein micro controller unit is the core of whole concentrator, its control data memory cell, the electric weight memory cell, the orderly function of power line network bridge unit and GPRS communication unit, data storage cell is mainly realized kernel mirror image, the storage of file system and user application, the electric weight memory cell mainly realizes the stores synchronized of user's electric quantity data, the power line network bridge communication unit is mainly realized the data interaction between this concentrator and the collector, the GPRS communication unit is mainly realized the data interaction of concentrator and administrative center, and the power module unit mainly is embodied as whole concentrator hardware components provides required power supply.
Described micro controller unit is to adopt Samsung ARM9 S3C2440 processor, and it is based on 32 embedded microprocessors of ARM920T kernel, and maximum operating frequency can reach 533MHz; It has the MMU memory management unit can support embedded OSs such as Windows CE, Linux, have resource on the abundant sheet, as LCD, dma controller, and interface such as USB, Ethernet, UART, camera, touch-screen.
Described data storage cell is the K9F1208 chip (64M * 8bit), be used for Boot Loader, OS kernel mirror image, file system and the user application of stocking system that adopts a slice Samsung; (4M * 16bit * 4Banks) constitutes the Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (being SDRAM) of 64MB, is used for loading Linux operating system and runs application to adopt the HY57V561620 chip of two Samsungs.
Described power line network bridge communication unit is to select for use the 200M of Zhuhai, Guangdong Tianrui company independent research to strengthen version power line network bridge TR-DLQ03C module, it adopts Spain DS2 chipset, it utilizes original low-voltage power line, physical layer communication speed with 200Mbps makes up local area network (LAN) or inserts the Internet, realizes high speed data transfer and network service.Have advantages such as the wiring of exempting from, networking is convenient and swift, terminal moves flexibly.The power line network bridge operation principle: the data that Ethernet interface is come are carried out the D/A conversion and are become analog signal, be modulated to OFDM (OFDM) on 1536 carrier waves of 2M-32M frequency bandwidth, by AFE (analog front end) signal is carried out filtering and adaptive power amplification, be coupled to power line from the PLC signaling interface again and transmit; 1536 carrier signals that are modulated to the 2M-32M frequency bandwidth with OFDM (OFDM) on the power line are extracted from the PLC interface, carry out separating after filtering and adaptive power amplify adjustings, A/D conversion, be reduced to Ethernet data at last and transmit from Ethernet interface output, realization is by the power line transmission data.Have network configuration, network diagnosis and analysis at the power line communication end, reply retransmission mechanism, carrier sense, the relaying below 10 grades and best Route Selection.The power line network bridge module have 10/100M self adaptation Ethernet interface, independently power line bandwidth carrier signal coupling interface, power line bandwidth carrier signal had function is adjusted in automatic dynamic gain, power is adjusted automatically, can prevent between heterogeneous networks interference, have automatic relay and line optimization function, can avoid advantages such as broadcast storm and network loopback.
Described GPRS communication unit is the LQ8110 that adopts Shandong Lichuang Technology Co., Ltd.'s exploitation, and it is for the user provides at a high speed, always online, transparent data transmission channel.LQ8110 is based on the transfer of data and the remote monitoring terminal unit of the GSM/GPRS communication network of communication operator of China Mobile, adopt a technical grade wireless communication terminal product of current forward position Kernel Technology design, be applicable to the various indoor or field extreme environment in the GSM/GPRS network coverage, utilize the GPRS network platform to realize the transparent transmission of data message.Module adopts the RS-485 interface of standard to be connected, to insert SIM card with concentrator RS-485 interface, connect the 5V power supply gets final product operate as normal, automatic dialup after module powers on, stablize online, the broken string redial automatically, according to receiving and send quantity of data packets size generation expense, do not produce expense when not having data traffic.
Described electric weight memory cell provides the storage of large-capacity user electric weight for this concentrator, can select SD card or USB flash disk as the concentrator external memory storage as required flexibly.
Described power module unit is to adopt the 220V alternating current is exported two-way 5V direct voltage after transformer, rectification, filtering, 2 road 5V direct voltages are converted to 2 road 3.3V by two AS2815-33 voltage chips, one road 3.3V voltage is to controller and peripheral circuit device power supply, another road 3.3V voltage is to the GPRS module for power supply, the power supply influence of at utmost having avoided peripheral circuit to bring to controller separately.Because S3C2440 needs 3.3V and two kinds of voltages of 1.3V, so utilize a slice LM1117-ADJ that 3.3V is changed into 1.3V again.Power-supply system provides 5V, 3.3V and 1.3V voltage for the various piece of whole concentrator.
(2) software configuration
Concentrator is communicated by letter with administrative center and is adopted the GPRS communication, and the instruction and data that passive receiving management center issues is temporary to the data buffer zone, invocation protocol is handled function then, according to the agreement regulation, which kind of instruction what judgement administrative center sent is, and makes accordingly and replying.
Concentrator is communicated by letter with collector and is adopted the mode that initiatively issues meter reading instruction and receive ammeter data.Not with when administrative center communicates by letter, concentrator is controlled automatically, finishes the parameter setting before checking meter, the zero-time of checking meter according to administrative center issued again and at interval, the path of checking meter carries out automatic data logging.Judge whether and be frozen into embedded database to the data of copying according to certain form according to setting, so that administrative center extracts the ammeter electric quantity data at any time.Simultaneously, a deciliter instruction is judged to relay, finishes power supply, power operation to ammeter.
Low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator of the present invention, its software architecture schematic diagram as shown in Figure 2.
Software configuration partly is made up of system call, power line network bridge module, RS485 driver module, GPRS wireless communication module, embedded data library module etc.System call is responsible for the task scheduling of whole software system, at first, operating system loads the RS485 driver module, wait for the meter reading instruction that the mind-set concentrator sends in the receiving management by the GPRS wireless communication module again, concentrator receives and calls the power line network bridge module after the meter reading instruction instruction is transmitted to collector, wait for that calling the power line network bridge module once more after collector finishes user's electric quantity acquisition all receives the collector data, call the embedded data library module then and deposit data in database according to the form of appointment, storage operation sends to administrative center with data by the GPRS wireless communication module after finishing again.
Described system call is the core of whole software system, and this system call is made up of the principal function of linux kernel and application program.It is responsible for the task scheduling of whole software system, the sending and control all and finished by system call of the operation task of other module.
Described power line network bridge module by be provided with IP and port, establishment socket, bound socket, monitoring network, etc. to be connected, statement fd_set readset closes, readset closes zero clearing, network port device adds readset and closes, writes the network port device file, reads network port device file etc. and partly form, it is responsible for concentrator and power line network bridge communicates by Ethernet interface, because concentrator need carry out transfer of data by power line network bridge with many acquisition terminals, so as server end, acquisition terminal is as client with concentrator.The agreement that network service is adopted has Transmission Control Protocol and udp protocol, tcp transmission control protocol is a kind of Connection-oriented Protocol, when our network program used this agreement, network can guarantee that our concentrator side and being connected of collector end are reliable, safe; It is a kind of non-Connection-oriented Protocol that UDP message user reports agreement, and this agreement can not guarantee that it is reliably that our network program connects, so this project adopts Transmission Control Protocol.In order to realize communicating by letter of concentrator side and collector end, concentrator side and collector end all must be created socket, concentrator side is after creating socket, need to specify the port of monitoring to wait for collector, therefore also socket and port numbers to be bound, concentrator is in listening state afterwards, wait for that collector connects designated port, behind the connection request that receives collector, concentrator call receiver function set up with collector between communicate by letter, after successfully setting up communication, just can use and read function and write function and communicate.The power line network bridge flow chart as shown in Figure 3.
Described RS485 driver module be by port initialization, with the corresponding open function of application program, with the corresponding ioctl function of application program, partly form with the corresponding close function of application program, establishment file_operations structure, the loading of driver module, the unloading of driver module etc., it mainly is responsible for the reception of RS485 and the switching between the transmission Enable Pin, and driver is write according to the pattern that character device drives.
Described GPRS wireless communication module is by opening the serial equipment file, the serial ports initialization is provided with, open the GPRS device file, the setting of GPRS reception or transmit status, statement fd_set readset closes, readset closes zero clearing, serial equipment adds readset and closes, time-delay, read the serial equipment file, writing serial equipment file etc. partly forms, its mainly responsible concentrator is communicated by letter with administrative center, concentrator and GPRS module adopt 485 interface communications, the difference that 485 communications are communicated by letter with RS232 is that controller need be by the reception and the transmission of IO port controlling 485, so the program of concentrator and GPRS module communication is made up of device driver and application program.Driver is write according to the pattern of character device driver, is loaded in the kernel with the form of module; Application program is mainly finished setting, call driver, the read and write serial port data of serial ports parameter.Under Linux, carry out serial communication and at first need to open the serial equipment file, use the open function to open serial ports, opening operation for serial ports must be used the O_NOCTTY parameter, if this parametric representation opens is a terminal equipment, program can not become the control terminal of corresponding this port; The serial communication parameter is set, mainly comprises baud rate, data bit, parity check bit, position of rest, data flow con-trol etc.; Read and write serial port is by using read function and write function to realize, having used the select function to reach multiplexed purpose when serial ports is carried out read operation.Application flows figure as shown in Figure 4.
Described embedded data library module is partly formed by opening database, establishment form, insertion data, data query etc., it is used for user's electric weight is stored, the present invention adopts the Embedded SQL ite database technology in current forward position, its target is simple as far as possible, therefore it has abandoned all complex characteristics of traditional forms of enterprises's level database, only realizes function indispensable for database.The SQLite database has the following advantages: zero configuration, without any need for managerial layoutprocedure, support SQL92 standard, all deposit data in independent file, the maximum file of supporting can reach 2TB, and volume is little, recall precision is high, be simple and easy to the api interface of usefulness.Before using the SQLite database, to be transplanted to it in the (SuSE) Linux OS earlier, in application program, state sqlite key data structure pointer then, carry out the sqlite3_open function and open database,, directly opens database existing database if having existed, otherwise create a new database, carry out the create statement by the sqlite3_exec function and create form, after receiving the timing user electric quantity data that collector uploads at every turn, carrying out the insert statement by the sqlite3_exec function is stored in user's electric quantity data in the form, when user's history electric weight in a certain integral point moment need be inquired about by administrative center, application program was carried out the select statement by the sqlite3_get_table function and is inquired historical data.The database software flow chart as shown in Figure 5.
Low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator of the present invention, its groundwork process is as follows: the concentrator operation initialize routine that powers on, wait for that administrative center sends meter reading instruction to concentrator and (comprises the timing meter reading time interval, the path of checking meter), after receiving meter reading instruction, concentrator is transmitted to collector with meter reading instruction, wait for that all user's electric quantity acquisitions finish in the collector Jiang Tai district, after concentrator is received all user's electric weight, earlier with user's table number, user's electric weight and the time of checking meter deposit SD card or plug-in USB flash disk memory in, wait for storage finish after with user's table number, the user's electric weight and the time of checking meter are transmitted to administrative center again, and the process of so once checking meter finishes; Concentrator also has the historical electricity quantity inquiring function of user simultaneously, administrative center sends meter reading instruction (comprise the ammeter table number of required inquiry and check meter the time) to concentrator, concentrator receives after the meter reading instruction log-on data library inquiry program immediately, inquire about corresponding user's electric weight according to the ammeter table number and the time of checking meter, and Query Result is transmitted to administrative center.
3, advantage and effect:
A kind of low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator of the present invention, its advantage and beneficial effect are as follows:
1. anti-preferably electromagnetic interference circuit is adopted in the main electronic modular unit design of equipment, gets rid of the influence of electromagnetic interference;
2. realize communicating by letter by power line bandwidth carrier technology, have advantages such as transmission rate is fast, reliability is high, real-time with collector;
3. adopt the GPRS wireless communication technology to solve long-distance transmissions problem between concentrator and the administrative center effectively;
4. adopt embedded database that user's electric weight is managed, solved domestic present concentrator problems such as storage speed is slow when storage user electric weight, memory capacity is little effectively;
5. adopt the multichannel I/O multiplex technique in current forward position, avoided concentrator program when receiving the message that collector or administrative center send to be absorbed in blocked state.
(4) description of drawings:
Fig. 1 hardware configuration schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2 software architecture schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 3 bandwidth carrier power line network bridge schematic flow sheet
Fig. 4 GPRS application flows schematic diagram
Fig. 5 database software schematic flow sheet
Symbol description is as follows among the figure:
1 micro controller unit; 2 data storage cells; 3 electric weight memory cell;
4 power line network bridge communication units; The 5GPRS communication unit; 6 power module unit;
7 system calls; 8 power line network bridge modules; The 9RS485 driver module;
The 10GPRS wireless communication module; 11 embedded data library modules.
(5) embodiment
A kind of low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator of the present invention, it is to be made of hardware configuration and software configuration two large divisions:
(1) hardware configuration
As shown in Figure 1, whole concentrator hardware configuration is made up of micro controller unit 1, data storage cell 2, electric weight memory cell 3, power line network bridge communication unit 4, GPRS communication unit 5, power module unit 6.Wherein micro controller unit 1 is the core of whole concentrator, its control data memory cell 2, electric weight memory cell 3, the orderly function of power line network bridge unit 4 and GPRS communication unit 5, the data storage cell 2 main kernel mirror images of realizing, the storage of file system and user application, the electric weight memory cell 3 main stores synchronized that realize user's electric quantity data, the 4 main data interactions that realize between concentrator and the collector of power line network bridge communication unit, the 5 main data interactions that realize concentrator and administrative center of GPRS communication unit, power module unit 6 mainly is embodied as whole concentrator hardware components provides required power supply.The groundwork process of low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator is as follows: concentrator starts initialize routine by the power supply electrifying that power module unit 6 provides, wait for that by GPRS communication unit 5 administrative center sends meter reading instruction to concentrator and (comprises the timing meter reading time interval, the path of checking meter), after receiving meter reading instruction, concentrator is transmitted to collector with meter reading instruction by power line network bridge communication unit 4, wait for that all user's electric quantity acquisitions finish in the collector Jiang Tai district, after concentrator is received all user's electric weight by power line network bridge communication unit 4, call electric weight memory cell 3 with user's table number, user's electric weight and the time of checking meter deposit SD card or plug-in USB flash disk memory in, wait for storage finish after with user's table number, the user's electric weight and the time of checking meter are transmitted to administrative center by GPRS communication unit 5, and the process of so once checking meter finishes; Concentrator also has the historical electricity quantity inquiring function of user simultaneously, administrative center sends meter reading instruction (comprise the ammeter table number of required inquiry and check meter the time) by GPRS communication unit 5 to concentrator, concentrator calls electric weight memory cell 3 log-on data library inquiry programs after receiving meter reading instruction immediately, inquire about corresponding user's electric weight according to the ammeter table number and the time of checking meter, and Query Result is transmitted to administrative center by GPRS communication unit 5.
Described micro controller unit 1 is to adopt Samsung ARM9 S3C2440 processor, and it is based on 32 embedded microprocessors of ARM920T kernel, and maximum operating frequency can reach 533MHz; It has the MMU memory management unit can support embedded OSs such as Windows CE, Linux, have resource on the abundant sheet, as LCD, dma controller, and interface such as USB, Ethernet, UART, camera, touch-screen.
Described data storage cell 2 is the K9F1208 chip (64M * 8bit), be used for Boot Loader, OS kernel mirror image, file system and the user application of stocking system that adopt a slice Samsung; (4M * 16bit * 4Banks) constitutes the SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory) of 64MB, is used for loading Linux operating system and runs application to adopt the HY57V561620 chip of two Samsungs.
Described electric weight memory cell 3 provides the storage of large-capacity user electric weight for concentrator, can select SD card or USB flash disk as the concentrator external memory storage as required flexibly.
Described broadband power line bridge unit 4 is to select for use the 200M of Zhuhai Tianrui company independent research to strengthen version power line network bridge TR-DLQ03C module, it adopts Spain DS2 chipset, it utilizes original low-voltage power line, physical layer communication speed with 200Mbps makes up local area network (LAN) or inserts the Internet, realizes high speed data transfer and network service.Have advantages such as the wiring of exempting from, networking is convenient and swift, terminal moves flexibly.The power line network bridge operation principle: the data that Ethernet interface is come are carried out the D/A conversion and are become analog signal, be modulated to OFDM (OFDM) on 1536 carrier waves of 2M-32M frequency bandwidth, by AFE (analog front end) signal is carried out filtering and adaptive power amplification, be coupled to power line from the PLC signaling interface again and transmit; 1536 carrier signals that are modulated to the 2M-32M frequency bandwidth with OFDM (OFDM) on the power line are extracted from the PLC interface, carry out separating after filtering and adaptive power amplify adjustings, A/D conversion, be reduced to Ethernet data at last and transmit from Ethernet interface output, realization is by the power line transmission data.Have network configuration, network diagnosis and analysis at the power line communication end, reply retransmission mechanism, carrier sense, the relaying below 10 grades and best Route Selection.The power line network bridge module have 10/100M self adaptation Ethernet interface, independently power line bandwidth carrier signal coupling interface, power line bandwidth carrier signal had function is adjusted in automatic dynamic gain, power is adjusted automatically, can prevent between heterogeneous networks interference, have automatic relay and line optimization function, can avoid advantages such as broadcast storm and network loopback.
Described GPRS communication unit 5 is the LQ8110 that adopt Shandong Lichuang Technology Co., Ltd.'s exploitation, and it is for the user provides at a high speed, always online, transparent data transmission channel.LQ8110 is based on the transfer of data and the remote monitoring terminal unit of the GSM/GPRS communication network of communication operator of China Mobile, adopt a technical grade wireless communication terminal product of current forward position Kernel Technology design, be applicable to the various indoor or field extreme environment in the GSM/GPRS network coverage, utilize the GPRS network platform to realize the transparent transmission of data message.Module adopts the RS-485 interface of standard to be connected, to insert SIM card with concentrator RS-485 interface, connect the 5V power supply gets final product operate as normal, automatic dialup after module powers on, stablize online, the broken string redial automatically, according to receiving and send quantity of data packets size generation expense, do not produce expense when not having data traffic.
Described power module unit 6 is to adopt the 220V alternating current is exported two-way 5V direct voltage after transformer, rectification, filtering, 2 road 5V direct voltages are converted to 2 road 3.3V by two AS2815-33 voltage chips, one road 3.3V voltage is to controller and peripheral circuit device power supply, another road 3.3V voltage is to the GPRS module for power supply, the power supply influence of at utmost having avoided peripheral circuit to bring to controller separately.Because S3C2440 needs 3.3V and two kinds of voltages of 1.3V, so utilize a slice LM1117-ADJ that 3.3V is changed into 1.3V again.Power-supply system provides 5V, 3.3V and 1.3V voltage for the various piece of whole concentrator.
(2) software configuration
Concentrator is communicated by letter with administrative center and is adopted the GPRS communication, and the instruction and data that passive receiving management center issues is temporary to the data buffer zone, invocation protocol is handled function then, according to the agreement regulation, which kind of instruction what judgement administrative center sent is, and makes accordingly and replying.Concentrator is communicated by letter with collector and is adopted the mode that initiatively issues meter reading instruction and receive ammeter data.Not with when administrative center communicates by letter, concentrator is controlled automatically, finishes the parameter setting before checking meter, the zero-time of checking meter according to administrative center issued again and at interval, the path of checking meter carries out automatic data logging.Judge whether and be frozen into embedded database to the data of copying according to certain form according to setting, so that administrative center extracts the ammeter electric quantity data at any time.Simultaneously, a deciliter instruction is judged to relay, finishes power supply, power operation to ammeter.
See Fig. 2, software configuration partly is made up of system call 7, power line network bridge module 8, RS485 driver module 9, GPRS wireless communication module 10, embedded data library module 11 etc.System call 7 is responsible for the task scheduling of whole software system, at first, operating system loads RS485 driver module 9, wait for the meter reading instruction that the mind-set concentrator sends in the receiving management by GPRS wireless communication module 10 again, concentrator receives and calls power line network bridge module 8 after the meter reading instruction instruction is transmitted to collector, wait for that calling power line network bridge module 8 once more after collector finishes user's electric quantity acquisition all receives the collector data, call embedded data library module 11 then and deposit data in database according to the form of appointment, storage operation sends to administrative center with data by GPRS wireless communication module 10 after finishing again.
Described system call 7 is cores of whole software system, and it is responsible for the task scheduling of whole software system, the sending and control all and finished by system call of the operation task of other module.
Described power line network bridge module 8 is responsible for concentrator and power line network bridge communicates by Ethernet interface, because concentrator need carry out transfer of data by power line network bridge with many acquisition terminals, so as server end, acquisition terminal is as client with concentrator.The agreement that network service is adopted has Transmission Control Protocol and udp protocol, tcp transmission control protocol is a kind of Connection-oriented Protocol, when our network program used this agreement, network can guarantee that our concentrator side and being connected of collector end are reliable, safe; It is a kind of non-Connection-oriented Protocol that UDP message user reports agreement, and this agreement can not guarantee that it is reliably that our network program connects, so this project adopts Transmission Control Protocol.In order to realize communicating by letter of concentrator side and collector end, concentrator side and collector end all must be created socket, concentrator side is after creating socket, need to specify the port of monitoring to wait for collector, therefore also socket and port numbers to be bound, concentrator is in listening state afterwards, wait for that collector connects designated port, behind the connection request that receives collector, concentrator call receiver function set up with collector between communicate by letter, after successfully setting up communication, just can use and read function and write function and communicate.The power line network bridge flow chart as shown in Figure 3.
Switching between the reception of described RS485 driver module 9 main responsible RS485 and the transmission Enable Pin, driver is write according to the pattern that character device drives.
Described GPRS wireless communication module 10 main responsible concentrators are communicated by letter with administrative center, concentrator and GPRS module adopt 485 interface communications, the difference that 485 communications are communicated by letter with RS232 is that controller need be by the reception and the transmission of IO port controlling 485, so the program of concentrator and GPRS module communication is made up of device driver and application program.Driver is write according to the pattern of character device driver, is loaded in the kernel with the form of module; Application program is mainly finished setting, call driver, the read and write serial port data of serial ports parameter.Under Linux, carry out serial communication and at first need to open the serial equipment file, use the open function to open serial ports, opening operation for serial ports must be used the O_NOCTTY parameter, if this parametric representation opens is a terminal equipment, program can not become the control terminal of corresponding this port; The serial communication parameter is set, mainly comprises baud rate, data bit, parity check bit, position of rest, data flow con-trol etc.; Read and write serial port is by using read function and write function to realize, having used the select function to reach multiplexed purpose when serial ports is carried out read operation.Fig. 4 is a GPRS application flows schematic diagram.
Described embedded data library module 11 is used for user's electric weight is stored, the present invention adopts the Embedded SQL ite database technology in current forward position, its target is simple as far as possible, so it has abandoned all complex characteristics of traditional forms of enterprises's level database, the function of realization indispensability for database.The SQLite database has the following advantages: zero configuration, without any need for managerial layoutprocedure, support SQL92 standard, all deposit data in independent file, the maximum file of supporting can reach 2TB, and volume is little, recall precision is high, be simple and easy to the api interface of usefulness.Before using the SQLite database, to be transplanted to it in the (SuSE) Linux OS earlier, in application program, state sqlite key data structure pointer then, carry out the sqlite3_open function and open database,, directly opens database existing database if having existed, otherwise create a new database, carry out the create statement by the sqlire3_exec function and create form, after receiving the timing user electric quantity data that collector uploads at every turn, carrying out the insert statement by the sqlite3_exec function is stored in user's electric quantity data in the form, when user's history electric weight in a certain integral point moment need be inquired about by administrative center, application program was carried out the select statement by the sqlite3_get_table function and is inquired historical data.Fig. 5 is the database software schematic flow sheet.
When concentrator is worked, copy and accept user's electric weight of collector earlier according to the timing meter reading time interval of giving tacit consent in the concentrator and the path of checking meter, wait for collector with user's electric weight upload finish after, start embedded database storage operation, with the electric supply meter table number, user's electric quantity data, the time synchronized of checking meter deposits in the database, after the database storage EO, the RS485 bus is switched to transmit status, with the electric supply meter table number, user's electric quantity data, the time communication protocol according to the rules of checking meter sends to administrative center by the GPRS radio communication, and just the RS485 bus switches to accepting state again; Administrative center can reset the time interval of checking meter, and can select following four kinds of action types: regularly check meter immediately, regularly history is checked meter, single is checked meter immediately, single history is checked meter, above operation communication protocol is according to the rules sent to concentrator by the GPRS radio communication, concentrator receives after the meter reading instruction that administrative center issues, decision instruction is to check meter immediately or history is checked meter, if history is checked meter, then log-on data library inquiry operation, the data communication protocol according to the rules that inquires is sent to administrative center by the GPRS radio communication, if for checking meter immediately, then communication protocol according to the rules will be instructed and be sent to collector by broadband power line bridge module, collector receives after the meter reading instruction that concentrator issues, gather user's electric weight according to command request, after having gathered whole user's electric weight, user's electric quantity data is uploaded to concentrator by broadband power line bridge module, concentrator is carried out data storage operations earlier after receiving data, again user's electric quantity data is sent to administrative center by the GPRS radio communication.
Claims (7)
1. low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator, it is characterized in that: it is to be made of hardware configuration and software configuration two large divisions, this hardware configuration is the hardware platform of whole low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator, and this software configuration is based on the driver and the application program of exploitation under this hardware platform;
Described hardware configuration, by micro controller unit, data storage cell, the electric weight memory cell, the power line network bridge communication unit, GPRS communication unit and power module unit six parts are formed, relation is therebetween: micro controller unit is the core of whole concentrator, its control data memory cell, the electric weight memory cell, the orderly function of power line network bridge unit and GPRS communication unit, data storage cell is realized kernel mirror image, the storage of file system and user application, the electric weight memory cell realizes the stores synchronized of user's electric quantity data, the power line network bridge communication unit is realized the data interaction between concentrator and the collector, the GPRS communication unit is realized the data interaction of concentrator and administrative center, and the power module unit is embodied as whole concentrator hardware components provides required power supply;
Described software configuration is made up of system call, power line network bridge module, RS485 driver module, GPRS wireless communication module and embedded data library module; Relation is therebetween: system call is responsible for the task scheduling of whole software system, operating system loads the RS485 driver module, wait for the meter reading instruction that the mind-set concentrator sends in the receiving management by the GPRS wireless communication module again, concentrator receives and calls the power line network bridge module after the meter reading instruction instruction is transmitted to collector, wait for that calling the power line network bridge module once more after collector finishes user's electric quantity acquisition all receives the collector data, call the embedded data library module then and deposit data in database according to the form of appointment, storage operation sends to administrative center with data by the GPRS wireless communication module after finishing again;
This system call is the core of whole software system, this system call is made up of the principal function of linux kernel and application program, it is responsible for the task scheduling of whole software system, the sending and control all and finished by system call of the operation task of other module;
This power line network bridge module by be provided with IP and port, establishment socket, bound socket, monitoring network, etc. to be connected, statement fd_set readset closes, readset closes zero clearing, network port device adds readset and closes, writes the network port device file and read the network port device file and form, it is responsible for concentrator and power line network bridge communicates by Ethernet interface, and the agreement that network service is adopted has Transmission Control Protocol and udp protocol;
This RS485 driver module by port initialization, with the corresponding open function of application program, with the corresponding ioctl function of application program, with the corresponding close function of application program, create file_operations structure, the loading of driver module and the unloading of driver module and form, it mainly is responsible for the reception of RS485 and the switching between the transmission Enable Pin, and driver is write according to the pattern that character device drives;
This GPRS wireless communication module by open serial equipment file, serial ports initialization setting, open the GPRS device file, GPRS receives or the setting of transmit status, statement fd_set readset are closed, readset closes zero clearing, serial equipment adds readset and closes, delays time, reads the serial equipment file and write the serial equipment file and form, its mainly responsible concentrator is communicated by letter with administrative center, concentrator and GPRS module adopt 485 interface communications, so the program of concentrator and GPRS module communication is made up of device driver and application program; Driver is write according to the pattern of character device driver, is loaded in the kernel with the form of module; Application program is mainly finished setting, call driver, the read and write serial port data of serial ports parameter;
This embedded data library module is formed by opening database, establishment form, insertion data and data query, and it is used for Embedded SQL ite database technology is adopted in the storage of user's electric weight.
2. a kind of low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this micro controller unit is to adopt Samsung ARM9S3C2440 processor, it is based on 32 embedded microprocessors of ARM920T kernel, and maximum operating frequency reaches 533MHz and has the MMU memory management unit.
3. a kind of low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this data storage cell is to adopt the K9F1208 chip of a slice Samsung and the HY57V561620 chip of two Samsungs.
4. a kind of low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this power line network bridge communication unit is to select for use the 200M of Zhuhai, Guangdong Tianrui company independent research to strengthen version power line network bridge TR-DLQ03C module, it adopts Spain DS2 chipset, utilize original low-voltage power line, with physical layer communication speed structure local area network (LAN) or the access the Internet of 200Mbps.
5. a kind of low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this GPRS communication unit is the LQ8110 that adopts Shandong Lichuang Technology Co., Ltd.'s exploitation.
6. a kind of low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this electric weight memory cell selects SD card, USB flash disk as the concentrator external memory storage as required.
7. a kind of low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this power module unit is to adopt two AS2815-33 chips and a slice LM1117-ADJ chip.
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| CN201010241983XA CN101931435A (en) | 2010-07-30 | 2010-07-30 | Low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator |
| CN 201110118458 CN102194309B (en) | 2010-07-30 | 2011-05-09 | Low-voltage power line broadband carrier concentrator |
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| CN201010241983XA CN101931435A (en) | 2010-07-30 | 2010-07-30 | Low-voltage power line bandwidth carrier concentrator |
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| CN102194309B (en) | 2013-10-23 |
| CN102194309A (en) | 2011-09-21 |
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