CN101906287B - 一种光热转换工质组合物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明一种光热转换工质组合物，为黑色液体，包括有水基、油水乳化型或油基组合物。在低温-35～110℃使用的水基或乳液光热转换工质组合物，由黑色吸热材料、有机醇贮导材料、防腐剂、增粘剂和水组成。或者由黑色吸热材料、溴化锂贮导材料、防腐剂、增粘剂和水组成。在中温(-40-400℃)使用的油基液光热转换工质组合物，由黑色吸热材料和贮导材料组成，所述贮导材料为环烷烃，芳烃、联苯醚、苄基甲苯、重烷基苯、二苯甲基烷或合成烷烃的混合物。本发明的组合物具有高吸收率、低发射率的特点，性能优良，不结垢，耐腐蚀，可广泛用于太阳能集热工程，制作工艺简单，便于推广。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于太阳能利用技术领域，涉及一种太阳集热器用光热转换工质组合物。
背景技术
传统太阳能热水器以及热水工程基本采用靠阳光加热真空管或金属管的黑色涂层，然后再加热管壁后将水或介质加热，热吸收效率大约在80％左右，集热器制作和材质局限较大。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种光热转换工质组合物，将传统的由光加热管壁然后传导给介质的方法变为由太阳光直接照射到光热转换工质，将太阳光能转化为热能。
本发明一种光热转换工质组合物，为黑色液体，包括有水基液体材料、油水乳化型或油基组合物。
一种在低温-35～110℃使用的油水乳化型光热转换工质组合物，以质量百分数计，由黑色吸热材料0.5-5％、有机醇贮导材料35-55％、防腐剂0.5-1％、增粘剂0.5-1％和余量的水组成。
一种在低温-35～110℃使用的水基光热转换工质组合物，以质量百分数计，由黑色吸热材料0.5-5％、溴化锂贮导材料40-55％、防腐剂0.5-1％、增粘剂0.5-1％和余量的水组成。
其中黑色吸热材料可采用PH6-8的高黑度超细碳黑或碳素颜料，有机醇贮导材料为乙二醇、丙三醇或甲醇等，防腐剂为纳米氧化锌、氧化银或氧化钛等。溴化锂为超导材料，在35℃时气化，具有高速传导的特性，液相吸收率95％，发射率＜5％。
一种在中温(-40～400℃)使用的油基光热转换工质组合物，以质量百分数计，由黑色吸热材料0.5～5％和贮导材料95～99.5％组成，所述贮导材料为环烷烃，芳烃、联苯醚、苄基甲苯、重烷基苯、二苯甲基烷或合成烷烃的混合物。
其中所述黑色吸热材料可采用PH6-8的高黑度超细碳黑或碳素颜料。
本发明光热转换工质的组合物的工作原理，是将透过集热器的太阳光的光能吸收后转化为热能，通过热循环或强制性热循环，将热通过换热器传递给能量储存***。
本发明的特点，高吸收率、低发射率，耐低温或耐高温，性能优良，不结垢，耐腐蚀，可广泛用于太阳能集热工程，制作工艺简单，性能稳定，寿命长，便于推广。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例说明本发明，但不限制本发明。各百分数均指质量百分数。
实施例1：
PH6-8、1500目炭黑3％、乙二醇40％，水56％，纳米氧化银0.5％，黄原胶0.5％。耐温-35--100℃，吸收率为95％，发射率＜5％。
实施例2：
100纳米炭黑3％，溴化锂45％，水50.5％、黄原胶1％，纳米氧化锌0.2％，纳米二氧化钛0.3％。耐温-40-110℃，吸收率为95％，发射率＜5％。
实施例3：
100纳米碳素粉5％，溴化锂55％，黄原胶0.5％，纳米氧化锌1％，水38.5％。耐温-40-110℃，吸收率为95％，发射率＜5％，可以用于300℃以上使用。
实施例4：
PH6-8、1500目炭黑1％、丙三醇50％，水47％，纳米氧化银1％，黄原胶1％。耐温-35--+100℃，吸收率为95％，发射率＜5％。
实施例5：
100纳米碳素粉2％，联苯醚和苯醚混合物98％。耐温-40～390℃，吸收率为95％，，发射率＜5％，可以用于300℃以上使用。
Claims (2)
1.一种光热转换工质组合物，其特征在于以质量百分数计，由黑色吸热材料0.5-5％、有机醇贮导材料35-55％、防腐剂0.5-1％、增粘剂0.5-1％和余量的水组成，所述黑色吸热材料采用pH6-8的高黑度超细碳黑或碳素颜料，有机醇贮导材料为乙二醇、丙三醇或甲醇，防腐剂为纳米氧化锌、氧化银或氧化钛。
2.一种光热转换工质组合物，其特征在于以质量百分数计，由黑色吸热材料0.5-5％、溴化锂贮导材料40-55％、防腐剂0.5-1％、增粘剂0.5-1％和余量的水组成，所述黑色吸热材料采用pH6-8的高黑度超细碳黑或碳素颜料，防腐剂为纳米氧化锌、氧化银或氧化钛，增粘剂采用黄原胶。
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104812867B (zh) * | 2012-09-14 | 2017-07-14 | 东京应化工业株式会社 | 用于太阳热发电***的载热体组合物 |
| CN104178092A (zh) * | 2013-05-27 | 2014-12-03 | 山东恒导石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种高温有机热载体及其生产工艺 |
| CN106085372A (zh) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 内蒙古旭力恒新能源开发有限公司 | 一种具有优异抗寒性能的溴化钇超导液 |
| CN106085373A (zh) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 内蒙古旭力恒新能源开发有限公司 | 一种太阳能供暖专用超导液 |
| CN106085374A (zh) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 内蒙古旭力恒新能源开发有限公司 | 一种节能供暖超导液 |
| CN106318335A (zh) * | 2016-06-15 | 2017-01-11 | 内蒙古旭力恒新能源开发有限公司 | 一种具有环保型复合阻垢缓蚀剂的溴化铕热超导介质 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85102293A (zh) * | 1985-04-01 | 1986-09-17 | 河北省科学院能源研究所 | 太阳能复合水性光热转换材料 |
| CN1071674A (zh) * | 1992-08-06 | 1993-05-05 | 张云山 | 一种闷晒式太阳能热水器的吸热涂料 |
| CN1275703A (zh) * | 1999-05-31 | 2000-12-06 | 刘昌炎 | 太阳能集热装置 |
| CN101024762A (zh) * | 2006-02-23 | 2007-08-29 | 白松泉 | 工业防蚀防垢传热介质 |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85102293A (zh) * | 1985-04-01 | 1986-09-17 | 河北省科学院能源研究所 | 太阳能复合水性光热转换材料 |
| CN1071674A (zh) * | 1992-08-06 | 1993-05-05 | 张云山 | 一种闷晒式太阳能热水器的吸热涂料 |
| CN1275703A (zh) * | 1999-05-31 | 2000-12-06 | 刘昌炎 | 太阳能集热装置 |
| CN101024762A (zh) * | 2006-02-23 | 2007-08-29 | 白松泉 | 工业防蚀防垢传热介质 |
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