Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of composite formula of electrodes of lithium-ion batteries (anode pole piece and cathode pole piece) and preparation method of said composition of being used for.This composition is particularly useful for the preparation technology by a kind of brand-new electrodes of lithium-ion batteries of inventor herein's invention, promptly prepares the technical process of battery pole piece with injection molding method.Because of not using solvent to greatly reduce the manufacturing cost of battery pole piece, also be beneficial to environmental protection simultaneously in the composite formula of the present invention.The present invention has effectively improved the flowability of feed composition because of having added additive, be easy to make the feeding of uniformity, thereby reach the uniformity of pole piece surface density, be particularly suitable for power battery pack preparation technology and use, can increase substantially battery pack combo rate of finished products.
One aspect of the present invention, a kind of composition that is used for electrodes of lithium-ion batteries is provided, said composition is made up of powder and glue, wherein powder is made up of negative or positive electrode active material and conductive agent, glue is made up of bonding agent and additive, the quality proportioning of powder and glue is: powder: 80~97%, and glue: 3~20%.
According to a concrete but nonrestrictive embodiment of the present invention, the shared mass percent of each component in the powder: negative or positive electrode active material: 85~98%, conductive agent: 2~15%; The shared mass percent of each component in the glue: bonding agent: 80~96%, additive: 4~20%.
According to a concrete but nonrestrictive embodiment of the present invention, positive active material is a lamellar compound, and its chemical formula is LiMO
2, wherein M is Ni, Mn, one or more among the Co; Spinel compound, its chemical formula are LiMn
2O
4Olivine structural material, its chemical formula are LiFePO
4, or the modified material of above-mentioned substance, the perhaps combination of one or more in the above-mentioned substance; Negative electrode active material is raw material of wood-charcoal material or transition metal oxide or their combination.
According to a concrete but nonrestrictive embodiment of the present invention, the raw material of wood-charcoal material is one or more the combination in native graphite, electrographite, charcoal fiber, the amorphous carbon.
According to a concrete but nonrestrictive embodiment of the present invention, transition metal oxide is LiTiO
4Or Li
4Ti
5O
12Perhaps their combination.
According to a concrete but nonrestrictive embodiment of the present invention, conductive agent is one or more in electrically conductive graphite, acetylene black and the conducting polymer substance.
According to a concrete but nonrestrictive embodiment of the present invention, bonding agent is a thermoplastic resin.
According to a concrete but nonrestrictive embodiment of the present invention, bonding agent is one or more the combination in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), the butadiene-styrene latex (SBR).
According to a concrete but nonrestrictive embodiment of the present invention, additive is one or more the combination in glycerol, castor oil, oleic acid, the nonionic soil temperature.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned composition, mainly may further comprise the steps:
Refining glue adds bonding agent toward the mixing roll hopper in, under 80~350 ℃ of temperature mixing 1~4 hour, add additive and continue mixing 1~4 hour to even;
Mixing, after refining glue is extremely even, in hopper, add active material, mixing 1~4 hour, add conductive agent again and continue mixing 4~12 hours to evenly back discharging, obtain feed composition;
Pulverize, feed composition is pulverized with pulverizer.
Embodiment
Hereinafter provide concrete execution mode to further specify the present invention, but the present invention is not limited only to following execution mode.
Of the present invention one concrete but the execution mode of indefiniteness has provided a kind of composition that is used for electrodes of lithium-ion batteries, said composition is made up of powder and glue, wherein powder is made up of active material and conductive agent, glue is made up of bonding agent and additive.The quality proportioning of powder and glue is: powder: 80~97%, and glue: 3~20%.A kind of embodiment preferred is the shared mass percent of each component in the powder: negative or positive electrode active material: 85~98%, and conductive agent: 2~15%; The shared mass percent of each component in the glue: bonding agent: 80~96%, additive: 4~20%.
Specifically, active material is positive active material or negative electrode active material.Positive active material can be a lamellar compound, and its chemical formula is LiMO
2, wherein M is Ni, Mn, one or more among the Co; Spinel compound, its chemical formula are LiMn
2O
4Olivine structural material, its chemical formula are LiFePO
4, or the modified material of above-mentioned substance, the perhaps combination of one or more in the above-mentioned substance.Negative electrode active material comprises raw material of wood-charcoal material or transition metal oxide, and the raw material of wood-charcoal material for example can be: native graphite, electrographite, charcoal fiber, amorphous carbon; Transition metal oxide is LiTiO
4Perhaps Li
4Ti
5O
12
Conductive agent can be one or more the combination in electrically conductive graphite, acetylene black and the conducting polymer substance.
Bonding agent can be a thermoplastic resin, specifically as one or more the combination in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), the butadiene-styrene latex (SBR).
Additive is glycerol, castor oil, oleic acid, nonionic soil temperature etc.The adding of additive can effectively improve the flowability of feed composition, is easy to make the feeding of uniformity.
Composition of the present invention can prepare by the following method:
1, refining glue adds bonding agent toward the mixing roll hopper in, under 80~350 ℃ of temperature mixing 1~4 hour, adds additive and continues mixing 1~4 hour to even.
2, mixing refining glue adds active material after evenly toward hopper in, and mixing 1~4 hour, add conductive agent again and continue discharging after evenly in mixing 4~12 hours, be feed composition.
3, pulverizing is pulverized feed composition with pulverizer, so that injection molding machine uses.
In order to simplify processing step, in above-mentioned mixing process, bonding agent and additive can add mixing 1~4 hour simultaneously, needn't be mixing step by step; In above-mentioned mixing process, active material and conductive agent also can add mixing 4~12 hours simultaneously, needn't be mixing step by step.
The feed composition that more than makes is accurately controlled shot by injection molding method with the precision injection molding machine, feeding is injected on the collector of certain area, after technologies such as super-dry, compressing tablet, makes electrodes of lithium-ion batteries.This process by applicant in having proposed application for a patent for invention to Patent Office of the People's Republic of China on the same day, denomination of invention is " a kind of method for preparing lithium ion battery pole pieces ", is quoted in full at this.
The present invention will be further described with several specific embodiments below.But following embodiment should not be construed as the concrete qualification to protection range of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Accurately taking by weighing 5.00 kilograms of polytetrafluoroethylene joins in the mixing roll mixing 4 hours at 300 ℃, taking by weighing 0.25 kilogram of glycerol and 0.25 kilogram of soil temperature 80 joins in the mixing roll and continued mixing 4 hours, temperature remains unchanged, in mixing roll, added 56.00 kilograms of LiFePO4s mixing 4 hours afterwards, add 2.00 kilograms of crystalline flake graphites and 1.00 kilograms of acetylene blacks, continue cooling after mixing 6 hours, pulverize and make anodal feed composition.Accurately take by weighing 2.00 kilograms of polytetrafluoroethylene and join in the mixing roll at 300 ℃ after mixing 4 hours, add 0.10 kilogram of glycerol and 0.10 kilogram of soil temperature 80 mixing 2 hours, temperature remains unchanged.Afterwards, added 36.00 kilograms in negative pole graphite in the mixing roll mixing 4 hours, add 0.80 kilogram of 1.50 kilograms of acetylene blacks and electrically conductive graphite and continue cooling after mixing 6 hours, pulverize and obtain the negative pole feed composition.
With precise injection machine the iron phosphate lithium positive pole feed composition is injected into and contains in the aluminum foil current collector die cavity, thickness is 250 microns, and the negative pole feed composition is injected into and contains in the Copper Foil collector die cavity, and thickness is 160 microns.Pole piece after 10 hours, is used spreader bar compacting pole piece 120 ℃ of vacuumizes, and the thickness that makes anode pole piece is 140 microns, and the thickness of cathode pole piece is 110 microns.
Comparison example
In order to compare, we prepare the pole piece of same thickness with common coating process.
The preparation of anode pole piece: in de-airing mixer, add 56.00 kilograms of LiFePO4s, 2.00 kilograms of crystalline flake graphites, 1.00 kilograms of acetylene blacks, 5.00 kilograms of polytetrafluoroethylene, 85.00 kilograms of N-methyl pyrrolidones, stir the final vacuum degassing in 6 hours, with coating machine slurry is coated onto on the aluminum foil current collector, thickness is 250 microns.It is 140 μ m that roll squeezer compacting, thickness are used in dry back.
The preparation of cathode pole piece: in de-airing mixer, add 36.00 kilograms of negative pole graphite, 1.50 kilograms of acetylene blacks, 0.80 kilogram of electrically conductive graphite, 2.00 kilograms of polytetrafluoroethylene, 55.00 kilograms of deionized waters, stir the final vacuum degassing in 6 hours, with coating machine slurry is coated onto on the Copper Foil collector, thickness is 160 microns.It is 110 μ m that roll squeezer compacting, thickness are used in dry back.
Because do not contain organic solvent N-methyl pyrrolidone in the composition of the present invention, so with composition production electrodes of lithium-ion batteries of the present invention, manufacturing cost will reduce greatly, also environmental protection simultaneously.
In order to compare the homogeneous degree of pole piece, choose any 10 positions on the pole piece, measure the thickness of pole piece, simultaneously the 4cm on the collector
2Powder on the area scrapes off and carries out weight weighing calculating surface density, and the result is as showing:
As can be seen from the table: with the electrodes of lithium-ion batteries homogeneity of preparation of compositions of the present invention than the common coating process height of (containing organic solvent).
In order to contrast the pliability of pole piece, the pole piece of pole piece that adopts present composition preparation and common coating processes (containing organic solvent) preparation has been carried out the bending contrast test, be bent to number of times that fracture appears in pole piece and weigh the pliability of pole piece, it is good more that the many more and pole piece of bending number of times is not lost explanation pole piece pliability.The result is as showing:
Find out from last table, obviously be better than the pole piece of common coating processes preparation with the pliability of the pole piece of preparation of compositions of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
Accurately take by weighing 5.00 kilograms of polytetrafluoroethylene, 0.25 kilogram of glycerol and 0.25 kilogram of oleic acid, join in the mixing roll respectively, at 300 ℃ after mixing 4 hours, in mixing roll, add 56.00 kilograms of LiFePO4s, 2.00 kilograms of crystalline flake graphites, 1.00 kilograms of acetylene blacks, continue to make anodal feeding after mixing 6 hours; Accurately take by weighing 2.00 kilograms of polytetrafluoroethylene, 0.10 kilogram of glycerol and 0.10 kilogram of oleic acid, join in the mixing roll respectively, at 300 ℃ after mixing 4 hours, add 36.00 kilograms in negative pole graphite, 1.50 kilograms of acetylene blacks, electrically conductive graphite in the mixing roll and continue for 0.80 kilogram to obtain the negative pole feeding after mixing 6 hours.Anodal feeding is injected in the die cavity that contains aluminum foil current collector with precise injection machine, thickness is 250 microns, and coating content is 31.00g; The negative pole feeding is injected into contains in the Copper Foil collector die cavity, thickness is 160 microns, and coating content is 16.00g.Pole piece after 10 hours, is used spreader bar compacting pole piece 200 ℃ of vacuumizes, and the thickness that makes anode pole piece is 140 microns, and the thickness of cathode pole piece is 110 microns.Add barrier film then, battery is made in the coiling fluid injection, and 0.1C changes into, respectively with 0.5C and 1C partial volume.
According to the method for common coating, use the formulation pole piece that contains organic solvent to be assembled into battery then, equally according to same technology forming and capacity dividing.It is as follows that coating process prepares pole piece:
The preparation of anode pole piece: in de-airing mixer, add 56.00 kilograms of LiFePO4s, 2.00 kilograms of crystalline flake graphites, 1.00 kilograms of acetylene blacks, 5.00 kilograms of polytetrafluoroethylene, 85.00 kilograms of N-methyl pyrrolidones, stir the final vacuum degassing in 6 hours, with coating machine slurry is coated onto on the aluminum foil current collector, thickness is 250 microns.It is 140 μ m that roll squeezer compacting, thickness are used in dry back.
The preparation of cathode pole piece: in de-airing mixer, add 36.00 kilograms of negative pole graphite, 1.50 kilograms of acetylene blacks, 0.80 kilogram of electrically conductive graphite, 2.00 kilograms of polytetrafluoroethylene, 55.00 kilograms of deionized waters, stir the final vacuum degassing in 6 hours, with coating machine slurry is coated onto on the Copper Foil collector, thickness is 160 microns.It is 110 μ m that roll squeezer compacting, thickness are used in dry back.
Two kinds of technologies are assembled into the forming and capacity dividing result such as the following table of battery:
As can be seen with the pole piece of present composition preparation because the favorable reproducibility of subsequent technique, guaranteed the homogeneity of pole piece, the rate of finished products of battery is higher than the rate of finished products that common coating process prepares battery.Embodiment 3-5 is used for several concrete composite formula and their corresponding preparation method of electrodes of lithium-ion batteries for the present invention.
Embodiment 3
Accurately take by weighing 5.00 kilograms of polytetrafluoroethylene, 0.25 kilogram of glycerol and 0.25 kilogram of oleic acid, join in the mixing roll respectively, at 300 ℃ after mixing 4 hours, in mixing roll, add 56.00 kilograms of LiMn2O4s, 2.00 kilograms of crystalline flake graphites, 1.00 kilograms of acetylene blacks, continue to make anodal feeding after mixing 6 hours; Accurately take by weighing 2.00 kilograms of butadiene-styrene latexes, 0.10 kilogram of glycerol and 0.10 kilogram of oleic acid, join in the mixing roll respectively, at 300 ℃ after mixing 4 hours, add 36.00 kilograms in negative pole graphite, 1.50 kilograms of acetylene blacks, electrically conductive graphite in the mixing roll and continue for 0.80 kilogram to obtain the negative pole feeding after mixing 6 hours.
Embodiment 4
Accurately take by weighing 5.00 kilograms of polytetrafluoroethylene, 0.25 kilogram of glycerol and 0.25 kilogram of oleic acid, join in the mixing roll respectively, at 300 ℃ after mixing 4 hours, in mixing roll, add 56.00 kilograms of binary nickel LiMn2O4s, 2.00 kilograms of crystalline flake graphites, 1.00 kilograms of acetylene blacks, continue to make anodal feeding after mixing 6 hours; Accurately take by weighing 2.00 kilograms of polytetrafluoroethylene, 0.10 kilogram of glycerol and 0.10 kilogram of oleic acid, join in the mixing roll respectively, at 300 ℃ after mixing 4 hours, add 36.00 kilograms in negative pole graphite, 1.50 kilograms of acetylene blacks, electrically conductive graphite in the mixing roll and continue for 0.80 kilogram to obtain the negative pole feeding after mixing 6 hours.
Embodiment 5
Accurately take by weighing 5.00 kilograms of polytetrafluoroethylene, 0.25 kilogram of glycerol and 0.25 kilogram of oleic acid, join in the mixing roll respectively, at 300 ℃ after mixing 4 hours, in mixing roll, add 56.00 kilograms of LiFePO4s, 2.00 kilograms of crystalline flake graphites, 1.00 kilograms of acetylene blacks, continue to make anodal feeding after mixing 6 hours; Accurately take by weighing 2.00 kilograms of polytetrafluoroethylene, 0.10 kilogram of glycerol and 0.10 kilogram of oleic acid, join in the mixing roll respectively, at 300 ℃ after mixing 4 hours, add 36.00 kilograms of lithium titanates, 1.50 kilograms of acetylene blacks, electrically conductive graphite in the mixing roll and continue for 0.80 kilogram to obtain the negative pole feeding after mixing 6 hours.
Below only be concrete exemplary applications of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not constituted any limitation.All employing equivalents or equivalence are replaced and the technical scheme of formation, all drop within the rights protection scope of the present invention.