CN101923227B - Thermotropic display element and thermotropic display device - Google Patents
Thermotropic display element and thermotropic display device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101923227B CN101923227B CN2010102625502A CN201010262550A CN101923227B CN 101923227 B CN101923227 B CN 101923227B CN 2010102625502 A CN2010102625502 A CN 2010102625502A CN 201010262550 A CN201010262550 A CN 201010262550A CN 101923227 B CN101923227 B CN 101923227B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- thermotropic display
- display element
- upper substrate
- cnt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000002238 carbon nanotube film Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 dioctyl phthalate glycol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005338 frosted glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical group [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HGAZMNJKRQFZKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical compound ClC=C.CC(=O)OC=C HGAZMNJKRQFZKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000007926 Craterellus fallax Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000007175 Datura inoxia Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- SKRWFPLZQAAQSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N stibanylidynetin;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Sn].[Sb] SKRWFPLZQAAQSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001202 Cs alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000000177 Indigofera tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000583 Nd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002322 conducting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZXJXZNDDNMQXFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M crystal violet Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1[C+](C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C)C)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 ZXJXZNDDNMQXFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001235 gentian violet Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005337 ground glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940097275 indigo Drugs 0.000 description 1
- COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indigo powder Natural products N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N1 COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MRNHPUHPBOKKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;tin;hydrate Chemical compound O.[In].[Sn] MRNHPUHPBOKKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Landscapes
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a thermotropic display element, which comprises a sealed shell, a first heating element and a second heating element, wherein the sealed shell comprises an upper substrate and a lower substrate which are oppositely arranged; the first heating element is arranged on the upper substrate; and the second heating element is arranged on the lower substrate. The upper substrate has a semitransparent structure and comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The thermotropic display element also comprises a color material layer, wherein the color material layer is arranged inside the sealed shell and is converted through phase change between the upper substrate and the lower substrate under alternative heating action of the first heating element and the second heating element. The invention also provides a thermotropic display device which applies the thermotropic display element.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of thermotropic display element and use the thermotropic display device of this thermotropic display element.
Background technology
At present, Electronic Paper is a kind of display device that does not need backlight relatively more commonly used.Electronic Paper is a kind of novel information carrier, owing to can substitute traditional paper, has a wide range of applications and huge commercial value in multiple fields such as advertisement, newspaper, books.The Electronic Paper that occurs in the market mainly adopts electrophoretic display technology.Electrophoretic display technology comprises microcapsule-type electrophoretic techniques, little glass of type electrophoretic techniques and electronics powder fluid technology.
The microcapsule-type electrophoretic techniques is the charged particle of black, white dichromatism and electrophoretic medium to be packaged in the microencapsulation drop structure form microcapsules, conductive backings and transparency conducting layer is set two ends respectively up and down at each microcapsules then.Through conductive backings and transparency conducting layer microcapsules are applied the lifting moving that electric field is controlled different electric charge black and white particles in the microcapsules, to demonstrate the monochromatic display effect of black and white.
Little glass of type electrophoretic techniques is that coating pressing mold liquid on the plastic sheeting of transparency conducting layer is being arranged; Produce little glass of array through the molded journey of continous way minute-pressure; After inserting the white particle of electrophoretic medium and positively charged, the coating seal fluid solidifies again, and then conductive backings and transparency conducting layer are set.Form positive negative electric field through power supply to conductive backings and transparency conducting layer and come the white particle of rotating band positive electricity to move, form the pattern that eyes are seen.
Electronics powder fluid technology be with electrophoretic medium and the band positive and negative charge the black-and-white two color powder-tight between two base plates with electrode.Through applying electric field having between two base plates of electrode, make respectively black-and-white two color flow of powder, to reach show image with positive and negative charge.
Yet owing to all need use charged particle in the Electronic Paper of above-mentioned application electrophoretic display technology, charged particle generally is merely white and two kinds of black, causes Electronic Paper can not realize colored demonstration.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the necessary cost that provides is lower, can realize colored thermotropic display element and the display device that shows.
A kind of thermotropic display element, it comprises: a closure casing, this closure casing comprise a upper substrate and an infrabasal plate, and this infrabasal plate and upper substrate are oppositely arranged; One first heating element, this first heating element is arranged on this upper substrate; One second heating element, this second heating element is arranged on this infrabasal plate; Wherein, said upper substrate is translucent structure, and it comprises a first surface and one and the first surface opposing second surface; This thermotropic display element further comprises a colored materials layer, and this colored materials layer is arranged in this closure casing and under the alternately heat effect of first heating element and second heating element and changes through phase transformation position between upper substrate and infrabasal plate.
With respect to prior art; Thermotropic display element provided by the invention and thermotropic display device are through heating element heating colored materials layer; The colored materials layer is undergone phase transition become gas, thereby the colored materials layer of this gaseous state is realized colored the demonstration through evolution, because the color rich of colored materials layer; Therefore, the color of this thermotropic display element is than horn of plenty.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic top plan view of the thermotropic display element that first embodiment of the invention provided.
Fig. 2 is the side sectional view of the thermotropic display element that first embodiment of the invention provided.
Fig. 3 is for being used as the stereoscan photograph of the CNT membrane of heating element in the thermotropic display element of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is for being used as the stereoscan photograph of the CNT waddingization film of heating element in the thermotropic display element of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is for being used as the stereoscan photograph of the CNT laminate of heating element in the thermotropic display element of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the side-looking diagrammatic cross-section of the thermotropic display element that second embodiment of the invention provided.
Fig. 7 is the schematic side view of thermotropic display device provided by the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation that first battery lead plate is electrically connected with first heating element of thermotropic display element in Fig. 7 thermotropic display device.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation that second battery lead plate is electrically connected with second heating element of thermotropic display element in Fig. 7 thermotropic display device.
The main element symbol description
Thermotropic display element 100,200
Closure casing 102,202
First heating element 106,206
Second heating element 108,208
Colored materials layer 110,210
First electrode 114,214
Second electrode 116,216
Space 120,220
First battery lead plate 42
Second battery lead plate 44
First surface 420
First column electrode 422
The first row electrode 424
First grid 426
Embodiment
Below will combine accompanying drawing that thermotropic display element of the present invention and thermotropic display device are done further
Specify.
See also Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, first embodiment of the invention provides a kind of thermotropic display element 100, and this thermotropic display element 100 comprises a closure casing 102, and this closure casing 102 comprises a upper substrate 1022 and an infrabasal plate 1024; This closure casing 102 comprises a space 120, and this space 120 is between upper substrate 1022 and infrabasal plate 1024; One colored materials layer 110, this colored materials layer 110 is arranged in the space 120, and contacts with this infrabasal plate 1024, and this colored materials layer 110 is the solid colored materials, and it undergoes phase transition at a certain temperature and becomes gaseous state; One first heating element 106, this first heating element 106 is arranged at upper substrate; One second heating element 108, this second heating element 108 is arranged at infrabasal plate; First heating element 106 and second heating element 108 all are used to heat colored materials layer 110.This thermotropic display element 100 further comprises at least two first electrodes 114 and at least two second electrodes 116.These at least two first electrodes 114 are electrically connected with this first heating element 106 respectively, and these at least two second electrodes 116 are electrically connected with this second heating element 108 respectively.
The shape of said closure casing 102 is not limit, and can be structures such as cube, rectangular parallelepiped, triangular prism, right cylinder.Said closure casing 102 further comprises side plate 1026, and closure casing 102 is formed by said upper substrate 1022, said infrabasal plate 1024 and side plate 1026 encapsulation.The shape of said upper substrate 1022, infrabasal plate 1024 or side plate 1026 is not limit, and can be the plane tabular structure, can be curved slab shape structure yet.In the present embodiment, said closure casing 102 is a cube structure, and said upper substrate 1022 is oppositely arranged with this infrabasal plate 1024.This closure casing 102 comprises four side plates 1026, and these four side plates 1026 are arranged between upper substrate 1022 and the infrabasal plate 1024.Said upper substrate 1022, infrabasal plate 1024 and four side plates 1026 encapsulation form these closure casings 102, and said space 120 is surrounded by upper substrate 1022, infrabasal plate 1024 and four side plates 1026.Said upper substrate 1022 is a translucent substrate, and said upper substrate 1022 comprises a first surface 1022a and a second surface 1022b, and said second surface 1022b is intended for this closure casing 102 inside.At least one is a rough surface among said first surface 1022a and the second surface 1022b, promptly comprises three kinds of situation: said first surface 1022a is a rough surface, and said second surface 1022b is a plane; Said second surface 1022b is a rough surface, and said first surface 1022a is a plane; Said first surface 1022a and second surface 1022b are rough surface.In the present embodiment, said second surface 1022b is a rough surface, thereby the penetrability of this upper substrate 1022 is reduced, and transmittance probably is about 40%～80%.The material of said upper substrate can or have the transparent polymer material of rough surface for frosted glass (ground glass or sand blasting glass etc.).Said transparent polymer material comprises polyphenyl dioctyl phthalate glycol ester (PET), polyimide (PI), polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), tygon (PE), polychloroprene (PC) or PVC (PVC).In the present embodiment, upper substrate 1022 is the frosted glass substrate that a single face is thrown hair.The material of said infrabasal plate 1024 and four side plates 1026 is an insulating material, can be pottery, plastics, rubber etc.The material of said upper substrate 1022 and infrabasal plate 1024 is preferably resistant to elevated temperatures material.
The material of said colored materials layer 110 is a colored materials, and this colored materials is in solid state at normal temperatures.Be heated under the fixed temperature, this colored materials layer 110 undergoes phase transition and becomes gaseous state.The material of this colored materials layer 110 can be for being prone to the solid of distillation, like iodine or naphthalene etc.The material of this colored materials layer 110 can also be for being prone to the distillation colored pigment, as indigo, and gentian violet, magenta, lemon yellow etc.This colored materials layer 110 is arranged at 120 inside, space.
Said first heating element 106 can be arranged at upper substrate 1022 first surface 1022a.Said first heating element 106 also should be a transparent layered structure.Said first heating element 106 can be a tin indium oxide (ITO) film or a CNT stratiform structure.Said second heating element 108 can be arranged at the outside surface or the inside surface of infrabasal plate 1024.The outside surface of said infrabasal plate 1024 refers to a surface that is positioned at closure casing 102 outsides of infrabasal plate 1024, and the inside surface of said infrabasal plate 1024 refers to a surface that is positioned at closure casing 102 inside of infrabasal plate 1024.In the present embodiment, said second heating element 108 is arranged at the outside surface of infrabasal plate 1024, to second space 122 heat is provided through this infrabasal plate 1024.This second heating element 108 is a stratiform structure, can be transparent also can be opaque.Said second heating element 108 can be a metal level, an ito thin film or a CNT stratiform structure.Through the effect of first heating element 106 and second heating element 108, gas-solid phase transformation position conversion between upper substrate 1022 and infrabasal plate 1024 alternately takes place in said colored materials layer 110 in 120 inside, said space.
Said CNT stratiform structure comprises one deck carbon nano-tube film at least.When CNT stratiform structure comprises at least two-layer carbon nano-tube film, this two-layer at least CNT film-stack setting or be arranged side by side.Said carbon nano-tube film comprises equally distributed CNT, combines closely through Van der Waals force between the CNT.CNT in this carbon nano-tube film is unordered or orderly arrangement.The lack of alignment here refers to that the orientation of CNT is irregular, and the orderly arrangement here refers to that the orientation of most at least CNTs has certain rule.Particularly, when carbon nano-tube film comprised the CNT of lack of alignment, CNT twined each other or isotropy is arranged; When CNT stratiform structure comprised orderly carbon nanotubes arranged, CNT was arranged of preferred orient along a direction or a plurality of directions.In the present embodiment, preferably, said CNT stratiform structure comprises the carbon nano-tube film of a plurality of range upon range of settings, and this CNT stratiform thickness of structure is preferably 0.5 nanometer～1 millimeter.Preferably, this CNT stratiform thickness of structure is 100 nanometers～0.1 millimeter.The transparency that is appreciated that CNT stratiform structure is relevant with CNT stratiform thickness of structure, when CNT stratiform thickness of structure more hour, the penetrability of this CNT stratiform structure is good more.The unit area thermal capacitance of said CNT stratiform structure is less than 2 * 10
-4Every square centimeter of Kelvin of joule.Preferably, the unit area thermal capacitance of said CNT stratiform structure can be smaller or equal to 1.7 * 10
-6Every square centimeter of Kelvin of joule.Because the thermal capacitance of CNT is less, so the heating element that is made up of this CNT stratiform structure has thermal response speed faster, can be used for object is carried out Fast Heating.The thermal response speed that is appreciated that CNT stratiform structure is relevant with its thickness.Under situation of the same area, CNT stratiform thickness of structure is big more, and thermal response speed is slow more; Otherwise CNT stratiform thickness of structure is more little, and thermal response speed is fast more.
See also Fig. 3, said carbon nano-tube film can be a CNT membrane.This CNT membrane is for directly pulling a kind of carbon nano-tube film of acquisition from carbon nano pipe array.The self supporting structure that each carbon nano-tube film is made up of some CNTs.Said some CNTs are arranged of preferred orient along same direction for basic.The whole bearing of trend that said preferred orientation is meant most of CNTs in carbon nano-tube film basically in the same direction.And the whole bearing of trend of said most of CNTs is basically parallel to the surface of carbon nano-tube film.Further, most CNTs are to join end to end through Van der Waals force in the said carbon nano-tube film.Particularly, each CNT joins end to end through Van der Waals force with adjacent CNT on bearing of trend in the most of CNTs that extend basically in the same direction in the said carbon nano-tube film.Certainly, have the CNT of minority random alignment in the said carbon nano-tube film, these CNTs can not arranged the overall orientation of most of CNTs in the carbon nano-tube film and constitute obviously influence.Said self-supporting is that carbon nano-tube film does not need large-area supported; And as long as the relative both sides power of providing support can be unsettled on the whole and keep self membranaceous state; When being about to this carbon nano-tube film and placing (or being fixed in) at interval on two supporters being provided with of a fixed range, the carbon nano-tube film between two supporters can the membranaceous state of unsettled maintenance self.Said self-supporting is mainly through existing the continuous Van der Waals force that passes through to join end to end and extend carbon nanotubes arranged and realize in the carbon nano-tube film.
Particularly, the most CNTs that extend basically in the same direction in the said carbon nano-tube film, and nisi linearity, bending that can be suitable; Perhaps be not fully according to arranging on the bearing of trend, can be suitable depart from bearing of trend.Therefore, can not get rid of between the CNT arranged side by side in the most CNTs that extend basically in the same direction of carbon nano-tube film and possibly have the part contact.
The thickness of said CNT membrane is 0.5 nanometer～100 micron, and width is relevant with the size of the carbon nano pipe array that pulls this CNT membrane, and length is not limit.Concrete structure of said CNT membrane and preparation method thereof saw also people such as Fan Shoushan in application on February 9th, 2007, in disclosed CN101239712A China's Mainland publication application in Augusts 13 in 2008.For saving space, only be incorporated in this, but all technology of said application disclose the part that also should be regarded as application technology of the present invention exposure.
When said CNT stratiform structure adopts the CNT membrane; It can comprise the multilayer carbon nanotube membrane of range upon range of setting; And along the axial formation one intersecting angle α of CNT in each layer, α spends (0 °≤α≤90 °) more than or equal to 0 degree smaller or equal to 90 between the CNT in the adjacent two layers CNT membrane.Have the gap between said a plurality of CNT membrane or between the adjacent CNT among CNT membrane, thereby in carbon nano tube structure, form a plurality of micropores, the aperture of micropore is approximately less than 10 microns.
See also Fig. 4, said carbon nano-tube film can also be a CNT waddingization film.The carbon nano-tube film of said CNT waddingization film for forming through a waddingization method.This CNT waddingization film comprises mutual winding and equally distributed CNT.Attract each other, twine through Van der Waals force between the said CNT, form network-like structure.Said CNT waddingization film isotropy.The length and the width of said CNT waddingization film are not limit.Because in CNT waddingization film, CNT twines each other, so this CNT waddingization film has good flexible, and is a self supporting structure, can bending fold becomes arbitrary shape and does not break.The area and the thickness of said CNT waddingization film are not all limit, and thickness is 1 micron～1 millimeter.
Said carbon nano-tube film can also be for through rolling the CNT laminate that a carbon nano pipe array forms.This CNT laminate comprises equally distributed CNT, and CNT is arranged of preferred orient along same direction or different directions.CNT also can be isotropic.CNT in said CNT laminate part each other overlaps, and attracts each other through Van der Waals force, combines closely.CNT in the said CNT laminate forms an angle β with the surface of the growth substrate that forms carbon nano pipe array, and wherein, β is more than or equal to 0 degree and smaller or equal to 15 degree (0≤β≤15 °).Different according to the mode that rolls, the CNT in this CNT laminate has different spread patterns.See also Fig. 5, when rolling along same direction, CNT is arranged of preferred orient along a fixed-direction.Be appreciated that CNT can be arranged of preferred orient along a plurality of directions when when different directions rolls.This CNT laminate thickness is not limit, and being preferably is 1 micron～1 millimeter.The area of this CNT laminate is not limit, by the size decision of the carbon nano pipe array that rolls membrane.When the size of carbon nano pipe array is big, can rolls and make larger area CNT laminate.
Have the following advantages when adopting CNT stratiform structure: one of which as first heating element 106 or second heating element 108; Because CNT stratiform structure is made up of CNT; CNT is difficult for oxidized, and therefore the life-span of first heating element 106 or second heating element 108 is longer; Its two, the density of said CNT shape structure is less, so the lighter weight of this thermotropic display element 100; Its three, CNT stratiform structure has pliability preferably, can bend arbitrarily and is not destroyed, therefore, this thermotropic display element 100 can be made flexible structure; Its four, the thermal capacitance of CNT stratiform structure is less, thermal response speed is fast, and thermotropic display element 100 is quick on the draw, and realizes faster display effect and wiping effect.
Said at least two first electrodes 114 are used to connect first heating element 106 and the external circuit; Make external circuit pass through these at least two first electrodes 114 and feed electric current to first heating element 106; Thereby make this first heating element 106 produce Joule heat, play heat effect.Said at least two first electrodes 114 are arranged at the surface of first heating element 106.Described at least two first electrodes 114 can be arranged at the surface of this first heating element 106 through a conductive adhesive (figure does not show); Conductive adhesive is realizing that first electrode 114 is fixed in the surface while of first heating element 106 better, can also make between first electrode 114 and first heating element 106 to keep good electrical contact.This conductive adhesive can be elargol.Said at least two first electrodes 114 are processed by conductive material, and its shape is not limit, and can be conducting film, sheet metal or metal lead wire.When these at least two first electrodes 114 are arranged at this first heating element 106 surperficial; For preventing that these at least two first electrodes 114 from influencing the light transmission of first heating element 106; The quantity of this first electrode 114 is preferably two, and this first electrode 114 is that wire or banded structure or first electrode 114 are for being the good material of light transmission.These at least two first electrodes 114 are respectively one deck conducting film.The material of this conducting film can be metal, alloy, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony tin oxide (ATO), conductive silver glue, conducting polymer or conductive carbon nanotube etc.This metal or alloy material can be the alloy of aluminium, copper, tungsten, molybdenum, gold, titanium, neodymium, palladium, caesium or its combination in any.In the present embodiment, the quantity of first electrode 114 is two, and its material is a strip metal palladium film, and thickness is 5 microns, and these two first electrodes 114 are arranged at the two ends of first heating element 106 respectively, and are parallel to each other.When first heating element 106 adopts a CNT stratiform structure, when this CNT stratiform structure comprises a plurality of orderly CNT, these a plurality of ordered carbon nanotubes axially be basically perpendicular to this at least two first electrodes 114.Further, said at least two first electrodes 114 are electrically connected with external circuit through contact conductor (figure does not show) respectively.
Said at least two second electrodes 116 are used to connect second heating element 108 and the external circuit; Make external circuit pass through these at least two second electrodes 116 and feed electric current to second heating element 108; Thereby make this second heating element 108 produce Joule heat, play heat effect.Said at least two second electrodes 116 are arranged at the surface of second heating element 108.The material of said at least two second electrodes 116 is identical with the material of first electrode 114, between the set-up mode between second electrode 116 and second heating element 108 and first electrode 114 and first heating element 106 that relation is set is identical.Further, said at least two second electrodes 116 are electrically connected with external circuit through contact conductor (figure does not show) respectively.
The principle of work of this thermotropic display element 100 is based on colored materials layer 110 and is arranged at replacing under the heat effect through phase transformation position conversion between upper substrate 1022 and infrabasal plate 1024 in this closure casing and at first heating element 106 and second heating element 108; Be specially: at non-show state; Colored materials layer 110 is positioned at said infrabasal plate; Because upper substrate 1022 is half transparent configuration; There is certain distance between colored materials layer 110 and the upper substrate 1022, therefore can't passes through upper substrate 1022 Show Colors.When passing through infrabasal plate 1024 to 110 heating of colored materials layer through second heating element 108; This colored materials layer 110 is undergone phase transition under a fixed temperature become gaseous state; The colored materials layer 110 of this gaseous state touches upper substrate 1022; Because the temperature of upper substrate 1022 is lower, the colored materials layer 110 of this gaseous state becomes again solid-state on the second surface 1022b of upper substrate 1022.At this moment, because upper substrate 1022 be half transparent configuration, colored materials layer 110 can show the color of color material layer 110 through upper substrate 1022 after being formed on the surface of upper substrate 1022, thereby can realize the color demonstration of thermotropic display element 100.And because the second surface 1022b of upper substrate 1022 is a rough surface, the colored materials layer is prone to adhere on this second surface 1022b.When thermotropic display element 100 needs erasure color; Through the colored materials layer 110 on first heating element, the 106 heating upper substrates 1022; Colored materials layer 110 is undergone phase transition under a fixed temperature become gaseous state; Because the temperature of infrabasal plate 1024 is lower, the colored materials layer 110 of this gaseous state becomes again solid-state on the surface of infrabasal plate 1024.At this moment,, there is certain distance between colored materials layer 110 and the upper substrate 1022, therefore can't pass through upper substrate 1022 Show Colors, thereby the color that has realized thermotropic display element 100 wiped because upper substrate 1022 is half transparent configuration.
Thermotropic display element provided by the invention has the following advantages: first; Described thermotropic display element and thermotropic display device are through heating element heating colored materials layer; The colored materials layer is undergone phase transition become gas, thereby the colored materials layer of this gaseous state is realized colored the demonstration through evolution, because the color rich of colored materials layer; Therefore, the color of this thermotropic display element is than horn of plenty; The second, said thermotropic display element and thermotropic display device need not charged particle, and cost is lower; The 3rd, even said thermic thermotropic display element under the situation of outage, also can make the colored materials layer keep certain color, still can realize colored the demonstration, help energy savings.Said thermotropic display element and thermotropic display device can be applied to fields such as advertisement, newspaper, books.
See also Fig. 6, second embodiment of the invention provides a kind of thermotropic display element 200, and this thermotropic display element 200 comprises a closure casing 202, and this closure casing 202 comprises a upper substrate 2022 and an infrabasal plate 2024; This closure casing 202 comprises a space 220, and this space 220 is between upper substrate 1022 and infrabasal plate 2024; One colored materials layer 210, this colored materials layer 210 is arranged in the space 220, and contacts with this infrabasal plate 2024; One first heating element 206 is arranged at upper substrate; One second heating element 108 is arranged at infrabasal plate 2024.This thermotropic display element 200 further comprises at least two first electrodes 214 and at least two second electrodes 216.These at least two first electrodes 214 are electrically connected with this first heating element 206 respectively, and these at least two second electrodes 216 are electrically connected with this second heating element 208 respectively.
The structure of the thermotropic display element 100 that the thermotropic display element 200 that present embodiment provided and first embodiment are provided is basic identical; Its difference is, the position of said first heating element 206 and second heating element 208 and the set-up mode of first electrode 214 and second electrode 216.
Said first heating element 206 is arranged at the inside surface of upper substrate 2022, is positioned at the inside in space 220, directly contacts with colored materials layer 210.Said at least two first electrodes 214 are electrically connected with first heating element 206 respectively.In the present embodiment, the quantity of first electrode 214 is two, and these two first electrodes 214 lay respectively at the two ends of first heating element 206, and each first electrode 214 and first heating element 206 are in contact with one another.First electrode 214 comprises an extension 2142, and this extension 2142 extends to the outside of closure casing 202.The extension 2142 of this first electrode 214 makes this first electrode 214 be electrically connected with external circuit.
Said second heating element 208 is arranged at the inside surface of infrabasal plate 2024, is positioned at the inside in space 220, directly contacts with colored materials layer 210.Said at least two second electrodes 216 are electrically connected with second heating element 208 respectively.In the present embodiment, the quantity of second electrode 216 is two, lays respectively at the two ends of second heating element 208, and each second electrode 216 and second heating element 208 are in contact with one another.Second electrode 216 comprises an extension 2162, and this extension 2162 extends to the outside of closure casing 202.The extension 2162 of this second electrode 216 makes this second electrode 216 be electrically connected with external circuit.
The thermotropic display element 200 that present embodiment provided; Because first heating element 206 and second heating element 208 lay respectively at the inside in space 220; Can distinguish directly to 210 heating of colored materials layer; Thermal losses is less, and firing rate is very fast, makes the display speed of thermotropic display element 200 very fast.
The present invention further provides a kind of thermotropic display device of using above-mentioned thermotropic display element.Said thermotropic display device comprises that a plurality of thermotropic display elements are arranged by determinant and forms a pel array; And one drive circuit and a plurality of contact conductor, the heating element that this driving circuit is controlled each thermotropic display element respectively through said a plurality of contact conductors works alone.Particularly; The embodiment of the invention is with shared one first battery lead plate of first heating element in a plurality of thermotropic display elements; Shared one second battery lead plate of second heating element of a plurality of thermotropic display elements, and independently control each thermotropic display element work with the realization display effect through the addressing circuit that the row-column electrode on first battery lead plate and second battery lead plate forms.To be example below, thermochromatic display device of the present invention is done further to specify with the thermochromatic display device of the thermotropic display element 100 of using first embodiment of the invention.
See also Fig. 7, the present invention provides a kind of thermotropic display device 40 that uses above-mentioned thermotropic display element 100.This thermotropic display device comprise one first battery lead plate 42, one second battery lead plate 44 and be arranged at this first battery lead plate 42 and second battery lead plate 44 between a plurality of thermotropic display elements 100.Said first battery lead plate 42 and second battery lead plate 44 are oppositely arranged.
See also Fig. 8, said first battery lead plate 42 is a transparency carrier, and it comprises a first surface 420.Said first battery lead plate 42 comprises a plurality of first column electrodes 422 and a plurality of first row electrodes 424, and these a plurality of first column electrodes 422 are arranged in a crossed manner in the first surface 420 of this first battery lead plate 42 with a plurality of first row electrodes 424.Mutually insulated between these a plurality of first column electrodes 422 and a plurality of first row electrode 424.Be provided with at interval between said a plurality of first column electrode 422, be provided with at interval between said a plurality of first row electrodes 424.Form one first grid 426 between adjacent two first column electrodes 422 and adjacent two the first row electrodes 424.See also Fig. 9, said second battery lead plate 44 comprises a second surface 440.The structure of said second battery lead plate 44 is identical with the structure of first battery lead plate 42, and it comprises a plurality of second column electrodes 442 of the second surface 440 that is arranged on second battery lead plate 44, a plurality of secondary series electrode 444 and a plurality of second grid 446.
The first surface 420 of said first battery lead plate 42 and the second surface of second battery lead plate 44 440 be in the face of being provided with, and a plurality of second column electrodes 442 on a plurality of first column electrodes 422 on the said first surface 420, a plurality of first row electrode 424 and a plurality of first grid 426 and the second surface 440, a plurality of secondary series electrode 444 and a plurality of second grid 446 are distinguished corresponding one by one.Per two corresponding first grids 426 that are provided with and second grid 446 constitute a display unit.Each thermotropic display element 100 is arranged in the display unit, between first battery lead plate 42 and second battery lead plate 44.These a plurality of thermotropic display elements 100 are arranged and are formed a plurality of row and columns.100 pairs of each thermotropic display elements should thermotropic display device 40 a pixel.Please in the lump referring to Fig. 2, the upper substrate 1022 of each thermotropic display element 100 is arranged in first grid 426 of first battery lead plate 42, and is in contact with one another with the first surface 420 of this first battery lead plate 42.Because first heating element 106 is arranged at the surface of upper substrate 1022, first heating element 106 is arranged in first grid 426, and is electrically connected with first column electrode 422 and the first row electrode 424 respectively through two first electrodes 114.The infrabasal plate 1024 of this thermotropic display element 100 is positioned at second grid 446 with the 426 corresponding settings of this first grid, and is in contact with one another with second battery lead plate 44.Because second heating element 108 is arranged at the surface of infrabasal plate 1024, second heating element 108 is arranged in first grid 426, and is electrically connected with secondary series electrode 444 with second column electrode 442 respectively through two second electrodes 116.Two first electrodes 114 on the said upper substrate 1022 are electrically connected with one first column electrode 422 and one first row electrode 424 of forming this first grid 426 respectively.These two first electrodes 114 can be electrically connected with this first column electrode 422 and the first row electrode 424 through contact conductor respectively.That is, one first electrode 114 of the thermotropic display element 100 of each row is electrically connected with one first column electrode 422, and one first electrode 114 of the thermotropic display element 100 of each row is electrically connected with one first row electrode 424.Two second electrodes 116 on each said infrabasal plate 1024 are electrically connected with one second column electrode 442 and a secondary series electrode 444 of forming this second grid 446 respectively; Promptly; One second electrode 116 of the thermotropic display element 100 of each row is electrically connected with one second column electrode 442, and one second electrode 116 of the thermotropic display element 100 of each row is electrically connected with a secondary series electrode 444.
Further, can further comprise at least one supporting construction (figure does not show) between said first battery lead plate 42 and second battery lead plate 44.This at least one supporting construction is used to support first battery lead plate 42 and second battery lead plate 44, first battery lead plate 42 and second battery lead plate 44 is provided with at interval, thereby makes thermotropic display element 100 between first battery lead plate 42 and second battery lead plate 44.This at least one supporting construction can prevent that first battery lead plate 42 or 44 pairs of thermotropic display elements of second battery lead plate from producing pressure, has protective effect to thermotropic display element 100.Particularly; This at least one supporting construction can be for being arranged on the frame between first battery lead plate 42 and second battery lead plate 44; This at least one supporting construction and first battery lead plate 42 and 44 encapsulation of second battery lead plate form an enclosed construction, and these a plurality of thermotropic display elements 100 are positioned at this enclosed construction.
This thermotropic display device is through the row-column electrode on first battery lead plate and second battery lead plate, and first heating element and second heating element are realized the display effect and the wiping effect of this thermotropic display device.Simultaneously, through controlling the conducting of different row-column electrodes, realize the demonstration of different pixels point, thereby show different patterns or font.Through the colored materials layer of different colours is set, can realize the demonstration of a plurality of colors in different thermotropic display elements.
In addition, those skilled in the art also can do other variations in spirit of the present invention, and certainly, these all should be included within the present invention's scope required for protection according to the variation that the present invention's spirit is done.
Claims (14)
1. thermotropic display element, it comprises:
One closure casing, this closure casing comprise a upper substrate and an infrabasal plate, and said upper substrate comprises a first surface and one and the first surface opposing second surface, and said infrabasal plate and upper substrate are oppositely arranged;
One first heating element, this first heating element is arranged at this upper substrate;
One second heating element, this second heating element is arranged at this infrabasal plate;
It is characterized in that; Said upper substrate is translucent structure; This thermotropic display element further comprises a colored materials layer, and this colored materials layer is arranged in this closure casing and under the alternately heat effect of first heating element and second heating element and changes through phase transformation position between upper substrate and infrabasal plate, and this colored materials layer is prone to distillation; Be in solid-stately at normal temperatures, be heated to and become gaseous state after the uniform temperature.
2. thermotropic display element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, at least one surface is a rough surface in said first surface and the second surface.
3. thermotropic display element as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said closure casing further comprises side plate; The encapsulation of this side plate and this upper substrate, infrabasal plate forms said closure casing, and this closure casing has the space that surrounded by upper substrate, infrabasal plate and side plate, and said colored materials layer is arranged in this space.
4. thermotropic display element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the penetrability of said upper substrate is 40%～80%.
5. thermotropic display element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said upper substrate is frosted glass or the transparent polymer material with rough surface.
6. thermotropic display element as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, said transparent polymer material is polyphenyl dioctyl phthalate glycol ester, polyimide, polystyrene, polypropylene, tygon, polychloroprene or PVC.
7. thermotropic display element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said first heating element is a transparent layered structure, and this first heating element is arranged at the first surface or the second surface of said upper substrate.
8. thermotropic display element as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, said first heating element is indium tin oxide films or CNT stratiform structure.
9. thermotropic display element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said second heating element is arranged at the inside surface or the outside surface of said infrabasal plate, and said second heating element is metal level, indium tin oxide films or CNT stratiform structure.
10. like claim 8 or 9 described thermotropic display elements, it is characterized in that said CNT stratiform structure comprises one deck carbon nano-tube film at least, this carbon nano-tube film comprises a plurality of through the interconnective CNT of Van der Waals force.
11. thermotropic display element as claimed in claim 10; It is characterized in that; The same direction of the most of carbon nanotube-based present dynasty in the said carbon nano-tube film is extended, and each CNT joins end to end through Van der Waals force with adjacent CNT on bearing of trend in the most of CNTs that extend basically in the same direction.
12. thermotropic display element as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, the unit area thermal capacitance of said CNT stratiform structure is less than 2 * 10
-4Every square centimeter of Kelvin of joule.
13. thermotropic display element as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the material of said colored materials layer is iodine or naphthalene.
14. a thermotropic display device, it comprises:
One first battery lead plate, this first battery lead plate comprise a plurality of first column electrodes and a plurality of first row electrode, and these a plurality of first column electrodes and a plurality of first row electrode crossing are provided with and form a plurality of first grids;
One second battery lead plate; This second battery lead plate comprises a plurality of second column electrodes and a plurality of secondary series electrode; These a plurality of second column electrodes and a plurality of secondary series electrode crossing are provided with and form a plurality of second grids; Said second battery lead plate and first battery lead plate are oppositely arranged, and first grid and second grid are corresponding one by one, and first grid of every pair of correspondence and second grid constitute a display unit;
A plurality of thermotropic display elements, each thermotropic display element correspondence respectively are arranged in each display unit, and between first battery lead plate and second battery lead plate, this thermotropic display element is any described thermotropic display element in the claim 1 to 13;
First heating element of each thermotropic display element is connected with one first row electrode electricity with one first column electrode of first battery lead plate respectively;
Second heating element of each thermotropic display element is connected with a secondary series electrode electricity with one second column electrode of second battery lead plate respectively.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102625502A CN101923227B (en) | 2010-08-25 | 2010-08-25 | Thermotropic display element and thermotropic display device |
| US12/913,977 US8432602B2 (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2010-10-28 | Chromatic element and chromatic display device using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102625502A CN101923227B (en) | 2010-08-25 | 2010-08-25 | Thermotropic display element and thermotropic display device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101923227A CN101923227A (en) | 2010-12-22 |
| CN101923227B true CN101923227B (en) | 2012-11-21 |
Family
ID=43338247
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102625502A Active CN101923227B (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2010-08-25 | Thermotropic display element and thermotropic display device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101923227B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103728742B (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2017-01-18 | 北京富纳特创新科技有限公司 | Thermochromism display element and thermochromism display device |
| CN103728741B (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2016-08-10 | 北京富纳特创新科技有限公司 | Thermochromatic element and thermochromatic display device |
| CN103728744B (en) | 2012-10-15 | 2016-12-21 | 北京富纳特创新科技有限公司 | Thermotropic display element and thermotropic display device |
| CN103728743B (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2017-02-01 | 北京富纳特创新科技有限公司 | Thermochromism display element and thermochromism display device |
| CN104865767B (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2019-06-04 | 福建师范大学 | A kind of Electrochromic composite material and electrochromic device and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6287485B1 (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 2001-09-11 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Volume-modulation coloration producing material, volume-modulation coloration producing composition, and optical element and method for optical modulation using the composition |
| CN102116942A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-07-06 | 清华大学 | Thermal display component and thermal display device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0652359B2 (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1994-07-06 | 旭化成工業株式会社 | Display converter |
-
2010
- 2010-08-25 CN CN2010102625502A patent/CN101923227B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6287485B1 (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 2001-09-11 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Volume-modulation coloration producing material, volume-modulation coloration producing composition, and optical element and method for optical modulation using the composition |
| CN102116942A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-07-06 | 清华大学 | Thermal display component and thermal display device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP平2-170138A 1990.06.29 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101923227A (en) | 2010-12-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102116942B (en) | Thermal display component and thermal display device | |
| CN102116943B (en) | Thermotropic display element and thermotropic display device | |
| CN101819335B (en) | Thermochromatic element and thermochromatic display device | |
| US8724210B2 (en) | Thermochromatic device and thermochromatic display apparatus | |
| CN102103276B (en) | Thermochromatic element and thermochromatic display device | |
| CN102103274B (en) | Thermochromic element and thermochromic display device | |
| CN101923227B (en) | Thermotropic display element and thermotropic display device | |
| US9261715B2 (en) | Thermochromatic device and thermochromatic display apparatus | |
| US9239474B2 (en) | Thermochromatic element and thermochromatic display apparatus | |
| CN103728744B (en) | Thermotropic display element and thermotropic display device | |
| US8432602B2 (en) | Chromatic element and chromatic display device using the same | |
| TWI454817B (en) | Thermochromatic device and thermochromatic display apparatus | |
| TWI487971B (en) | Thermochromic element and thermochromic display apparatus | |
| TWI443617B (en) | Thermochromatic device and thermochromatic display apparatus | |
| TWI603130B (en) | Thermochromic element and thermochromic display apparatus | |
| TWI426477B (en) | Thermochromatic device and thermochromatic display apparatus | |
| TWI451373B (en) | Thermochromatic device and thermochromatic display apparatus | |
| TWI387834B (en) | Thermochromic element and thermochromic display apparatus | |
| KR20200125804A (en) | Transparent Electrode and the Smart Window Film Having the Same | |
| WO2011122745A1 (en) | Electronic paper display device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |