CN101896302A - 用于去屑加工的切削刀片和刀具 - Google Patents
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- B23B27/1607—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped with specially shaped plate-like exchangeable cutting inserts, e.g. chip-breaking groove characterised by having chip-breakers
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种具有平行六面体形状的可转位的铣削刀片(1),该切削刀片(1)包括:安装孔(3),该安装孔(3)居中地位于切削刀片(1)中;第一支撑侧面(ST1)和第二支撑侧面(ST2),所述支撑侧面(ST1,ST2)基本上相互平行且用作交替的支撑侧面(ST1,ST2),切削刀片(1)设置有主切削刃(H1-H8),所述主切削刃(H1-H8)垂直于安装孔(3)的中心轴线(C)定向并且设置成使得切削刀片(1)围绕安装孔(3)的中心轴线(C)的旋转到备选刀座或切削刀片(1)转动到备选刀座提供了主切削刃(H1-H8)相对于待加工零件的相等位置。本发明还涉及一种装备有根据本发明的铣削刀片的铣削刀具。根据本发明的切削刀片(1)包括用于去屑加工的四个相等的侧面(S1-S4)。所述侧面(S1-S4)在平行的支撑侧面(ST1,ST2)之间延伸。每个侧面(S1-S4)确切地具有两个切削刃区域(分别为SEO1,SEO5和SEO2,SEO6以及分别为SEO3,SEO7和SEO4,SEO8)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于去屑加工的切削刀片和刀具,尤其是铣削刀片和铣削刀具。铣削刀片在铣削刀具中是可转位的。铣削刀具为具有90°安装角的端铣刀。
背景技术
之前通过WO 2003/101655和WO 2004/050283中的每一个知道了切向切削刀片以及切削刀具。切削刀片包括四个切削角,切削角分布在用于去屑加工的两个侧面上,即每个侧面具有两个切削角。
WO/0002693显示了具有切向安装的切削刀片的铣削***,其中每个切削刀片具有八个切削角,这八个切削角分布在用于去屑加工的两个侧面上,即每个侧面具有四个切削角。然而,这些切削角中的四个用于顺时针旋转加工,而四个切削角用于逆时针旋转加工。这意味着仅四个切削角能用于一个铣削刀具和相同的铣削刀具,且被动的副切削刃在加工过程中可能被磨损。美国专利No.4597695显示了另一多刃切削刀片。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提供一种用于由引言限定类型的去屑加工的切削刀片和刀具,切削刀片设置有较大数量的切削角,在此情形为八个。
本发明的另一目的是提供在切削角之间具有间隙的切削刀片,使得不起作用的切削角不与起作用的切削角干涉。
本发明的另外目的是所有切削角应都可用于一个和相同的旋转方向。
本发明的主要目的至少通过具有所附独立权利要求所限定特征的切削刀片和刀具来实现。本发明的优选实施例在从属权利要求中限定。
附图说明
下面,参考附图描述本发明的优选实施例,附图中:
图1显示了根据本发明的切削刀片的第一实施例的透视图;
图2显示了根据本发明的切削刀具的侧视图,其装备有根据图1的切削刀片;
图3显示了图2的点划线圆A的放大图;
图4显示了根据图2的切削刀具的平面图;
图5显示了图4的点划线圆B的放大图;
图6显示了根据本发明的切削刀片的第二实施例的透视图;
图7显示了根据本发明图6的切削刀片的端视图;
图8显示了根据本发明图6的切削刀片的平面图;
图9显示了根据本发明的铣削刀具的侧视图,其装备有根据图6的切削刀片;以及
图10显示了图9的点划线圆E的放大图。
具体实施方式
图1显示的用于去屑加工的切削刀片1构成铣削刀片,其为四面的,即其具有四个有效的侧面。切削刀片1具有平行六面体基本形状,且由压制或注射成型硬质合金制成。对于“硬质合金”,这里指的是WC、TiC、TaC、NbC等,与诸如例如Co或Ni的粘结金属的烧结组合。切削刀片1优选至少部分地覆盖有诸如Al2O3、TiN和/或TiCN的层。在某些情形,合理地,切削刃由焊接的超硬材料如CBN或PCD组成。
如图1所示,切削刀片1包括四个侧面S1、S2、S3、S4,其用于去屑加工。在图1中,只有两个侧面S1和S2可见。切削刀片1还具有两个相对的支撑侧面ST1和ST2,这两个相对的支撑侧面ST1和ST2彼此平行。图1只有第一支撑侧面ST1可见。为了将切削刀片1安装在铣削本体的刀座中,切削刀片1设置有安装孔3,安装孔3关于支撑侧面ST1和ST2设置在切削刀片1的中心。安装孔3穿透第一支撑侧面ST1和第二支撑侧面ST2。安装孔3的中心轴线C限定了切削刀片1的轴向方向。
四个侧面S1-S4中的每一个具有两个切削刃区域,且相应地切削刀片1总计具有8个切削刃区域SEO1、SEO2、SEO3、SEO4、SEO5、SEO6、SEO7、SEO8。四个侧面S1-S4中的每一个侧面还具有支撑表面STY1、STY2、STY3、STY4。支撑表面STY1-STY4具有矩形形状,且相邻的支撑表面STY1-STY4互相连接,使得它们形成围绕切削刀片1延伸的“带”。
每个切削刃区域SEO1-SEO8具有主切削刃H1、H2、H3、H4、H5、H6、H7、H8以及副切削刃B1、B2、B3、B4、B5、B6、B7、B8。其中的四个主切削刃H1、H2、H3、H4位于第一支撑侧面ST1附近,而其他四个主切削刃H5、H6、H7、H8位于第二支撑侧面ST2附近。切削刃连接到去屑表面和间隙表面,切削刃区域(例如SEO1)的间隙表面基本上与相邻的切削刃区域SEO6的间隙表面横交地设置。
主切削刃H1-H8和相关的副切削刃B1-B8通过前端切削刃N1、N2、N3、N4、N5、N6、N7、N8连接,第一前端切削刃N1、第二前端切削刃N2、第五前端切削刃N5以及第六前端切削刃N6在图1中示出。
断屑埋头凹槽U1、U2、U3、U4、U5、U6、U7、U8连接到每个主切削刃H1-H8和副切削刃B1-B8,其中的第一凹槽U1、第二凹槽U2、第五凹槽U5和第六凹槽U6在图1中示出。这些凹槽U1-U8关于切削刃为埋头的,且提供切削刃正的刀面角,以便容易地切削待加工工件。
在图2中,示出了根据本发明的铣削刀具10的侧视图,根据本发明的多个铣削刀片1切向地安装在铣削刀具10的铣削本体11的刀座中。对于“切向地安装”,参考了固定螺钉,固定螺钉径向或轴向地拧入刀具本体内,但不是切向地拧入刀具本体内。对于切削刀片,“切向地安装”指的是基本上平行于切削刀片的副切削刃延伸的安装孔。铣削刀片1的支撑侧面(例如ST2)以及两个支撑表面S1和S4与所属的刀座相配合。铣削刀片1通过螺钉锚固到铣削本体11内,螺钉延伸通过相应的铣削刀片1的安装孔3并进入铣削本体11的螺纹孔内。
每一个副切削刃B1-B8设置有主斜切角5,参见图3,其中,副切削B2的主斜切角5被示出,其中,副切削刃B2的主斜切角5可基本上位于图3的纸面中,而相邻的副切削刃的相应的主斜切角与图3的纸面横交地延伸。就此而论,应指出,图3因而显示出在根据图2的铣削刀具中处于其安装状态下的铣削刀片1。这使得在根据图3显示的本发明的切削刀片1的前视图中,紧挨副切削刃B2定位的副切削刃将位于比在图3所示的切削刀片1的位置下的副切削刃B2高的水平上。水平差在图3中通过距离“δ”示出。正常地,距离δ约为0.05mm。用另一方式陈述是,对于所选的切削刃区域SEO2、SEO102的副切削刃B2、B102的假想延伸线L与相邻的另外的副切削刃B7、B107间隔开距离δ,而相邻的另外的副切削刃被包括在背离所选的切削刃区域SEO2的切削刃区域SEO7、SEO107中。这两个切削刃区域可彼此垂直。主切削刃H2和副切削刃B2为起作用切削刃,而相邻的副切削刃由于上述水平差而为不起作用的。图3示出切削刀片1通过90°安装角进行端铣。主切削H2和所属的副切削刃B2处于共同的平面,其中,因此同样副切削刃B2的主斜切角5可定位在该平面中。相应的适用于其他主切削刃和所属的副切削刃。
图4显示了根据本发明的铣削刀具10的平面图。在图5中,示出了图4的放大细节。虚点划曲线D表示了刀具的有效直径,根据本发明的切削刀具在铣削过程中产生该有效直径。由于前端切削刃N1-N8被给予了合适的曲率,切削刃区域SEO1的前端切削刃N1将位于主切削刃H2内侧,如根据图3和图5的视图看到的。主切削刃H2和前端切削刃N1之间的距离在图5中用ε表示。距离ε一般约为0.05mm。
在图5中,还看到,根据本发明的切削刀片1安装在铣削本体11中,使得在切削刀片1和铣削刀具10的有效直径D之间形成楔形间隙W。
在图6-8中,示出了根据本发明的铣削刀片101的可选实施例,该铣削刀片101也具有平行六面体基本形状,具有四个侧面S101、S102、S103、S104,它们用于去屑加工。铣削刀片101还具有两个相对的支撑侧面ST101和ST102,它们相互平行。为了将铣削刀片101安装在铣削本体的刀座中,铣削刀片101设置有安装孔103,该安装孔103关于支撑侧面ST101和ST102位于铣削刀片101的中心。安装孔103穿透第一支撑侧面ST101和第二支撑侧面ST102。安装孔103的中心轴线C限定了铣削刀片101的轴向方向。
铣削刀片101还具有8个切削刃区域SEO101、SEO102、SEO103、SEO104、SEO105、SEO106、SEO107、SEO108,每一个包括主切削刃H101、H102、H103、H104、H105、H106、H107、H108,所属的副切削刃B101、B102、B103、B104、B105、B106、B107、B108以及所属的前端切削刃N101、N102、N103、N104、N105、N106、N107、N108。
与上述实施例相比最明显的差别是形成了彼此成整体的支撑表面和凹槽。例如在图6和7中更清楚地看到的,四个支撑表面STY101、STY102、STY103、STY104在侧表面S101-S104中大致沿对角延伸,支撑表面STY101-STY104也形成属于每一个切削刃区域SEO101-SEO108的凹槽U101、U102、U103、U104、U105、U106、U107、U108的一部分。支撑表面和凹槽彼此成整体的事实的结果是,切削刀片101在轴向方向C1上的延伸小于上述实施例中切削刀片1的。而且,这里还看到,切削刃连接到去屑表面和间隙表面,切削刃区域的间隙表面(例如SEO101)基本上与相邻的切削刃区域SEO106的间隙表面横交地设置。
在图9中,示出了根据本发明的铣削刀具110的侧视图,根据本发明的多个铣削刀片101切向地安装在铣削刀具110的铣削本体111的刀座中。在这方面,铣削刀片101的支撑侧面ST101、ST102和两个支撑表面S101-S104与所属的刀座相配合。铣削刀片101通过螺钉锚固在铣削本体111中,螺钉延伸通过相应的铣削刀片101的安装孔103并进入铣削本体111的螺纹孔中。
相应地,如在上述实施例中的,每一个副切削刃B101-B108设置有主斜切角105(参见图10),其中副切削刃B102的主斜切角105被示出,副切削刃B102的主斜切角105基本上位于图10的纸面中,而相邻的副切削刃的相应的主斜切角与图10的纸面横交地延伸。就此而论,应指出,图10相应地示出在根据图9的铣削刀具中处于其安装状态下的铣削刀片101。这需要,在根据图10所示的本发明的切削刀片1的前视图中,紧邻副切削刃B102设置的副切削刃定位在比在图9所示的切削刀片101的位置下的副切削刃B102高的水平上。水平差在图10中用距离“δ”示出。正常地,该距离δ约为0.05mm。主切削刃H102和副切削刃B102为起作用切削刃,而相邻的副切削刃由于上述的水平差而为不起作用的。图10示出切削刀片1执行90度安装角的端铣。主切削刃H102和所属的副切削刃B102位于共同的平面中。相应的适用于其他主切削刃和所属的副切削刃。
至于图5所示的上述距离ε,铣削刀片101具有对应的距离ε,该距离一般约为0.05mm。
在铣削本体111中铣削刀片101的切向安装中,铣削刀片101获得相应的楔形形状间隙W,与关于图5所描述的一样。
在根据本发明的铣削刀片1、101中,所有8个切削刃区域SEO1-SEO8、SEO101-SEO108都能关于根据本发明的铣削刀具10的一个和相同的旋转方向向前转位。
在上述实施例中,前端切削刃N1-N8提供的距离ε被给予了合适的曲率。但是,在本发明的范围内,可设想,前端切削刃N1-N8提供的距离为斜切角的形式。
在瑞典专利申请No.0702767-5的公开内容在此通过引用并入本文,本申请要求No.0702767-5的优先权。
Claims (10)
1.可转位的铣削刀片(1;101),具有用于切向地安装在铣削本体中的平行六面体基本形状,所述切削刀片(1;101)包括:安装孔(3;103),所述安装孔(3;103)居中地位于所述切削刀片(1;101)内;第一支撑侧面(ST1;ST101)和第二支撑侧面(ST2;ST102),所述支撑侧面(ST1,ST2;ST101,ST102)基本上相互平行且用作交替的支撑侧面(ST1,ST2;ST101,ST102),所述安装孔在所述支撑侧面上开口,所述切削刀片(1;101)设置有主切削刃(H1-H8;H101-H108),所述主切削刃(H1-H8;H101-H108)垂直于所述安装孔(3;103)的中心轴线(C;C1)定向并且设置成使得所述切削刀片(1;101)围绕所述安装孔(3;103)的所述中心轴线(C;C 1)旋转到或所述切削刀片(1;101)转动到可选的刀座提供了所述主切削刃(H1-H8;H101-H108)相对于待加工零件的相等位置,其中所述切削刀片(1;101)包括用于去屑加工的四个相等的侧面(S1-S4;S101-S104),所述侧面(S1-S4;S101-S104)在基本上平行的所述支撑侧面(ST1,ST2;ST101,ST102)之间延伸,并且每个侧面(S1-S4;S101-S104)确切地具有两个切削刃区域(分别为SEO1,SEO5和SEO2,SEO6以及分别为SEO3,SEO7和SEO4,SEO8;分别为SEO101,SEO105和SE1O2,SE1O6以及分别为SE1O3,SE1O7和SE1O4,SE1O8),每个所述切削刃区域还具有副切削刃(B1-B8;B10),其特征在于,对于所选的切削刃区域(SEO2;SEO102),副切削刃(B2;B102)的假想延伸线(L)与相邻的另外的副切削刃(B7;B107)间隔开距离(δ);并且所述相邻的另外的副切削刃被包括在背离所述所选的切削刃区域(SEO2)的切削刃区域(SEO7;SEO107)中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铣削刀片(1;101),其中所述切削刃区域(SEO1-SEO8;SEO101-SEO108)相等,并且每个切削刃区域(SEO1-SEO8;SEO101-SEO108)包括主切削刃(H1-H8;H101-H108)、副切削刃(B1-B8;B101-B108)以及相关的前端切削刃(N1-N8;N101-N108)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的铣削刀片(1;101),其中如从平面图看到的,每个前端切削刃(N1-N8;N101-N108)整体地或部分地由曲率半径限定。
4.根据权利要求2所述的铣削刀片(1;101),其中如从平面图看到的,每个前端切削刃被斜切。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的铣削刀片(1;101),其中每个副切削刃(B1-B8;B101-B108)具有与所属的主切削刃(H1-H8;H101-H108)横交的延伸部。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的铣削刀片(1;101),其中每个副切削刃(B1-B8;B101-B108)具有主斜切角(5;105),并且所述主斜切角(5;105)和所属的主切削刃(H1-H8;H101-H108)基本上位于共同的平面中。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的铣削刀片(1;101),其中每个切削刃区域(SEO1-SEO8;SEO101-SEO108)包括断屑凹槽(U1-U8;U101-U108)。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的铣削刀片(1;101),其中用于去屑加工的每个侧面(S1-S4;S101-S104)具有支撑表面(STY1-STY8;STY101-STY108)。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的铣削刀片(1;101),其中所述切削刃连接到去屑表面和间隙表面,且切削刃区域的间隙表面基本上与相邻的切削刃区域的间隙表面横交地设置。
10.铣削刀具(10;110),包括具有多个刀座的铣削本体(11;111),其特征在于,每个刀座用于容纳根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的铣削刀片(1;101),所述铣削刀片(1;101)切向地安装在所述铣削本体(11;111)中,并且当所述铣削刀具旋转时,副切削刃和主切削刃在投影中彼此形成90°。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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SE0702767-5 | 2007-12-13 | ||
SE0702767A SE531850C2 (sv) | 2007-12-13 | 2007-12-13 | Skär och verktyg för spånavskiljande bearbetning |
PCT/SE2008/051414 WO2009075634A1 (en) | 2007-12-13 | 2008-12-08 | Cutting insert and tool for chip removing machining |
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CN101896302A true CN101896302A (zh) | 2010-11-24 |
CN101896302B CN101896302B (zh) | 2012-06-20 |
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CN200880120849.5A Active CN101896302B (zh) | 2007-12-13 | 2008-12-08 | 用于去屑加工的切削刀片和刀具 |
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US (1) | US7909544B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2229255B1 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101542278B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101896302B (zh) |
SE (1) | SE531850C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2009075634A1 (zh) |
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CN105081379A (zh) * | 2014-05-19 | 2015-11-25 | 山特维克知识产权股份有限公司 | 切削刀具刀片和切削刀具刀片刀夹 |
CN110352108A (zh) * | 2017-04-27 | 2019-10-18 | 硬质金属工具厂保罗霍恩有限公司 | 用于机加工工件的切削刀片和刀具 |
US11278972B2 (en) | 2017-04-27 | 2022-03-22 | Hartmetall-Werkzeugfabrik Paul Hom GmbH | Cutting insert and tool for machining a workpiece |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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SE531850C2 (sv) | 2009-08-25 |
EP2229255A1 (en) | 2010-09-22 |
CN101896302B (zh) | 2012-06-20 |
EP2229255B1 (en) | 2013-03-20 |
SE0702767L (sv) | 2009-06-14 |
KR20100103496A (ko) | 2010-09-27 |
US7909544B2 (en) | 2011-03-22 |
WO2009075634A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
US20090155004A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
EP2229255A4 (en) | 2012-03-07 |
KR101542278B1 (ko) | 2015-08-06 |
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