CN101887113A - Signal structure integrating navigation and communication - Google Patents

Signal structure integrating navigation and communication Download PDF

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CN101887113A
CN101887113A CN 200910084033 CN200910084033A CN101887113A CN 101887113 A CN101887113 A CN 101887113A CN 200910084033 CN200910084033 CN 200910084033 CN 200910084033 A CN200910084033 A CN 200910084033A CN 101887113 A CN101887113 A CN 101887113A
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communication
code
text
signal
navigator fix
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施浒立
崔君霞
韩延本
裴军
杜晓辉
胡正群
纪元法
王萌
朱海龙
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National Astronomical Observatories of CAS
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Abstract

The invention relates to a signal structure integrating navigation and communication, which comprises messages, spreading codes, carrier waves and the like, wherein the messages comprise communication messages to be transmitted, navigation messages for positioning satellite track, time, coordinates and the like required, parameters relevant to an error correction model, and the like. The spreading codes comprise an m sequence code, a chaos sequence code or other pseudo-random codes, wherein the pseudo-random codes have favorable auto-correlation property and cross-correlation property to be available for a plurality of users, and also have favorable acquisition property, traceability and the like; the pseudo-random codes not only have the function of spectrum spread, but also can be used as ranging codes to realize precision measurement of a pseudo range between a sending end and a receiving end and phases of the carrier waves. The carrier waves can be selected from frequency ranges of VHF, UHF, L, S, C, Ku, Ka, and the like, preferably C, S and L according to the traditional satellite resources. The signal structure can be applied to the fields with requirements for navigation positioning and communication transmission, and has multiple functions, good properties and good anti-interference performance.

Description

The signal structure of navigation and communicating integral
Technical field
The present invention relates to the satellite navigation technical field, particularly relate to satellite communication and satellite navigation field in the RI radio intelligence technology.
Background technology
Since late period in last century, airmanship, particularly satellite navigation technology develops rapidly, and the wherein success of U.S.'s Global Positioning System (GPS) GPS and widespread use causes the very big concern of society.Except GPS, the GPS (Global Position System) GLONASS of USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) construction is arranged again now, the Big Dipper positioning system (COMPASS) of China, and regional positioning system CAPS.In satellite navigation system, signal all adopts pseudo-code spread spectrum system.Wherein spreading code is ranging code, provides time scale, orbit parameter and all kinds of error correction etc. that related parameter is arranged in the navigation message.And in general satellite communication system, text then is the communication text, and the communication text directly is modulated on the carrier wave.One class satellite spread spectrum communication is arranged in the satellite communication, and it is similar with the navigation spread spectrum, and the pseudo-code signal c (t) of baseband signal d (t) and a high speed is carried out time domain multiplication, obtains a spread spectrum code stream, then spreading code stream is modulated, and sends into satellite channel again.Because pseudo-bit rate much larger than the rate of information throughput of signal, is carried out the time domain modulation with baseband signal and pseudo-code signal, is equivalent to carry out at frequency domain the convolution of frequency spectrum, signal spectrum is widened.Power spectrum density is greatly diminished like this.And the intermediate-freuqncy signal bandwidth after the despreading is narrower, and the interference and the noise power that enter intermediate-frequency filter are lowered, and the carrier-to-noise ratio of detuner input end and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) are enhanced.Thereby improved the interference rejection capability of system.Spread spectrum communication simultaneously also have anti-ly intercept and capture, anti-monitoring capability is strong, have anti-fading preferably and characteristics such as ability of anti-multipath and multiple access communication ability.Therefrom also can see, the application of existing satellite spread spectrum communication and satellite navigation spread spectrum communicates, so just a problem is proposed, whether can utilize the spread-spectrum pseudo code in the satellite communication, use in global position system as it, not only be used as spreading code, also be used as ranging code.If add some simple parameter and the information relevant again with the location, add necessary time scale, satellite orbit and calculate relevant parameter with the time delay error in the delivering path, so just can realize pseudo range measurement, and find the solution the realization of measurement equation and locate.Such link not only has communication capacity, also has the ability of measuring pseudorange and location.At this moment the text of communicating by letter has been the text with the communication information and navigator fix information, and we claim that it is compound text.2006, execute in the patent of invention " composite navigation message " of registrations such as waterside is upright, Shang Junna above-mentioned theory has been done preliminary elaboration; 2008, execute the upright and Ning Chunlin of waterside etc. again in patent of invention " method of utilizing satellite that target is communicated and locatees " (application for a patent for invention number: proposed location and communicating integral design concept 200810116829.2); In the same year, execute that waterside is upright, Han Yanben etc. is in patent of invention " the real-time accurate measuring method of earth crust millimeter-level displacement " (application for a patent for invention number: 200810240073.2), further proposed to realize the system design of above-mentioned theory.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is on the basis of existing theory and technology, to disclose the signal structure of a kind of navigation and communicating integral, on the signal structure aspect, " composite navigation message " done further development.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is:
The signal structure of a kind of navigation and communicating integral, its text comprises communication text waiting for transmission, locatees the relevant navigation information of required satellite rail position, time, coordinate, and the relevant parameter of VEC; Its spreading code adopts m sequence code, chaos sequence sign indicating number or other pseudo-random codes, and spreading code is again a ranging code, and the text of modulation is a navigation combinations of communication text; Wherein,
First kind of signal structure is: the simple navigation message of band spectrum modulation on the I branch road, and band spectrum modulation communication text on the Q branch road, two branch roads are quadrature branch; One branch road adopts short code, adopts low information rate, is beneficial to like this and catches; Another branch road adopts long code, is beneficial to the raising distance accuracy; Synthesizing behind the two paths of signals spread spectrum is modulated on the carrier wave again;
Another kind of signal structure is: add the simplest parameter relevant with the pseudo-code measurement with navigator fix in the communication text, and the text of modulation is the combination text that the short text of communication text and navigator fix replaces; The pseudo-code that communication section and navigator fix section adopt is identical or different, and the navigator fix section adopts short code, adopts low information rate transmission, be beneficial to fast like this and catch, and the directs communication section is followed the tracks of; The communication section pseudo-code adopts long code, and long code is beneficial to the raising distance accuracy, is difficult for decoding, good in anti-interference performance; Receiving end, is measured pseudorange and is finished navigator fix calculating as ranging code with spreading code; The combination text is modulated to earlier on the range finding pseudo-code, is modulated on the carrier wave at last; In the combination text navigator fix information and the communication information are arranged, have communication and navigator fix dual-use function.
Described signal structure, in its described first kind of signal structure, the composite signal of I branch road and Q branch road adopts the direct sequence spread spectrum skill band spectrum modulation on carrier signal, and signal is during transmission:
Figure B2009100840338D0000031
Wherein, A cBe communication spreading code amplitude; C c(t) spreading code for communicating by letter; D c(t) be the communication information; f ScCarrier frequency for the communication information;
Figure B2009100840338D0000032
Be the communication carrier phase place; A pBe navigator fix spreading code amplitude; P (t) is the navigator fix spreading code; D p(t) be navigator fix information; f SpBe navigator fix information carrier frequency;
Figure B2009100840338D0000033
Be the navigator fix carrier phase.
Described signal structure, in its described another kind of signal structure, the signal transformat is:
Figure B2009100840338D0000034
In the formula, A is the spreading code amplitude; P (t) is a spreading code; D (t) is the navigator fix and the communication information; f sBe carrier frequency;
Figure B2009100840338D0000035
Be phase place.
Described signal structure, in its described another kind of signal structure, link has only a branch road, frequency spreading code division is two sections, one section is the navigator fix section, and one section is communication section, wherein, leading portion is the section of catching, and the text on it has ID users, communication text length, temporal information and navigator fix relevant information; Back segment is for following the tracks of section, the modulation communication text, and communication text length is divided two kinds of regular length and elongated degree; Adopting short code to be beneficial to soon in the section of catching catches; Following the tracks of section employing long code, be beneficial to the raising distance accuracy, be difficult for decoding, antijamming capability is strong; Catching of back segment by the leading portion guiding, or assist back segment to recapture by leading portion;
Two sections different signal structures, alternate transmission.
Described signal structure, which kind of signal structure it adopts, and by the ability decision of system, when the power in the transmission system (or carrier-to-noise ratio) is enough born the transmission requirement of I branch road and Q branch road, adopts first kind of signal format transmission; Limited and can not bear two tributary signals when transmission when the power in the transmission system (or carrier-to-noise ratio), then adopt single branch road transmission, promptly adopt second kind of signal transformat.
Described signal structure, its described carrier wave are the carrier wave of VHF, UHF, L, S, C, Ku, Ka frequency range.
Described signal structure, its described carrier wave according to existing satellite resource, is preferably C, S, L-band.
The signal structure of a kind of navigation of the present invention and communicating integral can apply to go in the field of navigator fix requirement and communications requirement, has that function is many, performance good, characteristics of good in anti-interference performance particularly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a first kind composite signal form;
Fig. 2 is the second class composite signal form.
Embodiment
The signal structure of a kind of navigation of the present invention and communicating integral, it is made up of text, spreading code and carrier wave etc.Wherein text comprises communication text waiting for transmission, locatees relevant navigation informations such as required satellite rail position, time, coordinate, and the relevant parameter of VEC etc.Spreading code adopts m sequence code, chaos sequence sign indicating number or other pseudo-random codes, these pseudo-random codes of selecting for use should have good autocorrelation performance and their cross correlation, can use for the multi-user, good characteristics such as catching and follow the tracks of should be arranged, not only can play the spread spectrum effect, but also can be used as ranging code, realize making a start and receiving end between pseudorange and the precision measurement of carrier phase.Carrier wave can be selected the carrier wave of frequency ranges such as VHF, UHF, L, S, C, Ku, Ka for use, but according to existing satellite resource, is advisable with C, S, L-band.
The signal structure of a kind of navigation of the present invention and communicating integral on signal architecture, has proposed to realize the Design of Signal of navigation communicating integral, and promptly spreading code also is a ranging code, and the text of modulation is a navigation combinations of communication text.Two kinds of design proposals of the concrete proposition of the present invention in the signal structure design.Wherein a kind of scheme is the simple navigation message of band spectrum modulation on the I branch road, band spectrum modulation communication text on the Q branch road, and two branch roads are quadrature branch, and the spreading code that adopts on two branch roads can be different, and one the tunnel adopts short code, is beneficial to and catches; Long code is adopted on another road, is beneficial to the raising distance accuracy.Synthetic being modulated to again on the carrier wave behind the two paths of signals spread spectrum formed navigation communicating integral signal structure.
Another kind of scheme is to add relevant parameters such as the simplest navigator fix and pseudo-code measurement in the communication text, and the text of the modulation combination text that can be the communication text replace with navigator fix weak point text.The combination text carries out spread spectrum through the range finding pseudo-code earlier, is modulated on the carrier wave at last.The pseudo-code of communication section and the employing of navigator fix section can be identical, also can be different, and the navigator fix section adopts short code, be beneficial to fast and catch, and bootable communication section is followed the tracks of; The communication section pseudo-code adopts long code, and long code is beneficial to the raising distance accuracy, also has characteristics such as the decoding of being difficult for, good in anti-interference performance.Receiving end can utilize local pseudo-random code as ranging code, measures pseudorange and finishes navigator fix calculating.Because of in the combination text navigator fix information and the communication information being arranged, so have communication and navigator fix dual-use function.
The precision ranging section is finished in the tracking of integrated signal should adopt the wide-band spread spectrum system, or extra wide band spread spectrum system.Can obtain very high spreading gain like this.In integrated signals transmission, signal is embedded under the noise floor, has good interference free performance.
When multipath transmission, find range to the redundancy range finding, can improve distance accuracy.
In above-mentioned two kinds of schemes, preceding a kind of scheme is suitable for the more abundant transmission link of signal power (or carrier-to-noise ratio), and a kind of method in back is suitable for the not abundant transmission link of power (or carrier-to-noise ratio).
The present invention's communicating integral signal structure specific embodiments of navigating has two classes:
The first kind is that signal divides I branch road and Q branch road, two tributary signal quadratures, and wherein one the tunnel is signal of communication transmission branch road; Another road is a navigator fix signal transmission branch road, and the composite signal of two branch roads adopts direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) technology band spectrum modulation on carrier signal.So signal is during transmission:
Figure B2009100840338D0000051
Wherein, A cBe communication spreading code amplitude; C c(t) spreading code for communicating by letter; D c(t) be the communication information; f ScCarrier frequency for the communication information;
Figure B2009100840338D0000052
Be the communication carrier phase place; A pBe navigator fix spreading code amplitude; P (t) navigation is the location spreading code; D p(t) be navigator fix information; f SpBe navigator fix information carrier frequency;
Figure B2009100840338D0000053
Be the navigator fix carrier phase.
Fig. 1 is a first kind composite signal form.
In the communications branch road, mainly be to transmit the communication information.In navigator fix transmission branch road, mainly provide time signal, locating information and navigation message.Because of signal structure can provide range finding and navigator fix signal continuously and stably, so as the GPS positioning system, can provide real-time navigator fix continuously.
In this class signal structure, the spreading code of navigator fix transmission branch road adopts short code, and short code is beneficial to fast and catches; In another communications branch road, spread-spectrum pseudo code adopts long code, the spreading gain height of long code, distance accuracy height, antijamming capability strong.Long code is caught and can be guided by short code.
Spreading code in the navigator fix information branch road adopts short code, catches so soon, and it is also fast to recapture, and can play and catch and follow the tracks of dual-use function; And adopt wide-band spread spectrum communication system, spreading code to adopt long code on the communication leg, and the long code good confidentiality, the spreading gain height can play the effect of tracking and precision timing difference.After it was caught soon by the short code on the information branch road of easily catching is relevant, guiding realized precision tracking.
The second class signal transformat is
Figure B2009100840338D0000061
In the formula, A is the spreading code amplitude; P (t) is a spreading code; D (t) is the navigator fix or the communication information; f sBe carrier frequency;
Figure B2009100840338D0000062
Be phase place.
Fig. 2 is the second class composite signal form, and the second class signal structure, link have only a branch road, do not establish the quadrature branch signal, at this moment frequency spreading code division is two sections, and wherein leading portion is the section of catching, and the text on it has ID users, communication text length, temporal information and navigator fix relevant information; Back segment is for following the tracks of section, above main modulation communication text.Communication text length is divided two kinds of regular length and elongated degree.Adopting short code to be beneficial to soon in the section of catching catches; Following the tracks of section employing long code, be beneficial to the raising distance accuracy, be difficult for decoding, also have strong points such as antijamming capability is strong.
Second class is regardless of I branch road and Q branch road, and (or the I branch road is the same with Q tributary signal form), existing locating information has the communication information again on a branch road.Just timesharing transmits the navigator fix or the communication information.Its signal can be expressed as two sections, and one section is the navigator fix section, and one section is communication section.
This class signal is divided into two sections different signal structures, alternate transmission.The leading portion major function is to catch and transmit navigator fix for information about, also can claim the navigator fix section; Back segment mainly is transport communication information and realizes precise distance measurement.Catching by the leading portion guiding of back segment also can be recaptured by the auxiliary back segment of leading portion.
Above-mentioned two class signals also will be by the ability decision of system except will determining to adopt which kind of signal structure according to demand actually.That is to say, when the power in the transmission system (or carrier-to-noise ratio) is enough born the power requirement of I branch road and Q branch road, can adopt the transmission of first kind signal format; But limited and can not bear two branch roads the time, then can adopt single branch road transmission when the power in the transmission system (or carrier-to-noise ratio), promptly adopt the second class signal transformat.
The signal structure of a kind of navigation of the present invention and communicating integral is different from the signal transmission structure of having used in satellite communication system and the satellite navigation and location system.Except Content of Communication is arranged, also comprise the relevant information that navigator fix is required in text, the pseudo-random code that spread spectrum adopts is again a ranging code except that playing the spread spectrum effect simultaneously, can accurately survey pseudorange.The difference of it and signal of communication is to measure pseudorange, can location navigation; It is that with the different of navigator fix signal it has very strong communications ability.We can say that also it expands to the location of can finding range to semiotic function when keeping the signal of communication function.Perhaps we can say, in signal of communication, expanded the navigator fix ability, on the signal aspect, realized the signal structure of communication and navigator fix combination.

Claims (7)

1. the signal structure of navigation and communicating integral, its text comprises communication text waiting for transmission, locatees the relevant navigation information of required satellite rail position, time, coordinate, and the relevant parameter of VEC; It is characterized in that spreading code adopts m sequence code, chaos sequence sign indicating number or other pseudo-random codes, spreading code is again a ranging code, and the text of modulation is a navigation combinations of communication text; Wherein,
First kind of signal structure is: the simple navigation message of band spectrum modulation on the I branch road, and band spectrum modulation communication text on the Q branch road, two branch roads are quadrature branch; One branch road adopts short code, adopts low information rate, is beneficial to like this and catches; Another branch road adopts long code, is beneficial to the raising distance accuracy, and information rate can increase than I branch road, synthesizes behind the two paths of signals spread spectrum to be modulated on the carrier wave again;
Another kind of signal structure is: add the simplest parameter relevant with the pseudo-code measurement with navigator fix in the communication text, and the text of modulation is the combination text that the short text of communication text and navigator fix replaces;
The pseudo-code that communication section and navigator fix section adopt is identical or different, and the navigator fix section adopts short code, adopts low information rate transmission, be beneficial to fast like this and catch, and the directs communication section is followed the tracks of; The communication section pseudo-code adopts long code, and long code is beneficial to the raising distance accuracy, is difficult for decoding, good in anti-interference performance; Receiving end, is measured pseudorange and is finished navigator fix calculating as ranging code with spreading code; The combination text is modulated to earlier on the range finding pseudo-code, is modulated on the carrier wave at last; In the combination text navigator fix information text and communication information text are arranged, have communication and navigator fix dual-use function.
2. signal structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in described first kind of signal structure, the composite signal of I branch road and Q branch road adopts the direct sequence spread spectrum skill band spectrum modulation on carrier signal, and signal is during transmission:
Figure F2009100840338C0000011
Wherein, A cBe communication spreading code amplitude; C c(t) spreading code for communicating by letter; D c(t) be the communication information; f ScCarrier frequency for the communication information;
Figure F2009100840338C0000012
Be the communication carrier phase place; A pBe navigator fix spreading code amplitude; P (t) is the navigator fix spreading code; D p(t) be navigator fix information; f SpBe navigator fix information carrier frequency;
Figure F2009100840338C0000013
Be the navigator fix carrier phase.
3. signal structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described another kind of signal structure, the signal transformat is:
In the formula, A is the spreading code amplitude; P (t) is a spreading code; D (t) is the navigator fix and the communication information; f sBe carrier frequency;
Figure F2009100840338C0000021
Be phase place.
4. as claim 1 or 3 described signal structures, it is characterized in that, in the described another kind of signal structure, link has only a branch road, and frequency spreading code division is two sections, and one section is the navigator fix section, one section is communication section, wherein, leading portion is the section of catching, and the text on it has ID users, communication text length, temporal information and navigator fix relevant information; Back segment is for following the tracks of section, the modulation communication text, and communication text length is divided two kinds of regular length and elongated degree; Adopting short code to be beneficial to soon in the section of catching catches; Following the tracks of section employing long code, be beneficial to the raising distance accuracy, be difficult for decoding, antijamming capability is strong; Catching of back segment by the leading portion guiding, or assist back segment to recapture by leading portion;
Two sections different signal structures, alternate transmission.
5. signal structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, adopts which kind of signal structure, by the decision of the ability of system, when the power in the transmission system or carrier-to-noise ratio are enough born the transmission requirement of I branch road and Q branch road, adopts first kind of signal format to transmit; Limited and can not bear two branch road transmission requirements the time, then adopt single branch road transmission when the power in the transmission system or carrier-to-noise ratio, promptly adopt second kind of signal transformat.
6. signal structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described carrier wave is the carrier wave of VHF, UHF, L, S, C, Ku, Ka frequency range.
7. signal structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described carrier wave according to existing satellite resource, is C, S, L-band.
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Cited By (17)

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CN104237901A (en) * 2014-09-29 2014-12-24 上海交通大学 Satellite navigation and communication integrated method and system
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CN113556147A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-10-26 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Navigation and navigation combined satellite navigation signal scrambling method, device and system
CN114279444A (en) * 2021-12-02 2022-04-05 杭州北斗时空研究院 GNSS-like indoor navigation signal system design system
CN115776312A (en) * 2023-02-13 2023-03-10 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Satellite-ground high-precision microwave time-frequency transmission-oriented signal system design method
CN117538905A (en) * 2023-11-22 2024-02-09 湖南跨线桥航天科技有限公司 Satellite navigation system with strong anti-interference capability and design method of terminal

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Application publication date: 20101117