CN101907289B - Heat energy device for preparing superheated steam with waste heat steam - Google Patents
Heat energy device for preparing superheated steam with waste heat steam Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat energy device for preparing superheated steam with waste heat steam, which effectively solves the problem that conventional heat sources for drying brown coal are uneconomic and have the hidden troubles of ignition and explosion. The device comprises a partition wall, a base, a heat exchange part, an upper independent smoke box, a lower independent smoke box and upper and lower integrated smoke boxes. Key points are that: the heat exchange part is provided with a low temperature heat exchange region, a medium temperature heat exchange region and a high temperature heat exchange region which are formed by a tube bundle heat medium exchanger respectively; tube cavities of the tube bundle heat medium exchangers at each heat exchange region are communicated with the cavities of the upper independent smoke box, the lower independent smoke box and the upper and lower integrated smoke boxes respectively; staggered tube gaps between an upper tube plate and a lower tube plate of each tube bundle heat medium exchanger at the heat exchange part form a communicated cavity; the communicated cavity of the low temperature heat exchange region is connected with a waste heat steam conveying tube; and the communicated cavity of the high temperature heat exchange region is connected with a superheated steam supply tube. The device has the characteristics of rational structural design, stable performance, easy maintenance, low operating cost, energy conservation, consumption reduction, emission reduction and wide application range and can reduce the one-time investment when used for drying the brown coal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of normal pressure heat energy apparatus; Particularly a kind of heat energy apparatus with preparing superheated steam with waste heat steam; It is mainly used in the heat energy apparatus that conduct in " with the brown coal drying and upgrading technology of preparing superheated steam with waste heat steam " (the applying for a patent separately) of inventor design provides heat transferring medium, utilizes that it is inflammable to brown coal etc., explosive material carries out the drying and dehydrating upgrading.This heat energy apparatus is not a steam boiler; But can produce the superheated steam that compares favourably with steam boiler; Belong to energy-saving consumption-reducing reduction of discharging, Eco-power heat energy equipment; It also can be high moisture material drying and dehydrating heat supplies such as flesh of fish based food industry, cake food industry, fruits and vegetables industry, grain industry, pharmaceutical sector, chemical industry, light industry and army's industry, and the scope of application is extensive.
Background technology
China's lignite resource reserves are abundant, and fat coal scarcity of resources such as bituminous coal and anthracite after high-moisture wet basis brown coal have only drying and upgrading, could widely be utilized.For this reason, domestic enterprises such as coal mining, coalification industry, moulded coal industry, town gas industry and power plant adopt the dry brown coal of all kinds of drying equipments one after another.Its capital equipment has: individual layer roller drier, disc type drying machine, vertical crossing current drying machine, vibrating dryer, fluid bed dryer and mesh-belt drier or the like; But can realize the less of high precipitation ability, all have a lot of technical problems and defective workmanship.Through comparing: use classification: use more perhaps being mainly contained: (one) individual layer roller drier by what market was paid close attention to by thermal medium; (2) steam heat-conducting rotary drum dryer; (3) superheated steam pyrolysis formula fluid bed dryer or the like.Report according to patent documentation: publication number is " a kind of coal slime, the brown coal drying and upgrading Processes and apparatus " of CN101519617A, and the front portion of device therefor is the feed and the material guide device of scraper feeder coupling, and the middle part is a drying machine, and the rear portion is the discharging discharge device.Material relies on the rotation lifting displacement or the motion of main drying angle of inclination and cylinder in the past backward, and material drying system feeds high-temperature flue gas, and the heat exchange of constant speed matter is quickened in the following current in main drying of flue gas and material.Its main drying is existing individual layer roller drier, and horizontal 3-8 ° is tilted to put, with endwisely slipping of the spacing large-size cylinder body of shelves wheel, circumferentially rotation 1-6r/min.Because tilt to put, gear is easy to wear, the difficulty of upset switching-over can be bigger, and high temperature 550-720 ℃ of protection that is unfavorable for volatile matter is influential to the security of equipment.Medium and brown coal are concurrent drying in the same way, and what high-temperature medium at first contacted is the high humidity low-temperature material, and when the approaching dry coda stage, the wet ability of carrying of medium weakens, and what the medium of high moisture content contacted at last is dry coal after the baking, and absorption will be inevitable greater than desorb.Therefore the precipitation ability is low, and the calorific value increasing degree is little after the brown coal upgrading, the volatile matter considerable damage, and the temperature that scavenges height is prone to burn sack cleaner, learns according to reports, and the thermal efficiency is 30-50%.Adopt wet dedusting, artificial again generation sewage increases the environmental protection treatment difficulty, is a kind of technology of demanding improving raising urgently.At present; More influential in the international market is foreign heat-conducting rotary drum dryer; This technology is by the tube sheet Welding Structure at some steel pipes and two ends, and the outer cover steel plate is clappers, is steam channel in the clappers shell; In the steel pipe (φ 50-150mm) is the brown coal drying important channel, effect, the circumferential rotation of rotary drum 4-15r/min, spiral guide plate realization material displacement dependence steel pipe in, the turnover material of brown coal in the rotary drum at horizontal 7-20 ° inclination angle, through gearing; Steam pressure is lower, is generally 4 crust, and temperature≤180 ℃ can play a protective role to the volatile matter of brown coal really.But it is for high-moisture wet basis brown coal, and the phenomenon that blocks of guide not can often appear in the spring guide plate in the tube bank, causes equipment to stop production, and maintenance needs to extract out spring guide plate, dredging pipeline, comparatively bothers.Aixal admission valve precision prescribed is higher in addition, needs supporting special-purpose steamer stove to make thermal source, and its one-time investment is bigger; The plant maintenance amount is also bigger, and maintenance cost is high, and operating cost is high; Still can not be accepted by market fully, also should be to demand the product that improves and improve urgently.Publication number be CN101519614A's " a kind of water brown coal drying moulding process for upgrading that is rich in ", be exactly drum dried technology on this basis, just on the granulation link, increase new corollary equipment, but still have the problems referred to above and defective.Publication number be CN101260307A's " a kind of brown coal drying and upgrading device and process " its be medium with the superheated steam, adopt fluidized bed drying device, the pyrolysis formula is dry.Equipment therefor comprises brown coal locellus drying device, fluidized bed pyrolysis device, pyrolysis gas burner and servicing unit thereof.Get into pyrolysis installation through dried brown coal and separate out volatile matter and product liquid, volatile matter is sent into the burner burning, and producing flue gas and steam, flue gas and part steam, to be admitted to drying device interior as drying medium.All the other steam are admitted to the heat energy thermal source are provided in the heat energy apparatus, and drying device adopts the portable mass transport mode of chain, the dry and eliminating of flue gas and steam locellus.The steam of 300-500 ℃ of this arts demand high-temperature and elevated pressures; Volatile matter is the important indicator of Coal Chemical Industry examination in the brown coal; And should technology dry through pyrolysis, a large amount of volatile matters disengage and send into combustion chambers burn in the brown coal, and volatile matter is just burnt in the upgrading process, and some is unfortunate.Oven dry back brown coal can only be used for as electric coal and thermal coal, and Sales Channel narrows down, and purposes is restricted, and price also can be influenced.Publication number CN101581532A " multiple-effect superheated steam brown coal drying system and technology thereof "; It comprises the multi-stage drying device of series connection; Wherein every grade of drying device is equipped with feeding device; Drawing mechanism reaches one-level dust arrester at least, and the dust arrester end is sent a part of tail gas back to drying device at the corresponding levels through pressue device, and another part tail gas is sent into the next stage drying device as thermal source; Wherein, the one-level drying device is connected with steam source, and the dust arrester of final stage drying device is sent a part of tail gas back to drying device at the corresponding levels through pressue device, the emptying of another part tail gas.This process using multistage fluidized bed drying machine and the multistage dust arrester of forming by the cyclone dust collectors and the electric cleaner of plural serial stage; Multistage internal heating fluidized bed drying machine serial operation, the weary gas that the first order produced after dedusting as partial heat medium, partial weary gas after dedusting as the heat medium of the third level; The whole return boilers of condensed water utilize again; Steam boiler is the main thermal source of this technology, and system equipment repeats the technology more complicated is set.
At present, high pressure steam boiler mainly contains upper drum, lower drum, and is middle through the connection of water-cooling wall steel pipe, retaining in drum and the water-cooling wall, and drum is outer with pipe to be flame zone.Through the flame baking pan pipe, utilize the mode of conduction heat that working medium is heated, make aqueous water become vapourous water, saturated vapor becomes superheated steam again, and boiler receives high compressive load, belongs to pressure vessel.Therefore, one-time investment is big; Boiler plant is wanted periodic inspection, and maintenance cost is expensive.Water must could use after treatment, and exhaust gas temperature is up to 150-210 ℃, and operating cost is high, and is strict to demanded fuel.
In " industrially drying equipment commonly used and application " (Chemical Industry Press) the 14th chapter hot-blast stove, the existing heat exchanger of introduction mainly contains: (one), transverse tube type hot-blast stove heat exchanger, its fire tube adopts vertical arranged crosswise.Three layers at the end is a cast iron pipe, more than each layer be sheet steel pipe, diameter of steel tube is big down for a short time, walks air hose in the pipe and walks pyrotechnics outward, is flame direct baking formula.Pipe burns easily, and in extremely short 500 hours life-span, the heat exchange air themperature is low to be no more than 150 ℃.(2), vertical pipe type hot-blast stove heat exchanger, the all-metal full-enclosed structure.This heat exchanger lower perforated plate is fixed, and upper perforated plate and pipe are the active open formula, behind the expanded by heating, together with heat exchanger core, can freely stretch.Rely on smoke suction machine high negative pressure absolute value much larger than hot-air blower fan negative pressure absolute value, can guarantee that cigarette does not get in the air, but the air of heat exchange there is the possibility of being taken away by part together in company with flue gas, is should be improved.(3), shell and tube hot-blast stove heat exchanger; The high-temperature flue gas that chain type Combustion of Hot Air Furnace bituminous coal produces purifies through expansion chamber and gets in the Tube Sheet of Heat Exchanger; With the heat exchange of three backhauls, the outer air heat exchange of replace tubes is given up flue gas through the smoke suction machine emptying, and hot-air is supplied with drying machine by air-introduced machine.Mostly heat exchanger in on-the-spot the use is face arch brick parcel steel tubulation structure, and mostly two sides and arch are brick masonry structure.Produce the stress modification for preventing that heat exchanger is heated, be provided with half meter high stainless steel tube, the elastic expansion joint of making of steel plate is housed on first group of high-temperature heat pipe top.So-called expansion joint is actually increases a pair of tube sheet, and following steel pipe also is provided with a pair of tube sheet, and trouble is manufactured in tube chamber centering assembling up and down, waste material and man-hour again, and the bad processing of four limit connection ports.Refractory brick is asynchronous with heat exchanger stress modification, and leaking out is inevitable, and also is to demand the technology improving and improve urgently.The patent publication No. be CN101776371A's " the superheated steam rotary drying of brown coal and the method for the indirect rotary drying of steam tail gas ", it adopts two kinds of rotary dryers, attempts to realize with the dry method of two-stage the recycle and the recovery of heat; But because of its technical flow design unreasonable; The superheated steam that the first is come out from the whirlwind separator is divided into two the tunnel, the one tunnel and gets into the indirect type rotary dryer, and another road gets into direct rotary dryer; Two kinds of drying modes, two kinds of methods of operating; Technological process is cumbersome, and equipment repeats to be provided with, and has increased management difficulty; It two is that the steam that cyclone separator comes out should not be superheated steam, and the condensation heat of water vapour does not generally have the value of reuse again; It three is that uncooled vapour and fixed gas get into out steam chest upper pipe admission liquid scrubbing tower in the heating tube of indirect type rotary dryer, is washed cooling and has caused new waste again.
The problem that the inventor once existed to above-mentioned drying equipment, designing notification number is " double return journey barrel type drying machines " of CN100573003C and " three return journey barrel type drying machines " that notification number is CN100570253C.Its potential potential energy that makes full use of " heat " and " wetting " two kinds of motions of matter is power; Adopt the design feature of " multiple-unit ", " multi-cavity body ", " many backhauls "; With new technologies such as " suitable, the countercurrent heat-transfer of many backhauls ", " low temperature are dry "; Make the brown coal volatile matter receive effectively protection, solved that brown coal drying catches fire and blast, volatile matter run off, the precipitation ability is low, the thermal efficiency lowly reaches problems such as one-time investment expense height, operating cost height.Through facts have proved, this technomania efficient high (greater than 81%), unit hydro-thermal consumption index is low (less than 1182kcal/kgH
2O), a precipitation range big (more than 50%), dehydration rate high (being 69-83%); The drying and upgrading rate is high, and (wet basis brown coal low heat valve is 3100kcal/kg; Baking back coal low heat valve can reach 5500kcal/kg, and its drying and upgrading rate is 77.42%, can realize the lifting of brown coal quality fully).
In addition, for many years,,, but do not have good way to reclaim, waste emptying although all receive people's great attention always to the 110-130 ℃ of used heat gas that produces in the dry run.This had both caused the loss of the energy, had increased greenhouse effects again, had also strengthened user's production cost, became a difficult problem that needs to be resolved hurrily in the industry.The above-mentioned high pressure steam boiler of superheated steam that provides needs regular annual test, and maintenance cost is high, operating cost is high, and one-time investment is big.Therefore, it is uneconomical to be used as the thermal source of brown coal drying with the boiler for producing superheated steam.Though adopt high-temperature flue gas economical as the thermal source of brown coal drying, catch fire and problem such as hidden peril of explosion but exist, be not easy good or accept by the international market.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of heat energy apparatus with preparing superheated steam with waste heat steam; It is uneconomical as thermal source with the boiler for producing superheated steam that it has solved dry brown coal effectively; Though economical as thermal source, but there is the problem of catching fire with hidden peril of explosion with high-temperature flue gas; Its reasonable in design, stable performance safeguards that operating cost is low easily, has energy-conservation, consumption reduction, reduces discharging, the characteristics that have wide range of applications are used for dry brown coal and can make technology smooth, reduce maintenance cost and one-time investment.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: the heat energy apparatus of this usefulness preparing superheated steam with waste heat steam comprises and partition wall is set, has the following independent body smoke box of useless exhanst gas outlet and the pedestal of disjunctor smoke box down; Be fixed on the heat exchange portion of pedestal top; The last independent body smoke box of gas approach and arch form flue is set and goes up the disjunctor smoke box; Its technical essential is: low-temperature heat exchange district, middle temperature heat transfer zone and the high temperature heat transfer zone that is made up of the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger is set between the two sides heat insulation wall of said heat exchange portion; The said inner chamber of going up the independent body smoke box is communicated with the tube chamber at the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger top of said high temperature heat transfer zone; The tube chamber of the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger of said high temperature heat transfer zone bottom through disjunctor smoke box down be communicated with said in the tube chamber of bundled tube heat and mass exchanger bottom of warm heat transfer zone; The tube chamber at the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger top of warm heat transfer zone is communicated with the tube chamber at the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger top in low-temperature heat exchange district in said through last disjunctor smoke box; The tube chamber of the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger bottom in low-temperature heat exchange district is communicated with the inner chamber of following independent body smoke box; Parallel staggered tube bank gap between the upper and lower tube sheet of the said bundled tube heat and mass exchanger of the basic, normal, high temperature heat transfer zone of said heat exchange portion forms connected chamber; Import is connected used heat gas carrier pipe with the used heat gas through collecting and distributing cover in the outer end of the connected chamber in said low-temperature heat exchange district, and outlet is connected the superheated steam supply pipe with superheated steam through assembling cover in the outer end of the connected chamber of said high temperature heat transfer zone.
The two sides heat insulation wall of said heat exchange portion is to be made up of inside panel, exterior panel and the high heat preserving and insulating material that is laid between inside and outside wallboard.
Said upward independent body smoke box reaches upward, and the disjunctor smoke box is formed by the end envelope heat insulation wall of semi-cylindrical shaped heat insulation wall and both sides and the upper perforated plate encapsulation of said bundled tube heat and mass exchanger respectively.
It is to be made up of inside panel, exterior panel and the high heat preserving and insulating material that is laid between inside and outside wallboard that the said semi-cylindrical shaped heat insulation wall of going up independent body smoke box and last disjunctor smoke box and end seal heat insulation wall.
Said down independent body smoke box and down the disjunctor smoke box form by pedestal inner chamber that partition wall is set and the lower perforated plate encapsulation that has concrete collar tie beam, lintel and a said bundled tube heat and mass exchanger of built-in fitting respectively.
Parallel vertically distribution and staggered logical heart steel pipe of arranging are adopted in parallel staggered tube bank between the upper and lower tube sheet of said bundled tube heat and mass exchanger; And the pore that passes upper and lower tube sheet respectively carries out the end sealing-in, makes the upper and lower perforation of tube chamber of the top and bottom of said bundled tube heat and mass exchanger.
Advantage and good effect that the present invention has are: because heat energy apparatus of the present invention is to utilize the used heat gas; The heat exchange portion that constitutes through the low-temperature heat exchange district that is made up of the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger, middle temperature heat transfer zone and high temperature heat transfer zone carries out caloic exchange fully; Preparation is as the superheated steam of thermal source; So it becomes the waste resource recycling, and make it promote heat transmission equipment for the superheated steam that application prospect is arranged most.Particularly use its feedway as the drying medium of brown coal; Operation is safer; It is uneconomical as thermal source with the boiler for producing superheated steam to have solved dry brown coal effectively, though economical with high-temperature flue gas as thermal source, but have the problem of catching fire with hidden peril of explosion.Because of the present invention utilizes used heat gas that drying machine the discharges drying medium as the caloic exchange in dry run, the temperature high starting point of used heat gas, priming speed is fast, programming rate is fast, process is simple and direct, power consumption is few; So its reasonable in design; Stable performance is safeguarded easily, is used for dry brown coal and can makes technology smooth; Reduce operating cost, reduce maintenance cost and one-time investment.Practice examining shows; This heat energy apparatus if with the inventor's " double return journey barrel type drying machines ", " three return journey barrel type drying machines " and patented technologies such as " energy efficient cylinder type brown coal drying and upgrading devices "; Supportingly be used for dry brown coal, its thermal efficiency will improve 5 percentage points at least; Per kilogram hydro-thermal consumption index will reduce 50kcal/kgH at least
2The heat of O, the primary drying dehydration rate can reach 69.18-83.7, and the brown coal moisture after the baking needs by the user, can be reduced to fully in the 6-8% scope, and baking back coal upgrading rate can reach 45.39-92.08%, is fit to very much the big production needs of industrialization, scale.Adopt this heat energy apparatus to remove dry brown coal, not only improved the security of dry run with the superheated steam of used heat gas preparation, and with the direct granulating and forming of brown coal after the baking; The product qualification rate improves; Without post bake, also need not add adhesive, have characteristics energy-conservation, that lower consumption, reduce discharging.Brown coal after the oven dry substitute bituminous coal and anthracite because calorific value is raised, and range of application is more extensive, can also substitute anthracite directly as industrial chemicals coal, thermal coal, reduce the spontaneous combustion probability, reduce cost of transportation.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is a kind of concrete structure sketch map of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of Fig. 1 along the A-A line.
Fig. 3 is a kind of process chart that is applied to the brown coal drying and dehydrating upgrading of the present invention.
Sequence number explanation among the figure: 1 partition wall; 2 times independent body smoke boxes; 3 useless exhanst gas outlets; 4 collar tie beams; 5 collecting and distributing covers; 6 used heat gas imports; 7 bundled tube heat and mass exchangers; 8 manholes; 9 ends envelope; Disjunctor smoke box on 10; 11 low-temperature heat exchange districts; Warm heat transfer zone in 12; 13 at a distance from shrouding; 14 arch form flues; 15 gas approach; Independent body smoke box on 16; 17 flue brace summers; 18 high temperature heat transfer zone; The outlet of 19 superheated steams; 20 assemble cover; 21 built-in fittings; 22 times disjunctor smoke boxes; 23 lintels; 24 pedestals; 25 lower perforated plates; 26 heat insulation walls; 27 upper perforated plates; 28 high heat preserving and insulating materials; 29 exterior panels; 30 inside panels; 31 hot-blast stoves; A 32 difference tubular type gas separator; 33 dedusters; 34 sensing detection elements; 35 used heat gases; 36 blower fans; 37 cylinder drying machines; 38 superheated steams; 39 temperature sensors; 40 heat energy apparatus.
The specific embodiment
Specify concrete structure of the present invention according to Fig. 1～3.The heat energy apparatus 40 of these usefulness used heat gas 35 preparation superheated steams 38 comprises: the pedestal 24 that partition wall 1 is set; The following independent body smoke box 2 that has useless exhanst gas outlet 3; Following disjunctor smoke box 22; Be fixed on the heat exchange portion of pedestal 24 tops, the last independent body smoke box 16 of gas approach 15 and arch form flue 14 be set, last disjunctor smoke box 10 parts such as grade.Low-temperature heat exchange district 11, middle temperature heat transfer zone 12 and the high temperature heat transfer zone 18 that is made up of bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 wherein is set between the two sides heat insulation wall 26 of heat exchange portion.Heat insulation wall 26 is to be made up of inside panel 30, exterior panel 29 and the high heat preserving and insulating material 28 that is laid on 30,29 of inside and outside wallboards.The specification of inside panel 30, exterior panel 29 and used sheet material should be according to actual needs with possibly select.
Last independent body smoke box 16 reaches upward, and disjunctor smoke box 10 is formed by the heat insulation wall of semi-cylindrical shaped heat insulation wall and two side ends envelope 9 and upper perforated plate 27 encapsulation of bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 respectively.The heat insulation wall 26 of the semi-cylindrical shaped heat insulation wall 26 of last independent body smoke box 16 and last disjunctor smoke box 10 and end envelope 9 is identical with two sides heat insulation wall 26 structures of heat exchange portion, all is to be made up of inside panel 30, exterior panel 29 and the high heat preserving and insulating material 28 that is laid on 30,29 of inside and outside wallboards.Following independent body smoke box 2 and down disjunctor smoke box 22 form by the pedestal that partition wall 1 is set 24 inner chambers and lower perforated plate 25 encapsulation that have concrete collar tie beam 4, lintel 23 and a bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 of built-in fitting 21 respectively.When heat energy apparatus 40 was mini-plant, disjunctor smoke box 22 can adopt full steel structure under following independent body smoke box 2 reached.Following independent body smoke box 2 is flue gas passing aways of cooling, has the further sedimentation of micronic dust and compiles function.
For easy to maintenance, on the heat insulation wall 26 of the end envelope 9 of last independent body smoke box and last disjunctor smoke box 10, manhole 8 is set, the side of two cavitys of following independent body smoke box 2 and following disjunctor smoke box 22 also is respectively equipped with the hurdle and repaiies manhole 8.Manhole 8 is to supply maintainer reservation hole that come in and go out and that have seal cover.At a distance from shrouding 13 is to connect the structural slab of going up independent body smoke box 16, going up disjunctor smoke box 10 ends envelope 9, has connection effect and sealing function, plays the effect that maintenance is convenient, be easy to load and unload simultaneously.
Bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 is that 35 distillations of low-temperature waste heat gas are the key equipment of superheated steam 38, is the important place of high-temperature flue gas and 35 caloic transmission of low-temperature waste heat gas and exchange.Its upper and lower tube sheet 27, the parallel staggered tube bank between 25; Adopt parallel vertically distribution and staggered logical heart steel pipe of arranging; And the pore that passes upper and lower tube sheet 27,25 respectively carries out the end sealing-in, makes the upper and lower separately perforation of tube chamber of the top and bottom of bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7.The vegetables of the tube bank permutation and combination of bundled tube caloic heater 7 are close, should be according to the height settings of its output temperature, and the temperature of tube bank output is high, then arranges for the close formula of putting, and the temperature of tube bank output is low, then puts formula for vegetables and arranges.The diameter of tube bank should be selected φ 20-60mm tubing for use, and material can adopt stainless steel tube, copper pipe, also can adopt steel pipe, also can adopt tubing such as ratio-frequency welding adapter as required.The material of upper and lower tube sheet 27,25 can adopt 16Mn sheet material or Q235 sheet material, and its thickness is preferably 10-30mm.
The inner chamber of last independent body smoke box 16 is communicated with the tube chamber at bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 tops of high temperature heat transfer zone 18; The tube chamber of bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 bottoms of high temperature heat transfer zone 18 is through the tube chamber of bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 bottoms of warm heat transfer zone 12 during disjunctor smoke box 22 is communicated with down; In the tube chamber at bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 tops of warm heat transfer zone 12 be communicated with the tube chamber at bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 tops in low-temperature heat exchange districts 11 through last disjunctor smoke box 10; The tube chamber of bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 bottoms in low-temperature heat exchange district 11 is communicated with the inner chamber of following independent body smoke box 2.The upper and lower tube sheet 27 of the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 of the low-temperature heat exchange district 11 of heat exchange portion, middle temperature heat transfer zone 12, high temperature heat transfer zone 18, the parallel staggered tube bank gap between 25 form connected chamber.High-temperature flue gas is gone up in the independent body smoke box 16 by gas approach 15 entering of baking type flue 14; The tube chamber heat exchange of the upper and lower perforation of the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 of the high, medium and low temperature heat transfer zone 18,12,11 in edge successively again; Through the following disjunctor smoke box 22 that is communicated with, go up disjunctor smoke box 10 and turn back, the flue gas of cooling is discharged from the useless exhanst gas outlet 4 of independent body smoke box 2 down.
The outer end of the connected chamber in low-temperature heat exchange district 11 is connected used heat gas carrier pipe (not shown) through collecting and distributing cover 5 with used heat gas import 6, the outer end of the connected chamber of high temperature heat transfer zone 18 is connected superheated steam supply pipe (not shown) through assembling cover 20 with superheated steam outlet 19.Low-temperature waste heat gas 35 is transformed into hyperthermia and superheating steam and flows to the superheated steam supply pipe by superheated steam outlet 19 from the connected chamber heat exchange that used heat gas import 6 forms through the upper and lower tube sheet 27 of the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 of high, medium and low temperature heat transfer zone 18,12,11, parallel staggered tube bank gap between 25 successively.Above-mentioned high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature waste heat gas 35 are respectively by passage antikinesis separately, can realize that fully caloic fully exchanges, the waste resource recycling.
The idiographic flow (shown in Figure 3) that the present invention is applied to the brown coal drying and dehydrating process for upgrading is as follows:
Employing provides the hot-blast stove 31 of high-temperature flue gas; For heat energy apparatus 40 provides thermal source, hot-blast stove 31 can adopt traveling-grate stoker hot-blast stove, fluidized bed type fluidized bed furnace and whirlwind coal-powder boiler, can also adopt gas furnace or oil burner; Concrete adopt any stove, then look local condition and decide.Cylinder drying machine 37 can be selected drying equipment of the inventor's " double return journey barrel type drying machines ", " three return journey barrel type drying machines " and " many backhauls cylinder type brown coal drying and upgrading device " or other kind etc.Being configured in the temperature sensor 39 that cylinder drying machine 37 anterior superheated steam 38 temperature to input detect, is the common component that preparation superheated steam 38 processes detect; Be configured in the sensing detection element 34 in used heat gas 35 exits of cylinder drying machine 37 outputs, be mainly used in the detection of temperature and humidity pressure signal is read.Temperature sensor 39 provides the parameter foundation with the control system that sensing detection element 34 is drying technology process, so that realize automation control.Deduster 33 adopts can be with the used heat gas 35 of cylinder drying machine 37 outputs, and the part dust of under the motion state condition, taking away carries out sedimentation, the common equipment that used heat gas 35 is purified.Can be up according to high temperature low humidity gas, principle that the low temperature and high relative humidity gas is descending; Adopt the difference position formula gas separator 32 of volume tubular type difference position isolating construction; Make the purification used heat gas 35 of suction carry out vapour, water natural separation; Unnecessary low temperature and high relative humidity gas is discharged outside the machine automatically, and no sewage produces; Subsequent use isolated high temperature low humidity gas through blower fan 36 input used heat gas carrier pipes.The recovery of the used heat gas 35 of output and be transformed into the blower fan common commonly used that the superheated steam of high temperature is carried when this blower fan 36 adopts and realizes that cylinder drying machines 37 get into normal conditions through heat exchange.
When normally utilizing used heat gas 35 preparation superheated steams 38 dry brown coal; Utilize 700-850 ℃ high-temperature flue gas of hot-blast stove 31 outputs; Gas approach 15 through baking type flue 14 gets in the cavity of going up independent body smoke box 16; (adopt common Y series blower fan at smoke suction machine; Be the equipment that hot-blast stove 31 must configuration, not shown) high-temperature flue gas is descending along the tube chamber of bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 tube banks of high temperature heat transfer zone 18 down in effect, in disjunctor smoke box 22 cavitys down, meet partition wall 1 turn back along in the tube chamber of bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 tube banks of warm heat transfer zone 12 up; The tube chamber of bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 tube banks through the low-temperature heat exchange district 11 that is communicated with last disjunctor smoke box 10 comes downwards to down the inner chamber of independent body smoke box 2 again; High-temperature flue gas is through the turn back heat transmission of operation of three backhauls like this, drops to 110-130 ℃ very soon to the cigarette temperature of useless exhanst gas outlet 3, and the flue gas of under the effect of smoke suction machine, lowering the temperature is from descending useless exhanst gas outlet 3 emptyings of independent body smoke box 2.Meanwhile; The used heat gas 35 of output was after deduster 33 and difference position formula gas separator 32 purify when cylinder drying machine 37 got into normal condition; Through blower fan 36 input used heat gas carrier pipes; Again from used heat gas import 6 successively through the upper and lower tube sheet 27 of the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger 7 of high, medium and low temperature heat transfer zone 18,12,11, the interbank connected chamber heat exchange between 25; Be transformed into hyperthermia and superheating steam 38 and flow to the superheated steam supply pipe, as the dry brown coal of the thermal source of cylinder drying machine 37 by superheated steam outlet 19.The temperature-rise period of its used heat gas 35 is 110-130 ℃ by inlet temperature; The heat exchange of the tube bank of three groups of bundled tube heat and mass exchangers 7 of the high, medium and low temperature heat transfer zone 18,12,11 of process; Be elevated to 350-450 ℃ or higher very soon; Make the used heat gas 35 of low-temperature saturated steam be transformed into hyperthermia and superheating steam 38, thereby reach the purpose of waste resource recycling.
Claims (6)
1. heat energy apparatus with preparing superheated steam with waste heat steam; Comprise and partition wall is set, has the following independent body smoke box of useless exhanst gas outlet and the pedestal of disjunctor smoke box down; Be fixed on the heat exchange portion of pedestal top; The last independent body smoke box of gas approach and arch form flue is set and goes up the disjunctor smoke box; It is characterized in that: low-temperature heat exchange district, middle temperature heat transfer zone and the high temperature heat transfer zone that is made up of the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger is set between the two sides heat insulation wall of said heat exchange portion; The said inner chamber of going up the independent body smoke box is communicated with the tube chamber at the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger top of said high temperature heat transfer zone; The tube chamber of the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger of said high temperature heat transfer zone bottom through disjunctor smoke box down be communicated with said in the tube chamber of bundled tube heat and mass exchanger bottom of warm heat transfer zone; The tube chamber at the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger top of warm heat transfer zone is communicated with the tube chamber at the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger top in low-temperature heat exchange district in said through last disjunctor smoke box; The tube chamber of the bundled tube heat and mass exchanger bottom in low-temperature heat exchange district is communicated with the inner chamber of following independent body smoke box; Parallel staggered tube bank gap between the upper and lower tube sheet of the said bundled tube heat and mass exchanger of the basic, normal, high temperature heat transfer zone of said heat exchange portion forms connected chamber, and import is connected used heat gas carrier pipe with the used heat gas through collecting and distributing cover in the outer end of the connected chamber in said low-temperature heat exchange district, and the outer end of the connected chamber of said high temperature heat transfer zone is covered to export with superheated steam through assembly and is connected the superheated steam supply pipe.
2. the heat energy apparatus with preparing superheated steam with waste heat steam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the two sides heat insulation wall of said heat exchange portion is to be made up of inside panel, exterior panel and the high heat preserving and insulating material that is laid between inside and outside wallboard.
3. the heat energy apparatus with preparing superheated steam with waste heat steam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said go up the independent body smoke box and go up the disjunctor smoke box encapsulate by the upper perforated plate of the end envelope heat insulation wall of semi-cylindrical shaped heat insulation wall and both sides and said bundled tube heat and mass exchanger respectively and form.
4. the heat energy apparatus with preparing superheated steam with waste heat steam according to claim 3 is characterized in that: it is to be made up of inside panel, exterior panel and the high heat preserving and insulating material that is laid between inside and outside wallboard that the said semi-cylindrical shaped heat insulation wall of going up independent body smoke box and last disjunctor smoke box and end seal heat insulation wall.
5. the heat energy apparatus with preparing superheated steam with waste heat steam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said down independent body smoke box and down the disjunctor smoke box form by pedestal inner chamber that partition wall is set and the lower perforated plate encapsulation that has concrete collar tie beam, lintel and a said bundled tube heat and mass exchanger of built-in fitting respectively.
6. the heat energy apparatus with preparing superheated steam with waste heat steam according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: parallel vertically distribution and staggered logical heart steel pipe of arranging are adopted in the parallel staggered tube bank between the upper and lower tube sheet of said bundled tube heat and mass exchanger; And the pore that passes upper and lower tube sheet respectively carries out the end sealing-in, makes the upper and lower perforation of tube chamber of the top and bottom of said bundled tube heat and mass exchanger.
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| CN101907289B true CN101907289B (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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| CN102628652B (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2014-06-25 | 江苏沙钢集团有限公司 | Method for preventing blockage of smoke system of metallurgical solid waste treatment rotary hearth furnace |
| JP6640612B2 (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2020-02-05 | 直本工業株式会社 | Method for producing glass for automobile with member and superheated steam chamber used for production of glass for automobile with member |
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