CN101891532A - Nutrient medium used for reducing disease incidence of soil-borne disease of thin-skin melons and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Nutrient medium used for reducing disease incidence of soil-borne disease of thin-skin melons and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101891532A CN101891532A CN2010102108417A CN201010210841A CN101891532A CN 101891532 A CN101891532 A CN 101891532A CN 2010102108417 A CN2010102108417 A CN 2010102108417A CN 201010210841 A CN201010210841 A CN 201010210841A CN 101891532 A CN101891532 A CN 101891532A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to a nutrient medium used for reducing the disease incidence of soil-borne diseases of thin-skin melons and a method for preparing the same. The nutrient medium is prepared from the following components in percentage by volume: 38 to 44 percent of vegetable garden soil, 54 to 60 percent of smashed straws and 2 to 3 percent of expanded chicken manure. The method comprises the following steps of: taking the vegetable garden soil, the smashed straws and the expanded chicken manure; showering the smashed straws by using water and then squeezing for drying the straws; uniformly mixing the smashed straws, the vegetable garden soil and the expanded chicken manure to obtain a mixture; piling the mixture into a trapezoidal nutrient medium pile at room temperature or in a greenhouse; and tightly covering the nutrient medium pile by using plastic cloth and performing fermentation to obtain the nutrient medium. Used for planting the thin-skin melons, the nutrient medium not only greatly reduces the disease incidence of the soil-borne diseases but also improves the trophic structure of soil because of increasing the content of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil by adding the straws into the soil; and besides, the nutrient medium has higher porosity degree and contributes to the growth of roots of plants, so that the plants grow healthily and robustly and the yield is improved.
Description
Technical field: the invention belongs to plant disease-proof evil field, refer to that specifically the cultivation of thin skin muskmelon is with nutraceutical matrix prescription and preparation method.
Background technology: in thin skin muskmelon heliogreenhouse and booth production, the soil of plantation thin skin muskmelon more than 3 years is because the accumulation of some toxic substances in the thin skin muskmelon root exudates continuously, and because first crop plantation thin skin muskmelon, the residual of various germs arranged in the soil, all can cause the thin skin muskmelon that some soil-borne diseases take place, as root rot, blight etc., when being in a bad way, can cause that large-area plant is susceptible even withered, have a strong impact on thin skin muskmelon output, and more at present at this type of disease, it is undesirable to carry out pesticide control method effects such as soil disinfection or filling root, and cause in the soil a large amount of pesticide residue, and cause that pesticide residue exceed standard in the fruit, seriously influence high-quality, the production of pollution-free vegetable.
Also there is not report at present about the matrix that prevents thin skin muskmelon soil-borne disease.
Summary of the invention:
Goal of the invention: the invention provides a kind of nutraceutical matrix prescription and preparation method who reduces thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease and improve output, soil-borne disease was serious after its purpose was to solve heliogreenhouse or the continuous cropping of booth thin skin muskmelon, and it is undesirable and easily cause the problem of pesticide residue severe overweight to be used to prevent and treat the agricultural chemicals effect of these diseases at present.
Technical scheme: the present invention implements by the following technical programs:
Be used to reduce the nutraceutical matrix of thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease, it is characterized in that: this nutraceutical matrix by following component by volume per-cent be prepared from:
Garden loam 38-44%
The straw 54-60% that pulverizes
Expanded chicken manure 2-3%.
The straw length of pulverizing is 3-4 centimetre.
Be used to reduce the preparation method of the nutraceutical matrix of thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease, it is characterized in that: this method is carried out as follows:
(1) measure the straw of garden loam, pulverizing, expanded chicken manure respectively, wherein the volume percent of each component is:
Garden loam 38-44%
The straw 54-60% that pulverizes
Expanded chicken manure 2-3%;
(2) the straw water of pulverizing is drenched, with the hand-tight straw of holding till no water droplet flows out from webs, again with garden loam and the abundant mixing of expanded chicken manure, then mixture is piled trapezoidal nutraceutical matrix heap in greenhouse or booth, the average long 5.5-6.5 rice of nutraceutical matrix heap, average wide 2-3 rice, high 1-1.2 rice is determined the heap number according to the nutraceutical matrix expense;
(3) with plastic cloth the nutraceutical matrix heap is covered completely, to keep temperature and humidity, promote fermentation, turning in later every 8-10 days once, temperature should reach 48-60 ℃ in the heap, to kill the germ in garden loam, straw and the muck, composting 33-38 days summer, can fully ferment, obtain being used to reduce the nutraceutical matrix of thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease.
Every mu of ground of trapezoidal nutraceutical matrix heap in the step (2) needs the 4-5 heap.
The straw length of pulverizing is 3-4 centimetre.
Advantage and effect: this invention is planted the thin skin muskmelon for many years continuously and is caused the serious problem of soil-borne disease for solving heliogreenhouse or booth, through years of researches and test, develop and be used to the nutraceutical matrix prescription that reduces thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease and improve output, this prescription adopts the form of garden loam and expanded chicken manure, straw co-fermentation to prepare matrix first; That is to say that the soil that plant is depended on for existence participates in fermentation directly, have more directly effect for the control soil-borne disease like this; Use this nutraceutical matrix plantation thin skin muskmelon, not only greatly reduce disease incidence of soil-borne disease, and owing to added straw, the content of soil with organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is increased, improved the trophic structure of soil, in addition, this nutraceutical matrix porosity is bigger, help plant root and grow, make the plant strain growth stalwartness.Compare with the plant of not using this nutraceutical matrix, can reduce thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease more than 75%, improve output more than 14%.
In addition, low cost of raw materials of the present invention, preparation process is easy, is fit to the production of vast rural area facility thin skin muskmelon.
Embodiment:
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with specific embodiment:
The invention provides a kind of nutraceutical matrix and preparation method who is used to reduce thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease, be applied to the disease-resistant field of plant, its component is: the straw of garden loam, pulverizing, expanded chicken manure, and the concrete embodiment that uses is as follows:
Embodiment 1:
Be used to reduce the nutraceutical matrix of thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease, this nutraceutical matrix by following component by volume per-cent be prepared from:
Garden loam 41%
The straw of pulverizing 56%
Expanded chicken manure 3%,
Wherein the straw length of Fen Suiing is 3 centimetres.
Compound method:
Measure the straw of garden loam, pulverizing, expanded chicken manure respectively in above-mentioned ratio.
The straw of pulverizing is drenched with suitable quantity of water, be advisable from the webs outflow up to no water droplet with the hand-tight straw of holding,, in greenhouse or booth, pile trapezoidal nutraceutical matrix heap again with garden loam and the abundant mixing of expanded chicken manure, the length of nutraceutical matrix heap (mean value of length of the upper and lower end, as follows.) be 6.4 meters, and width (mean value of upper and lower bottom width degree, as follows.) be 2.5 meters, high 1.1 meters, pile 3 heaps altogether, be 53m
3Can be for 0.7 mu of heliogreenhouse or booth plantation thin skin muskmelon.
With plastic cloth nutraceutical matrix heap is covered completely,, promotes fermentation to keep temperature and humidity, later on once every turning in 8 days, after 16 days in the heap temperature reach 55 ℃, the nutraceutical matrix preparation that is used to reduce thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease after 36 days is finished.
Be example with every mu of ground 2400 strain thin skin muskmelon plant below, thin skin muskmelon plant of using nutraceutical matrix of the present invention and the plant of cultivating in the soil that contains the soil-borne disease germ are carried out the contrast of soil-borne disease sickness rate and output, with embodiment 1 is first comparative group, sees the following form:
| Suffer from soil-borne disease plant (strain) | Output (Kg) |
| Do not use the thin skin muskmelon plant of matrix of the present invention | 471 | 2680 |
| Use the thin skin muskmelon plant of matrix of the present invention | 107 | 3092 |
According to last table as can be known: use the thin skin muskmelon soil-borne disease disease plant of nutraceutical matrix of the present invention to reduce by 364 strains, account for and do not use and suffer from 77.3% of soil-borne disease plant; And output has improved 412 kilograms, accounts for untapped 15.3%.This shows, use the thin skin muskmelon plant of matrix of the present invention, on the minimizing soil-borne disease, have a significant effect, also improved output simultaneously.
Embodiment 2:
Be used to reduce the nutraceutical matrix of thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease, this nutraceutical matrix by following component by volume per-cent be prepared from:
Garden loam 38%
The straw of pulverizing 60%
Expanded chicken manure 2%,
Wherein the straw length of Fen Suiing is 4 centimetres.
Compound method:
Measure the straw of garden loam, pulverizing, expanded chicken manure respectively in above-mentioned ratio.
The straw of pulverizing is drenched with suitable quantity of water, be advisable from the webs outflow up to no water droplet with the hand-tight straw of holding, again with garden loam and the abundant mixing of expanded chicken manure, in greenhouse or booth, pile trapezoidal nutraceutical matrix heap, long 6.1 meters of nutraceutical matrix heap, wide 2.8 meters, high 1.2 meters, pile 3 heaps altogether, be 61m
3, can be for 0.8 mu of heliogreenhouse or booth plantation thin skin muskmelon.
With plastic cloth nutraceutical matrix heap is covered completely,, promotes fermentation to keep temperature and humidity, later on once every turning in 10 days, after 18 days in the heap temperature reach 57 ℃, the nutraceutical matrix preparation that is used to reduce thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease after 38 days is finished.
Be example with every mu of ground 2400 strain thin skin muskmelon plant below, thin skin muskmelon plant of using matrix of the present invention and the plant of cultivating in the soil that contains the soil-borne disease germ are carried out the contrast of soil-borne disease sickness rate and output, with embodiment 2 is second comparative group, sees the following form:
| Suffer from soil-borne disease plant (strain) | Output (Kg) | |
| Do not use the thin skin muskmelon plant of matrix of the present invention | 418 | 2572 |
| Use the thin skin muskmelon plant of matrix of the present invention | 102 | 2936 |
According to last table as can be known: use the thin skin muskmelon soil-borne disease disease plant of matrix of the present invention to reduce by 316 strains, account for and do not use and suffer from 75.6% of soil-borne disease plant; And output has improved 364 kilograms, accounts for untapped 14.2%.This shows, use the thin skin muskmelon plant of matrix of the present invention, on the minimizing soil-borne disease, have a significant effect, also improved output simultaneously.
Embodiment 3:
Be used to reduce the nutraceutical matrix of thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease, by following component by volume per-cent be prepared from:
Garden loam 40.5%
The straw of pulverizing 57%
Expanded chicken manure 2.5%,
Wherein the straw length of Fen Suiing is 3.5 centimetres.
Compound method:
Measure the straw of garden loam, pulverizing, expanded chicken manure respectively in above-mentioned ratio.
The straw of pulverizing is drenched with suitable quantity of water, be advisable from the webs outflow up to no water droplet with the hand-tight straw of holding, again with garden loam and the abundant mixing of expanded chicken manure, in greenhouse or booth, pile trapezoidal nutraceutical matrix heap, long 6.8 meters of nutraceutical matrix heap, wide 2.7 meters, high 1.2 meters, pile 2 heaps altogether, be 4.4m
3,, can be for 0.6 mu of heliogreenhouse or booth plantation thin skin muskmelon.
With plastic cloth the nutraceutical matrix heap is covered completely, to keep temperature and humidity, promote fermentation, later on every turning in 11 days once, temperature reaches 54 ℃ in piling after 16 days, obtains being used to reduce the nutraceutical matrix of thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease after 38 days.
Be example with every mu of ground 2400 strain thin skin muskmelon plant below, thin skin muskmelon plant of using matrix of the present invention and the plant of cultivating in the soil that contains the soil-borne disease germ are carried out the contrast of soil-borne disease sickness rate and output, with embodiment 3 is the 3rd comparative group, sees the following form:
| Suffer from soil-borne disease plant (strain) | Output (Kg) | |
| Do not use the thin skin muskmelon plant of matrix of the present invention | 360 | 2825 |
| Use the thin skin muskmelon plant of matrix of the present invention | 85 | 3231 |
According to last table as can be known: use the thin skin muskmelon soil-borne disease disease plant of matrix of the present invention to reduce by 275 strains, account for and do not use and suffer from 76% of soil-borne disease plant; And output has improved 406 kilograms, accounts for untapped 14.3%.This shows, use the thin skin muskmelon plant of matrix of the present invention, having a significant effect aspect minimizing soil-borne disease and the raising output.
Embodiment 4:
Be used to reduce the nutraceutical matrix of thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease, this nutraceutical matrix by following component by volume per-cent be prepared from:
Garden loam 38%
The straw of pulverizing 59%
Expanded chicken manure 3%,
Wherein the straw length of Fen Suiing is 3.8 centimetres
Compound method:
Measure the straw of garden loam, pulverizing, expanded chicken manure respectively in above-mentioned ratio.
The straw of pulverizing is drenched with suitable quantity of water, be advisable from the webs outflow up to no water droplet with the hand-tight straw of holding, again with garden loam and the abundant mixing of expanded chicken manure, in greenhouse or booth, pile trapezoidal nutraceutical matrix heap, long 6 meters of nutraceutical matrix heap, wide 2.7 meters, high 1 meter, pile 3 heaps altogether.Can be for 0.5 mu of heliogreenhouse or booth plantation thin skin muskmelon.
With plastic cloth nutraceutical matrix heap is covered completely,, promotes fermentation to keep temperature and humidity, later on once every turning in 13 days, after 15 days in the heap temperature reach 55 ℃, the nutraceutical matrix preparation that is used to reduce thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease after 40 days is finished.
Be example with every mu of ground 2400 strain thin skin muskmelon plant below, thin skin muskmelon plant of using matrix of the present invention and the plant of cultivating in the soil that contains the soil-borne disease germ are carried out the contrast of soil-borne disease sickness rate and output, with embodiment 4 is the 4th comparative group, sees the following form:
| Suffer from soil-borne disease plant (strain) | Output (Kg) | |
| Do not use the thin skin muskmelon plant of matrix of the present invention | 492 | 2630 |
| Use the thin skin muskmelon plant of matrix of the present invention | 121 | 3056 |
According to last table as can be known: use the thin skin muskmelon soil-borne disease disease plant of matrix of the present invention to reduce by 371 strains, account for and do not use and suffer from 75.4% of soil-borne disease plant; And output has improved 426 kilograms, accounts for untapped 16.2%.This shows, use the thin skin muskmelon plant of matrix of the present invention, have positive effect aspect the minimizing soil-borne disease, therefore, thin skin muskmelon output has a more substantial increase.
Embodiment 5:
Be used to reduce the nutraceutical matrix of thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease, this nutraceutical matrix by following component by volume per-cent be prepared from:
Garden loam 39%
The straw of pulverizing 58%
Expanded chicken manure 3%,
Wherein the straw length of Fen Suiing is 3.3 centimetres
Compound method:
Measure the straw of garden loam, pulverizing, expanded chicken manure respectively in above-mentioned ratio.
The straw of pulverizing is drenched with suitable quantity of water, be advisable from the webs outflow up to no water droplet with the hand-tight straw of holding, again with garden loam and the abundant mixing of expanded chicken manure, in greenhouse or booth, pile trapezoidal nutraceutical matrix heap, long 6 meters of nutraceutical matrix heap, wide 2.5 meters, high 1 meter, pile 3 heaps altogether.Can be for 0.6 mu of heliogreenhouse or booth plantation thin skin muskmelon.
With plastic cloth nutraceutical matrix heap is covered completely,, promotes fermentation to keep temperature and humidity, later on once every turning in 10 days, after 19 days in the heap temperature reach 53 ℃, the nutraceutical matrix preparation that is used to reduce thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease after 40 days is finished.
Be example with every mu of ground 2400 strain thin skin muskmelon plant below, thin skin muskmelon plant of using matrix of the present invention and the plant of cultivating in the soil that contains the soil-borne disease germ are carried out the contrast of soil-borne disease sickness rate and output, with embodiment 5 is the 5th comparative group, sees the following form:
| Suffer from soil-borne disease plant (strain) | Output (Kg) | |
| Do not use the thin skin muskmelon plant of matrix of the present invention | 439 | 2830 |
| Use the thin skin muskmelon plant of matrix of the present invention | 97 | 3269 |
According to last table as can be known: use the thin skin muskmelon soil-borne disease disease plant of matrix of the present invention to reduce by 342 strains, account for and do not use and suffer from 78% of soil-borne disease plant; And output has improved 439 kilograms, accounts for untapped 15.5%.This shows, use the thin skin muskmelon plant of matrix of the present invention, on the minimizing soil-borne disease, have a significant effect, also improved output simultaneously.
Above-mentioned expanded chicken manure is meant: with the freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement is main raw material, place airtight bulking equipment to heat, when reaching certain pressure and temperature, suddenly decompression, the interior water molecules of chicken manure is sharply vaporized, it is expanded to reach chicken manure, and kills worm's ovum, sterilization, deodorizing under high temperature, high pressure effect, and expanded chicken manure finished product is a particulate state.
The average long 5.5-6.5 rice of suggestion nutraceutical matrix heap mainly is that the general heliogreenhouse span of considering is about 6-8 rice, average wide 2-3 rice, high 1-1.2 rice is that temperature is difficult for reaching more than 50 ℃ in the heap because if wide and too high, narrow and the short excessively number of then piling wants many, strengthens floor space.
By the test in 2 years, according to above each embodiment and comparative group as can be seen, use this nutraceutical matrix prescription plantation thin skin muskmelon, can reduce thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease more than 75%, thin skin muskmelon output improves more than 14%, 3117 kilograms of average yield per mus.
Through years of researches and test, the nutraceutical matrix prescription that being used to of developing reduces thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease and improve output, in the production application of actual thin skin muskmelon, not only greatly reduce disease incidence of soil-borne disease, and owing on the basis of garden loam, added straw, the content of soil with organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is increased, improved the trophic structure of soil.In addition, this nutraceutical matrix porosity is bigger, helps plant root and grows, and makes the plant strain growth stalwartness.Compare with not using this nutraceutical matrix; can reduce thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease more than 75%; improve output more than 14%; having solved heliogreenhouse and booth plants the thin skin muskmelon for many years continuously and causes the serious problem of soil-borne disease; simultaneously; owing to reduced the agricultural chemicals usage quantity, for preserving the ecological environment and pollution-free vegetable produces and plays an important role, economic benefit and ecological benefits are remarkable.
Claims (5)
1. be used to reduce the nutraceutical matrix of thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease, it is characterized in that: this nutraceutical matrix by following component by volume per-cent be prepared from:
Garden loam 38-44%
The straw 54-60% that pulverizes
Expanded chicken manure 2-3%.
2. according to the described nutraceutical matrix that is used to reduce thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the straw length of pulverizing is 3-4 centimetre.
3. be used to reduce the preparation method of the nutraceutical matrix of thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this method is carried out as follows:
(1) measure the straw of garden loam, pulverizing, expanded chicken manure respectively, wherein the volume percent of each component is:
Garden loam 38-44%
The straw 54-60% that pulverizes
Expanded chicken manure 2-3%;
(2) the straw water of pulverizing is drenched, with the hand-tight straw of holding till no water droplet flows out from webs, again with garden loam and the abundant mixing of expanded chicken manure, then mixture is piled trapezoidal nutraceutical matrix heap in greenhouse or booth, the average long 5.5-6.5 rice of nutraceutical matrix heap, average wide 2-3 rice, high 1-1.2 rice is determined the heap number according to the nutraceutical matrix expense;
(3) with plastic cloth the nutraceutical matrix heap is covered completely, to keep temperature and humidity, promote fermentation, turning in later every 8-10 days once, temperature should reach 48-60 ℃ in the heap, to kill the germ in garden loam, straw and the muck, composting 33-38 days summer, can fully ferment, obtain being used to reduce the nutraceutical matrix of thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease.
4. according to the described preparation method who is used to reduce the nutraceutical matrix of thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the every mu of ground of trapezoidal nutraceutical matrix heap in the step (2) needs the 4-5 heap.
5. according to the described preparation method who is used to reduce the nutraceutical matrix of thin skin muskmelon disease incidence of soil-borne disease of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the straw length of pulverizing is 3-4 centimetre.
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| CN2010102108417A CN101891532A (en) | 2010-06-28 | 2010-06-28 | Nutrient medium used for reducing disease incidence of soil-borne disease of thin-skin melons and method for preparing same |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102108417A CN101891532A (en) | 2010-06-28 | 2010-06-28 | Nutrient medium used for reducing disease incidence of soil-borne disease of thin-skin melons and method for preparing same |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102986397A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-27 | 庞占琴 | Planting method for early-ripe oriental sweet melons at cold highland area |
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| CN1918971A (en) * | 2006-08-29 | 2007-02-28 | 王录顺 | Seeds production method for few-seed purple eggplant first-filial generation |
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| CN102986397A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-27 | 庞占琴 | Planting method for early-ripe oriental sweet melons at cold highland area |
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Application publication date: 20101124 |