CN101928153B - Calcium hexaluminate and corundum composite porous light heat insulation refractory brick - Google Patents
Calcium hexaluminate and corundum composite porous light heat insulation refractory brick Download PDFInfo
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- CN101928153B CN101928153B CN 201010269867 CN201010269867A CN101928153B CN 101928153 B CN101928153 B CN 101928153B CN 201010269867 CN201010269867 CN 201010269867 CN 201010269867 A CN201010269867 A CN 201010269867A CN 101928153 B CN101928153 B CN 101928153B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a calcium hexaluminate and corundum composite porous light heat insulation refractory material, in particular to a high-quality refractory material for high temperature kiln liners, which has the advantages of low heat conductivity, high strength, high stability in high-temperature reducing atmosphere, high alkali and scouring corrosion resistance and long service life, and belongs to the technical field of refractory materials. The main phases of the refractory material are a calcium hexaluminate phase and a corundum phase; and the main chemical compositions of the refractory material are Al2O3 and CaO which account for over 95 weight percent. CaCO3, Ca(OH)2, CaO and the like are taken as calcium sources, and Al2O3, Al(OH)3 and the like are taken as aluminium sources; and a preparation method comprises the following steps of: uniformly mixing Al2O3 and CaO according to a molar ratio of more than 6, grinding, adding a certain amount of pore-forming material, uniformly stirring, and performing a series of technological processes such as forming, drying, sintering, cutting and the like to prepare the calcium hexaluminate and corundum composite porous light heat insulation refractory material. The heat insulation refractory material is a light refractory brick for the high temperature kiln liners, which has the advantages of low heat conductivity, high strength and long service life, and can provide high-efficiency and energy-saving guarantee for industrial furnace equipment.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of calcium hexaluminate and corundum complex phase porous light heat insulating refractory materials and preparation method thereof, belong to fire resisting material field.
Background technology:
China's Economic development is rapid, and the development of Energy production relatively lags behind manyly.Tenth Five-Year Plan Period, China's economy kept 9% rate of growth, and disposable Energy production amount rate of increase then only reaches about 4%.It is energy-conservation solving another way of energy starved, promptly reduces the utilising efficiency of thermosteresis, raising heat energy, reduces energy dissipation.In the world energy conservation project is considered as " the 5th energy ", its meaning is very important.Calculate that according to national departments concerned all kinds of kilns of China and heat supply pipeline are because insulation is not good at, annual thermosteresis is amounted to about 3000～4,000 ten thousand tons of mark coal.Adopt the novel heat insulation technology to transform, make these kilns and heat supply pipeline reduce thermosteresis 20～30%, fully possible, this will make annual mark coal 600～8,000,000 ton of saving of China.Therefore, greatly develop lagging material industry, extensively adopt high-quality heat-insulation and heat-preservation material, health, the steady progression of China's economic construction had important practical significance.
The Industrial Stoves furnace lining generally accounts for 20～45% of Industrial Stoves total energy consumption with the accumulation of heat and the heat lost by radiation of thermal insulation material.Common pure aluminium silicate light weight refractory brick, high alumina light weight refractory brick, alumina hollow ball refractory brick and refractory fibre product are traditional industrial kiln lightweight refractories.Former three exists that density is higher, thermal conductivity is higher, heat storage capacity is big, anti-thermal shock less stable, work-ing life are short, problem such as energy-saving effect difference in the use.Though refractory fibre product is being confirmed aspect the energy-saving effect of kiln fully, limits the outstanding problem that it continues development but still exist, as: the very low effect that can't bear support structure of intensity; Use temperature easy efflorescence and fall slag more than 1200 ℃ the time, and the erosive wear performance of high temperature resistance Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid (high-temperature flue gas and high-temperature flue gas/solid combustion particle) is relatively poor, not only work-ing life shorter, also have a strong impact on the surface quality of Low fire ceramic product " it is dirty to fall " defective; In production and use, there is carcinogenic risk (European Union has classified alumina-silicate ceramic fibre as two class carcinogenic substance and limit production); The refractory fibre price is very high, particularly high temperature Al
2O
3Fibre product, the light high performance Al that produces as Britain Morgan Thermal Ceramics company and Japanese Aesop Lai Te company
2O
3Fiber composite is high temperature resistant insulating ceramic material, price at home is up to 550,000～600,000 yuans per ton.Therefore, for solving the problem that the traditional industry kiln exists with lightweight refractory, research and development novel light heat-insulating material is very necessary.
Therefore, be that more external big refractory materials manufacturers and domestic many refractory factories of representative have all been developed the refractory lining of various novel light refractory brick as kiln with Britain J. P. Morgan ﹠ Co..As lime feldspar series light fire brick, mullite light fire brick, corundum-mullite light fire brick etc., but these materials respectively have quality.Lime feldspar series light fire brick (lime feldspar fusing point: 1550 ℃; Light cinder brick thermal conductivity: 0.17-0.18W/mK, 800 ℃) though thermal conductivity near aluminum silicate fiber, because its hot strength is lower, causes use temperature lower, maximum operation (service) temperature is from 1100 ℃ to 1260 ℃.Mullite light fire brick (mullite fusing point: 1850 ℃; Light cinder brick thermal conductivity: 0.31-0.36W/mK, 800 ℃; Use temperature is from 1430 ℃ to 1540 ℃) and corundum-mullite light fire brick corundum fusing point: 2050 ℃; Light cinder brick thermal conductivity: 0.44-0.51W/mK, 800 ℃; Maximum operation (service) temperature is from 1650 ℃ to 1760 ℃) though higher use temperature is arranged, thermal conductivity is higher than the aluminum silicate fiber liner far away.Mullite light fire brick alkali resistant erosion performance is poor simultaneously, is not suitable for using under alkaline condition, and is also unstable in reducing atmosphere, easily resolves into Al
2O
3And SiO
2
(its chemical formula is CaAl to calcium hexaluminate
12O
19Or CaO6Al
2O
3, be abbreviated as CA
6) be that the aluminium calcium with stronger anti-hydratability is high temperature resistant compound, fusing point is 1875 ℃, the coefficient of expansion is near Al
2O
3, be a kind of refractory materials that receives much attention at present.CA
6Belong to hexagonal system, perpendicular to the axial O of C
2-The velocity of diffusion ratio to be parallel to the axial velocity of diffusion of C fast, have the characteristic of preferential formation sheet or platelike crystal.At Al such as corundum-spinel, aluminous cement combined corundum, alumina-magnesia castables
2O
3In-MgO-CaO system the refractory materials, CA
6The reaction product under the hot conditions normally, its form of flake crystal be interspersed in corundum mutually or spinel mutually between, can improve the mechanical property of refractory materials, at high temperature can keep bigger specific surface area, good high temperature insulating effect can be arranged; Simultaneously good stability is arranged under high-temperature reductibility atmosphere, have alkali resistant erosional competency and slag corrosion resistance ability preferably.Existing at home and abroad at present much to CA
6The research of lagging material, and develop mature C A
6The porous material product, this material crystals similar has extremely low thermal conductivity in the fibrous texture of ceramic fiber.
Because CA
6Distinctive crystalline structure and character make it obtain paying attention to as the new type high temperature lagging material, lightweight calcium hexaluminate insulating refractory is a kind of novel light high-temperature heat insulation refractory materials, compare with traditional mullite lightweight refractory, has higher use temperature, the pore of micron order and submicron order, the microstructure of en plaque, lower thermal conductivity, low volume density, high chemical stability and good characteristics such as alkali resistant aggressiveness, can reduce accumulation of heat loss and heat lost by radiation as the high temperature modification ceramic kiln significantly with the lightweight insulating refractory, have a very important role for improving the net heat utilization ratio.But the hot strength of calcium hexaluminate is low also to be an important factor of its widespread use of restriction.Therefore, develop a kind of low thermal conductivity, high-intensity porous light refractory brick is energy-conservation significant to China's high temperature kiln industry.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention seeks to exist thermal conductivity higher and influence energy-saving effect with the diamond spar series light fire brick at present inner lining of kiln, lightweight calcium hexaluminate insulating refractory intensity is hanged down problems such as influencing work-ing life, utilize the corundum resistance to elevated temperatures good, the calcium hexaluminate thermal conductivity is low, good stability, alkali resistant erosional competency and slag corrosion resistance ability be better and calcium hexaluminate and Al under high-temperature reductibility atmosphere
2O
3The characteristics that the coefficient of expansion is very approaching, a kind of calcium hexaluminate and corundum complex phase porous light heat insulating refractory materials and preparation method thereof are proposed, reach the purpose of the light fire brick used of energy-efficient, the long-life hot industry kiln lining of preparation, thereby contribute for the energy-conservation of hot industry.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention is a kind of calcium hexaluminate and corundum complex phase porous light heat insulating refractory materials and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that: the main high temperature resistant thing of this refractory brick mutually for calcium hexaluminate mutually with corundum mutually; The main chemical compositions of this refractory brick is: Al
2O
390.6%～96.7wt.%, CaO0.01～8.31wt.%, other content of impurities is less than 2.0wt.%.
The used calcium source raw material of described preparation calcium hexaluminate is lime carbonate, calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide etc., and the particle size of raw material is less than 0.15mm.The used aluminium source raw material of described preparation calcium hexaluminate is aluminum oxide (α-Al
2O
3Or γ-Al
2O
3Can, require α-Al
2O
3〉=99.0%, γ-Al
2O
3〉=99.0%), aluminium hydroxide etc., the particle size of raw material is less than 0.15mm.
A kind of calcium hexaluminate that the present invention proposes and corundum complex phase porous light heat insulating refractory materials and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that: described method at first is according to Al with various raw materials
2O
3Behind the proportion ingredient of/CaO＞6 (mol ratio), mix earlier, be milled down to screen over-size less than the aperture sieve of 0.060mm then together less than 2.0wt.%; The powder that will take out from grinding machine adds and accounts for 0.1～18.0% of total batching and burn to lose pore-forming material and (burn and lose pore-forming material and can be chosen as wherein one or more of wood chip sawdust or other plant powder or polystyrene spheres or coke powder or coal powder or activated carbon etc. and can lose pore-forming material as burning burning the material that loses greater than 1000 ℃, its particle diameter≤3.0mm) mix together, add 6～30% drinkable water after mixing again and stir, the pug that obtains adopts vibrating casting manufacturing process be shaped (also available mud extruder extrusion molding or manual ramming or castable or machine moulding).The first seasoning 12～24h at room temperature of wet base after the shaping is dried in 50～200 ℃ in dry kiln then.The adobe that drying is good is packed into and is burnt till in the high temperature kiln, 1450～1700 ℃ of final firing temperatures, to burn till the cooled adobe of kiln discharge on request size cut, promptly obtain low thermal conductivity of the present invention, good stability, alkali resistant erosional competency and the slag corrosion resistance ability is better, intensity is high, long-life calcium hexaluminate and corundum complex phase porous light heat insulating refractory materials under high-temperature reductibility atmosphere.The correlated performance of this calcium hexaluminate and corundum complex phase porous light heat insulating refractory materials reaches: volume density≤0.48g/cm
3, 400 ℃ of thermal conductivity≤0.12w/mk, 800 ℃ of thermal conductivity≤0.20w/mk, folding strength 〉=1.0MPa, compressive strength 〉=1.5MPa.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is described further:
Raw material of the present invention is: the used calcium source raw material of described preparation calcium hexaluminate is lime carbonate, calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide etc., and the particle size of raw material is less than 0.15mm.The used aluminium source raw material of described preparation calcium hexaluminate is aluminum oxide (α-Al
2O
3Or γ-Al
2O
3Can, require α-Al
2O
3〉=99.0%, γ-Al
2O
3〉=99.0%), aluminium hydroxide etc., the particle size of raw material is less than 0.15mm.
A kind of calcium hexaluminate that the present invention proposes and corundum complex phase porous light heat insulating refractory materials and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that: described method at first is according to Al with various raw materials
2O
3Behind the proportion ingredient of/CaO＞6 (mol ratio), mix earlier, be milled down to screen over-size less than the aperture sieve of 0.060mm then together less than 2.0wt.%; The powder that will take out from grinding machine adds and accounts for 0.1～18.0% of total batching and burn to lose pore-forming material and (burn and lose pore-forming material and can be chosen as wherein one or more of wood chip sawdust or other plant powder or polystyrene spheres or coke powder or coal powder or activated carbon etc. and can lose pore-forming material as burning burning the material that loses greater than 1000 ℃, its particle diameter≤3.0mm) mix together, add 6～30% drinkable water after mixing again and stir, the pug that obtains adopts vibrating casting manufacturing process be shaped (also available mud extruder extrusion molding or manual ramming or castable or machine moulding).The first seasoning 12～24h at room temperature of wet base after the shaping is dried in 50～200 ℃ in dry kiln then.The adobe that drying is good is packed into and is burnt till in the high temperature kiln, 1450～1700 ℃ of final firing temperatures, to burn till the cooled adobe of kiln discharge on request size cut, promptly obtain low thermal conductivity of the present invention, good stability, alkali resistant erosional competency and the slag corrosion resistance ability is better, intensity is high, long-life calcium hexaluminate and corundum complex phase porous light heat insulating refractory materials under high-temperature reductibility atmosphere.Preparation technology's flow process of a kind of calcium hexaluminate and corundum complex phase porous light heat insulating refractory materials is:
Raw material → batching → dry ball milling → add pore-forming material → stirring → shaping → drying → burn till → process → check
Embodiment 1
Raw material and proportioning:
(require CaCO with lime carbonate
3〉=99.0%) be the calcium source, aluminium hydroxide (requires Al (OH)
3〉=99.0%) be the aluminium source, the particle size of raw material is less than 0.15mm.
Batching, levigate:
At first with various raw materials according to Al
2O
3The proportioning of/CaO＞6 (mol ratio) is packed into and is milled down to screen over-size less than the aperture sieve of 0.060mm in the grinding machine less than 3.0wt.%.
Add pore-forming material and stir shaping:
Add the polystyrene spheres that accounts for total batching 8.0%, the wood chip sawdust of total batching 4.0% (requires its particle diameter≤3.0mm), the compound that ball milling is good mixed 10 minutes with polystyrene spheres, wood chip sawdust, add 6% drinkable water again and stirred the pug that obtains pressurization and vibration castable 5 minutes.
Dry:
Wet base after the shaping is seasoning 12h at room temperature, then in dry kiln prior to 100 ℃ of dry 4h, in 200 ℃ of oven dry 8h, make water ratio≤3.0% of green compact again.
Burn till:
The adobe that drying is good is packed into and is burnt till in the kiln, 1500 ℃ of final firing temperatures.Calcining system is: 900 ℃ of insulation 4h, 1300 ℃ of insulation 4h, 1500 ℃ of insulation 5h.
Processing, check:
With the adobe after burning till on request size cut and promptly obtain corresponding calcium hexaluminate lightweight refractory brick.
The main performance index of resulting product is as follows:
Suitable use temperature: 1600 ℃; Volume density: 0.47g/cm
3Strength at normal temperature 1.6MPa; Cold crushing strength: 2.5MPa; 400 ℃ of thermal conductivitys are 0.12w/mk, and 800 ℃ of thermal conductivitys are 0.19w/mk.
Embodiment 2
Raw material and proportioning:
With calcium oxide (requiring CaO 〉=99.0%) is the calcium source, γ-Al
2O
3(require Al
2O
3〉=99.0%) be the aluminium source, the particle size of raw material is less than 0.15mm.
Batching, levigate:
At first with various raw materials according to Al
2O
3The proportioning of/CaO＞6 (mol ratio) the ball mill ball milling 12h that packs into is milled down to screen over-size less than the aperture sieve of 0.060mm less than 3.0wt.% with raw material.
Add pore-forming material and stir shaping:
Adding the polystyrene spheres account for total batching 10% (requires that its particle diameter≤3.0mm), the compound that ball milling is good mixed 10 minutes with polystyrene spheres, adds 6% drinkable water again and stirred the pug that obtains pressurization and vibration castable 5 minutes.
Dry:
Wet base after the shaping is seasoning 12h at room temperature, then in dry kiln prior to 100 ℃ of dry 4h, in 200 ℃ of oven dry 8h, make water ratio≤3.0% of green compact again.
Burn till:
The adobe that drying is good is packed into and is burnt till in the kiln, 1550 ℃ of final firing temperatures.Calcining system is: 900 ℃ of insulation 4h, 1300 ℃ of insulation 4h, 1550 ℃ of insulation 5h.
Processing, check:
With the adobe after burning till on request size cut and promptly obtain corresponding calcium hexaluminate lightweight refractory brick.
The main performance index of resulting product is as follows:
Suitable use temperature: 1650 ℃; Volume density: 0.46g/cm
3Strength at normal temperature 1.4MPa; Cold crushing strength: 2.2MPa; 400 ℃ of thermal conductivitys are 0.11w/mk, and 800 ℃ of thermal conductivitys are 0.17w/m.k.
Embodiment 3
Raw material and proportioning:
(require CaC0 with lime carbonate
3〉=99.0%) is the calcium source, γ-Al
2O
3(require Al
2O
3〉=99.0%) be the aluminium source, the particle size of raw material is less than 0.15mm.
Batching, levigate:
At first with various raw materials according to Al
2O
3The proportioning of/CaO＞6 (mol ratio) the ball mill ball milling 12h that packs into is milled down to screen over-size less than the aperture sieve of 0.060mm less than 3.0wt.% with raw material.
Add pore-forming material and stir shaping:
Add and to account for 10.0% coke powder of total batching and 4.0% wood chip sawdust and (require its particle diameter≤3.0mm), compound was mixed 30 minutes with coke powder, add 13% drinkable water again and stirred 5 minutes, the pug that obtains is shaped with vibrating casting and obtains base substrate.
Dry:
Wet base after the shaping is seasoning 12h at room temperature, then in dry kiln prior to 100 ℃ of dry 4h, in 200 ℃ of oven dry 8h, make water ratio≤3.0% of green compact again.
Burn till:
The adobe that drying is good is packed into and is burnt till in the kiln, 1580 ℃ of final firing temperatures.Calcining system is: 900 ℃ of insulation 4h, 1300 ℃ of insulation 4h, 1580 ℃ of insulation 5h.
Processing, check:
With the adobe after burning till on request size cut and promptly obtain corresponding calcium hexaluminate lightweight refractory brick.
The main performance index of resulting product is as follows:
Suitable use temperature: 1700 ℃; Volume density: 0.45g/cm
3Strength at normal temperature 1.2MPa; Cold crushing strength: 1.8MPa; 400 ℃ of thermal conductivitys are 0.10w/mk, and 800 ℃ of thermal conductivitys are 0.16w/mk.
Claims (1)
1. calcium hexaluminate and corundum complex phase porous light heat insulating refractory brick is characterized in that: with CaCO
3〉=99.0% lime carbonate is the calcium source, with Al (OH)
3〉=99.0% aluminium hydroxide is the aluminium source, and the particle size of raw material is less than 0.15mm; Its preparation method is: at first with various raw materials according to Al
2O
3Pack in the grinding machine greater than 6 proportioning with the mol ratio of CaO, be milled down to screen over-size less than the aperture sieve of 0.060mm less than 3.0wt.%, the polystyrene spheres that accounts for total batching 8.0% and the wood chip sawdust that accounts for total batching 4.0% that add particle diameter≤3.0mm, mixed together 10 minutes, adding 6% drinkable water again stirred 5 minutes, the pug that obtains pressurization and vibration castable, wet base after the shaping is seasoning 12h at room temperature, then in dry kiln prior to 100 ℃ of dry 4h, again in 200 ℃ of oven dry 8h, make water ratio≤3.0% of green compact, the adobe that drying is good is packed into and is burnt till in the kiln, 1500 ℃ of final firing temperatures, calcining system is: 900 ℃ of insulation 4h, 1300 ℃ of insulation 4h, 1500 ℃ of insulation 5h, with the adobe after burning till on request size cut and promptly obtain corresponding light fire brick; The main performance index of resulting product is as follows: suitable use temperature: 1600 ℃; Volume density: 0.47g/cm
3Strength at normal temperature 1.6MPa; Cold crushing strength: 2.5MPa; 400 ℃ of thermal conductivitys are 0.12w/mk, and 800 ℃ of thermal conductivitys are 0.19w/mk.
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| JP5261917B2 (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2013-08-14 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Refractory construction method, refractory, and kiln |
| CN101734937A (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2010-06-16 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Lightweight spinel refractory bricks and preparation method thereof |
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