CN101901546A - Intelligent traffic dispatching and commanding and information service method and system based on dynamic information - Google Patents
Intelligent traffic dispatching and commanding and information service method and system based on dynamic information Download PDFInfo
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- CN101901546A CN101901546A CN 201010166363 CN201010166363A CN101901546A CN 101901546 A CN101901546 A CN 101901546A CN 201010166363 CN201010166363 CN 201010166363 CN 201010166363 A CN201010166363 A CN 201010166363A CN 101901546 A CN101901546 A CN 101901546A
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Abstract
The invention discloses intelligent traffic dispatching and commanding and information service method and system based on dynamic information. The method comprises the following steps of: collecting basic traffic data; normalizing the time, the space and the attributes of the basic traffic data; periodically evaluating and predicting the traffic state of the entire road network; periodically comparing the traffic state evaluation results and the historical data of the road network, and sending a warning prompt to a commander in case of exceeding a certain threshold; responding to a confirmed warning prompt, and creating a breakdown lorry dispatching scheme; and responding to the confirmed warning prompt and the evaluated and predicted road network traffic state, judging whether a serious traffic jam occurs, and creating and releasing abnormal traffic information or normal traffic information. The invention can increase the utilization ratio of the basic traffic data, can enhance the contact between the urban traffic command center and the 110 command center, and can improve the working efficiency of personnel in the command centers and the travelling efficiency of travelers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the analyzing and processing of dynamic information and the method and system of emergency resources such as vehicle and personnel being carried out command scheduling based on dynamic information.
Background technology
Along with the continuous growth of automobile pollution, congestion in road has become the homely food of many urban transportations.In order to alleviate this phenomenon, the municipal intelligent traffic system is built in many cities one after another, these system acquisition dissimilar traffic data for independently system is used separately, be used for the generation in control signal cycle as the flow detection of traffic control system, the GPS track monitor data of taxi is used for the scheduling and the management of vehicle.But because the difference of construction system and service range, these basic traffic datas only can just be in idle state for native system provides limited service.
On the other hand, in present traffic monitoring command centre, mainly rely on the situation that video monitoring manually monitors the road surface, waste time and energy.Simultaneously; traffic monitoring command centre and 110 command centres that are responsible for the urgent affairs of disposal are again two relatively independent centers; in case have an accident; be responsible for disposing common can the showing up of 110 command centres of urgent affairs according to the patrol police and the breakdown lorry of nearby principle calling periphery; and can't consider the congestion status of scene and peripheral traffic, tend to incur loss through delay the best opportunity of rescue.The driver of leading to the crime place is also owing to the Real-time Traffic Information that can't definitely know road ahead by single means such as Traffic Announcements, thereby the impatient mood of generation causes the generation of second accident easily.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to improve the utilization factor of basic traffic data, strengthen getting in touch of urban transportation control and command center and 110 command centres, improve the staff's of command centre work efficiency, the road net traffic state in city is assessed dynamically and predicted, and provide the accident detection alarm for command centre on this basis, decision-making assistant informations such as intelligent vehicle scheduling, be convenient to commanding's dispatch control, also can provide the information service of real-time and dynamic traffic guidance for vast traveler, be guided out passerby's selection and change the trip route, reduce unnecessary delay, improve and line efficiency.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service method based on multidate information may further comprise the steps:
(1) gather the basic traffic data that is positioned at a plurality of data sources, described basic traffic data comprises that the static traffic data reach the dynamic traffic data from a plurality of infosystems;
(2) generation time of the described basic traffic data that collects is resolved, adopting unified clock is reference point, generate year, month, day, hour, min, second relative coordinate; The locus that described dynamic traffic data produce is resolved, and adopting unified geographical space coordinate is reference system, generates city, area under one's jurisdiction, road, highway section, crossing relative coordinate; Traffic attribute to described dynamic traffic data description is resolved, and generate to block, crowded, unimpeded, fast, slow phase is to attribute;
(3), periodically the traffic behavior of whole road network is estimated and predicted with the period 1 based on the described basic traffic data of handling through step (2);
(4) periodically to compare second round by the road net traffic state estimated result of step (3) gained and the historical data of long-term accumulation, exceed certain threshold value, differentiation takes place for accident is arranged, and sends alarm to the commander, described second round be the described period 1 positive integer doubly; Through after manually examining, alarm is removed or confirmed;
(5) the confirmed described alarm of response need to judge whether the vehicle rescue: if then generate the breakdown lorry scheduling scheme;
(6) respond the confirmed described alarm and the road net traffic state of estimation and prediction, judge whether seriously to block up: if, then generate induction scheme, generate and issue unusual transport information then; If not, then generate and issue the normality transport information.
Described dynamic traffic data comprise track of vehicle data, traffic hazard data, traffic flow data, breakdown lorry information, and described breakdown lorry information comprises breakdown lorry type and position.
Exponential smoothing is adopted in the prediction of road net traffic state.
In the step of described generation breakdown lorry scheduling scheme, the object matching degree P ordering according to described breakdown lorry begins scheduling, described object matching degree P=α C+ β/T from the Optimum Matching vehicle
n+ γ/L
n, wherein C is a breakdown lorry type matching degree, T
nFor this breakdown lorry is pressed by short and long ranking, L in the path journey time tabulation of spot at all breakdown lorrys to the path journey time of spot
nFor this breakdown lorry to the distance of spot all breakdown lorrys to the spot apart from tabulation in by from the close-by examples to those far off ranking, α, β, γ are weight.
In the step of described generation induction scheme, generate induction scheme according to the dynamic road condition generation source that just blocks up, the block up traveler of generation source different distance scope of adjusting the distance provides different induction informations, is guided out passerby's rerouting.
According to a further aspect in the invention, also provide a kind of intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service system, comprising based on multidate information:
Basis traffic data collection equipment, described basic traffic data are positioned at a plurality of data sources and comprise that the static traffic data reach the dynamic traffic data from a plurality of infosystems;
Coordinate-system normalizing device: the generation time to the described basic traffic data that collects is resolved, and adopting unified clock is reference point, generate year, month, day, hour, min, second relative coordinate; The locus that described dynamic traffic data produce is resolved, and adopting unified geographical space coordinate is reference system, generates city, area under one's jurisdiction, road, highway section, crossing relative coordinate; Traffic attribute to described dynamic traffic data description is resolved, and generate to block, crowded, unimpeded, fast, slow phase is to attribute;
The road net traffic state evaluator, it is based on the dynamic traffic data of handling through described coordinate-system normalizing device, periodically the traffic behavior of whole road network is estimated and is predicted with the period 1;
The accident autoalarm, it is periodically to compare second round by the road net traffic state of described road net traffic state evaluator estimation and the historical data of long-term accumulation, exceed certain threshold value, differentiation takes place for accident is arranged, send alarm to the commander, described second round be the described period 1 positive integer doubly;
Breakdown lorry scheduling strategy maker, the described alarm that its response is confirmed need to judge whether the vehicle rescue: if then generate the breakdown lorry scheduling scheme;
The road net traffic state publisher server, described alarm that its response is confirmed and described road net traffic state evaluator are estimated and prediction result, are judged whether seriously to block up: if, then generate induction scheme, generate and issue unusual transport information then; If not, then generate and issue the normality transport information;
Data storage and switching centre, be used to store the ephemeral data and the historical data of described basic traffic data collection equipment, described coordinate-system normalizing device, described road net traffic state evaluator, described accident autoalarm, described breakdown lorry scheduling strategy maker, the generation of described road net traffic state publisher server, for it provides data, services.
The present invention has following technique effect:
(1) adopts basic traffic data collection equipment to gather traffic data in real time,, road net traffic state is estimated and predicted, improved the utilization factor of idle data by fusion and analysis-by-synthesis to traffic data from multi-source system;
(2) can be according to the traffic on existing inferred from input data road surface, and contingent traffic hazard, replace existing artificial videoscanning, reduce working strength, increase work efficiency;
(3) can dynamically adjust the scheduling scheme and the traffic route of breakdown lorry according to traffic, reach best rescue effect;
(4) can dynamically generate induction scheme according to traffic and issue, improve the service efficiency of road network, alleviate road traffic pressure, reduce the driver and wait for anxiety, reduce the generation of traffic hazard to the public.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system architecture synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service information flow chart;
Fig. 3 is the Information Monitoring flow graph of basic traffic data;
Fig. 4 estimates process flow diagram for road net traffic state;
Fig. 5 is the automatic alarm flow figure of accident;
Fig. 6 is breakdown lorry scheduling strategy product process figure;
Fig. 7 is a dynamic traffic guidance scheme product process;
Fig. 8 is the system physical deployment diagram.
Embodiment
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings, provide preferred embodiment of the present invention, and described in detail, enable to understand better function of the present invention, characteristics.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service system based on multidate information of the present invention comprises basic traffic data collection equipment, coordinate-system normalizing device, road net traffic state evaluator, accident autoalarm, breakdown lorry scheduling strategy maker, road net traffic state publisher server, data storage and switching centre.
The operation of total system is divided into three phases: data preparatory stage, data processing stage and information service stage.
The data preparatory stage is mainly finished by basic traffic data collection equipment.
Basis traffic data collection equipment mainly realizes being positioned at the collection of the basic traffic data of a plurality of data sources.The basis traffic data comprises that the static traffic data reach the dynamic traffic data from a plurality of infosystems.Wherein, the dynamic traffic data comprise road traffic delay amount, crossing signal controlling, track of vehicle, traffic hazard warning message, parking information, traffic information, breakdown lorry information, and other possible traffic datas.Data acquisition is adopted and initiatively to be gathered and passively obtain two kinds of patterns.Initiatively gather and refer to that native system regularly initiatively to data source initiation request of data, is sent the data of request by data source.Passive obtaining refers to that native system carries out data decryptor constantly, receives the data from each data source.Two kinds of patterns are all followed identical data standard.This standard content comprises that static traffic data acquisition standard, traffic flow data collection standard, track of vehicle data acquisition standard, traffic accident information are gathered standard, parking information is gathered standard, road conditions information gathering standard.Basis traffic data collection equipment can be concentrated deployment, and (collecting device connects a plurality of data sources, gather the traffic data that they produce), also can distribute and be deployed in the system source end (collecting device is deployed in certain data source end, only gathers the traffic data of this data source) that produces all kinds of traffic datas.The pattern that equipment can configuration data be gathered, type and source that can also configuration data.
Basis traffic data collection equipment comprises transmission adaptor, data adapter unit, data mapper.Transmission adaptor belongs to data transfer layer, be responsible for finishing with the coupling of external system data-interface with to the data adapter unit transmits data packets, the data-interface that provides according to external system is provided the coupling of external system data-interface, the configuration data collection is adopted to distribute and is disposed or concentrated deployment way, active collection or passive obtaining mode, and adopts which kind of host-host protocol transmission data etc.Data adapter unit is resolved the packet that transmits from transmission adaptor, become dissimilar traffic datas according to the bag type of decomposition, these traffic datas include but not limited to traffic flow data, track of vehicle data, traffic accident information, parking information, traffic information, breakdown lorry information.Decompose the traffic data that obtains for data adapter unit, data mapper is carried out standard according to the standard of inside definition again, comprises the standardization of device coding, accident coding, time format, address etc., and data are saved in data storage and switching centre.
The data processing stage is mainly finished by the coordinate-system normalizing device and the road net traffic state evaluator of polynary traffic data.
The basic traffic data that basis traffic data collection equipment collects is (from the different systems) of multi-source, is again polynary (embodying different traffic system features), and therefore the yardstick of tolerance also needs unified.The present invention adopts coordinate-system normalizing device, and all kinds of traffic datas are unified in the same multidimensional coordinate system, is convenient to calculate.Coordinate-system normalizing device comprises time normalizing module, space normalizing module and attribute normalizing module, comprehensively finishes multivariate data coordinate-system normalizing, is the basis of road net traffic state evaluator work.The time normalizing refers to the generation time of various dynamic traffic data is resolved, and adopting the clock of systematic unity is reference point, generates year, month, day, hour, min, the relative coordinate of second.The space normalizing refers to the locus that all kinds of dynamic traffic data produce is resolved, and adopting unified geographical space coordinate is reference system, generates relative coordinates such as city, area under one's jurisdiction, road, highway section, crossing.The attribute normalizing refers to the traffic attribute of all kinds of dynamic traffic data descriptions is resolved, and adopts unified evaluation criterion, such as the self-defining standard of concerned countries standard or system, generate to block, crowded, unimpeded, wait relative attribute soon, slowly.Coordinate-system normalizing device adopts cluster and load-balancing technique, and Various types of data is carried out time normalizing, space normalizing and attribute normalizing respectively, and unified management.
The road net traffic state evaluator comprises modules such as road net traffic state estimation, road net traffic state prediction and the assessment of road network service efficiency, based on the basic traffic data of handling through the coordinate-system normalizing, the traffic behavior of whole road network is estimated and predicted, and the road network service efficiency assessed, be the basis of carrying out follow-up accident alarming, breakdown lorry scheduling strategy, road net traffic state issue.The function that the road net traffic state evaluator is realized comprises: one, all kinds of traffic datas that arrive according to synthetical collection, infer the current traffic behavior of road of road network, major parameter has: highway section travel speed, Link Travel Time, path travel speed, path journey time, the classification of blocking up (nature/accident); Two, the Various types of data source of arriving according to synthetical collection and the historical data of long-term accumulation, the traffic behavior of prediction road network short-term or long-term road, major parameter has: highway section travel speed, Link Travel Time, path travel speed, path journey time; Three, the result according to road network estimation module or road network prediction module assesses the operation service efficiency of road network, and evaluation index has: crossing/link flow space-time statistical study, road network average stroke time, crowded section of highway, congested area, crowded period etc.
The information service stage is finished by accident autoalarm, breakdown lorry scheduling strategy maker and road net traffic state publisher server.
The accident autoalarm comprises road net traffic state scan module and accident differentiation and alarm module, it is by the assessment result of road net traffic state evaluator, historical data in conjunction with road static information and long-term accumulation is constantly carried out autoscan to the pavement of road state, carry out differentiation to showing unusual state, exceed certain threshold value, send alarm to the commander.The commander can dynamically set the alarm threshold value of abnormality.Through after manually examining, alarm is removed or is confirmed, simultaneously by the road net traffic state publisher server with the traveler issue of real-time traffic states to incident address periphery.Need rescue, also will call breakdown lorry scheduling strategy maker, generate the most rational breakdown lorry and send scheme and traffic route.
Breakdown lorry scheduling strategy maker comprises basic information management module, breakdown lorry scheduling scheme generation module and breakdown lorry driving scheme generation module.Basic information management comprises accident pattern management, vehicle and type of vehicle management, the management of breakdown lorry type matching degree and rescue tactical management etc.The rescue strategy refers to generate the preference strategy that the rescue scheme adopts, as the shortest preferential, the shortest preferential, the type matching priority scheduling of road of employing time.The driving scheme of breakdown lorry is made up of information such as the road prompting of vehicle ', reminding turning, time promptings.Breakdown lorry scheduling strategy maker is according to the breakdown lorry information of basic traffic data collection equipment collection and the assessment result of road net traffic state evaluator, take all factors into consideration factors such as accident pattern, breakdown lorry type, incident address and breakdown lorry position, breakdown lorry journey time, generate a cover breakdown lorry scheduling scheme, comprise priority scheduling sequence, each breakdown lorry of breakdown lorry the suggestion traffic route, estimate journey time etc.The commander informs breakdown lorry driver and related personnel according to the breakdown lorry scheduling scheme that generates by modes such as call, note, network data leaflets.
The road net traffic state publisher server comprises modules such as normality information generating module, induction scheme generation module and information issue adapter, and road net traffic state or traffic guidance information are distributed to the trip public.Under normal condition, the road net traffic state publisher server is mainly issued the result that come out by the road net traffic state evaluator computes.When causing congestion in road as the accident generation or owing to the magnitude of traffic flow is huge, publisher server is according to the coverage and influence the period of blocking up of road conditions, accident pattern, the magnitude of traffic flow and manual evaluation, generation is at the induction scheme in main crossroads and highway section, real-time release.The issue means comprise intelligent vehicle-carrying navigation equipment, internet of instant Traffic Announcement, roadside changeable message signs, personalized handset service, networking etc.
Data storage and switching centre adopt extensive relational database and data warehouse technology, are used to store the ephemeral data and the historical data in each stage, for each system module provides data, services.
The information flow of intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service as shown in Figure 2.At first will carry out the collection and the data of static data when initial and prepare, the dynamic traffic data are ceaselessly obtained by basic traffic data collection equipment.Can the walk abreast normalizing of the time of carrying out, space and attribute of the data that collect is handled, and the result of processing is stored in the volatile data base.The road net traffic state evaluator is according to the data in the volatile data base of the data acquisition of history and dynamic process, carry out the estimation and the prediction of road net traffic state, thereby the service efficiency of assessment road grid traffic, the result of assessment is saved in historical data on the one hand and concentrates, generate the data warehouse of road network state, be saved on the other hand in the volatile data base, be used as the foundation of the detection judgement and the issue of road grid traffic information of accident.The accident autoalarm constantly scanning collection to multidate information and the road net traffic state that estimates, carry out the accident differentiation in conjunction with history data set, if scan unusual state, then can send the accident alarming prompting to the commanding by system, the commanding examines by means such as video monitoring, phone inquiries, if wrong report, then continue scanning, otherwise, carry out the transport information issue by the road net traffic state publisher server according to the order of severity of dynamic road condition assessment accident and the possible scope of blocking up.If need the vehicle rescue, then manually confirm breakdown lorry type, accident pattern and rescue target, breakdown lorry scheduling strategy maker is according to above parameter and sound attitude traffic data, search suitable breakdown lorry, sort according to the object matching degree, and calculate the concrete traffic route of each car, notify the breakdown lorry of preceding some Optimum Matching.The rescue target refers to vehicle impaired in accident, road equipment or injured people.The factor that influences the object matching degree comprises breakdown lorry type, accident pattern, breakdown lorry distance, breakdown lorry journey time.The traffic route of vehicle is the shortest in preferred routes by journey time, and running distance is the shortest to take second place.The notification means of breakdown lorry comprises number of ways reception and registration such as phone, note, intelligent vehicle mounted terminal.If road conditions since traffic hazard or wagon flow quantitative change block up greatly seriously, then generate dynamic induction scheme according to the dynamic road condition generation source that just blocks up, the block up traveler of generation source different distance scope of adjusting the distance provides different induction informations, be guided out passerby's rerouting, thereby slow down traffic pressure crowded section of highway.If road conditions do not influence by accident or vehicle flowrate, the decision-making of going on a journey of the normal traffic behavior of estimating of issue then, auxiliary traveler.The means of transport information issue are including, but not limited to trackside changeable message signs, instant Traffic Announcement, SMS, intelligent vehicle-carrying navigation equipment, internet.
Fig. 3 is the Information Monitoring flow graph of basic traffic data.
Wherein, the static data collection is included as numerical map and adds the transport information attribute, and the quasistatic transport information that does not have variation in the certain hour scope.
The dynamic traffic data comprise:
(1) road section traffic volume flow: be often referred to the motor vehicle flow of unit interval by certain road section, major parameter is: equipment, collection period, flow;
(2) track of vehicle information: comprise the fixedly track of vehicle information of the automatic identification of bayonet socket, major parameter is a bayonet socket, and license plate number is through constantly; And the vehicle movement track that returns of GPS equipment that go up to install of Floating Car (normally taxi, or cruiser), major parameter is: vehicle, constantly, position (terrestrial coordinates), direction, car operation state;
(3) traffic accident information: in real time or the traffic accident information that receives from 110 alarm centers of timing acquiring Surveillance center, major parameter is: time of fire alarming, crime address, brief of a case;
(4) parking information: in real time or the parking space information that regularly obtains from the parking lot, major parameter is: the parking lot numbering, obtain or delivery time, current empty wagons figure place, enter the parking lot vehicle number, leave the parking lot vehicle number;
(5) traffic information: obtain from the current road conditions of road user report by modes such as voice, need to report road conditions to quantize, parameter is after quantizing: road, and initial intersection stops intersecting journey time, state;
(6) breakdown lorry information: comprise the type of breakdown lorry, the position.
Then, coordinate-system normalizing device will carry out time normalizing, space normalizing, attribute normalizing to basic traffic data.
Road net traffic state estimation module among the present invention adopts the journey time and the travel speed (being called non-intersection speed) in the highway section that constitutes road network to characterize road net traffic state, take all factors into consideration track of vehicle data, traffic hazard data and traffic flow data and carried out the periodicity estimation, Cycle Length can manually be provided with, and generally gets 5 minutes.The flow process of estimating as shown in Figure 4.For each highway section that constitutes road network, carry out following steps:
1. according to the track of vehicle data, estimate the journey time and the track speed of a motor vehicle in this highway section.Wherein, the journey time in highway section equals the mean value of each vehicle through the journey time in this highway section; The track speed of a motor vehicle in highway section equals the harmonic-mean of each vehicle through the travel speed in this highway section.
2. according to traffic flow data, judge whether the traffic flow data in this this cycle of highway section: if having, then read the traffic flow data in this this cycle of highway section and the estimated flow speed of a motor vehicle of last one-period, the predicted flow rate speed of a motor vehicle, and, estimate the flow speed of a motor vehicle in this highway section according to the traffic flow data in this this cycle of highway section and the estimated flow speed of a motor vehicle of last one-period, the predicted flow rate speed of a motor vehicle.
3. whether judge has the track speed of a motor vehicle in this cycle in this highway section (not every highway section can both calculate the track speed of a motor vehicle in one-period, see whether vehicle has passed through the highway section of estimating in this cycle): if having, then the estimation highway section travel speed according to the estimation track speed of a motor vehicle, the flow speed of a motor vehicle and the last one-period in this cycle calculates the estimation highway section travel speed in this cycle; If do not have, then calculate the estimation highway section travel speed in this cycle with the historical highway section travel speed and the flow speed of a motor vehicle.
4. determine the highway section congestion state according to highway section travel speed and road attribute.
5. calculate road journey time and road travel speed, all Link Travel Time sums of road journey time=every road of composition, road travel speed=link length/road journey time.
6. calculate self-defining path journey time and path travel speed, the path journey time=all form Link Travel Time sum, path travel speed=path/path journey time.
In step 5 and 6, Link Travel Time=road section length/highway section travel speed.
In step 3: if the track speed of a motor vehicle, the flow speed of a motor vehicle, are then got the mean value of estimation highway section travel speed of the track speed of a motor vehicle, the flow speed of a motor vehicle and last one-period all greater than zero as the estimation highway section travel speed in this cycle; If be zero, then get the highway section travel speed value of the estimation highway section travel speed value of one-period for this cycle; Otherwise, got the mean value of non-vanishing person and the estimation travel speed value of last one-period among both and estimate highway section travel speed value for this cycle.
The Various types of data source that the road net traffic state prediction module arrives according to synthetical collection and the historical data of long-term accumulation, adopt the traffic behavior of exponential smoothing prediction road network short-term or long-term road, major parameter has: highway section travel speed, Link Travel Time, path travel speed, path journey time.With the highway section travel speed is the Forecasting Methodology of example explanation traffic behavior: (1) short-term traffic behavior, suppose that the estimation highway section travel speed in t cycle is V
t, V '
tBe the t cycle highway section travel speed of t-1 period forecasting, then the t+1 cycle highway section travel speed V ' of t period forecasting
T+1=λ V
t+ (1-λ) V '
t, wherein the λ value 0.6, at first predetermined period, V '
1=V
1(2) long-term road traffic state is meant that the time period of prediction surpassed the traffic behavior an of predetermined period, and is far away more apart from the current time, irrelevant more with current estimation road net traffic state, adopts the doubling exponential attenuation method to calculate.If suppose that the estimation highway section travel speed in t cycle is V
t, the time period to be predicted is at m cycle (m＞t+1), with the m cycle at the historical average highway section of same period travel speed be
The highway section travel speed predicted value in predicted time Duan Zaidi m cycle then:
The Forecasting Methodology of the flow speed of a motor vehicle, Link Travel Time, path travel speed, path journey time is similar:
If the period m that will predict is the back one-period of current period t, then according to U '
m=λ U
t+ (1-λ) U '
t, the flow speed of a motor vehicle U ' of the period m of calculating current period t prediction
m, U wherein
tBe the estimated flow speed of a motor vehicle of current period t, U '
tBe the flow speed of a motor vehicle of the cycle t of cycle t-1 prediction, λ value 0.6, U '
1=U
1If the period m that will predict is the cycle after back one-period of current period t, then basis
Calculate the flow speed of a motor vehicle U ' of the period m of current period t prediction
m, U wherein
tBe the estimated flow speed of a motor vehicle of current period t,
For with the historical average link flow speed of a motor vehicle of period m in the same period;
If the period m that will predict is the back one-period of current period t, then according to τ '
m=λ τ
t+ (1-λ) τ '
t, the Link Travel Time τ ' of the period m of calculating current period t prediction
m, τ wherein
tBe the estimation Link Travel Time of current period t, τ '
tBe the Link Travel Time of the cycle t of cycle t-1 prediction, λ value 0.6, τ '
1=τ
1If the period m that will predict is the cycle after back one-period of current period t, then basis
Calculate the Link Travel Time τ ' of the period m of current period t prediction
m, τ wherein
tBe the estimation Link Travel Time of current period t,
For with the historical average Link Travel Time of period m in the same period;
If the period m that will predict is the back one-period of current period t, then according to μ '
m=λ μ
t+ (1-λ) μ '
t, the path travel speed μ ' of the period m of calculating current period t prediction
m, μ wherein
tBe the estimated path travel speed of current period t, μ '
tBe the path travel speed of the cycle t of cycle t-1 prediction, λ value 0.6, μ '
1=μ
1If the period m that will predict is the cycle after back one-period of current period t, then basis
Calculate the path travel speed μ ' of the period m of current period t prediction
m, μ wherein
tBe the estimated path travel speed of current period t,
For with the historical average path travel speed of period m in the same period;
If the period m that will predict is the back one-period of current period t, then according to T '
m=λ T
t+ (1-λ) T '
t, the path journey time T ' of the period m of calculating current period t prediction
m, T wherein
tBe the estimated path journey time of current period t, T '
tBe the path journey time of the cycle t of cycle t-1 prediction, λ value 0.6, T '
1=T
1If the period m that will predict is the cycle after back one-period of current period t, then basis
Calculate the path journey time T ' of the period m of current period t prediction
m, T wherein
tBe the estimated path journey time of current period t,
For with the historical average path journey time of period m in the same period.
Road network service efficiency evaluation module estimates according to the original traffic data that collects, road net traffic state and prediction result is assessed the operation service efficiency of road network, and evaluation index has: crossing/link flow space-time statistical study, road network average stroke time, crowded section of highway, congested area, crowded period etc.The space-time statistical study of flow is the statistical study to original traffic flow data, adopt various charts such as various histograms, Line Chart to show original traffic data, carry out the magnitude of traffic flow comparative analysis in the different moment of same place or the magnitude of traffic flow comparative analysis of same period different location, assay value comprises magnitude of traffic flow mean value, maximal value, minimum value and variance etc. are analyzed the period and are analyzed the place by manual entry.The road network average stroke time is made up of in the average stroke time of assessment period each highway section of forming road network, and the assessment period is by manual entry.Crowded section of highway carries out the rank analysis to the crowded section of highway in the assessment period, lists the information of all crowded section of highway according to the travel speed in highway section, and shows on electronic chart, and the judgment criteria of crowded section of highway can adopt default value, also can manual entry.Congested area is in the zone of congestion state for a long time, continuous crowded section of highway can be divided in same congested area, also can delimit congested area artificially by show the information of all crowded section of highway on electronic chart.The crowded period refers to that whole road network in a day is in the period of most of congestion state, and the size of what and congested area of length that can be by the road network average stroke time, crowded section of highway judge that decision threshold is by manual entry.
The flow process that accident is reported to the police automatically as shown in Figure 5.Accident is reported to the police automatically and is meant do not having acquisition manually to report under the prerequisite of accident, traffic according to road network same position or zone is carried out the periodicity comparison with historical in the past traffic, if highway section travel speed or vehicle flowrate have great variety, surpass certain threshold value, but differentiation takes place for accident is arranged, and will alarm to the commander.This cycle be the cycle estimator in the road net traffic state estimation module positive integer doubly, and " preceding some cycles " among Fig. 5 can be preceding 3 cycles.The commander has accident to take place by the artificial affirmation of means such as voice, video really, again according to location, place where the accident occurred, the order of severity and road net traffic state, assesses the possible scope of blocking up, and carries out the information issue.In the present invention, accident generally is meant collision, rollover of vehicle etc., but also can comprise such as causing situations such as the intensive cinema's end of a performance of wagon flow, market sales promotion.
When taken place serious traffic hazard (such as have some casualties, many cars bump against or vehicle trouble) time, need promptly send breakdown lorry.Because the spot is at random, it is crucial how finding the breakdown lorry that can arrive the spot fast fast, the vehicle that nearest vehicle is not necessarily the fastest.The breakdown lorry scheduling strategy that the present invention proposes is taken all factors into consideration accident pattern and type of vehicle, finds a plurality of coupling breakdown lorrys in conjunction with dynamic road condition and breakdown lorry track, and the object matching degree ordering according to breakdown lorry begins scheduling from the Optimum Matching vehicle.The scheduling strategy product process of breakdown lorry as shown in Figure 6.Object matching degree and breakdown lorry type, breakdown lorry distance, breakdown lorry journey time are relevant.Object matching degree P=α C+ β/T
n+ γ/L
n, wherein: C is a breakdown lorry type matching degree, the function type of expression breakdown lorry and the correlation degree of accident pattern.The function type of breakdown lorry can be divided into basic function type and alternative functions type.Basic function type as the water barrow is the road cleaning, and the alternative functions type can be provides the water source.On fire for overturning when accident pattern, when needing the water fire extinguishing, the water barrow also is one of possible breakdown lorry.C gets the value between 0～1, in the basic information management module, preestablish, the alternative functions type of breakdown lorry is related with accident pattern big more, value is big more, and when the function type of breakdown lorry and accident pattern fitted like a glove, C was 1, misfit then is 0, for example fire truck is 1 to the matching degree of the accident on fire of overturning, and the water barrow is 0.3 to the matching degree of the accident on fire of overturning, and ambulance is 0 to the matching degree of the accident on fire of overturning; Tn is that this breakdown lorry is pressed by short and long ranking in the path journey time tabulation of spot at all breakdown lorrys to the path journey time of spot; L
nFor this breakdown lorry to the distance of spot all breakdown lorrys to the spot apart from tabulation in by from the close-by examples to those far off ranking; α, β, γ are weight, and value is between 0～1, and alpha+beta+γ=1, can be according to the actual conditions adjustment, as: when the rescue strategy is that the time is the shortest when preferential, α value 0, β value 1, γ value 0; When the rescue strategy is that road is the shortest when preferential, α value 0, β value 0, γ value 1; When the rescue strategy is type matching when preferential, α value 1, β value 0, γ value 0.
According to the road net traffic state evaluator estimate, the result of prediction, assessment, and the possible scope of blocking up of manually confirming manual evaluation behind the warning message judges whether to take place seriously to block up.Such as, when being lower than 5 kilometers/hour or stroke delay time at stop, the continuous 1 kilometer highway section travel speed of main line road is higher than daily journey time more than three times the time, and be judged as generation and seriously block up.At this moment, the induction scheme generation module of road net traffic state publisher server will generate induction scheme.The product process of induction scheme as shown in Figure 7.
If induce a place ahead not have traffic hazard, calculating is from inducing a little to the main path of point of destination and the journey time T1 and the T2 of feasible path, judge according to the path journey time whether main path and feasible path crowd, when if main path and feasible path all block up, show main path and the current traffic behavior of feasible path, when if the feasible path traffic is unobstructed, can adopt the user equilibrium principle, the traffic behavior of prediction main path and feasible path behind the demonstration traffic behavior that changes main path under the situation of certain reaction rate makes the magnitude of traffic flow of main path and feasible path reach balanced.Specific practice is the traffic behavior of inducing according to the journey time upgrade or downgrade path of main path and feasible path, can pass through path journey time calculating path travel speed, be one grade according to the path travel speed with 10 kilometers/hour traffic behavior is divided into 10 grades.For example if the travel speed of main path is 20 kilometre per hours, the travel speed in optional highway section is 60 kilometre per hours, for traffic flow is induced to feasible path from main path, the induction state of main path can be downgraded to 10 kilometers/hour, see the volume of traffic of selecting road reaction rate prediction main path and feasible path of degradation behind the induction information according to the driver then, again predict the travel speed of main path and feasible path according to the volume of traffic of prediction, if recording feasible path in advance can take place congested and main path can be unimpeded, then one-level is fallen in the main path induction state and feasible path rises one-level, again again according to reaction rate distribute traffic flow, reach balanced until the magnitude of traffic flow of two paths.The information that shows be road network when balanced induction state after the main path upgrade or downgrade and the traffic behavior of feasible path after heavily distributing.The Forecasting Methodology of the travel speed of main path and feasible path is as follows: calculate volume of traffic Q1 and Q2 according to the current highway section travel speed of main path and feasible path and the flow-length velocity relation in path, main path volume of traffic Q1 '=Q1* (1-R) that then records in advance according to reaction rate R and volume of traffic Q2 '=Q2+Q1*R of feasible path can calculate the travel speed V1 ' of main path and the travel speed V2 ' of feasible path according to the flow-length velocity relation in path and Q1 ' and Q2 '.The road network equilibrium model can be divided into system equalization and user equilibrium.When the prognosis traffic volume of two paths differs when being no more than 5%, can think that the assignment of traffic of two paths has reached system equalization; When the travel speed of two paths differs when being no more than 5%, can think that the assignment of traffic of two paths has reached user equilibrium.
Main path and feasible path for manual entry in advance from inducing a little to the path of point of destination, form by a plurality of highway sections.Flow-the length velocity relation in path is Q=aV
2+ bV+c, wherein a, b, c can adopt least square method to carry out match by the data on flows and the estimation travel speed of history.Reaction rate is that traveler is received and induced the probability that changes the trip path after the transport information, can the use experience value, or obtain by user investigation.Use the initial stage in system, the driver is lower to the degree of belief of the transport information of issue, sees that the probability that changes the path behind the induction information is also lower, and reaction rate can be made as 0.3.After system's long-time running, the driver can depend on transport information, sees that the probability of selecting to change the path behind the induction information can raise, and this moment, reaction rate can be made as 0.7.
If induce a place ahead that traffic hazard has taken place, then read the information such as position, type, influence time and scope of accident, estimate and the Link Travel Time of prediction is calculated through achieve the goal a little main path journey time T3 of accident point according to the road net traffic state evaluator, to be subjected to the highway section of accident impact to be made as the highway section of impassability again, search the replacement path that can not achieve the goal a little and the journey time T4 that replaces the path by these highway sections.If the journey time T3 that achieves the goal a little by accident point is still short than the path journey time T4 that achieves the goal a little by the replacement path, then only show the journey time T3 after accident information and the early warning accident, otherwise show the replacement path of accident information and suggestion and arrive the journey time T4 of point of destination.
The unusual transport information that the induction scheme generation module generates comprises the journey time and the travel speed of accident information, the possible scope of blocking up, main path and feasible path.
When not taking place seriously to block up, the normality information generating module is directly obtained the journey time and the travel speed in path from the estimated result of road net traffic state evaluator, generates the normality transport information.
Normality transport information and unusual transport information all are published to trackside changeable message signs, instant Traffic Announcement, SMS, intelligent vehicle-carrying navigation equipment, internet by information issue adapter.Information issue adapter provides the interface of road net traffic state publisher server and above-mentioned release vehicle.
Fig. 8 is a system applies physics deployment example of the present invention.Use the user to be traffic police command centre, from public security 110 alarm and command systems, Intelligent license-plate of vehicle recognition system, traffic signal control system, taxi operation management system, obtain the dynamic traffic data respectively, handle business service functions such as the realization accident is reported to the police automatically, emergency relief vehicle scheduling and dynamic traffic guidance in traffic police command centre.
Obviously, in the above teachings, may carry out multiple correction and modification, and within the scope of the appended claims, the present invention can be embodied as the specifically described mode that is different to the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. the intelligent traffic dispatching based on multidate information is commanded and information service method, may further comprise the steps:
(1-1) gather the basic traffic data that is positioned at a plurality of data sources, described basic traffic data comprises that the static traffic data reach the dynamic traffic data from a plurality of infosystems;
(1-2) generation time of the described basic traffic data that collects is resolved, adopting unified clock is reference point, generate year, month, day, hour, min, second relative coordinate; The locus that described dynamic traffic data produce is resolved, and adopting unified geographical space coordinate is reference system, generates city, area under one's jurisdiction, road, highway section, crossing relative coordinate; Traffic attribute to described dynamic traffic data description is resolved, and generate to block, crowded, unimpeded, fast, slow phase is to attribute;
(1-3) based on the described basic traffic data of handling through step (1-2), periodically the traffic behavior of whole road network is estimated and predicted with the period 1;
(1-4) periodically to compare second round by the road net traffic state estimated result of step (1-3) gained and the historical data of long-term accumulation, exceed certain threshold value, differentiation takes place for accident is arranged, and sends alarm to the commander, described second round be the described period 1 positive integer doubly; Through after manually examining, alarm is removed or confirmed;
(1-5) the confirmed described alarm of response need to judge whether the vehicle rescue: if then generate the breakdown lorry scheduling scheme;
(1-6) respond the confirmed described alarm and the road net traffic state of estimation and prediction, judge whether seriously to block up: if, then generate induction scheme, generate and issue unusual transport information then; If not, then generate and issue the normality transport information.
2. intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service method based on multidate information according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described dynamic traffic data comprise track of vehicle data, traffic hazard data, traffic flow data, breakdown lorry information, and described breakdown lorry information comprises breakdown lorry type and position.
3. intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service method based on multidate information according to claim 2 is characterized in that the step of described estimation road net traffic state may further comprise the steps:
(3-1) determine current highway section;
(3-2) according to described track of vehicle data, estimate the journey time and the track speed of a motor vehicle in described current this cycle of highway section;
(3-3) judge whether the traffic flow data in described current this cycle of highway section: if, then read the estimated flow speed of a motor vehicle, the predicted flow rate speed of a motor vehicle of described traffic flow data and last one-period, and, estimate the flow speed of a motor vehicle in described current this cycle of highway section according to described traffic flow data, the estimated flow speed of a motor vehicle, the predicted flow rate speed of a motor vehicle;
(3-4) judge whether the track speed of a motor vehicle in described current this cycle of highway section: if then, calculate the estimation highway section travel speed in this cycle according to the estimation highway section travel speed of the estimation track speed of a motor vehicle, the flow speed of a motor vehicle and the last one-period in this cycle; If do not have, then calculate the estimation highway section travel speed in this cycle with the historical highway section travel speed and the flow speed of a motor vehicle;
(3-5) judge whether to finish the calculating in all highway sections: if then enter (3-6); If not, then redirect (3-1);
(3-6) calculate self-defining path journey time and path travel speed.
4. intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service method based on multidate information according to claim 3 is characterized in that the step of described prediction road net traffic state comprises the step of following prediction highway section travel speed:
(4-1) if the period m that will predict is the back one-period of current period t, then according to V '
m=λ V
t+ (1-λ) V '
t, the highway section travel speed V ' of the period m of calculating current period t prediction
m, V wherein
1Be the estimation highway section travel speed of current period t, V '
tBe the highway section travel speed of the cycle t of cycle t-1 prediction, λ value 0.6, V '
1=V
1
(4-2) if the period m that will predict is the cycle after back one-period of current period t, then basis
Calculate the highway section travel speed V ' of the period m of current period t prediction
m, V wherein
tBe the estimation highway section travel speed of current period t,
For with period m at the historical average highway section of same period travel speed.
5. intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service method based on multidate information according to claim 3 is characterized in that the step of described prediction road net traffic state comprises the step of the following predicted flow rate speed of a motor vehicle:
(5-1) if the period m that will predict is the back one-period of current period t, then according to U '
m=λ U
t+ (1-λ) U '
t, the flow speed of a motor vehicle U of the period m of calculating current period t prediction
m, U wherein
tBe the estimated flow speed of a motor vehicle of current period t, U '
tBe the flow speed of a motor vehicle of the cycle t of cycle t-1 prediction, λ value 0.6, U '
1=U
1
(5-2) if the period m that will predict is the cycle after back one-period of current period t, then basis
Calculate the flow speed of a motor vehicle U ' of the period m of current period t prediction
m, U wherein
tBe the estimated flow speed of a motor vehicle of current period t,
For with the historical average link flow speed of a motor vehicle of period m in the same period.
6. intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service method based on multidate information according to claim 3 is characterized in that the step of described prediction road net traffic state comprises the step of following prediction Link Travel Time:
(6-1) if the period m that will predict is the back one-period of current period t, then according to τ '
m=λ τ
t+ (1-λ) τ '
t, the Link Travel Time τ ' of the period m of calculating current period t prediction
m, τ wherein
tBe the estimation Link Travel Time of current period t, τ '
tBe the Link Travel Time of the cycle t of cycle t-1 prediction, λ value 0.6, τ '
1=τ ' τ
1
(6-2) if the period m that will predict is the cycle after back one-period of current period t, then basis
Calculate the Link Travel Time τ ' of the period m of current period t prediction
m, τ wherein
tBe the estimation Link Travel Time of current period t,
For with the historical average Link Travel Time of period m in the same period.
7. intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service method based on multidate information according to claim 3 is characterized in that the step of described prediction road net traffic state comprises the step of following predicted path travel speed:
(7-1) if the period m that will predict is the back one-period of current period t, then according to μ '
m=λ μ
t+ (1-λ) μ '
t, the path travel speed μ ' of the period m of calculating current period t prediction
m, μ wherein
tBe the estimated path travel speed of current period t, μ '
tBe the path travel speed of the cycle t of cycle t-1 prediction, λ value 0.6, μ '
1=μ
1
(7-2) if the period m that will predict is the cycle after back one-period of current period t, then basis
Calculate the path travel speed μ ' of the period m of current period t prediction
m, μ wherein
tBe the estimated path travel speed of current period t,
For with the historical average path travel speed of period m in the same period.
8. intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service method based on multidate information according to claim 3 is characterized in that the step of described prediction road net traffic state comprises the step of following predicted path journey time:
(8-1) if the period m that will predict is the back one-period of current period t, then according to T '
m=λ T
t+ (1-λ) T '
t, the path journey time T ' of the period m of calculating current period t prediction
m, T wherein
tBe the estimated path journey time of current period t, T '
tBe the path journey time of the cycle t of cycle t-1 prediction, λ value 0.6, T '
1=T
1
(8-2) if the period m that will predict is the cycle after back one-period of current period t, then basis
Calculate the path journey time T ' of the period m of current period t prediction
m, T wherein
tBe the estimated path journey time of current period t,
For with the historical average path journey time of period m in the same period.
9. intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service method based on multidate information according to claim 3 is characterized in that described step (1-4) may further comprise the steps:
(9-1) read the estimation highway section travel speed that this cycle reaches preceding some cycles;
(9-2) whether the estimation highway section travel speed of judging described cycle diminishes and decrease surpasses preset value: if then enter (9-3); If not, then withdraw from;
(9-3) obtain the highway section vehicle flowrate that described cycle reaches preceding some cycles;
(9-4) judge whether described highway section vehicle flowrate descends continuously: if then enter (9-5); If not, then withdraw from;
(9-5) differentiation takes place for accident is arranged, and sends alarm to the commander;
(9-6) commander examines described alarm, and described alarm is removed or confirmed.
10. intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service method based on multidate information according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, in the step of described generation breakdown lorry scheduling scheme, object matching degree P ordering according to described breakdown lorry, begin scheduling, described object matching degree P=α C+ β/T from the Optimum Matching vehicle
n+ γ/L
n, wherein C is a breakdown lorry type matching degree, T
nFor this breakdown lorry is pressed by short and long ranking, L in the path journey time tabulation of spot at all breakdown lorrys to the path journey time of spot
nFor this breakdown lorry to the distance of spot all breakdown lorrys to the spot apart from tabulation in by from the close-by examples to those far off ranking, α, β, γ are weight.
11. intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service method based on multidate information according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the step of described generation induction scheme, generate induction scheme according to the dynamic road condition generation source that just blocks up, the block up traveler of generation source different distance scope of adjusting the distance provides different induction informations, is guided out passerby's rerouting.
12. according to each described intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service method in the claim 1 to 11 based on multidate information, it is characterized in that described seriously blocking up is meant that the continuous 1 kilometer highway section travel speed of main line road is lower than 5 kilometers/hour or stroke delay time at stop and is higher than daily journey time more than three times.
13. intelligent traffic dispatching commander and information service system based on a multidate information comprise:
Basis traffic data collection equipment, described basic traffic data are positioned at a plurality of data sources and comprise that the static traffic data reach the dynamic traffic data from a plurality of infosystems;
Coordinate-system normalizing device: the generation time to the described basic traffic data that collects is resolved, and adopting unified clock is reference point, generate year, month, day, hour, min, second relative coordinate; The locus that described dynamic traffic data produce is resolved, and adopting unified geographical space coordinate is reference system, generates city, area under one's jurisdiction, road, highway section, crossing relative coordinate; Traffic attribute to described dynamic traffic data description is resolved, and generate to block, crowded, unimpeded, fast, slow phase is to attribute;
The road net traffic state evaluator, it is based on the dynamic traffic data of handling through described coordinate-system normalizing device, periodically the traffic behavior of whole road network is estimated and is predicted with the period 1;
The accident autoalarm, it is periodically to compare second round by the road net traffic state of described road net traffic state evaluator estimation and the historical data of long-term accumulation, exceed certain threshold value, differentiation takes place for accident is arranged, send alarm to the commander, described second round be the described period 1 positive integer doubly;
Breakdown lorry scheduling strategy maker, the described alarm that its response is confirmed need to judge whether the vehicle rescue: if then generate the breakdown lorry scheduling scheme;
The road net traffic state publisher server, described alarm that its response is confirmed and described road net traffic state evaluator are estimated and prediction result, are judged whether seriously to block up: if, then generate induction scheme, generate and issue unusual transport information then; If not, then generate and issue the normality transport information;
Data storage and switching centre, be used to store the ephemeral data and the historical data of described basic traffic data collection equipment, described coordinate-system normalizing device, described road net traffic state evaluator, described accident autoalarm, described breakdown lorry scheduling strategy maker, the generation of described road net traffic state publisher server, for it provides data, services.
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