CN101887011B - Magnetic dichroism measuring instrument of magnetic liquid - Google Patents
Magnetic dichroism measuring instrument of magnetic liquid Download PDFInfo
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- CN101887011B CN101887011B CN2010102090907A CN201010209090A CN101887011B CN 101887011 B CN101887011 B CN 101887011B CN 2010102090907 A CN2010102090907 A CN 2010102090907A CN 201010209090 A CN201010209090 A CN 201010209090A CN 101887011 B CN101887011 B CN 101887011B
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- polarizer
- light
- magnetic
- photoelectric probe
- measuring instrument
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic dichroism measuring instrument of magnetic liquid. The measuring instrument mainly comprises a light source L, a beam splitter mirror C, a first polarizer A1, a second polarizer A2, a third polarizer A3, a lambda/4 wave plate B, a Helmholtz coil M, a detection sample S1, a reference sample S2, a first photoelectric probe D1, a second photoelectric probe D2, a differential amplifier H, a Helmholtz coil power supply E, and a computer control and data processing system PC. The measuring instrument directly measures relative transmission coefficients of e light of which the polarization direction is parallel with the direction of an external field or o light of which the polarization direction is vertical to the direction of the external field by adopting a principle of differential measurement, has the advantages of strong anti-interference capacity, high reliability and high sensibility, uses the existing mature technique for all critical components, and can satisfy the measurement of the magnetic dichroism of the magnetic liquid.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material science, Condensed Matter Physics experimental facilities field.Be specifically related to the dichroic measurement of magnetic of magnetic liquid.
Background technology
Magnetic liquid is a kind of liquid functional material.Adding under the action of a magnetic field; Magnetic liquid can become optical anisotropy from optical isotropy; So that magnetic dichroism effect occurs: under the action of a magnetic field, the polarization direction is perpendicular to the incident light (o light) of outer magnetic field direction, is parallel to the incident light (e light) of outer magnetic field direction with the polarization direction; Both absorb different phenomenons and are referred to as the magnet-wire dichroism, abbreviate the magnetic dichroism as.The magnetic liquid sample that is used for the measurement of magnetic dichroism is generally by two sheet glass folder pad and constitutes thin box, and magnetic liquid is packed into and formed magnetic fluid film therebetween.Because the absorption difference of magnetic liquid will cause transmission different, so the expression of the relation in available o light of the dichroic expression of magnetic and e optical transmission coefficient (seeing through the ratio of light intensity with the light intensity of incident light of film sample) and magnetic field.Yet the cleanliness of glass sheet can have a strong impact on absolute transmitted intensity.So the magnetic dichroism of magnetic liquid adopts the relative transmittance (also claiming normalized transmittance) of o light and e light and the relation in magnetic field to represent.Relative transmittance T is after the extra show, preceding transmissivity is also claimed the ratio of absolute transmissivity, promptly
I in the formula
0Be incident intensity, I
a, I
bAfter being respectively extra show, preceding transmitted intensity.Can know from following formula, after relative transmittance is extra show, the ratio of preceding transmitted intensity.
Usually the dichroic method for expressing of magnetic and the corresponding measuring method that adopt have two kinds:
(1) measures based on each transmission coefficient after extra show of o light (or e light), through the relatively expression magnetic dichroism of the transmission coefficient under the action of a magnetic field of o light and e light.Transmission coefficient in this method is absolute intensity in transmission and the ratio of incident intensity, maybe be bigger from the above error that can know that the cleanliness of glass sample box are brought.
(2) measuring the forward and backward absolute transmissivity of o (or e light) extra show respectively (is I
a/ I
0And I
b/ I
0), calculate relative transmittance then.Relative transmittance by o light and e light is represented the magnetic dichroism.In this method because of adopted same sample after extra show, the ratio of preceding absolute transmissivity, thereby eliminated the influence that absolute transmissivity error that glass sample box cleanliness cause is represented the magnetic dichroism.But in this method, because of
So need measure the forward and backward absolute transmissivity of extra show respectively comparatively bothers.
More than all can not avoid power-supply fluctuation, temperature fluctuation, light interference, magnetic interference and flashing to occur in two kinds of methods the influence of external interference to measuring.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is based on to reflecting the magnetic dichroism of magnetic liquid exactly; Answer the characteristics of the relative transmittance of reliable determination o light and e light; Adopt the principle of variate; Design constitutes the magnetic dichroism measuring instrument of magnetic liquid, is used for directly, accurately measuring the relative transmittance of the o light and the e light of magnetic liquid.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
The magnetic dichroism measuring instrument of magnetic liquid mainly comprises light source L, beam splitter C, the first polarizer A
1, the second polarizer A
2With the 3rd polarizer A
3, λ/4 wave plate B, Helmholtz coils M, test sample S
1, reference sample S
2, the first photoelectric probe D
1With the second photoelectric probe D
2, differential amplifier H, Helmholtz coils power supply E, computer control and data handling system PC.
Said beam splitter C is arranged at the place ahead of light source L emission light beam, and light source L emitted light beams is divided into the contrast light beam and detection light beam that light intensity equates;
The said first polarizer A
1, λ/4 wave plate B and the 3rd polarizer A
3Be set in turn in the place ahead of detecting light beam, the first polarizer A
1The angle of optical axis of shake thoroughly direction and λ/4 wave plate B be 45 °, detect light beam through the first polarizer A
1, and λ/4 wave plate B after become circularly polarized light, pass through A again
3Become linearly polarized light after the adjustment;
Said Helmholtz coils is arranged at the 3rd polarizer A
3The place ahead, its axis intersects vertically with detecting light beam, through adjusting the 3rd polarizer A
3The parallel axes of shake thoroughly direction and M or vertical, obtain o light or the polarization direction of polarization direction parallel magnetic field e light perpendicular to magnetic field;
Said test sample S
1Be arranged at the centre position in Helmholtz coils magnetic field, the first photoelectric probe D
1Be arranged at the measuring junction of Helmholtz coils M, the first photoelectric probe D
1The face of accepting vertical with the light path of measuring beam.
Detect light beam successively through the first polarizer A
1, λ/4 wave plate B, the 3rd polarizer A
3, Helmholtz coils M and test sample S
1The back gets into the first photoelectric probe D
1The first photoelectric probe D
1The output signal be I
c'.
The said second polarizer A
2Be arranged at the place ahead of contrast light beam, comparative sample S
2Be arranged at the second polarizer A
2The place ahead, the second photoelectric probe D
2Be arranged at comparative sample S
2The place ahead, the second photoelectric probe D
2The face of accepting with the contrast light beam light path vertical.The contrast light beam is successively through the second polarizer A
2, comparative sample S
2, the second photoelectric probe D
2The second photoelectric probe D
2The output signal be I
c
The said first photoelectric probe D
1With the second photoelectric probe D
2Output terminal be connected with the input end of differential amplifier H, and by differential amplifier to its output signal carry out differential amplification; The output terminal of differential amplifier H is connected with computer control and data handling system PC, and the output terminal of computer control and data handling system PC is connected with Helmholtz coils power supply E;
Said test sample S
1With reference sample S
2Manufacture craft consistent, physical dimension is consistent, physical property is identical.
The working method of this tester is following:
(1) detects light beam at first through the first polarizer A
1And λ/4 wave plate B (A
1The optical axis of shake thoroughly direction and B be fixed as 45 °) after become circularly polarized light, see through the 3rd polarizer A again
3Making it to become the polarization direction can vertical with the field or parallel with field linearly polarized light: A
3Shake thoroughly direction and Helmholtz coils parallel axes must arrive the linearly polarized light (o light) that the polarization direction is parallel to magnetic field; A
3Shake thoroughly direction and Helmholtz coils axis normal then obtain the linearly polarized light (e light) of polarization direction perpendicular to magnetic field.
(2) under null field, rotate the second polarizer A
2Can adjust I
cOr rotate the first polarizer A
1(annotate: A with λ/4 wave plate B
1With B must link constant with 45 ° of relative orientations guaranteeing both, thereby make the light beam that comes out by B be always circularly polarized light) can adjust I
c', the output signal (being proportional to Δ I) that makes differential amplifier H is zero, i.e. Δ I=I
c'-I
c=0.Then with I
c' passage is turned off, so be output as I from H
c(=I
c'), get into the computer PC record.
(3) add magnetic field after, the output signal of differential amplifier is Δ I=I '-I
c≠ 0.Because of T=I '/I
c'=I '/I
c=(I
c+ Δ I)/I
c=1+ Δ I/I
cSo by Δ I after the extra show and the I before the extra show
cCan obtain T=I '/I
c'.I ' and I
c' be, preceding transmittance intensity to be I after the sample extra show
a, I
b, its ratio I '/I
c' influence of sample box to transmittance intensity disappeared.
The present invention can directly measure e light or the polarization direction of the parallel outer magnetic field direction in the polarization direction relative transmission coefficient perpendicular to the o light of outer field direction.And when external interference f (i) appears in power-supply fluctuation, temperature fluctuation, light interference, magnetic interference and flashing, have:
ΔI＝(I′+f(i))-(I
c+f(i))＝I′-I
c
Be that two paths of signals fluctuates simultaneously, interference is suppressed, and has guaranteed relative transmittance T=I '/I
c=1+ Δ I/I
cAccurate measurement.
Therefore, the present invention have that antijamming capability is strong, good reliability, highly sensitive advantage.Its critical component all is to utilize existing mature technology, can satisfy the dichroic measurement of magnetic liquid magnetic.In this tester, at photoelectric probe D
1Before add a polarizer A
4Can carry out the measurement of magnetic birefringence effect.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this measuring instrument.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of this measuring instrument.
Among the figure: the L. light source uses the He-Ne laser instrument of wavelength as 632.8nm at present.
C.50% beam splitter.
A
1, A
2And A
3. be respectively first, second and the 3rd polarizer.
B. λ/4 wave plates.
M. Helmholtz coils (generation magnetic field).
S
1. test sample.
S
2. comparative sample.
D1 and D2. are respectively first and second photoelectric probe.
H. differential amplifier.
E. Helmholtz coils power supply.
PC. computer control and disposal system.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the structure and the principle of work of this tester are following:
Light source L (laser instrument) sends the light beam of the about 1mm of a beam diameter, behind 50% beam splitter C, is divided into the two-way polarized light that intensity equates, the one tunnel for detecting light path, and another road is the contrast light path.
The first polarizer A
1The angle of optical axis of shake thoroughly direction and λ/4 wave plate B be 45 °.Detect light through the first polarizer A
1And become circularly polarized light behind λ/4 wave plate B, again through the 3rd polarizer A
3Become linearly polarized light after the adjustment.Interlock A
1Can adjust the light intensity of being passed through with B.The axis that produces the Helmholtz coils M in magnetic field intersects vertically with the detection light path.Through adjusting the 3rd polarizer A
3The parallel axes of shake thoroughly direction and Helmholtz coils M or vertical, can obtain o light or the polarization direction of polarization direction parallel magnetic field e light perpendicular to magnetic field.Test sample S
1Be placed on the position at the center of Helmholtz coils M.Measuring junction at Helmholtz coils M is provided with the first photoelectric probe D
1, D
1The face of accepting vertical with light path.
The front end of contrast light path is the second polarizer A
2, adjustment A
2The whole light intensity of passing through of adjustable angle.End is the second photoelectric probe D
2, D
2The face of accepting vertical with light path.At the second polarizer A
2With the second photoelectric probe D
2Between place reference sample S
2The manufacture craft of sample and comparative sample is consistent, physical dimension is consistent, physical property is identical, can exchange.
When the measurement light path does not add magnetic field, adjust the second polarizer A
2Or interlock adjustment A
1And B
2Make it to see through reference sample S
2With test sample S
1Light signal strength be consistent, therefore the output signal at differential amplifier H is zero, turns off the signal that detects light path, the contrast optical path signal I of gained differential amplifier
cX is the detection optical path signal I of not extra show
c'.Can make Helmholtz coils produce the magnetic field of desirable strength through regulating the Helmholtz coils power supply, cause test sample S
1Physical change, the light signal of transmission test sample changes thereupon, just mutually an electric signal should be arranged at the output terminal of differential amplifier H.This signal is sent into computer control and data handling system PC, accomplishes measurement, demonstration, analysis, processing procedure automatically, provides accurate measurement result.
If at the first photoelectric probe D
1Before add the 4th polarizer A
4Also can carry out the magnetic birefringence effect measurement.
Claims (4)
1. the magnetic dichroism measuring instrument of a magnetic liquid, it is characterized in that: it comprises light source L, beam splitter C, the first polarizer A
1, the second polarizer A
2With the 3rd polarizer A
3, λ/4 wave plate B, Helmholtz coils M, test sample S
1, reference sample S
2, the first photoelectric probe D1 and the second photoelectric probe D
2, differential amplifier H, Helmholtz coils power supply E, computer control and data handling system PC;
Said beam splitter C is arranged at the place ahead of light source L emission light beam, and light source L emitted light beams is divided into the contrast light beam and detection light beam that light intensity equates;
The said first polarizer A
1, λ/4 wave plate B and the 3rd polarizer A
3Be set in turn in the place ahead of detecting light beam, the first polarizer A
1The angle of optical axis of shake thoroughly direction and λ/4 wave plate B be 45 °, detect light beam through the first polarizer A
1, and λ/4 wave plate B after become circularly polarized light, again through the 3rd polarizer A
3Become linearly polarized light after the adjustment;
Said Helmholtz coils M is arranged at the 3rd polarizer A
3The place ahead, its axis intersects vertically with detecting light beam, through adjusting the 3rd polarizer A
3The parallel axes of shake thoroughly direction and Helmholtz coils M or vertical, obtain o light or the polarization direction of polarization direction parallel magnetic field e light perpendicular to magnetic field;
Said test sample S
1Be arranged at the centre position in Helmholtz coils M magnetic field, the first photoelectric probe D
1Be arranged at the measuring junction of Helmholtz coils M, the first photoelectric probe D
1The face of accepting vertical with the light path of measuring beam;
The said second polarizer A
2Be arranged at the place ahead of contrast light beam, comparative sample S
2Be arranged at the second polarizer A
2The place ahead, the second photoelectric probe D
2Be arranged at comparative sample S
2The place ahead, the second photoelectric probe D
2The face of accepting with the contrast light beam light path vertical;
The said first photoelectric probe D
1With the second photoelectric probe D
2Output terminal be connected with the input end of differential amplifier H, and by differential amplifier to its output signal carry out differential amplification; The output terminal of differential amplifier H is connected with computer control and data handling system PC, and the output terminal of computer control and data handling system PC is connected with Helmholtz coils power supply E;
Said test sample S
1With reference sample S
2Manufacture craft consistent so that both physical dimensions are consistent, physical property is identical.
2. the magnetic dichroism measuring instrument of magnetic liquid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said light source L employing laser instrument.
3. the magnetic dichroism measuring instrument of magnetic liquid according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said beam splitter C adopts 50% beam splitter.
4. the magnetic dichroism measuring instrument of magnetic liquid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: at the first photoelectric probe D
1Before add the 4th polarizer A
4Can carry out the magnetic birefringence effect measurement.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102090907A CN101887011B (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2010-06-24 | Magnetic dichroism measuring instrument of magnetic liquid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102090907A CN101887011B (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2010-06-24 | Magnetic dichroism measuring instrument of magnetic liquid |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101887011A CN101887011A (en) | 2010-11-17 |
| CN101887011B true CN101887011B (en) | 2012-06-27 |
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ID=43073015
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102090907A Expired - Fee Related CN101887011B (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2010-06-24 | Magnetic dichroism measuring instrument of magnetic liquid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101887011B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103235410A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-08-07 | 上海大学 | Magnetofluid deformable mirror device |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3801204A (en) * | 1971-05-22 | 1974-04-02 | B Jennings | Apparatus for linear dichroism determination |
| DE2261874A1 (en) * | 1972-12-18 | 1974-06-20 | Siemens Ag | METHOD OF MEASURING THE CIRCULAR DICHROISM OF MAGNETIC SAMPLES |
| RU2005310C1 (en) * | 1990-11-12 | 1993-12-30 | Виктори Игоревна Дроздова | Device for determination of magnetic fields |
| CN1213775A (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 1999-04-14 | 华南理工大学 | Method of preparing magnetic liquid electron microscopic sample |
| WO2003029790A1 (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2003-04-10 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | High-throughput chiral detector and methods for using same |
| CN2653499Y (en) * | 2003-11-10 | 2004-11-03 | 西南师范大学 | Magnetic liquid magnetic light transmission change ratio detector |
-
2010
- 2010-06-24 CN CN2010102090907A patent/CN101887011B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3801204A (en) * | 1971-05-22 | 1974-04-02 | B Jennings | Apparatus for linear dichroism determination |
| DE2261874A1 (en) * | 1972-12-18 | 1974-06-20 | Siemens Ag | METHOD OF MEASURING THE CIRCULAR DICHROISM OF MAGNETIC SAMPLES |
| RU2005310C1 (en) * | 1990-11-12 | 1993-12-30 | Виктори Игоревна Дроздова | Device for determination of magnetic fields |
| CN1213775A (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 1999-04-14 | 华南理工大学 | Method of preparing magnetic liquid electron microscopic sample |
| WO2003029790A1 (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2003-04-10 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | High-throughput chiral detector and methods for using same |
| CN2653499Y (en) * | 2003-11-10 | 2004-11-03 | 西南师范大学 | Magnetic liquid magnetic light transmission change ratio detector |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 卜胜利,刘明.二向色性对磁性液体波片性能的影响.《苏州科技学院学报（自然科学版）》.2009,第26卷(第2期),30-33. * |
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|---|---|
| CN101887011A (en) | 2010-11-17 |
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