CN101899559B - Manufacturing method of high strength bumper for automobile side-door - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of high strength bumper for automobile side-door Download PDFInfo
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- CN101899559B CN101899559B CN2010102501158A CN201010250115A CN101899559B CN 101899559 B CN101899559 B CN 101899559B CN 2010102501158 A CN2010102501158 A CN 2010102501158A CN 201010250115 A CN201010250115 A CN 201010250115A CN 101899559 B CN101899559 B CN 101899559B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a manufacturing method of high strength bumper for automobile side-door, which completes the manufacturing by implementing continuous operations of loading, lifting, feeding, heating, cooling annealing, unloading and shot blasting on steel pipes. The loading in the method is to put specified raw material of product inside a material rack to be arrayed regularly, the lifting means individual loading, causing no impact to heating uniformity, the feeding speed is stable and uniform, the heating is high frequency induction heating which has high utilization efficiency of electric power and applies uniform heating, the heating speed is fast, the oxide layer on the surface of product is small, the deformation degree is small, the appearance of product is smooth and clean, the cooling medium which is water is harmless to human body, and cooling speed of high pressure jet is uniform. The bumper manufactured according to the method of the invention is superior to current products in the aspect of hardness and three mechanical properties, including tensile property, yield behavior and elongation percentage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crash bar, relate in particular to the making method of high strength bumper for automobile side-door.
Background technology
The automobile side-door crash bar is the safety member of the design for the crashproof of car door.Hyundai Motor is more and more paid attention to safety, require front and back door when being subjected to side impact, distortion or crumple degree can be dropped to minimum, it is minimum that thereby the interior member of assurance car has certain safe space that injured degree is dropped to, and guarantee that the passenger can in time open car door condition out of danger.To the service requirements of automobile side-door crash bar is the surging force that can resist effectively when suffering accident, so crash bar must possess the good comprehensive mechanical performance that strength and toughness combines.
The manufacture craft of automobile side-door crash bar mainly is thermal treatment.Thermal treatment is one of important process in the machinofacture, compare with other complete processings, thermal treatment does not generally change the shape and the whole chemical ingredients of workpiece, but by changing the microstructure of workpiece inside, or change the chemical ingredients of workpiece surface, give or improve the use properties (strength and toughness combines) of crash bar.Be characterized in improving the inner quality of workpiece, and this generally not to be naked eyes can see.
The thermal treatment process that the automobile side-door crash bar is made generally comprises heating, insulation, three processes of cooling, has only two processes of heating and cooling sometimes.These processes overlap, and can not be interrupted.
Heating is one of heat treated important procedure.Type of heating is a lot, is the earliest to adopt charcoal and coal as thermal source, and then using liquid and geseous fuel.The application of electricity makes heating be easy to control and non-environmental-pollution.Utilize these thermals source can direct heating, also can pass through fused salt or metal, so that the particle that floats carries out indirect heating.During METAL HEATING PROCESS, workpiece contacts with air, and oxidation, decarburization (being that the steel-iron components carbon contents reduces) usually take place, this for thermal treatment after the surface property of part very adverse influence is arranged.Thereby metal usually should be in controlled atmosphere or protective atmosphere, in the melting salt and heat in the vacuum, also available coating or Packaging Method, kerosene, methyl alcohol, acetone, ammonia etc. are protected heating.Heating temperature is one of important technical parameter of thermal treatment process, selects and the control Heating temperature, and be the subject matter that guarantees thermal treatment quality.Heating temperature is different and different with heat treated purpose with processed metallic substance, but generally all is to be heated to more than the transformation temperature, to obtain high temperature microstructure.Changing in addition needs the regular hour, therefore when the metal works surface meets the requirements of Heating temperature, also must keep certain hour in this temperature, makes the internal and external temperature unanimity, and microstructure is changed fully, is called soaking time during this period of time.Soaking time is generally decided according to raw-material thickness, prolongs soaking time with the increase of thickness, does not roughly wait in from 10 to 60 minutes, and when adopting high-energy-density heating and surface heat processing, rate of heating is exceedingly fast, and does not generally just have soaking time.
Cooling also is an indispensable step in the heat treatment process, and method of cooling mainly is a controlled chilling speed because of technology is different.General annealed speed of cooling is the slowest, and the speed of cooling of normalizing is very fast, and the speed of cooling of quenching is faster.But go back invar kind difference and different requirements is arranged, for example empty hard steel just can quench with the same speed of cooling of normalizing.
The flow process of at present traditional automobile side-door crash bar manufacture craft is: shove charge → heat → come out of the stove, cool off → clean → tempering → alignment → ball blast.Its shortcoming is as follows: (a) shove charge is for manually carrying out shove charge with unit clamp, and efficient is low, and misaligned, the homogeneity of influence heating; (b) be heated to be the resistance wire heating, Heating temperature is about 900 ± 15 ℃, and utilization rate of electrical low (utilization ratio 30-40%) and be heated inhomogeneous (heart portion and outside temperature difference 30-50 ℃) directly influence the product comprehensive mechanical performance; (c) the heat tracing time long, product surface easily forms zone of oxidation (thickness 0.1-0.3mm), and deflection big (sinuousness 5-30mm); Carry out the atmosphere protection incomplete combustion with methyl alcohol and acetone when (d) heating and easily produce harmful gas; The heat-eliminating medium that uses when (e) cooling off is buck, and danger is greatly very easily corroded, and buck splashes easily when the pyritous product is put into cooling; Speed of cooling is inhomogeneous when (f) adopting the tank cooling, and the different sites speed of cooling of same product is also inconsistent: the bottom is fast, and top is slow; When (g) cleaning owing to be that soaking and washing can't be removed remaining alkali lye fully; (h) easily produce surface indentation, scuffing etc. during alignment, influence product appearance.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned deficiency at existing automobile side-door crash bar manufacture craft, the applicant improves through research, the making method of another kind of high strength bumper for automobile side-door is provided, and it improves utilization rate of electrical by the high-frequency induction heating mode, and improves the comprehensive mechanical performance of product; The inventive method also provides corresponding optimal heat processing parameter.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of making method of high strength bumper for automobile side-door is finished manufacture craft to steel pipe by working continuously of material loading → liftout → feeding → heating → cooling → tempering → discharging → ball blast, and concrete steps are:
A. material loading: the specified raw material of product steel pipe is delivered to marshalling in the bin through pneumatic shuttle and hydraulic efficiency plant with rotation mode;
B. liftout: by pneumatic shuttle and hydraulic efficiency plant chain is sent in single steel pipe ejection and compressed transmission mechanism;
C. feeding: single steel pipe by chain compress transmission mechanism at the uniform velocity stepping deliver in the high frequency induction heater;
D. heating: steel pipe carries out high-frequency induction heating in high-frequency inductor;
E. cooling: adopt the high pressure spraying device to cool off to steel pipe high pressure spraying water coolant;
F. tempering: cooled steel pipe compresses transmission mechanism through chain and sends into the time-delay of tempering haybox cooking with step-by-step system;
G. discharging: steel pipe is discharged with rotation mode through pneumatic shuttle and hydraulic efficiency plant;
H. ball blast: with the rotation of electric motor impeller body,, bullet is thrown to the surface of steel pipe, make the surface of steel pipe reach certain slightly degree of making and change the stress of steel pipe by action of centrifugal force.
Its further technical scheme is:
The TL1327 colddrawing seamless pipe that described steel pipe adopts.
Speed of rotation when described pneumatic shuttle and hydraulic efficiency plant material loading is 400 ± 30R/M, and the speed of rotation when discharging is discharged is 100R/M, and the air pressure in the pneumatic shuttle is 0.4~0.6Mp.
Speed when described chain compresses the transmission mechanism feeding is 2.6 ± 0.5M/M.
Output rating when described high-frequency inductor heats is 240 ± 5KW, and the output rating during tempering is 20 ± 5KW.
Cooling water flow during described cooling pipe is 400 ± 50L/M, and coolant water temperature is room temperature~60 ℃.
The employing temperature is 0~39 ℃ a distilled water cooling heating installation in full technological process.
Useful technique effect of the present invention is:
Crash bar manufacture craft of the present invention is compared as follows with original automobile side-door crash bar manufacture craft:
Process aspect: a) save electric energy more than 65%; B) reduce artificial 4 people/classes; C) saved production cost for 30% (not comprising electric energy); D) greatly improve Working environment and minimizing environmental pollution.
Product aspect: a) improve the product comprehensive mechanical performance; B) reduce the product deflection; C) reduce the product surface zone of oxidation; D) improve product percent of pass.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the FB(flow block) of the inventive method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is specifically described by embodiment.
At first, the starting material steel pipe is tested, carry out fracture, chamfered after the assay was approved, enter processing step of the present invention as shown in Figure 1 then by ordinary method.In the present embodiment, the TL1327 colddrawing seamless pipe that steel pipe adopts.It should be noted that the inventive method also can be applicable to the manufacture craft of other model starting material steel pipes, can not think that above-mentioned steel pipe model is as qualification.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention finishes manufacture craft to passing through pretreated steel pipes such as fracture, chamfering by working continuously of material loading → liftout → feeding → heating → cooling → tempering → discharging → ball blast, and concrete steps are:
A. material loading: the specified raw material of product steel pipe is delivered to marshalling in the bin through pneumatic shuttle and hydraulic efficiency plant with rotation mode, compare with artificial material loading, efficient improves greatly.Speed of rotation when described pneumatic shuttle and hydraulic efficiency plant material loading is 400 ± 30R/M.Air pressure in the described pneumatic shuttle is 0.4~0.6Mp, down together.
B. liftout: by pneumatic shuttle and hydraulic efficiency plant chain is sent in single steel pipe ejection and compressed transmission mechanism.Liftout is single material loading, and the homogeneity that heats is had no effect.
C. feeding: single steel pipe by chain compress transmission mechanism at the uniform velocity stepping deliver in the high frequency induction heater speed of feed stable and uniform.Speed when described chain compresses the transmission mechanism feeding is 2.6 ± 0.5M/M.
D. heating: steel pipe carries out high-frequency induction heating in high-frequency inductor.Actual temperature of the present invention is seldom measured, but controls Heating temperature by regulating output rating, and the output rating the during heating of high-frequency inductor described in the present embodiment is 240 ± 5KW, sets by computer.Adopt high-frequency induction heating, utilization of power efficient height (utilising efficiency is more than 90%), and be heated evenly; Rate of heating is fast, product surface zone of oxidation little (thickness 0.02-0.05mm); Feeding is stressed evenly during heating, and deflection is little, and (sinuousness≤0.5mm), therefore linearity can save alignment procedure less than 0.5mm (standard needs alignment less than 1.0mm), and product appearance is bright and clean.
So-called high-frequency induction heating refers generally to the frequency of frequency more than 500K.High-frequency induction is to produce the alternating magnetic field of inducting by the high frequency exchange current, produces the eddy current of inducting in the metal in alternating magnetic field, and metal is heating voluntarily under eddy effect.The loop line produces induced current in alternating magnetic field, when inducing conductor--when flowing through exchange current in the inductor block, around it, will produce the alternating magnetic field of same frequency.Workpiece in the inductor block can seen the loop line of being made up of the metal ring of numerous different diameter, thereby produces identical with the inductor block frequency in workpiece and induced current that direction is opposite is referred to as eddy current.When shape, size and the relative position of inductor block and workpiece fixedly the time, the size of eddy current is directly proportional with electric current and frequency in the inductor block.Eddy current heats workpiece because of the resistance of workpiece converts heat energy (being called eddy-current heating) to.When exchange current passed through conductor, current density was uneven along the distribution of cross-sectional area of conductor, conductive surface current density maximum, center current density minimum.The frequency of exchange current is higher, and this phenomenon just more obviously, is referred to as surface action.
High-frequency induction heating has lot of advantages, as: 1) workpiece be need not whole heating, can carry out local heating selectively, thereby power consumption is few, workpiece deformation is little.2) rate of heating is fast, can make workpiece reach temperature required in the extremely short time, even in 1 second.Thereby make the surface oxidation of workpiece and decarburization all lighter, most of workpiece all need not gas shield.3) can surperficial quench-hardened case be regulated and control as required by the operating frequency and the power of adjustment equipment.Thereby make the martensitic stucture of quench-hardened case thinner, hardness, intensity and toughness are all than higher.4) workpiece after induction heating mode thermal treatment has thicker toughness zone under the surperficial hard formation, have and compress internal stress preferably, makes the antifatigue of workpiece and disrumpent feelings ability all higher.5) heating installation is convenient to be installed on the production line, is easy to realize mechanize and automatization, is convenient to management, can reduce transportation effectively, saves manpower, enhances productivity.6) a tractor serves several purposes.Can finish quenching, annealing, tempering, normalizing, thermal treatment process such as modified, can finish again that welding, melting, hot charging are joined, heat is dismantled and work such as diathermanous shaping.7) easy to use, simple to operate, can open at any time or stop.And need not preheating.8) get final product manual operation, also can semi-automatic and unattended operation; Can connect the work of continuing for a long time, also can instantly stop to use at random.Help the use of equipment in the power supply low ebb electricity price introductory period.9) utilization rate of electrical height, environmental protection and energy saving, safe and reliable, good operation conditions.
E. cooling: adopt the high pressure spraying device to cool off to steel pipe high pressure spraying water coolant.Cooling water flow is 400 ± 50L/M, and coolant water temperature is room temperature~60 ℃.The high pressure spraying cooling is compared with the tank cooling, and speed of cooling is more even; Heat-eliminating medium is water, and is harmless, therefore can save cleaning step.
F. tempering: cooled steel pipe compresses transmission mechanism through chain and sends into the time-delay of tempering haybox cooking with step-by-step system.The same with heating, control tempering temperature by regulating tempering power herein, the output rating the during tempering of high-frequency inductor described in the present embodiment is 20 ± 5KW, sets by computer, observed temperature about 250 belongs to low-temperaturetempering.
G. discharging: steel pipe is discharged with rotation mode through pneumatic shuttle and hydraulic efficiency plant.Speed of rotation when described pneumatic shuttle and hydraulic efficiency plant discharging are discharged is 100R/M.
H. ball blast (or oiling): with the rotation of electric motor impeller body,, bullet is thrown to the surface of steel pipe, make the surface of steel pipe reach certain slightly degree of making and change the stress of steel pipe by action of centrifugal force.
In addition, the present invention's employing temperature in full technological process is 0~39 ℃ a distilled water cooling heating installation.
Prove technique effect of the present invention below by simultaneous test.Table 1 is the processing parameter performance table of crash bar of the present invention, and table 2 is manufacture craft performance parameters tables of existing automobile side-door crash bar.
Now respectively the crash bar of the Ф 31.8 * 2.0, the Ф 31.8 * 2.2 that adopt the inventive method to make and adopt existing method to make, Ф 31.8 * 1.8, Ф 28.6 * 2.0 each four kinds of specification is tested, test event is hardness and tension, surrender, extend this three mechanical propertys.Wherein hardness test equipment adopts Rockwell hardometer, the requirement of test condition conformance with standard; Measuring mechanical property equipment adopts universal testing machine, and test condition meets standard GB/T228-2008.Concrete test result sees Table 1, table 2.
The processing parameter performance table of table 1 crash bar of the present invention
The manufacture craft performance parameters table of the existing automobile side-door crash bar of table 2
Contrast table 1, table 2 as can be known, the crash bar that adopts Ф 31.8 * 2.0, Ф 31.8 * 2.2 that the inventive method makes, Ф 31.8 * 1.8, Ф 28.6 * 2.0 these four kinds of specifications in hardness and tension, surrender, extend the existing automobile side-door crash bar that all is better than same size on these three mechanicalnesses.
Above-described only is preferred implementation of the present invention, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment.Be appreciated that those skilled in the art under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit of the present invention and design, can make other improvement and variation.
Claims (6)
1. the making method of a high strength bumper for automobile side-door, it is characterized in that: steel pipe is finished manufacture craft by working continuously of material loading → liftout → feeding → heating → cooling → tempering → discharging → ball blast, and concrete steps are:
A. material loading: the specified raw material of product steel pipe is delivered to marshalling in the bin through pneumatic shuttle and hydraulic efficiency plant with rotation mode;
B. liftout: by pneumatic shuttle and hydraulic efficiency plant chain is sent in single steel pipe ejection and compressed transmission mechanism;
C. feeding: single steel pipe by chain compress transmission mechanism at the uniform velocity stepping deliver in the high frequency induction heater;
D. heating: steel pipe carries out high-frequency induction heating in high-frequency inductor;
E. cooling: adopt the high pressure spraying device to cool off to steel pipe high pressure spraying water coolant;
F. tempering: cooled steel pipe compresses transmission mechanism through chain and sends into the time-delay of high-frequency inductor tempering haybox cooking with step-by-step system;
G. discharging: steel pipe is discharged with rotation mode through pneumatic shuttle and hydraulic efficiency plant;
H. ball blast: with the rotation of electric motor impeller body,, bullet is thrown to the surface of steel pipe, make the surface of steel pipe reach certain slightly degree of making and change the stress of steel pipe by action of centrifugal force;
The TL1327 colddrawing seamless pipe that described steel pipe adopts.
2. according to the making method of the described high strength bumper for automobile side-door of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the speed of rotation when described pneumatic shuttle and hydraulic efficiency plant material loading is 400 ± 30R/M, speed of rotation when discharging is discharged is 100R/M, and the air pressure in the pneumatic shuttle is 0.4~0.6Mp.
3. according to the making method of the described high strength bumper for automobile side-door of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the speed when described chain compresses the transmission mechanism feeding is 2.6 ± 0.5M/M.
4. according to the making method of the described high strength bumper for automobile side-door of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the output rating when described high-frequency inductor heats is 240 ± 5KW, and the output rating during tempering is 20 ± 5KW.
5. according to the making method of the described high strength bumper for automobile side-door of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cooling water flow during described cooling pipe is 400 ± 50L/M, and coolant water temperature is room temperature~60 ℃.
6. according to the making method of the described high strength bumper for automobile side-door of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the employing temperature is 0~39 ℃ a distilled water cooling heating installation in full technological process.
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CN2010102501158A CN101899559B (en) | 2010-08-11 | 2010-08-11 | Manufacturing method of high strength bumper for automobile side-door |
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CN2010102501158A CN101899559B (en) | 2010-08-11 | 2010-08-11 | Manufacturing method of high strength bumper for automobile side-door |
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CN101899559B true CN101899559B (en) | 2011-09-28 |
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CN103627952B (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-12-09 | 芜湖普威技研有限公司 | A kind of anti-collision beam of automobile side door steel and complete processing thereof |
KR101858611B1 (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2018-05-17 | 주식회사 새한산업 | Apparatus for manufacturing of impact beam of vehicle |
CN114770037B (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-10-24 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Manufacturing and assembling method of lightweight car door bumper |
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CN101497960B (en) * | 2008-01-28 | 2010-11-24 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High strength anti-collision pipe for automobile and method of manufacturing the same |
CN101260776B (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2010-08-25 | 长安福特马自达汽车有限公司 | Ultra-high tensile steel vehicle door anti-collision joist and method of manufacture |
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