CN101921017A - Water plant imitating biological carrier, polyurethane composite material and water quality purifying technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a water plant imitating biological carrier, a polyurethane composite material and a water quality purifying technology. The water plant imitating biological carrier comprises a multiple structure formed from a polyurethane layer, fiber web layers and fiber yarn layers, wherein the polyurethane layer is located in the inner layer; the two fiber web layers are respectively covered on the upper surface and the lower surface of the polyurethane layer; and the two fiber yarn layers are respectively covered on the external surface of the two fiber web layers. The polyurethane composite material contains 2-6 wt% of activated carbon fiber and 94-98 wt% of polyurethane. In the water quality purifying technology, submersible type photo-electro-magnetic river lake water quality purifying device is adopted with the water plant imitating type biological carrier to operate in the same area for water quality purification. When used for purifying bodies of surface water, the invention has the advantages of no land occupation by equipment, low investment cost and operating cost, high the removal efficiency on organic pollutants, and good application prospect, and the purification efficiency is more than 2 times greater than that of whole ecological restoration.

Description

Plant imitating biological carrier, compound polyurethane material and water purifying process

Technical field

The invention belongs to sewage and river lake water process field, relate in particular to a kind of plant imitating biological carrier, be used for the fibrolaminar matrix material of this plant imitating biological carrier charcoal, and adopt this plant imitating biological carrier to carry out the technology of purification of water quality.

Background technology

Along with socioeconomic high development, the industrialization and the urbanization of human society increasingly sharpen, and water pollutes serious day by day.The sewage of a lot of unprocessed mistakes directly is discharged into rivers and lakes, make rivers and lakes slowly lose self-purification capacity, the first-generation water that formation is representative with black smelly anoxic pollutes, or formation is the s-generation water pollution of representative with heavy metal, noxious chemical pollution, or formation is the third generation water pollution of representative with the pollution of nutritive element excess, more very be that the three generations pollutes simultaneously and occurs in a lot of rivers and lakes, rivers and lakes water pollutes serious day by day.

At the seriousness of the problems referred to above, a lot of environmentalists have also invented a lot of technology.Flow Technologies such as oxygenating machine, biological bed, biological island, bio-strip, artificial swamp, manpower rapid-infiltration as water body being carried out manually making of artificial oxygenation.It is big that but these technology also exist floor space, and investment and working cost height are low to organic pollutant removal efficient, perhaps take effect and wait problem slowly.

In addition, also occur a kind of pure ecological micro-polluted water at present and handle material, this material is made of side by side some microbiological treatment sheets, the lower end is fixed during installation, the upper end microbe stuffing suspends in water, fluctuate with current, the likeness in form pasture and water, artificial pasture and water hence obtain one's name, it is installed in the water body, can from outward appearance to inner essence form aerobic layer, double oxygen layer, anaerobic layer, hold concurrently oxygen layer, five bio-reaction zones of aerobic layer successively at the microbiological treatment sheet according to the transmission gradient of oxygen, the application of this material does not need power source, saves running cost.But this artificial pasture and water specific area is big inadequately, so the ability of water quality treatment is still limited.

Summary of the invention

First goal of the invention of the embodiment of the invention is to provide a kind of plant imitating biological carrier, and it is big inadequately to be intended to solve existing artificial pasture and water specific area, the problem that water quality treatment is limited in one's ability.

The plant imitating biological carrier of the embodiment of the invention, comprise layer of polyurethane, fiber web layer and fiber yarn layer, described layer of polyurethane is positioned at nexine, described fiber web layer has two-layer, be covered in the upper and lower surface of layer of polyurethane respectively, described fiber yarn layer has two-layer, is covered in the outside surface of described two fiber web layers respectively.

Second another purpose of invention of the embodiment of the invention is to provide a kind of compound polyurethane material that is used for above-mentioned plant imitating biological carrier layer of polyurethane.

The embodiment of the invention be used for above-mentioned plant imitating biological carrier layer of polyurethane compound polyurethane material, contain the urethane of active carbon fibre peacekeeping 94wt%～98wt% of 2wt%～6wt%.

The 3rd goal of the invention of the embodiment of the invention is to provide a kind of and adopts above-mentioned plant imitating biological carrier to carry out the technology that water purifies, being intended to solve prior art, to exist floor space big, investment and working cost height, low to organic pollutant removal efficient, take effect and wait problem slowly.

The water purifying process of the embodiment of the invention, adopt the work of submersible type photoelectromagnetism river and lake water quality refining plant and the above-mentioned imitative pasture and water formula bio-carrier of right same district to carry out the water purifying treatment, submersible type photoelectromagnetism river lake water disinfection device, comprise the sewage suction apparatus, ozonizer, gas-water mixer, cleaner and diving electric control box, the sewage suction apparatus, gas-water mixer and cleaner connect in regular turn, all being arranged at the river gushes, the lake, man-made lake, fountain, the bottom, view fishpond, described sewage suction apparatus offers the water-in that can suck sewage, its water outlet place is communicated with gas-water mixer, and the magnetizing apparatus that can magnetize current is housed on its connecting pipeline, described gas-water mixer be provided with one can with place the water surface on or the gas that is communicated with of the ozonizer of water mix the chamber, described gas mixes the chamber and is communicated with the cleaner water inlet, described cleaner water inlet place also offers can suck on every side a water inlet more than the sewage, and the cleaner water outlet is positioned at the river and gushes, the lake, man-made lake, fountain, water surface site is closed in the view fishpond.

Compared with prior art, the plant imitating biological carrier of technique scheme, owing to adopt the multiplet structure of being made up of layer of polyurethane, fiber web layer and fiber yarn layer, thereby specific surface area is big, the plant imitating biological carrier ability of disposing of sewage is strong, the efficient height.Layer of polyurethane adopts the matrix material that contains activated carbon fiber and urethane, the adding of activated carbon fiber has improved wetting ability, the porosity of polyurethane foam, improve polyurethane foam carrier biocompatibility, chemistry and Biostatic performance, prolonged the work-ing life of polyurethane foam.Adopt submersible type photoelectromagnetism river and lake water quality refining plant to unite above-mentioned imitative pasture and water formula bio-carrier sewage and river lake water are carried out the technology that ecological purification is handled, because gush in this whole river that directly is arranged at of submersible type photoelectromagnetism river and lake water quality refining plant, the lake, man-made lake, fountain, at the bottom of the ponds such as view fishpond, can not occupy any land area, thereby has saving pipe installation, save and drop into medicament expense usefulness, save advantages such as floor space, it can gush the river again, the lake, man-made lake, fountain, water bodys such as view fishpond are removed COD earlier rapidly, BOD, HS, (soil ulmin is divided into humin to soil ulmin, fulvic acid, humic acid and hymatomelanic acid four parts) etc. organic pollutant, alleviated imitative pasture and water formula bio-carrier sewage and river lake water have been carried out the load that ecological purification is handled, thereby can reach and quicken bio-carrier sewage and river lake water are carried out the purpose of ecological purification, shorten the river and lake water quality restoration of the ecosystem time.Purification efficiency is more than 2 times of full restoration of the ecosystem, has good application prospects.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a submersible type photoelectromagnetism of the present invention river lake water disinfection device work synoptic diagram;

Fig. 2 is a submersible type photoelectromagnetism of the present invention river lake water disinfection apparatus structure synoptic diagram;

Fig. 3 is a cleaner structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 3 A is the fluorescent tube lower bracket structural representation of cleaner of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is an automatic cleaning system structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 4 A is the A-A sectional schematic diagram of Fig. 4 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the present invention's formula ozonizer structural representation of eliminating the noise;

Fig. 5 A is the B-B sectional schematic diagram of Fig. 5 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the pilot circuit figure of electric control box of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is for using the variation diagram after the embodiment of the invention one purifies water;

Fig. 8 is for using the variation diagram after the embodiment of the invention two purifies water;

Fig. 9 is a plant imitating biological carrier structural representation of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a plurality of plant imitating biological carrier fixture structure of a present invention synoptic diagram;

Figure 11 is submersible type photoelectromagnetism of the present invention river lake water disinfection device and a plurality of plant imitating biological carriers same district work synoptic diagram; Figure 12 is that embodiment 1 closed man-made lake is administered process flow sheet;

Figure 13 gushes the improvement process flow sheet for the river in embodiment 2 rivers tributaries.

Embodiment

In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with embodiment.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the submersible type photoelectromagnetism river lake water disinfection device that the embodiment of the invention provides, comprise sewage suction apparatus 12, gas-water mixer 3, cleaner 5 and electric control box 11, described sewage suction apparatus 12, gas-water mixer 3 and cleaner 5 connect in regular turn, all being arranged at the river gushes, the lake, man-made lake, fountain, the bottoms such as view fishpond, described sewage suction apparatus 12 can be submersible pump, offer the pump intake 1 that can suck sewage on it, water outlet place of submersible pump is communicated with gas-water mixer 3 by a joint flange 13, and the magnetizing apparatus 2 that can magnetize current is housed on its connecting pipeline, described gas-water mixer 3 is provided with a gas and mixes the chamber, its with place the water surface on or the ozonizer 7 of water be communicated with, described gas-water mixer 3 is connected with ozonizer 7 by a slip airway 8, slip airway 8 outside surfaces are arranged with air guide pipe box 9, air guide pipe box 9 lower ends and the welding of gas-water mixer 3 intermediate seals, interior cover slip airway 8, interior cover slip airway 8 also can be slided up and down by the sealing-ring sealing with air guide pipe box 9 upper ends, slip airway 8 upper ends and noise elimination formula ozonizer 7 seal weldings, can be according to the different automatic distances of regulating between gas-water mixer 3 and the ozonizer 7 of water level height, to determine the placement location of ozonizer 7.Described gas mixes the chamber and also is communicated with cleaner 5 water inlets, described cleaner 5 bottoms are provided with a plurality of water inlets 51 of sewage on every side of sucking, this water inlet 51 is located on the web member 4 between gas-water mixer 3 outlet and cleaner 5 bottoms, can be and be sealedly attached to the cone-shaped component that orifice plate more than its bottom or netted connection piece constitute, sewage can be entered in the cleaner 5 by an aperture more than on the web member 4 or mesh.For guaranteeing that sewage has certain inlet, the distance between described gas-water mixer 3 outlets and cleaner 5 bottoms is 5-20cm; Described cleaner water outlet 14 is positioned at that the river is gushed, lake, man-made lake, fountain, view fishpond water surface adjacent locations.Like this, sewage enters in the gas-water mixer 3 after magnetizing processing after submersible pump sucks, mix back form with the ozone that produces in the ozonizer 7 and enter cleaner 5 with high-speed jet, suck the sewage of cleaner 5 peripheries simultaneously, make it to enter cleaner 5 and carry out the light catalytic purifying processing, the current that dispose are positioned at after cleaner water outlet 14 is gone out that the river is gushed, lake, man-made lake, fountain, view fishpond be by the position of the water surface, put off for middle mind-set periphery with cleaner water outlet 14, thereby make whole river lake water carry out the gradient exchange, finish scavenging process.

In the lake water disinfection device specific embodiment of submersible type photoelectromagnetism of the present invention river, described electric control box 11 can place outside the water surface, also can be the submersible type sealing controlling box that places water interior, is fixed on its other contiguous members by clips 10.Around the submersible type electric control box 11 is hermetically sealed welding, and lead is introduced by the waterproof apron sealing, reserves on the casing and observes service ports, can adopt the sealing of round flange and film, and electric elements are close to cabinet wall in it, dispel the heat by river lake water.As shown in Figure 6, described electric control box 11 comprises the TOC on-line monitoring system, PLC controller 1101,12V rectifier 1102, ultraviolet lamp rectifier 1104, ozonizer rectifier 1103, direct current rectifier 1105, be all market ripe, place the interior submersible type sealing controlling box of water also can be provided with leakage switch.Described TOC on-line monitoring system comprises that TOC automatic analyser 1106 and is used to detect the online TOC monitor head 15 of water quality condition, TOC automatic analyser 1106 can satisfy the needs of source of pollution online auto monitoring, and because its detectability is lower, the automatic monitoring that is applied to surface water also is feasible.And the analytical cycle of online TOC automatic analyser generally lacks (3～10min).From apparatus structure, to remove the unit except increasing inorganic carbon, the structure of all kinds of online TOC automatic analysers 1106 is generally simple than online COD instrument.Know-why is colorimetry (254nm), has the characteristics simple, quick, that price is low.Be applicable to the automatic on-line monitoring of surface water, generally be the automatic monitoring that is used for source of pollution abroad, and often be shown as COD, TOC value through conversion table.To the more stable river lake water of water quality, the linear dependence relation of determining is arranged between UV absorption signal and COD or TOC value.Apparatus control system will provide automatic operation or close down signal when TOC monitor head 15 monitors 8-15ppm (adjustable), when being higher than the 8ppm value, by the linear dependence relation of determining is arranged between COD or the TOC value, between 35-50mg/l, device brings into operation COD usually; When measuring when being lower than the 8ppm value, install out of service.Therefore, the TOC on-line monitoring system can be according to the TOC value that records as the composite target of estimating Organic pollutants degree in the lake water of river, and by the operation of default index value automatic control device with quit work, the implement device operation is intelligent.This intelligentized design can reduce power consumption, guarantees effluent characteristics and improves managerial personnel's working efficiency.

Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 3 A, in the specific embodiment of submersible type photoelectromagnetism of the present invention river lake water disinfection device, described cleaner 5 contains a purification chamber 501 that can feed current, described purification chamber 501 inwalls are coated with nano titanium dioxide film, be provided with direct current negative contact 509 in the chamber, direct current anode 504, at least one ultraviolet lamp tube 503 and quartz socket tube 502, wherein, described direct current anode 504 places and purifies 501 lower ends, chamber and between ultraviolet lamp tube 503, ultraviolet lamp tube 503 is sheathed in the quartz socket tube 502, described quartz socket tube 502 and ultraviolet lamp tube are fixed by fluorescent tube upper bracket flange 505 and fluorescent tube lower bracket 506 respectively at two ends about in the of 503, direct current anode 504 lower ends are fixing by fluorescent tube lower bracket 506, in 501 upper ends, described purification chamber, be provided with a tube face 507, described tube face 507 support luminous tube wiring lamp holders, direct current negative contact 509 is welded on the fluorescent tube upper bracket flange 505, wherein direct current anode 504 lower ends and fluorescent tube lower bracket 506 center anode pipe permanent seats 5062 are fixing and be connected anode line, fluorescent tube lower bracket 506 is connected with 501 insulation of purification chamber by support connecting strip 5063, and quartz socket tube 502 lower ends are fixing by lamp tube fixing seat 5061.

Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 A, also be provided with a quartz socket tube automatic cleaning mechanism 6 in the cleaner 5 described in the lake water disinfection device of submersible type photoelectromagnetism of the present invention river, be fixed on the upper bracket flange 505, it comprises a direct current driving mechanism 601, link to each other with described dc driver 601 and can be driven the flexible push rod 602 that moves and be loaded on cleaning element on the described flexible push rod 602 by it.As shown in Figure 4, described cleaning element comprises at least one cleaning disc, links to each other with flexible push rod 602 by a guide rail link 607.Because quartz socket tube 502 has certain length, the embodiment of the invention is provided with three cleaning discs---last cleaning disc 603, middle cleaning disc 604, following cleaning disc 605, link to each other by union lever 606, shown in Fig. 4 A, be equipped with a plurality of silica gel on described each cleaning disc and clean ring 609.Simultaneously, be cleaning quartz socket tube 502 outside surfaces that guarantee that each cleaning disc can be accurate, good, at described purification chamber 501 inwalls, be arranged with the guide rail chute 608 of all right one way or the other guiding, described guide rail link 607 two ends place respectively in the described guide rail chute 608, can drive this chute of lower edge at dc driver 601 and slide.Like this, flexible push rod 602 connects union levers 606 20-50cm that can stretch downwards, drive upward cleaning disc 603 by union lever 606, middle cleaning disc 604 and following cleaning disc stretching motion about in the of 605, guide rail link 607 and last cleaning disc 603, middle cleaning disc 604 is connected with following cleaning disc 605 and makes cleaning disc 603 by the guide rail chute 608 with 501 welding of purification chamber, in cleaning disc 604 and following cleaning disc be able to balance about in the of 605 during stretching motion, can make the dirt that is accumulated on the quartz socket tube 502 be provided with a plurality of silica gel and clean ring 609 removal when moving up and down by cleaning disc, make the quartz socket tube 502 normal light transmissions of protecting, in order to avoid influence the transmittance of ultraviolet lamp tube 503.

Consult Fig. 3 again; submersible type photoelectromagnetism of the present invention river lake water disinfection device is in 501 upper ends, described purification chamber; also be provided with a cleaner waterproof cover 508, the wire that can protect direct-current drive device 601 in direct current anode 504 and ultraviolet lamp tube 503 and the quartz socket tube automatic cleaning system is with anti-rain.

Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 5, Fig. 5 A, lake water disinfection device described ozonizer 7 in submersible type photoelectromagnetism of the present invention river is noise elimination formula producer, comprise a cavity 702, the river lake water water surface is exposed in described cavity 702 upper ends, and is provided with an air inlet 701, ozone generating pipe 703, ozone thrust-augmenting nozzle 704, and described ozone generating pipe 703 is provided with a plurality of, place in the ozonizer cavity 702, between each ozone generating pipe 703, be provided with an ozone thrust-augmenting nozzle 704, and be communicated with slip airway 8.Apparatus of the present invention noise elimination formula ozonizer 7 is exposed to the water surface topmost, enter by air inlet 701 for air, force to produce ozone by ozone generating pipe 703 from ozone thrust-augmenting nozzle 704, the ozone that is produced enters in the slip airway 8 by ozone thrust-augmenting nozzle 704 again.Therefore, on noise elimination formula ozonizer 7 tops, also be provided with ozonizer waterproof cover 705, do rainproof water conservation by ozonizer waterproof cover 705, noise elimination formula ozonizer cavity 702 is except that upper end air inlet 701, and all the other are seal welding.

Submersible type photoelectromagnetism of the present invention river lake water disinfection device can be applicable to river lake water disinfections such as gush in the river, lake, man-made lake, fountain, view fishpond, manually makes stream, aeration oxygen replenishing and eliminate algae.Therefore submersible type photoelectromagnetism of the present invention river lake water disinfection device in municipal park or closed river, the application facet of lake treatment has wide application prospect.

The present invention sucks river lake water and high fast direction gas-water mixer 3 by sewage suction apparatus 12, simultaneously under the effect of negative pressure, air enters noise elimination formula ozonizer 7 by air inlet 701, force to produce ozone from ozone thrust-augmenting nozzle 704 by ozone generating pipe 703, the ozone that is produced concentration in water is 1-2mg/l, enter in the slip airway 8 by ozone thrust-augmenting nozzle 704, make river lake water and ozone thorough mixing and form micro-bubble in gas-water mixer 3, formation gas-liquid mixed stream, promoted the oxidation of ozone molecule, quickened oxidising process organic pollutant.Force to pass through the strong magnetic area that magnetizing apparatus 2 produces through the gas liquid mixture that sewage suction apparatus 12 sprays at a high speed, magneticstrength is 3500-6000 Gauss, when gas-liquid mixed is flowed through a suitable accumulative high-intensity magnetic field, magnetic line of force and water intersect vertically, water will produce an electromotive force as conductor, this electromotive force will make direct current positive charge on the water band and arrange mutually and tear open, separate, this causes the surface tension of water to reduce greatly, thereby make glassware for drinking water that solvability be arranged, water can dissolve more resolvability material like this, thereby improved the dissolution rate of ozone in water, and then the saturation ratio (can improve 20%) of dissolved ozone in the raising water, this be because: (a) Lorentz force action: water and magnetic current mobile mutually can produce induced current, under the effect of Lorentz force, the water molecules of low-pole and the charged ion of other impurity are done reversing motion.In this process, negative ions or particle collide " the ionic association body " that forms some amount mutually, this association body has enough stability, has formed a large amount of crystallization nucleis in water, is being present in the water that the suspended particle of core can be stable with these crystal.(b) polarized action: the polarized action in magnetic field makes the crystallised component of salt that variation take place.Micropartical polarity strengthens, and cohesive force weakens, and the associated molecule chain of original length in the water is blocked to the short associated molecule chain and the distortion of charged ion, has destroyed interionic electrostatic attraction, has changed crystallization condition.Form dispersive and stablize small-crystalline.(c) hysteresis effect: magnetic field causes the hysteresis effect of salt quasi-molecule in the water or ionic magnetic couple, thereby has changed the solvability of salt in water, and the mutual affinity of salt quasi-molecule (crystallinity) is disappeared, and prevents the crystallization of macrocrystal.(d) magnetic torque reorientation: in certain radical reaction, influence of magnetic field is paired magnetic torque reorientation in group, influences other chemical reactions by so middle mechanism.Variation has taken place in reaction kinetics, and variation has also taken place the proportionlity between the product that newly obtains in the reaction result.(e) hydrogen bond distortion: after the dipole molecule generation orientation polarization effect of magnetic field to water, electronic cloud can change, and causes the bending and local short the splitting of hydrogen bond, and the quantity of single water molecules is increased.These water moleculess have occupied each space of solution, can suppress crystal formation.And the overall performance of water is changed.(f) activation energy changes: magnetic field influence and the conversion of system be related.Though the energy that water obtains when magnetization seldom, in system, exist one " energy barrier " must carry corresponding energy to trigger activation energy to system between beginning and the termination for overcoming this energy barrier.The effect of magnetic field short period of time plays a part " catalysis " water system activation energy and changes, and finally causes the variation of total system character.Best during magnetization flow velocity 2-2.5m/s, at this moment more favourable to forming nucleus magnetic resonance, the ability that COD is removed in magnetization is stronger.Normal temperature is down about magnetization flow velocity 2.5m/s, under magnetic induction density 0.262～0.315T, the average hospital sewage of the direct clearance of the COD of sewage is 25.4%, dyeing waste water is 21.2%, town sewage is that 16.4% (when magnetizing flow velocity for 2.5m/s is 20.0%), rubber industry waste water are 11.3%, and paper waste is 8.1%, and G/W is 17.8%, starch water is 11.1%, and ammoniacal liquor is 8.1%.

Because cleaner 5 is connected by porous or netted web member 4 with gas-water mixer 3 water sides, when the gas liquid mixture that sprays at a high speed when gas-water mixer 3 water sides sprays to cleaner 5, because jet entrainment principle, the gas liquid mixture that gas-water mixer 3 water sides spray at a high speed is owing to run into the resistance of water, peripheral source, water source is constantly entrainmented to be entered in the cleaner 5, and the river lake water in cleaner 5 further mixes with ozone air-water and purifies chamber 501 inwall titanium dioxide films and 504 collaborative works of direct current anode by ultraviolet lamp tube 503 irradiations.(output voltage DC8000-10000V, power consumption＜10W), electric current causes chemical transformation by material under DC electric field.Chemical transformation is that material loses or the process of electron gain (oxidation or reduction).In cleaner 5, electric current (being electronics) flows to negative potential (negative electrode), and positive ion positively charged in the solution is moved to negative electrode, and combines with electronics, becomes neutral element or molecule; Electronegative negative ion is moved to another electrode (anode), provides electronics, becomes neutral element or molecule; Changed the directional migration of negative ions like this, in structure crystal, can change dirty intermolecular bonding force, change crystalline structure, impel hard scale loose, and can increase the dipole moment of water dipole, strengthen itself and salt ionic hydratability, thereby improve the dissolution rate of incrustation scale, anode produces a certain amount of active oxygen such as CO under volts DS DC8000-10000V electric field ^2-, OH, H ₂O ₂, these active oxygens provide assistance to the efficient of ozone and photochemical catalytic oxidation.

The present invention is by ozone and light, electricity, magnetic associated working, and its reaction mechanism to various organic pollutants is as follows:

1. at the PAHs in the river lake water of high pollution

PAHs belongs to one group and changes a lot of compounds, its UV-C (185～254nm), UV-C135uW/cm ²Radiation TiO ₂During photocatalyst, produce light-catalyzed reaction, PAHs and agricultural chemicals can directly decompose in the very short time.

Semi-conductive energy band normally is full of the low energy valence band of electronics by one and the high energy valence band of a sky constitutes, and the zone between them is called the forbidden band, as light wave radiation this semi-conductor TiO of energy more than or equal to semi-conductor band gap energy ₂During photocatalyst, the electronics that is in valence band will be excited on the conduction band, and valence band generates hole (h+), thereby has produced the hole/electron pair with high activity on semiconductor surface.

TiO ₂Band-gap energy be 32eV, be equivalent to the energy of 387.5nm photon.Work as TiO ₂When being subjected to wavelength less than the ultraviolet C rayed of 254nm, the transition of electron on the valence band forms hole/electron pair to conduction band.The hole that is produced will be adsorbed on TiO ₂The OH of particle surface ^-Be oxidized to OH free radical and O with water molecules with strong oxidizing property ^2-, its mechanism of action is as follows:

TiO ₂+hυ→e ^-+h ⁺

h++H ₂O→HO·+H+

e-+O ₂→·O ₂→HO ₂·

2HO ₂·→O ₂+H ₂O ₂

H ₂O ₂+·O ₂-→·OH+OH-+O ₂

This shows that TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation degradation organism comes down to a kind of OH free radical reaction.

2. ozone UV-C system is to the degraded to chlorophenoxy weedicide and 2.4-D of the degrade ozone UV-C system of chlorophenoxy weedicide and dense medicine, and these organism can permineralization in this ozone and photoelectromagnetism system, and following reaction takes place:

[RCO ₂-Fe] ²⁺-[R·]+CO ₂+Fe ²⁺(R＝2.4-D)

The concentration that produces hydrogen peroxide through UV-C radiation algae is between 0.01～3.0mol/L, can make the organo phosphorous compounds permineralization of high density in this ozone and the photoelectromagnetism system, generates phosphoric acid salt, CO ₂, HO ₂, and following reaction mechanism is arranged:

HO·+MePO ₃Na ₂-H ₂O+CH ₂PO ₃Na ₂(R·＝·CH ₂PO ₃Na ₂)

HO·+H ₂O ₂-H ₂O+HO ₂·

R·+O ₂-RO ₂·

RO ₂·+H ₂O·-RO ₂H+O ₂

2RO ₂·-R’CHO+R’CH ₂OH+O ₂(R’＝OP(ONa) ₂)

R’CHO+2HO·+1/2O ₂-CO ₂+(NaO) ₂P(O)OH+HO ₂

R’CH ₂OH+2HO ₂·+O ₂-CO ₂+(NaO) ₂P(O)OH+HO ₂

Comprehensive above various getting:

MePO ₃Na ₂+4H ₂O ₂-CO ₂+Na ₂GPO ₄+5HO ₂

See Table 1.

By table 1 as seen, O ₃Oxidation rate to different organic substances differs greatly, and is higher 6 more than the order of magnitude than lindane with the reaction rate constant of aldicarb under the same terms, like this when using ozonize to contain these two kinds of organic waste water, and O ₃Can react by material preferential and that speed of response is fast, another material then can't reach the purpose of processing.OH differs very little with the reaction rate constant of different organic substances, shows that hydroxyl radical free radical is the very little oxygenant of a kind of selectivity, when having multiple pollution substance in the water, a kind of material another kind of then constant substantially situation of being degraded can not occur.

3. produce algae overgrowing harm at He Hu river lake water eutrophication

Because the pollutents such as chemical fertilizer executed of lawn flow into man-made lake by the rainy day runoff for many years, accumulate over a long period, and cause man-made lake water quality eutrophication, the algae overgrowing, the greening blackout influences the water quality sense organ.

In the present invention, make the HS in algae and the water and contain soil ulmin by ozone and UV-light (503) and direct current electric anode (504) with by the collaborative work that algae produces micro-hydrogen peroxide because of photosynthesis and removed.

Chlorophyll reacts below causing under light action:

Chl+hv---Chl-+ (exciton generation)

A-Chl-+——A--Chl+——A-+Chl+

D-Chl-+——D+-Chl-——D++Chl-

Or Chl++1/2H ₂O---Chl+H++1/4O ₂

Chl-+Chl+——2Chl+hv

Chl in the formula---photosynthetic pigment, the combination in excited electron and left hole is called exciton;

(-+)---electron-hole pair or exciton

---hydrated electron

---the hydration hole

A--Chl+ and D+-Chl----be respectively the charge-transfer complex that has electron acceptor(EA) A and electron donor(ED) D.

The photosynthetic pigment of algae can produce hydrated electron etc. under light action, cause H thus ₂O ₂Generation:

2O ^2-+2H+——H ₂O ₂+O ₂

The river lake water that contains soil ulmin can suppress the metabolism of bacterium after the UV-C radiation.After the UV-C radiation, in the lake water of river bacterium to the absorption of Thymine deoxyriboside obvious much lower than in the river lake water that not shone by UV-C.

Influence to algae

The UV radiation can cause the change of compound component to the river lake water that contains soil ulmin, as table 2:

Lal=(Ral-NLAl), Lal=Labile Al, unstable Al, A=aluminium.

Electric density: anion defect/TOCu-equiv./mg C.

Active A l.

Nal=Non labile Al stablizes Al.

Annotate: test sample does not pass through pH regulator; Ca, Mg, Norske standard (NS) 4776; Na, K, NS 4775; SO4, Cl, chromatography of ions; NO3, NS4745; Fe, Mn, NS 4770; NLAL, RAL, Rogeberg and Henriksen (1985)

Colourity and TOC concentration are all reducing.The acidity rising is 2 units nearly, and the concentration of unstable aluminium has increased.These change can increase electric density (u-equiv. organic anion/mg TOC).

The river lake water that contains HS is subjected to can to cause after the UV radiation river lake water of true tumor characteristic to suppress the growth of algae (Selenastrum Capricornutum).

The chemicals composition that contains the river lake water of soil ulmin before and after the UV-C radiation can show different biological importance.The quantum of molecular absorption UV-C ray can cause molecule to move to high-octane excited electronic state from low-energy ground state usually.The time that most of excited state exists is all shorter.The conversion of chemical compound lot by inside loses on the not sharing electron of triplet excited state of too much energy.These can shift their triplet energies and just be called photosensitizer for the compound of other molecules.

Chemical sending out, can be taken place and answer as the radiation of HS organic substance in UV-C, produces oxidizing substance, and as creating singlet oxygen by using, hydroxyl etc., these conversely can be to the effect of water microorganisms toxigenicity.Usually, the time of the product of these reactions existence is all shorter.Last experiment has shown the river lake water that contains HS, after the UV-C irradiation, can produce a kind of reaction: is photosensitizer produces oxyradical, superoxide etc. with the soil ulmin, other active compounds of reaction generation such as sensitizing agent that these materials and other have been released such as iron ion are as hydroxyl radical free radical.

Humic acid is directed to the release of soil ulmin in suspended substance and the settling and the leaching of agron.Soil ulmin is not a pure substance, but structure is formed quite complicated mixture, and has very strong combination, absorption property, intertwines by chemistry, physical actions such as bonding, hydrogen bond, absorption between each material.Soil ulmin is the amorphous macromolecular cpd of a class, all is black or brown amorphous form usually, is band color base group.

In the natural water system, direct photolytic organic compound can take place seldom, this class reaction can take place in carbonyl compound, methyl iodide and multi-chlorophenol:

CH ₃I+hv-CH ₃+I

C ₆C ₁₅OH+hv-C ₆C ₁₄OH+CL

Some hydrophilic organic compound is as chlorophyll, carotenoid, polyunsaturated fatty acid etc., may direct photodissociation take place on mutually at particle.Take place by chromophore's absorb light radiation, if chromophore produces again, light-catalysed effect plays in chromophore.

The photochemical reaction that takes place in the solution;

HS (soil ulmin)+hv-HS++eap-

eap-+N ₂O-N ₂+O ^-

eap-+O ₂-O ^2-

2O ^2-·+2H-H ₂O ₂+O ₂

Stage division according to Oden proposition in 1919 according to they solubleness in bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry, is divided into three main fractions to soil ulmin usually, is about to soil ulmin and is divided into water miscible fulvic acid, the soluble ulmic acid of ethanol and alkali-soluble Ulmic acids.Xanthohumic acid molecular weight minimum is dissolved in acid, alkali and water; The ulmic acid molecular weight is bigger, honor alkali, ethanol and acetone, and be insoluble to acid and water; Ulmic acids molecular weight maximum is dissolved in alkali, water insoluble, sour, ethanol and acetone.Improved another kind of sorting technique is also arranged, and this kind method is divided into humin, fulvic acid, humic acid and hymatomelanic acid four parts with soil ulmin.

The most important attribute of coloring matter may be exactly its spectral response curve, and colourity is directly related in attribute less than content of humic substances in the water greatly in the water, therefore estimates the simplest method of soil ulmin in the water exactly by colourity in the measurement water.People such as Chin have studied aquatic soil ulmin spectral response curve and molecular weight, the relation of the polymerization degree.Studies show that the molecular weight and the polymerization degree are also directly related in colourity, and colourity can rise along with the increase of dissolved pH value, in addition, the compound of iron ion, magnesium ion, aluminium and nitrate also can have influence on the colourity of the water that contains soil ulmin.Following table is to utilize the example of organic concentration in the spectral response curve estimation water of soil ulmin:

Be used for characterizing organic wavelength in the water in the mensuration process of aquatic soil ulmin

Annotate: DOC-Dissolved organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon;

TOC-total organic carbon, total organic carbon;

COD-Chemical Oxygen Demand, chemical oxygen demand (COD);

BOD-Biochemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand.

The color of natural water derives from the leaching of organic soil ulmin usually.In the ocean that covers the most of area of the earth, soil ulmin-yellow substance more derives from the residual body conversion of unicellular lower eukaryote in the seawater; River drip washing and wash away and the upper river soil erosion also is the important source part of river soil ulmin in the fresh water, because soil ulmin is not a pure substance, but structure is formed quite complicated mixture, and have very strong combination, absorption property, intertwine by chemistry, physical actions such as bonding, hydrogen bond, absorption between each material.Therefore, also just can not as illustrating pure substance, all describe each element atom number, relative position and spatial arrangement in the molecule absolutely clear to the research of soil ulmin structure, and can only on macroscopic view, delineate out its primary structure feature roughly.

By the mensuration of functional group as can be known, soil ulmin contains multiple groups such as phenolic hydroxyl group, carboxyl, alcoholic extract hydroxyl group, enol base, sulfonic group, amido, quinonyl, carbonyl, methoxyl group, owing to the existence of these active groups, determined acidity, wetting ability, ion exchangeable, complex ability and the higher adsorptive power of soil ulmin.

Soil ulmin is the amorphous macromolecular cpd of a class, all is black or brown amorphous form usually, and the color of soil ulmin is once changed by reddish-brown-dun-black along with the intensification of degree of humification.Reactions such as that soil ulmin can also carry out under certain condition is nitrated, sulfonation, oxidation and chlorination can change the original character of soil ulmin to a certain extent by altered chemical structure, give its new quality, to satisfy the needs of practical application.Soil ulmin utilizes its ion exchangeable by stronger ion-exchange capacity, humus soil can be protected a lot of aspects such as fertilizer.But having too much soil ulmin in the lake water of natural river is to influence sense organ.So, extremely important to the removal of soil ulmin in river lake water is administered, soil ulmin has been removed its DOC-Dissolved organic carbon (dissolved organic carbon); TOC-total organic carbon (total organic carbon); COD-Chemical Oxygen Demand (chemical oxygen demand (COD)); BOD-Biochemical oxygendemand (biological oxygen demand) etc. also must remove.

Thereby make river lake water purification of water quality, manually make three kinds of functions such as stream and aeration oxygen replenishing and finish simultaneously through above-mentioned a succession of work and reaction.

Embodiment one: closed man-made lake is administered

With some golf course 20800 cubical man-made lakes is example explanation present embodiment, and its resolution is as follows:

1. the geographical situation in lake:

1) lake water blackout smelly, green alga is arranged and irritates flower, transparency is 0.3 meter;

2) lake water area in river is 15000 squares, on average is 1.4 meters deeply;

3) man-made lake is that rainwater is given, and source of pollution are chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals and soil ulmin;

4) fish kills is often arranged;

2. water quality situation before administering:

1	Look	Color is black
			2	Smelly	Stink is dense
3	Transparency, m≤	0.3
			4	The pH value	6-9
5	Dissolved oxygen, mg/L	1-3
			6	Chemical oxygen demand (COD) (COD) mg/L 〉=	60
7	Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), (BOD 5)mg/L≥	25
			8	Ammonia nitrogen mg/L	6.5

3. principle of design

1) selects apparatus of the present invention, reach the processing requirements degree;

2) suit measures to local conditions reasonable Arrangement;

3) less investment, running cost is low, handled easily management and maintenance.

4. design effluent quality

Effluent quality: administer the back water outlet and reach national surface water 2 class water quality standards (GB3838-88), that is:

1	Look	Color is no abnormal
			2	Smelly	Do not contain any foreign odor
3	Transparency, m 〉=	1
			4	The pH value	6-9
5	Dissolved oxygen, mg/L 〉=	6

6	Chemical oxygen demand (COD) (COD)≤	20
			7	Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), (BOD5) mg/L≤	5
8	Ammonia nitrogen mg/L≤	1.5

5. lectotype selection:

5.1 apparatus of the present invention embodiment technical parameter

5.2 lectotype selection: calculate according to the water quality before handling, count to such an extent that the COD total amount is 1248 kilograms, the BOD total amount is 520 kilograms, ammonia nitrogen is 312 kilograms, press above-mentioned parameter, select 16 on BIBAO-32-80 type, purify range computation by 3 months gradients, in 3 months can with 15000 squares of lake surfaces totally 20800 cubes of river lake water disinfections to national surface water 2 class water quality standards.

6. technical process is referring to Figure 12

7. process explanation

This programme regulation is positioned based on oxidation of ozone photoelectricity and electromagnetic force coagulating sedimentation, cooperate bioremediation technology, by strengthening the natural decomposition ability of indigenous microorganism, carry out biological oxidation of sediment and river lake water biological restoration is auxilliary, increase the artificial aeration and manually make measures such as stream with the newborn oxygen behind the ozone oxidation organism, make existing organic pollution load and newly-increased load obtain degraded, strengthen the self-purification capacity in lake, river.By present embodiment make the stream aeration performance, change the exchange of heavy-oxygen-enriched water and oxygen deprivation water, the long-term results of the maintenance comprehensive regulation.Present embodiment per hour designs 1280 cubes of river lake water, and river lake water loop cycle is 17 hours, and model is the submersible type photoelectromagnetism river and lake water quality refining plant of BIBAO-32-80 type, power 2.3kw.16 table apparatus were worked 24 hours every day, every month two weeks of operation.In the lake, build slowly flowing water flow of bank along the lake, thereby the dead angle is eliminated on maximum limit ground, and whole lake water is all moved, and guarantees that lake water becomes a lake running water that circulates.

Pollutent removal (purifying the back) by 3 months gradients, see Fig. 7.

9. equipment quotation (seeing Table 3)

Table 3 primary device design variable and quotation form

10. running cost calculates

Completion back running cost calculates

A. photoelectromagnetism quality purifying device for water operation total power is 36.8KW, 24 hours every days, operation was after one month, stopping a month backsight water quality situation reruns, be whole year operation 180 days, system exerts oneself by 80%, about 127180.8 degree of the annual electricity charge are by 0.7 yuan of calculating of every degree electricity, 89026.56 yuan of annual photoelectromagnetism water purification equipment power consumptions.

B. about 89026.56 ÷ 12=7418.88 units of the electricity charge in every month; The day processing costs is: 7418.88 ÷ 30=247.3 units.

C. ton water treatment expense is: 40 cubes=0.0322 yuan of 2.3KW * 0.8 * 0.7 yuan ÷.

D. ton water investment cost is: 20800 cubes=24 yuan of 500000 ÷

Embodiment two: improvement is gushed in the river in rivers tributary

1. geography and water quality situation are gushed in the river:

1.1, the geographical position

B gushes and is positioned at certain urban district commercial centre, is famous view river, certain urban district, and 1000 meters of river course total lengths are average wide 20 meters.B gushes for Xinkai River gushes, and has finished revetment, afforestation project, and two sides plantation weeping willow and Foliole banyan are gushed in the river, and the drooping willows sway gently in the breeze in formation, and greenery is whirling, and the existing northern scenery has the beautiful unique places of cultural interest in the southern part of the country again.B gushes for tidal river gushes, and its water level is subjected to the river tidal effect, and flood tide and ebb tide twice every day, and fluctuation tidewater potential difference is about 0.6-1 rice.

Because the river is gushed sanitary sewage along the line and trade effluent and is entered B with eagre and gush, and stops precipitation at this, makes B gush (being that gush in river, the hard end originally) alluvial about 0.5 meter black mud deeply.B gushes 6 sanitary sewage discharge outlets along the line; The upstream discharges soil ulmin with organic pollutant and the bed mud organism that tidewater enters in addition, B is gushed be in extremely eutrophic state throughout the year, sometimes even be in black smelly state, a large amount of black bed mud alluvials make the dissolved oxygen supersaturation of lake water upper strata, river, and lower floor is in anaerobic state, the bed mud anaerobism makes and constantly occurs the bed mud come-up in the lake water of river, and a large amount of phosphorus that accumulates in the bed mud is discharged, aggravation river lake water eutrophy.River lake water eutrophy (river lake water presents strong green) and bed mud come-up are the distinguishing features that B gushes river lake water; If do not have every day 12 upstream tidal water and B pour into the exchange of capable river lake water, B gushes and will be in black smelly state.B gushes the black smelly or eutrophy of river lake water and bed mud come-up, and is unbecoming with the view of its two sides beauty, unbecoming with its status of gushing as important view river, urban centre, and the improvement meaning of B being gushed river lake water is very great.

1.2, the water quality situation

1.2.1, the Oranoleptic indicator

Because the upstream pollutent discharges in a large number, add and gush along the river by B there are 6 Sewage outlets the upstream, the whole piece river is gushed present dark green eutrophic state throughout the year.Sometimes present black smelly state.

1.2.2, physical and chemical index

Gush mouthful water sampling from B and survey physical and chemical index, see the following form:

1.3, the source of pollution situation describes

Primary pollution source is gushed trade effluent and the sanitary sewage that enters with tidewater along the line for the river, upstream.Other source of pollution also have: littoral 6 Sewage outlet sewage effluents;

Nutritive salt such as the nitrogen that rainwater is brought into, phosphorus;

Foreign organic matters such as river surface buoyant rubbish and dry branches and fallen leaves;

The river is gushed bed mud and is discharged organic pollutant and nutritive salt.

1.4, eutrophy and black smelly basic cause

Above-mentioned factor has increased the concentration of organism and N.P in the river, a large amount of phosphorus source discharges and makes river lake water eutrophy under bed mud anaerobism and the anaerobic condition, because the bottom mud microbe decomposing organic matter need consume dissolved oxygen, the anoxybiotic consequence causes organic decomposition thoroughly not reach anaerobism, produce black smellyization of bed mud, because of streamflow slow, black smellyization of organism and dead algae precipitation aggravation bed mud in the lake water of river, cause lake water upper strata, river aerobic, lower floor's anaerobism, river lake water presents extremely eutrophic state, if river lake water overstand, it is black smelly to form river lake water.

2. design considerations and management goal

2.1 operative norm standard

This programme is carried out " The Prevention and Cure Law on Water Pollution of the P.C.C. "

This programme is quoted: water environment quality standard (GB/3838-2003)

This programme is quoted: the new local sanitary sewage emission standard of formulating (DB44/26-2001) in Guangdong Province

2.2 design considerations

Gush the trade effluent and the sanitary sewage that enter with tidewater along the line for the river and directly enter the river course, dissolved oxygen is on the low side in the river course, and COD and BOD, SS are higher, and river is black smelly, and transparency is low.What wherein surrounding resident is had the greatest impact is the black smelly problem of river, and foul smell distributes, and the resident is constituted mandatory infringement.Therefore at first to handle COD, BOD, ammonia nitrogen and the soil ulmin of river with apparatus of the present invention, and carry out abundant aeration oxygen replenishing with the newborn oxygen behind the ozone oxidation organism, make river cutting down the organic aerobic environments that are in simultaneously such as COD, BOD, ammonia nitrogen and soil ulmin, cut off the root of foul smell.

Management goal is divided into following 3 steps:

(1) ozone oxidation is eliminated the smelly problem of river fully;

(2) photoelectromagnetism river and lake water quality refining plant is degraded to BOD, COD, SS, the NH3-N of river comprehensively, reaches 1 grade of B standard of the local sewage discharge in Guangdong Province.

(3) further cooperate biotechnology to improve regulation effect, make sewage effluent after the improvement surface water 4 class levels that are up to state standards.

The new local sanitary sewage emission standard of formulating (DB44/26-2001) in Guangdong Province is as follows:

	1 grade of emission standard	2 grades of emission standards
			COD	＜40mg/L	＜60mg/L
BOD	＜20mg/L	＜30mg/L
			SS	＜20mg/L	＜30mg/L

As follows in the national standard to face of land quality standards for water (GB3838-88) partial data:

2.3 principle of design

2.3.1 select apparatus of the present invention+aeration to make stream technology+input microbial preparation, reach the processing requirements degree.

2.3.2 suit measures to local conditions, reasonable Arrangement.

2.3.3 less investment, running cost is low, handled easily management and maintenance.

2.4 design scale, design water quality

2.4.1 design scale:

The designing treatment water yield is 20,000 tons/day, 2.5 ten thousand tons/day of maximum loads;

2.4.2 design water quality:

1 grade of emission standard of the new local sanitary sewage emission standard of formulating (DB44/26-2001) in Guangdong Province, that is:

2.5, overall design

Regulation is positioned based on oxidation of ozone photoelectricity and electromagnetic force coagulating sedimentation, cooperate bioremediation technology, by strengthening the natural decomposition ability of indigenous microorganism, carry out biological oxidation of sediment and river, river course lake water biological restoration is auxilliary, increase the artificial aeration and manually make measures such as stream with the newborn oxygen behind the ozone oxidation organism, make existing organic pollution load in river course and newly-increased load obtain degraded, strengthen the self-purification capacity that gush in the river.Simultaneously, because the improvement section of this river lake water is connected with non-improvement section, the control of source of pollution is difficult for, and river lake water has certain rate of water exchange, so will strengthen river course hygiene control and maintenance, the rubber dam that gushes two ends by the river carries out water transfer, and the two-way flowing water that becomes the nature morning and evening tides is unidirectional flowing water, makes the stream aeration performance by apparatus of the present invention, change the exchange of heavy-oxygen-enriched water and oxygen deprivation water, the long-term results that keeps the comprehensive regulation is gushed B to become real model river, city centre, Fang Cun district and is gushed, and gush in the view river.

2.6, management goal:

Cutting fully under the dirty situation, be that B gushes 6 Sewage outlet effluent sewerages and river, upstream and gushes and enter the trade effluent that gushes in the river along the line and all reach the relevant emission standard of country with sanitary sewage, management goal is that transparency, floating matter, CODmn, BOD5, TSS, PH index reach national surface water 2 class standards.

If can't cut dirt fully, management goal is that transparency, floating matter, CODmn, BOD5, TSS, PH index reach national surface water 3 classes or bad 3 class standards.

3. technical process and process explanation

3.1 technical process is referring to Figure 13

4. lectotype selection:

4.1 submersible type photoelectromagnetism river and lake water quality refining plant technical parameter

4.2 lectotype selection: 1000 meters of this river length of swells, wide 20 meters, build 2 meters of the back depth of waters, calculate according to the water-quality guideline before handling and the water yield, COD mean value 156mg/l counts to such an extent that the COD total amount is 3120 kg/day, and BOD mean value 58mg/l counts to such an extent that the BOD total amount is 1160 kg/day, and COD is by every average oxidation 800g/h parameter, should select 162.5 on BIBAO-33-80 type, round numbers is 160.

5. process explanation

The present embodiment regulation is positioned based on oxidation of ozone photoelectricity and electromagnetic force coagulating sedimentation, cooperate bioremediation technology, by strengthening the natural decomposition ability of indigenous microorganism, carry out biological oxidation of sediment and river, river course lake water biological restoration is auxilliary, increase the artificial aeration and manually make measures such as stream with the newborn oxygen behind the ozone oxidation organism, make existing organic pollution load in river course and newly-increased load obtain degraded, strengthen the self-purification capacity that gush in the river.Simultaneously, because the improvement section of this river lake water is connected with non-improvement section, the control of source of pollution is difficult for, and river lake water has certain rate of water exchange, so will strengthen river course hygiene control and maintenance, the rubber dam that gushes two ends by the river carries out water transfer, the two-way flowing water that becomes the nature morning and evening tides is unidirectional flowing water, by submersible type photoelectromagnetism river and lake water quality refining plant make the stream aeration performance, change the exchange of heavy-oxygen-enriched water and oxygen deprivation water, the long-term results of the maintenance comprehensive regulation.Design and get 400 meters in 1000 meters river courses and build a dam 2 meters high, cubic capacity is 16000 cubes, and the river that per hour need handle is 20000 ÷ 24=833.3 cubes, and being equivalent to stop the circular treatment time is 19.2 hours.Wide cross section, river course is provided with 1 table apparatus every 5 meters, and 20 meters totally 4, i.e. 4 row; Length is provided with delegation by the length every 10 meters, it is totally 160 of the submersible type photoelectromagnetism river and lake water quality refining plants of BIBAO-33-80 type that 40 row models are set altogether, per hour internal recycle is handled in the dam 12800 cubes of rivers, per hour be equivalent in the 833.3 cubical river dams circular treatment 15 times, flow to outside the dam to prevent undressed river.Model is the submersible type photoelectromagnetism river and lake water quality refining plant of BIBAO-33-80 type, power 3.4kw.160 table apparatus were worked 24 hours every day.In 400 meters long river courses, build slowly flowing water flow, thereby the dead angle is eliminated on maximum limit ground, and whole river lake water is all moved, and guarantees that river becomes a lake running water that circulates in the dam.The river course reservation spoil disposal of building a dam is arranged husky gate valve.

Pollutent removal (per hour circular treatment 15 times after), see Fig. 8.

7. equipment quotation (seeing Table 4)

Table 4 primary device design variable and quotation form

8. running cost calculates

A. photoelectromagnetism quality purifying device for water operation total power is 544KW, operation 24 hours every days, and equipment exerts oneself 80%, and by 0.7 yuan of calculating of every degree electricity, every day, the power consumption of photoelectromagnetism water purification equipment was 7311.36 yuan.

B. a ton water treatment expense is: 20000 cubes=0.365 yuan of 7311.36 yuan of ÷.

C. equipment investment per ton of water is: 20000 cubes=288 yuan of 5760000 yuan of ÷

D. ton water accounts for the river course area and is: 400 * 20 ÷ 20000=0.4 squares

Referring to Fig. 9, a kind of plant imitating biological carrier 100 that the embodiment of the invention provides, comprise the multiplet structure of forming by layer of polyurethane 101, fiber web layer 102 and fiber yarn layer 103, and the ball float 104 that is connected in these plant imitating biological carrier 100 upper ends, certainly, do not establish ball float 104, this plant imitating biological carrier 100 also can be suspended in the water.This layer of polyurethane 101 is positioned at nexine, and fiber web layer 102 has two-layer, is covered in layer of polyurethane 101 upper and lower surfaces respectively, and fiber yarn layer 103 has two-layer, is covered in the upper surface of described two fiber web layers 102 respectively.Plant imitating biological carrier 100 specific surface areas of She Zhiing are big like this, and the plant imitating biological carrier ability of disposing of sewage is strong, the efficient height.

More specifically, above-mentioned layer of polyurethane is that a kind of compound polyurethane material is made, and wherein, contains the urethane of active carbon fibre peacekeeping 94wt%～98wt% of 2wt%～6wt%.The adding of activated carbon fiber has improved wetting ability, the porosity of polyurethane foam, has improved polyurethane foam carrier biocompatibility, chemistry and Biostatic performance, has prolonged the work-ing life of polyurethane foam.

More specifically, above-mentioned layer of polyurethane voidage is 80～95%, has the pore structure that macropore combines with micropore, and macropore diameter is the 50-500 micron, and micropore size is the 0.1-50 micron, further increases the plant imitating biological carrier specific surface area.

More specifically, above-mentioned fiber web layer is the nonwoven fibrous web layer that polypropylene and/or flaxen fiber process, and Fibre diameter is 50～200nm.Because Fibre diameter is ultra-fine, so specific surface area is big.Wherein, add a certain proportion of flaxen fiber in the polypropylene fibre preferably, can improve into the net quality in rebound resilience.Optimization polypropylene content is greater than 25%, and the intensity of material can increase like this, and stiffness is also higher.

More specifically, above-mentioned fiber web layer voidage is 80～95%, has the pore structure that macropore combines with micropore, and described macropore diameter is the 50-500 micron, and micropore size is the 0.1-50 micron.Like this, can further increase the plant imitating biological carrier specific surface area.

More specifically, above-mentioned fiber yarn laminar surface is through hydrophilic treatment, and filament density is 0.8-0.91g/cm ², equivalent diameter is 18-48 μ m, length is 15-19mm, and tensile strength 〉=358MPa, Young's modulus 〉=3.5GPa, elongation at break are 8-30%.Like this, can further increase the plant imitating biological carrier specific surface area.

More specifically, above-mentioned charcoal layer of fibers, fiber web layer and fiber yarn layer trilaminate material are by surperficial hot pressing fusion once shaped.

More specifically, above-mentioned fiber web layer and fiber yarn layer are that polycomponent meltblown fibers technology is made.

The plant imitating biological carrier of the embodiment of the invention, every square metre can provide 2300～4300m ²Specific surface area, this product maximum length≤200cm, width 〉=5cm, thickness are 1.5～2.5cm.Certainly, this plant imitating biological carrier can be made all size size according to actual needs, and its length is decided according to the depth of water.

More specifically, above-mentioned plant imitating biological carrier has a plurality of, and these a plurality of plant imitating biological carriers are arranged at intervals on the firm banking, in the practice, often adopts a plurality of plant imitating biological carriers to work simultaneously, to strengthen effects of purification quality.

Above-mentioned compound polyurethane material, its technological process of production is: (1) is by above-mentioned prescription batching; (2) foaming; (3) depanning; (4) the cutting arrangement obtains the matrix material of active carbon fibre peacekeeping urethane.

Above-mentioned fiber web layer is by the manufacturing of polycomponent meltblown fibers novel process, the technological process of meltblown fiber web: the feeding of (1) polymkeric substance; (2) melt extrude; (3) fiber forms; (4) fiber cooling; (5) become net, reinforce into fiber mesh cloth.Can reach per inch 100 holes owing to melt and spray the hole count of spinning pack, the extrusion capacity in every hole can reach the 0.5g/ branch, and fibroreticulate cohesiveness, fluffiness are improved greatly.In the above-mentioned technological process, preferred polypropylene fibre and the flaxen fiber of adopting is as starting material, wherein optimization polypropylene content is greater than 25%, should suitably amplify during carding every crouching, reduce each carding element rotating speed, to reduce hitting dynamics to flaxen fiber, avoid too much fiber loss, weight per unit area can be controlled in 100 grams/square metre-200 grams/square metre between.

Above-mentioned fiber yarn also is by the manufacturing of polycomponent meltblown fibers novel process, the technological process of meltblown fiber web:

(1) polymkeric substance feeding; (2) melt extrude; (3) fiber forms; (4) fiber cooling; (5) become silk.

The comprehensive assembling of plant imitating biological carrier comprises step: (1) preparation active carbon fibre peacekeeping compound polyurethane material obtains layer of polyurethane; Urethane (2) hot melt adhesive spray film; (3) become felt at the upper and lower surface coverage fiber web layer of layer of polyurethane; (4) cover fiber yarn at the fiber web layer upper surface; (5) hot-forming; (6) the cutting arrangement obtains plant imitating biological carrier.The felting temperature can be in 160 ℃ of-180 ℃ of scopes when hot-forming.

The ultimate principle of imitative pasture and water formula bio-carrier: the active group on the carrier combines with microbial polypeptide chain amino acid residue formation ionic linkage or the mode fixation of microbe cell of covalent bonds, support density behind the fixation of microbe cell is near the density of water, carrier one end is fixed on and presents the vertical suspension attitude on the base in water in engineering is used, carry out efficient mass transfer under cooperating making the stream aerator, aerobic, hold concurrently and go, anaerobic state exists simultaneously, it has very big specific surface area as the bio-based carrier to utilize imitative pasture and water, can absorb, absorption, solubilised state and suspended state pollutent in the trap water, with algae organism in the water body as self metabolic nutriment, be each quasi-microorganism, the growth of algae and microfauna, breeding provides good and gives birth to, adhere to or the condition of living in caves, final " microbial film " with very strong purification active function that on carrier, forms thin layer, microbial film can form 0.2～1.0 millimeter microbial film when ripe, microbial film nitrification activity height, wet density has solved suspension biologic packing material ultralight porous problem in the immobilized microorganism technique (IM) near 1kg/L after the carrier biofilm.Therefore, ecological matrix in the artificial pasture and water is in its vital movement treating processes, algae organism in the lake water of river is in the metabolic processes of microorganism, or be synthesized the microbial cell body and separated, or be oxidized to carbonic acid gas and water, formation reaches alga cells and destroys and degrading activity enzyme composition, and artificial pasture and water utilize organic degraded, have also removed a spot of COD, BOD, suspended substance and a large amount of all kinds of algae simultaneously.In using, engineering do not need to be provided with back-purge system, especially mark at carrying of old municipal sewage plant and transform, only need add carrier in Aerobic Pond just can reach to carry and mark improved emission standard, its processing power: the COD clearance is more than 90%, winter, nitrification efficiency was not less than 95%, nitrogen removal rate reaches more than 70%, and reaches national sewage discharge primary standard (GB18918-2002); Compare with conventional activated sludge method biological denitrification system, working cost reduces more than 10%, and under the activated sludge concentration condition that suspends on an equal basis, the rate of nitrification that the unit pond holds improves 30%.

The imitative pasture and water formula bio-carrier of the embodiment of the invention has good physical stability and chemical stability, so long service life.Aspect construction, these microbial film flexible carrier products can be made all size size according to actual needs, and its height is decided according to the depth of water.Its constructed carrier biofilm can be under the situation that does not reduce the water nutrition level, significantly improve eutrophic water body transparency and landscape function in the short period of time, then progressively improve eutrophic water body water quality, build a good physico chemical factor for rebuilding the healthy ecosystem; It is cheap that it also has construction cost, characteristics such as simple to operate, easy care.The imitative pasture and water formula bio-carrier of the embodiment of the invention from microbial immobilized technology (full embrane method) characteristics, has following characteristics:

A, load of microorganisms amount are big, and the carrier difficult drop-off can keep very high biomass, improve processing efficiency.

B, microorganism cells are fixed on the carrier, owing to provide different microenvironments on the carrier, are suitable for the Metabolic activity of different microorganisms flora, and the distribution purifying that is beneficial to various microorganisms is bred well.

C, microorganism cells are fixed on can dormancy and startup rapidly on the material.Simultaneously on the unit carrier, form nutrition-bacterium-protozoic food chain, can reduce the sludge quantity of biochemistry pool 50%.

D, adaptability are strong, and anti impulsion load performance height has very strong advantage aspect the highly difficult organic industrial sewage handling.

Microorganism cells charge capacity on E, the carrier reaches 28mg/L.

The key technical indexes and condition

1, technical indicator

Imitative pasture and water formula bio-carrier correlation parameter table

2, conditional request

Microbe carrier conforming in sewage: PH=6-10, DO 〉=3 Application Areass and prospect: artificial pasture and water-biofilm system technology will be devoted to " ecological water environment " building cause of China, be applicable to that mainly natural water body such as contaminated ocean, lake, reservoir, river and water quality become the improvement of natural water body water quality such as bad fountain, fish pond, especially are suitable for the water correction engineering of small-sized landscape water body in the city.Through artificial pasture and water structure is retrofited, its Application Areas can also be extended to the town sewage treatment project, and it is faced with wide lake and landscape water body restoration of the ecosystem market.The production cost valency: the production cost valency is 50-100 unit/m ²With reference to market price: with reference to market price is 300-500 unit/m ²(U.S. plum is pacified the research invention of aquatic scientific ﹠ technical corporation auspiciously, is 500-800 unit/m by the Guangzhou A Ke U.S.'s product that attitude Environmental Technology AS introduces of overgrowing ²)

The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of water purifying process, adopt the work of above-mentioned submersible type photoelectromagnetism river and lake water quality refining plant and imitative pasture and water formula bio-carrier same district to carry out the water purifying treatment, Figure 11 has shown submersible type photoelectromagnetism river and lake water quality refining plant and imitative pasture and water formula bio-carrier same district work synoptic diagram, describe in detail before submersible type photoelectromagnetism river and lake water quality refining plant and the imitative pasture and water formula bio-carrier structure among the figure, repeat no more herein.

It is auxilliary that technology of the present invention is positioned to carry out the photoelectromagnetism ozone oxidation with above-mentioned submersible type photoelectromagnetism river and lake water quality refining plant, the recovery technique of uniting above-mentioned bionic aquatic weed bio-carrier, natural decomposition ability by enhancement microbiological, increase the artificial aeration and manually make measures such as stream with the newborn oxygen behind the ozone oxidation organism, existing organic pollution load of river Lake Water Body and newly-increased load are reduced, strengthen the self-purification capacity of water body.Above-mentioned strong mode of oxidizing makes that organic pollutants such as COD, BOD, HS, soil ulmin are a large amount of to be removed rapidly, does not influence simultaneously and destroys microbial film work on the bio-carrier.Though, the photoelectromagnetism ozone oxidation has certain destruction to the microorganism that is free in the water, but the microorganism that is free in the water is inoperative to purification of water quality, because the microbial film on the bio-carrier that purification of water quality is worked, so, technology of the present invention can alleviate imitative pasture and water formula bio-carrier sewage and river lake water are carried out the load that ecological purification is handled, and quickens bio-carrier sewage and river lake water are carried out the purpose of ecological purification thereby reach, and shortens the river and lake water quality restoration of the ecosystem time.

Use the above-mentioned technology of purifying waste water of the present invention, when handling the sanitary sewage of southern area COD＜200mg/L, every square metre of specific surface area is 500m ²The usage quantity of plant imitating biological carrier be sewage 0.5m per ton ²～1m ²

The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. plant imitating biological carrier, it is characterized in that: comprise the multiplet structure of forming by layer of polyurethane, fiber web layer and fiber yarn layer, described layer of polyurethane is positioned at nexine, described fiber web layer has two-layer, be covered in the upper and lower surface of layer of polyurethane respectively, described fiber yarn layer has two-layer, is covered in the outside surface of described two fiber web layers respectively.

2. plant imitating biological carrier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described layer of polyurethane is the matrix material that contains active carbon fibre peacekeeping urethane, and wherein, the active carbon fibre dimension hplc is 2wt%～6wt%, and polyurethane content is 94wt%～98wt%.

3. plant imitating biological carrier as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described layer of polyurethane voidage is 80～95%, has the pore structure that macropore combines with micropore, and described macropore diameter is the 50-500 micron, and micropore size is the 0.1-50 micron.

4. plant imitating biological carrier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described fiber web layer is the nonwoven fibrous web layer that polypropylene and/or flaxen fiber process, and Fibre diameter is 50～200nm.

5. plant imitating biological carrier as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described fiber web layer is that polypropylene and flaxen fiber process, and wherein, polypropylene content is greater than 25%.

6. as claim 4 or 5 described plant imitating biological carriers, it is characterized in that: described fiber web layer voidage is 80～95%, has the pore structure that macropore combines with micropore, and described macropore diameter is the 50-500 micron, and micropore size is the 0.1-50 micron.

7. plant imitating biological carrier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described fiber yarn laminar surface is through hydrophilic treatment, and filament density is 0.8-0.91g/cm ², equivalent diameter is 18-48 μ m, length is 15-19mm, and tensile strength 〉=358MPa, Young's modulus 〉=3.5GPa, elongation at break are 8-30%.

8. plant imitating biological carrier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described charcoal layer of fibers, fiber web layer and fiber yarn layer trilaminate material are by surperficial hot pressing fusion once shaped.

9. plant imitating biological carrier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described fiber web layer and fiber yarn layer are that polycomponent meltblown fibers technology is made.

10. as each described plant imitating biological carrier of claim 1～9, it is characterized in that: described plant imitating biological carrier has a plurality of, and these a plurality of plant imitating biological carriers are arranged at intervals on the firm banking.

11. a compound polyurethane material that is used for the described plant imitating biological carrier layer of polyurethane of claim 1 is characterized in that: the urethane that contains active carbon fibre peacekeeping 94wt%～98wt% of 2wt%～6wt%.

12. water purifying process, it is characterized in that: adopt the work of submersible type photoelectromagnetism river and lake water quality refining plant and the described imitative pasture and water formula bio-carrier of claim 10 same district to carry out the water purifying treatment, described submersible type photoelectromagnetism river lake water disinfection device, comprise the sewage suction apparatus, ozonizer, gas-water mixer, cleaner and diving electric control box, described sewage suction apparatus, gas-water mixer and cleaner connect in regular turn, all being arranged at the river gushes, the lake, man-made lake, fountain, the bottom, view fishpond, described sewage suction apparatus offers the water-in that can suck sewage, its water outlet place is communicated with gas-water mixer, and the magnetizing apparatus that can magnetize current is housed on its connecting pipeline, described gas-water mixer be provided with one can with place the water surface on or the gas that is communicated with of the ozonizer of water mix the chamber, described gas mixes the chamber and is communicated with the cleaner water inlet, described cleaner water inlet place also offers can suck on every side a water inlet more than the sewage, and the cleaner water outlet is positioned at the river and gushes, the lake, man-made lake, fountain, water surface site is closed in the view fishpond.

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