CN101895159B - Electric motor - Google Patents
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- CN101895159B CN101895159B CN200910138971.1A CN200910138971A CN101895159B CN 101895159 B CN101895159 B CN 101895159B CN 200910138971 A CN200910138971 A CN 200910138971A CN 101895159 B CN101895159 B CN 101895159B
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Abstract
The invention provides an electric motor comprising a stator and a rotor, wherein the rotor forms a plurality of first convex teeth, a first groove is arranged between every two first convex teeth, the stator forms a plurality of ditches, the end part of each ditch is provided with a second groove, a third groove is arranged between every two ditches, and at least one second convex tooth is formed between each second groove and the adjacent third groove. a phase number of the electric motor is P, the total number of the dishes is S, and then, the specific configuration relation is formed among the S, the P, the first convex teeth, the second convex teeth, the first groove, the second groove and the third groove.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is relevant a kind of electric machine, and relating to a kind of stator arrangement especially has armature winding and/or field winding, and stator and mover are provided with the magnetic pass switching electromotor device in double wedge and groove portion.
Background technology
Electric machine comprises motor and generator, and structure all comprises stator and mover haply.The permanent magnet of general permanent magnetic brushless motor is positioned on mover, but magnet also can be positioned on stator, as the Magneticflux-switching type permanent magnet motor disclosed in No. 5672925th, United States Patent (USP).If the motor mover of general low speed takes the design of many magnetic poles to be easier to obtain the characteristic of large torsion, but is limited to the requirement of stator winding and structural strength, number of stator slots and mover number of poles be set with its restriction physically.And the pasting processing and also can throw into question of the mover magnetite of many magnetic poles, therefore No. 4190779th, United States Patent (USP), No. 4695777, No. 4712028 disclose not there is permanent magnet brushless motor to reach the practice of many magnetic poles.And for example No. 4757220th, United States Patent (USP), No. 7064468 disclose permanent magnetic brushless motor to reach the practice of many magnetic poles.Therefore, the how motor framework of the many magnetic poles of efficient generation, industry desire most ardently the problem of solution.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of electric machine, motor or generator can be used in.
For achieving the above object, electric machine provided by the invention mainly comprises a stator 11 and mover 12, mover 12 be formed n equidistant arrangement, towards the first double wedge 121 of stator 11, every two the first groove portions 124, double wedge 121 interval one first.Stator 11 is formed with a plurality of ditch portion 115 towards mover 12, there is the second groove portion 117 in each ditch portion 115 towards the end opens of mover 12, the quantity in ditch portion 115 is S, offer the 3rd groove portion 119 towards mover 12 between every two ditch portions 115, is arranged with the armature winding 13 crossing over ditch portion 115 between the 3rd adjacent groove portion 119.At least one second double wedge 110 is formed between the 3rd groove portion 119 that each second groove portion 117 is adjacent.The width in the second groove portion 117 of stator 11 is e times of the width of the second double wedge 110; 3rd groove portion 119 width of stator 11 is f times of the width of the second double wedge 110; 2t the second double wedge 110 is comprised between every two adjacent the second groove portions 117; The width in the first groove portion 124 of mover 12 is k times of the first double wedge 121 width.Wherein, e, f, m, Q, t, k, n are configuration parameter.Make the number of phases of electric machine be P, then the total quantity S in ditch portion 115 and number of phases P has the first configuration relation; E and f has the second configuration relation; M, P, Q, t, k, e and f have the 3rd configuration relation; N, m, k and Q have the 4th configuration relation.
The present invention has quite excellent performance according to the electric machine that above-mentioned configuration relation proposes, please refer to Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 D, for one of them embodiment of electric machine proposed by the invention, wherein stator is the first raised teeth number n=38 of 3 phase 12 grooves (P=3, Q=2), mover 12.Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 D be mover 12 turn left advance 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree with the situation of 360 degree of electrical angles.As can be seen from Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 D, the summation of the second double wedge 110 of stator 11 and the corresponding convex tooth width W01+W02+W03+W04 overlapped of the first double wedge 121 of mover 12 is when four kinds of electrical angles, almost immobilize, can expect that in the operation process of mover 12, second double wedge 110 of stator 11 is also almost fixed with the summation of the corresponding convex tooth width W01+W02+W03+W04 overlapped of the first double wedge 121 of mover 12 when each electrical angle.For the design of general double salient-pole electric machine device (comprising motor and generator), if the summation of the stator 11 convex tooth width W01+W02+W03+W04 that overlap corresponding to mover 12 amount of variability is in the running large, cogging torque is then large; If the summation amount of variability in the running of the stator 11 convex tooth width W01+W02+W03+W04 that overlap corresponding to mover 12 is little, cogging torque is then little.The summation of the stator 11 of the electric machine proposed by the invention convex tooth width W01+W02+W03+W04 that overlap corresponding to mover 12 almost immobilizes in the running, and therefore cogging torque is extremely low, unlike double salient-pole electric machine have great cogging torque.
Therefore, electric machine provided by the invention, by the adjustment of configuration parameter, easily reach many magnetic poles and there is again low cogging torque, when coordinating auxiliary field winding, can control air gap flux density by the electric current of adjustment field winding, reach the function of weak magnetic or increasing magnetic, pole is suitable for use in the application of direct-driving electric vehicle motor or wind-driven generator etc.
Electric machine of the present invention, by the adjustment of configuration parameter, makes the characteristic easily still when the slow-speed of revolution with high torsion.
Electric machine of the present invention, by the adjustment of configuration parameter, cogging torque is lower, smooth movements.
Electric machine of the present invention, can be used for electro-motor, the motor of especially electric motor car, uses the usefulness promoting electric motor car.
Electric machine of the present invention, can be used for generator, especially wind-driven generator, to promote the usefulness of wind-driven generator.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 is topology organigram, and being the preferred embodiment proposed according to the present invention, is a kind of electric machine.
Fig. 6 A to Fig. 6 C is topology organigram, is the configuration parameter schematic diagram of present pre-ferred embodiments.
Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 D is topology organigram, and be stator 11 and the mover 12 correspondence position relation of electric machine proposed by the invention, wherein mover 12 electrical angle is respectively 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree, 360 degree.
When Fig. 8 A is mover running, the cogging torque that each electrical angle is corresponding with it.
When Fig. 8 B is mover running, the back electromotive force that each electrical angle is corresponding with it.
Primary clustering symbol description in accompanying drawing
Electric machine 9
Stator 11 11
Mover 12 12
First double wedge 121
First groove portion 124
The total quantity n of the first double wedge
Ditch portion 115
Open end 1151
Blind end 1150
Second groove portion 117
3rd groove portion 119
3rd groove portion blind end 1191
3rd open end, groove portion 1192
Second double wedge 110
Armature winding 13
Permanent magnet 16
The number of phases P of electric machine
4th groove portion 218
First winding 29
Second winding 20
5th groove portion 280
6th groove portion 1193
The depth H 2 in the second groove portion
The depth H 3 in the 3rd groove portion
Configuration parameter Q, t, k, e, f, m, a, b
Stator convex tooth width W01, W02, W03, W04 of overlapping corresponding to mover.
Embodiment
Because the present invention is to provide a kind of Magneticflux-switching type permanent-magnet motor apparatus, wherein utilized Principle of Electric Engine can with reference to Conference Papers E.Hoang, A.H.Ben-Ahmed, and J.Lucidarme, " Switching flux permanent magnet polyphased synchronous machines, " in Proc.7th Eur.Conf.Power Electronics and Applications, 1997, vol.3, pp.903 – 908.Therefore with explanation hereinafter, no longer do complete description.Meanwhile, with hereinafter contrasted accompanying drawing, be express the structural representation relevant with feature of the present invention, also do not need, according to the complete drafting of actual size, to illustrate in advance.
Please refer to Fig. 1, being the preferred embodiment that the present invention proposes, is a kind of topology organigram of electric machine.This electric machine 9 can be outer mover motor, interior mover motor, linear motor, axial air-gap motor, stepper motor or generator etc., further illustrates below with regard to its structure.Electric machine 9 mainly comprises stator 11 and mover 12, forms n the first double wedge 121 and n the first groove portion 124 of groove portion 124, first and be arranged between every two adjacent the first double wedges 121 in the middle of mover 12.These first double wedges 121 present equidistant spread pattern, and its orientation is towards the direction of stator 11.
Stator 11 is formed with groove portion 117 of multiple ditch portion 115, second, the 3rd groove portion 119 and the second double wedge 110.Ditch portion 115 is towards mover 12, and there is the second groove portion 117 in each ditch portion 115 towards the end opens of mover 12, and the quantity in ditch portion 115 is S, offers the 3rd groove portion 119 between every two ditch portions 115 towards mover 12.Second double wedge 110 is arranged between the 3rd groove portion 119 that each second groove portion 117 is adjacent.
The form in ditch portion 115 can give design according to actual demand, asks for an interview Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, and ditch portion 115, at the other end in contrast to the second groove portion 117, can be formed with the open end 1151 of through stator 11; Or as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the blind end 1150 making ditch portion 115 be formed as not opening in contrast to the other end in the second groove portion 117 also can.In addition, in the diagram, ditch portion 115, at contiguous blind end 1150 place, can laterally offer the 4th groove portion 218 further.Further, in order to the needs designed, ditch portion 115 can have identical width with the second groove portion 117 and integrate.
Please again see Fig. 1, in order to reach the magnetic induction effect of electric machine, stator 11 must be configured with armature winding 13.Armature winding 13 winding between two adjacent the 3rd groove portions 119, and crosses over ditch portion 115, and ditch portion 115 is positioned in the middle of armature winding 13.Please again see Fig. 5, the blind end 1191 in the 3rd groove portion 119 can laterally offer the 6th groove portion 1193 further, and makes the winding of armature winding 13 difference between the 6th adjacent groove portion 1193.
Stator 11 can be configured with permanent magnet 16 further.Permanent magnet 16 is arranged in the middle of each ditch portion 115, and cross over by armature winding 13.When ditch portion 115 has identical width with the second groove portion 117, permanent magnet 16 can fill up ditch portion 115 and the second groove portion 117 simultaneously.
Please refer to Fig. 3, electric machine 9 of the present invention can configure multiple windings further.First winding 29 is between every two adjacent the second groove portions 117, and the 3rd groove portion 119 of leap.Again as shown in Figure 4, between every two adjacent the 4th groove portions 218, second winding 20 is arranged with further.It must be emphasized that, electric machine 9 as shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4, after first winding 29 and/or second winding 20 are set, if in order to examining of reducing costs or the requirement in structural design, permanent magnet 16 wherein just can remove, do not need to arrange, and replace the magnetic line of force of permanent magnet 16 with first winding 29 or second winding or the magnetic line of force that the two produces.In addition, in the diagram, first winding 29 and second winding 20 can be arranged simultaneously, also only can arrange one of them.
Ask for an interview Fig. 5, electric machine 9 proposed by the invention is in order to improve number of poles P, the quantity of the second double wedge 110 set between the 3rd groove portion 119 that each second groove portion 117 is adjacent also can be 2 (even more), and is just formed with the 5th groove portion 280 between these two the second double wedges 110.And a pair the 5th groove portions 280 crossing over the second groove portion 117 also can arrange armature winding 13 according to need and further.
Electric machine 9 proposed by the invention has special configuration parameter and configuration relation, can strengthen and flexibly adjust the performance of electric machine 9.Below will describe every configuration parameter and configuration relation in detail, and refer to Fig. 6 A to Fig. 6 C.
Configuration parameter includes a, b, e, f, t, k, m, P, Q and S, and wherein t, e, f, k, m, P, Q and S, be all greater than 0, and a is the integer of 1, and b is the integer of 0 or 1, and wherein t, P, Q, S are positive integer;
2t the second double wedge 110 is comprised between every two adjacent the second groove portions 117;
K is the width in the first groove portion 124 of mover 12 and the ratio of the first double wedge 121 width;
E is the width in the second groove portion 117 of stator 11 and the ratio of the second double wedge 110 width;
F is the 3rd groove portion 119 width of stator 11 and the ratio of the second double wedge 110 width;
During actual design, above-mentioned configuration parameter can may not have integer relation according to design optimization.Separately, in time calculating the number of teeth n of the first double wedge 121 of mover 12, e and f can value 0, and its practical significance is that the groove width in the second groove portion 117 is minimum relative to the ratio of the second double wedge 110 width, such as, be less than 0.3 facewidth.
The number of phases of electric machine is P;
The total quantity in ditch portion 115 is S;
Above-mentioned configuration parameter must meet the first configuration relation: S=2*P*Q;
Above-mentioned configuration parameter must meet the second configuration relation: when different k, e and f must meet e=(k+1) a and f=(k+1) b+k-1 or e=(k+1) a+1 and f=(k+1) b+k-2 ... or e=(k+1) a+k-1 and f=(k+1) b;
3rd configuration relation: m=2*P*Q* (2* (t* (1+k)-k)+e+f);
4th configuration relation: n=m/ (k+1) or n=m/ (k+1) ± 1 or n=m/ (k+1) ± Q.
Above-mentioned second configuration relation take k as independent variable, and when the value of k increases, the second configuration relation can produce more compound mode.Such as
As k=1, the second configuration relation can be set as further (e=2a and f=2b).
As k=2, the second configuration relation can be set as further (e=3a and f=3b+1) or (e=3a+1 and f=3b).
As k=3, the second configuration relation can be set as further (e=4a and f=4b+2) or (e=4a+1 and f=4b+1) or (e=4a+2 and f=4b);
When k=4,5,6,7 ... .. time, can the rest may be inferred.That is, for the value of the configuration parameter k that each is preset, as long as e and f meets any one above-mentioned second configuration relation.
The 4th above-mentioned configuration relation, as P=1, i.e. single-phase motor, is suitable for n=m/ (k+1); When P≤2, i.e. multi-phase motor, is suitable for n=m/ (k+1) ± 1 or n=m/ (k+1) ± Q.
According to above-mentioned configuration parameter and configuration relation, several configuration embodiment is below proposed:
first embodiment
k＝1、t＝1、P＝3、Q＝2，
Get a=1, b=1 then obtains e=2, f=2,
Therefore m=2*3*2* (2* (2-1)+2+2)=12*6=72,
N=72/2 ± 1=35 or 37; N=72/2 ± 2=34 or 38.
So the quantity n of the first double wedge 121 of mover 12 can be 35,37,34 or 38.
second embodiment
k＝1、t＝2、P＝3、Q＝2，
Get a=1, b=1 then obtains e=2, f=2,
Therefore m=2*3*2* (2* (4-1)+2+2)=12*10=120,
N=120/2 ± 1=61 or 59; N=120/2 ± 2=62 or 58.
So the quantity n of the first double wedge 121 of mover 12 can be 61,59,62 or 58.
3rd embodiment
k＝2、t＝1、P＝3，Q＝2，
Make a=1, b=0, get (e=3a and f=3b+1), obtain e=3, f=1,
Therefore m=2*3*2* (2* (3-2)+3+1)=12*6=72,
N=72/3 ± 1=23 or 25; N=72/3 ± 2=22 or 26.
So the quantity n of the first double wedge 121 of mover 12 can be 23,25,22 or 26.
4th embodiment
k＝2、t＝2、P＝3，Q＝2，
Make a=1, b=0, get (e=3a and f=3b+1), obtain e=3, f=1,
Therefore m=2*3*2* (2* (6-2)+3+1)=12*12=144,
N=144/3 ± 1=47 or 49; N=144/3 ± 2=46 or 50.
So the quantity n of the first double wedge 121 of mover 12 can be 47,49,46 or 50.
By above-mentioned design, when all angles that mover 12 operates, the second double wedge 110 of stator 11 is also almost fixed with the corresponding convex tooth width W01+W02+W03+W04 overlapped of the first double wedge 121 of mover 12, and amount of variability is minimum, as shown in Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 D.The cogging torque of electric machine therefore proposed by the invention is extremely low, unlike double salient-pole electric machine have great cogging torque.
Ask for an interview Fig. 8 A, transverse axis is the electrical angle (0 degree to 100 degree) that mover 12 operates, and the longitudinal axis is its corresponding cogging torque, wherein n=10, first double wedge of mover is 10 teeth, and be the known technology of Magneticflux-switching type permanent-magnet motor apparatus, its corresponding cogging torque is right vertical; N=38, the first double wedge of mover is 38 teeth, is the electric machine of Fig. 2 of the present invention; N=62, the first double wedge of mover is 62 teeth, is the electric machine that Fig. 5 of the present invention proposes, and the unit of its corresponding cogging torque is left vertical.Can know from Fig. 8 A and find out, compared to known technology, the cogging torque of electric machine proposed by the invention is extremely low, has the effect shown to promote.
Ask for an interview Fig. 8 B, transverse axis is the electrical angle (0 degree to 100 degree) that mover 12 operates, and the longitudinal axis is its corresponding back electromotive force, wherein n=10, and the first double wedge of mover is 10 teeth, is the known technology of Magneticflux-switching type permanent-magnet motor apparatus; N=38, the first double wedge of mover is 38 teeth, is the electric machine of Fig. 2 of the present invention; N=62, the first double wedge of mover is 62 teeth, is the electric machine of Fig. 5 of the present invention.Can know from Fig. 8 B and find out, compared to known technology, the back electromotive force of electric machine proposed by the invention is comparatively large, that is its output torque is comparatively large, has the effect shown to promote.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be not used to limit interest field of the present invention, electric machine such as proposed by the invention, can be applicable to interior mover motor, outer mover motor, linear motor, engine etc.Simultaneously above description, those skilled in the art should understand and implement, in time calculating the mover number of teeth, the length of each part all gets the integer of the facewidth of mover or the facewidth of stator, but when practical application, give adjustment and optimisation by according to the demand in design, therefore other equivalence completed under not departing from disclosed spirit changes or modifies, and all should be included in the right of the application.
Claims (8)
1. an electric machine, mainly comprise a stator (11) and mover (12), this mover (12) be formed n equidistant arrangement, towards first double wedge (121) of this stator (11), every two the first double wedges (121) groove portion, interval one first (124), is characterized in that:
This electric machine has a plurality of configuration parameter a, b, e, f, t, k, m, P, Q and S, and wherein t, e, f, k, m, P, Q and S are all greater than 0, and a is the integer of 1, and b is the integer of 0 or 1, and wherein t, P, Q and S are positive integer;
This stator (11) is formed with a plurality of ditch portion (115) towards this mover (12), and each ditch portion (115) has the second groove portion (117) towards the end opens of this mover (12);
The 3rd groove portion (119) is offered towards this mover (12) between every two ditch portions (115);
At least one second double wedge (110) is formed between the 3rd groove portion (119) that each second groove portion (117) is adjacent;
2t the second double wedge (110) is comprised between every two adjacent the second groove portions (117);
K is the width in the first groove portion (124) and the ratio of the first double wedge (121) width of mover (12);
E is the width in the second groove portion (117) and the ratio of the second double wedge (110) width of stator (11);
F is the 3rd groove portion (119) width of stator (11) and the ratio of the second double wedge (110) width;
The total quantity in this ditch portion (115) is S, and the number of phases of this electric machine is P, then above-mentioned configuration parameter must meet the first configuration relation, the second configuration relation and the 3rd configuration relation, wherein
First configuration relation: S=2*P*Q;
Second configuration relation: when different k, e and f must meet e=(k+1) a and f=(k+1) b+k-1 or e=(k+1) a+1 and f=(k+1) b+k-2 ... or e=(k+1) a+k-1 and one of f=(k+1) b relation;
3rd configuration relation: m=2*P*Q* (2* (t* (1+k)-k)+e+f).
2. according to electric machine according to claim 1, wherein, multiple configuration parameter has the 4th configuration relation, and the 4th configuration relation is selected from following thrin:
N=m/ (k+1), n=m/ (k+1) ± 1 and n=m/ (k+1) ± Q.
3. according to electric machine according to claim 2, wherein, when this electric machine is single-phase motor, P=1, n=m/ (k+1).
4. according to electric machine according to claim 2, wherein, when this electric machine is multi-phase motor, P>1, n=m/ (k+1) ± 1 or n=m/ (k+1) ± Q.
5. according to electric machine according to claim 1, wherein, include a plurality of permanent magnet (16), each permanent magnet (16) is arranged in each ditch portion (115).
6. according to electric machine according to claim 1, wherein, include a plurality of permanent magnet (16), and each ditch portion (115) is identical with the width in each second groove portion (117), make each permanent magnet (16) be arranged at ditch portion (115) with in the second groove portion (117) simultaneously.
7. two according to electric machine according to claim 1, wherein, adjacent the 3rd groove portions (119) are arranged with the armature winding (13) crossing over this ditch portion (115).
8. according to electric machine according to claim 1, wherein, every two adjacent the second groove portions (117) are arranged with first winding (29).
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN200910138971.1A CN101895159B (en) | 2009-05-21 | 2009-05-21 | Electric motor |
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| CN200910138971.1A CN101895159B (en) | 2009-05-21 | 2009-05-21 | Electric motor |
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| CN101895159B true CN101895159B (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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| CN102594078A (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2012-07-18 | 巨铠实业股份有限公司 | External rotor motor device |
| CN102223035B (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2013-05-01 | 东南大学 | Low-torque pulse axial magnetic field stator permanent magnet motor |
| TWI449302B (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2014-08-11 | Jaguar Prec Industry Co Ltd | Multi-pole electric machine |
| CN111541313B (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2021-04-27 | 东南大学 | Mixed magnetic pole zero sequence magnetic regulation memory motor and magnetic regulation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1377118A (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2002-10-30 | 株式会社萌利克 | Permanent-magnet rotor and permanent-magnet electric rotating machine |
| CN101009439A (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-01 | 巨铠实业股份有限公司 | Motor stator device |
| CN101436797A (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2009-05-20 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | Concentrated winding machine with magnetic slot wedges |
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| WO2007083724A1 (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-07-26 | Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki | Gap winding type motor |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1377118A (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2002-10-30 | 株式会社萌利克 | Permanent-magnet rotor and permanent-magnet electric rotating machine |
| CN101009439A (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-01 | 巨铠实业股份有限公司 | Motor stator device |
| CN101436797A (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2009-05-20 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | Concentrated winding machine with magnetic slot wedges |
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