CN101886904B - Slope rill erosion measurer - Google Patents
Slope rill erosion measurer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101886904B CN101886904B CN2010102019485A CN201010201948A CN101886904B CN 101886904 B CN101886904 B CN 101886904B CN 2010102019485 A CN2010102019485 A CN 2010102019485A CN 201010201948 A CN201010201948 A CN 201010201948A CN 101886904 B CN101886904 B CN 101886904B
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- rill erosion
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Abstract
The invention discloses a slope rill erosion measurer which is characterized in that a transverse beam which can slide up and down is connected with a metal framework; one end of a measuring needle is provided with a screw cap, and the other end of the measuring needle passes through the transverse beam and then extends out of the framework; the upper end of the framework is provided with a level instrument and a transverse scale, and the lower end of the framework is connected with two fixed borers which can be inserted into a slope; one side of the framework is provided with a vertical scale and an angle gauge, and the other side of the framework is connected with two positioning bolts; and the slope rill erosion measurer can be connected with another measurer in parallel for use. When the measurer is vertically inserted into the slope, the measuring needle is used for measuring the amount of rill erosion of soil of the slope, and the angle gauge is used for measuring the gradient of the slope. The slope rill erosion measurer is suitable for measuring the amount of slope rill erosion in field soil, has the advantages of simple operation and convenient carrying, and can be assembled and disassembled on the spot; a digital photographic technology can be used for quickly recording the measured data, thereby improving the measuring accuracy; and the data processing at the later stage is relatively simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measurement mechanism of domatic soil face erosion of a kind of soil property exposed or that have the face of land to cover and rill erosion amount, relating in particular to a kind of is the measuring appliance that can measure the domatic gradient and slope rill erosion amount.
Background technology
At present; The device of measurement slope soil erosion amount commonly used mainly contains three types: the first kind is to survey chi and landform chaining pin plate; The former is bottom of trench and ditch top width degree, a ditch depth of measuring the rill different parts with rule; Calculate the rill erosion amount by trapezoidal cross-section, the latter is a height value of utilizing the papery coordinate system record rill section on the chaining pin board, and the three-dimensional stereo model that utilizes WindowsSurfer software to generate rill calculates soil erosion amount simultaneously; Second type is GPS, utilizes the GPS-RTK real time dynamic measurement, uses the spatial distribution model that ArcGIS software generates domatic rill erosion form, calculates the rill erosion amount; The 3rd type is the three-dimensional laser topography scanners, uses laser scanner technique landform is measured, and utilizes instrument related software and ArcGIS software to generate domatic DEM model, thereby draws the rill erosion amount.
In the above-mentioned prior art; First kind instrumentation is easy, is easy to grasp, and still exists measuring accuracy not high or time-consuming than problems such as long easy disturbance face of land influence mensuration results in the application in monitoring; And landform chaining pin plate is used for indoor soil erosion simulation test more, and usable range is limited; Though the second quasi-instrument measuring accuracy increases, the domatic mima type microrelief of the resolution measurement of GPS changes still to exist limits to, and the data amount of obtaining is big, Measuring Time is longer, and late time data is handled comparatively loaded down with trivial details; The 3rd quasi-instrument with preceding two types to compare precision the highest, and can reflect the rill erosion form intuitively, but instrument costs an arm and a leg, the reference mark is provided with trouble, and operative technique is difficult to grasp, in real work, be difficult to obtain promote.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of slope rill erosion measurer; This instrument be applicable to open-air soil property slope rill erosion amount measurement, simple to operate, easy to carry, can assembled on site dismounting; Can adopt digital photographic technology fast recording measurement data; Thereby measuring accuracy is improved, and the data processing in later stage is also comparatively simple.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
Slope rill erosion measurer of the present invention comprises framework, and said framework comprises bottom girder, back timber, and the two ends of said bottom girder and back timber are connected through column respectively, and chaining pin, spirit-leveling instrument, scale, fixedly pricker and protractor are housed on the said framework;
Said framework is provided with sliding beam, and the two ends of said sliding beam are stuck on the column of said framework both sides through clamp respectively, can slide up and down along said column, and said clamp is provided with lock screw;
Said sliding beam is passed in the upper end of said chaining pin, and the upper end of said chaining pin is provided with the retaining head, and the lower end is inserted in the underbeam of said framework and passes downwards.
Technical scheme by the invention described above provides can be found out; Slope rill erosion measurer of the present invention, because framework is provided with sliding beam, the two ends of sliding beam are stuck on the column of framework both sides through clamp respectively; Can slide up and down along column, clamp is provided with lock screw; Sliding beam is passed in the upper end of chaining pin, and the upper end of chaining pin is provided with the retaining head, and the lower end is inserted in the underbeam of framework and passes downwards.When the vertical insertion of measuring appliance is domatic, utilize chaining pin to measure domatic soil rill erosion amount, the utilization hornwork is measured the domatic gradient.Be applicable to open-air soil property slope rill erosion amount measurement, simple to operate, easy to carry, can assembled on site dismounting, can adopt digital photographic technology fast recording measurement data, thereby measuring accuracy is improved, and the data processing in later stage is also comparatively simple.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the Facad structure synoptic diagram of slope rill erosion measurer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the A of Fig. 1 is to structural representation;
Fig. 3 is the front elevation that the present invention measures domatic rill erosion specific embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the side view that the present invention measures gradient embodiment.
Among the figure: a. aluminum alloy frame, b. is pricker fixedly, c. sliding beam, d. clamp, e. parbuckle screw, f. chaining pin, g. nut, the horizontal scale of h., i. spirit-leveling instrument, the vertical scale of j., k. protractor, l. bolt, m. pointer, n. screw.
Embodiment
Slope rill erosion measurer of the present invention, the embodiment that it is preferable such as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2:
Comprise framework, said framework comprises bottom girder, back timber, and the two ends of said bottom girder and back timber are connected through column respectively, and chaining pin, spirit-leveling instrument, scale, fixedly pricker and protractor are housed on the said framework;
Said framework is provided with sliding beam, and the two ends of said sliding beam are stuck on the column of said framework both sides through clamp respectively, can slide up and down along said column, and said clamp is provided with lock screw;
Said sliding beam is passed in the upper end of said chaining pin, and the upper end of said chaining pin is provided with the retaining head, and the lower end is inserted in the underbeam of said framework and passes downwards.
The retaining head of said chaining pin upper end can be nut.
Said scale can comprise the horizontal scale that is loaded on the said back timber and be loaded on the vertical scale on the said column.
Said protractor can be fixed on said frame facet, and the pointer that an ability is freely rotated and freedom is sagging is housed on the shaft core position of said protractor.
The two ends of said base of frame are respectively equipped with two fixedly prickers, and said fixedly pricker is connected through screw with framework.
Said frame facet can be provided with bolt, is used for being connected with another slope rill erosion measurer use.
Said framework can be aluminum alloy frame or other metal framework.
The present invention has overcome existing the erosion caused by sloping surfaces surveying instrument and the actual result deviation is big, range of application is little, instrument cost is high and the deficiency of the difficult grasp of manipulation technology; Be applicable to the measurement of open-air soil property slope rill erosion amount, simple to operate, easy to carry; Can assembled on site dismantle; Adopt digital photographic technology fast recording measurement data, thereby measuring accuracy is improved, and the data processing in later stage is also comparatively simple.
The principles of science of foundation of the present invention:
Because precipitation compiles, forms the rainwash that disperses on domatic, under the effect of domatic landform, the runoff of dispersion converges into plume gradually, washes away topsoil, thereby formation varies in size on domatic, deep mixed tiny raceway groove, i.e. rill erosion.Through measuring width, the degree of depth of erosion groove, calculate the volume of erosion groove, can obtain domatic rill erosion amount according to the soil weight again.
The present invention selects the main body of aluminum alloy frame as measuring appliance for use; Be connected with a crossbeam that can easy on and off slides on the framework; The crossbeam two ends have clamp and parbuckle screw; Framework and crossbeam play fixedly chaining pin, chaining pin is installed on base of frame and crossbeam, is whenever beaten the hole that diameter is 5mm at a distance from 5cm before.Chaining pin is selected long 50cm for use, and diameter is the copper chaining pin of 5mm, and its quality is hard, not yielding, and material is lighter, can prevent when measuring slope rill erosion, and chaining pin increases error owing to conducting oneself with dignity to insert in the soil.Chaining pin one end has nut, and the other end passes crossbeam and inserts base of frame, through the parbuckle screw on the turn crossbeam regulate its on framework the position and control the use of chaining pin.During measurement, at first two terminal screws are unscrewed, be pushed into proper height to crossbeam and the screw of screwing, make chaining pin stretch out framework, measure the fracture morphology of erosion groove through the height of chaining pin insertion the erosion caused by sloping surfaces ditch; After measuring end, crossbeam is pushed into frame roof and the screw of screwing, makes chaining pin be recovered to the framework the inside.Frame roof is equipped with spirit-leveling instrument and horizontal rule, comes whether level of checking measurements device through the bubble position in the spirit-leveling instrument, and instrument was level when bubble was placed in the middle, and laterally rule is used for measuring the width of erosion groove; The two ends, bottom are connected with fixedly pricker, make the measuring appliance can be firm on domatic, and the stability when guaranteeing record data is avoided because of artificial interference causes error, and fixedly pricker is connected with screw with framework, can dismantle; Frame facet is equipped with protractor, vertical rule and bolt; Protractor is used for measuring the domatic gradient, and when the vertical insertion of measuring appliance was domatic, the protractor pointer was the gradient with the last 90 ° of angles that scale mark became of dish; Whether simultaneously also can be used to check chaining pin to insert when domatic vertical; When 90 ° of scale marks of pointed, chaining pin is vertical, has avoided measuring error.Vertical rule writes down the exposure length of chaining pin when measuring ditch depth, obtain the degree of depth of erosion groove.Bolt can guarantee that measuring appliance connects into an integral body to the use of contacting of two or more measuring appliances, and measuring appliance can make up fractionation at the scene, selects single or a plurality of measuring appliances and usefulness according to domatic width, and is convenient and time-saving, enlarged usable range.During record data, utilize digital camera to take pictures from positive face measuring appliance, shooting angle is vertical with measuring appliance; Avoid recording error; Use the physical length of chaining pin exposure in graph and image processing software AutoCAD or the Photoshop comparison film to judge afterwards,, calculate the corresponding physical length of chaining pin exposure length in the photo according to vertical length of the scale and physical length ratio in the photo; Thereby improve the speed of data recording, the efficient of measuring accuracy and fieldwork is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows; Easy to carry in the open air, dismounting is easy, simple to operate, be easy to grasp, and can measure the domatic gradient and slope rill erosion amount apace, employing digital photographic technology record data; Accelerate survey record speed, thereby improved measuring accuracy and work efficiency.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and instance the present invention is further specified.
Form by aluminum alloy frame, chaining pin, spirit-leveling instrument, scale, protractor, bolt six parts.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2; Aluminum alloy frame (a) is the main body of slope rill erosion measurer, and fixedly pricker (b) is connected with its bottom through fixed screw (n), inserts the domatic measuring appliance that makes and fixes; Sliding beam (c) two ends have clamp (d); Be enclosed within on the aluminum alloy frame (a) and can slide up and down,, can make sliding beam any stationkeeping on framework through regulating top parbuckle screw (e).Chaining pin (f) upper end is connected with nut (g), and insert in the framework after passing sliding beam the lower end.The framework upper end is connected with horizontal rule (h) and spirit-leveling instrument (i), and the left side is connected with protractor (k) and vertical rule (j), and the protractor centre bit is equipped with a pointer that rotates freely (m).Frame right has two bolts (l), can connect another measuring appliance.
Fig. 3, embodiment illustrated in fig. 4 in; At first indicate the measurement section on domatic with tape measure; Measure one by one by section, two measuring appliances link together through two bolts (l) of framework (a) side, during use fixedly pricker (b) insert domatic; Travelling frame makes the bubble of upper end spirit-leveling instrument (i) placed in the middle, and instrument is level.During measurement; Regulate the parbuckle screw (e) on sliding beam (c) two ends; Make crossbeam be fixed on framework (a) and go up and be in same horizontal level, in chaining pin (f) free-falling to the domatic rill, write down the width and the degree of depth of every rill through horizontal scale (h) and vertical scale (j); Also can utilize digital camera to take pictures, the record result.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, fixedly pricker (b) vertically inserts domaticly, makes its bottom with domatic parallel, and pointer (m) on framework (a) the side protractor (k) freedom is sagging, and 90 ° of angle that scale mark became are the domatic gradient on pointer (m) and the protractor.
The above; Be merely the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any technician who is familiar with the present technique field is in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; The variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a slope rill erosion measurer comprises framework, and said framework comprises bottom girder, back timber, and the two ends of said bottom girder and back timber are connected through column respectively, it is characterized in that: chaining pin, spirit-leveling instrument, scale, fixedly pricker and protractor are housed on the said framework;
Said framework is provided with sliding beam, and the two ends of said sliding beam are stuck on the column of said framework both sides through clamp respectively, can slide up and down along said column, and said clamp is provided with lock screw;
Said sliding beam is passed in the upper end of said chaining pin, and the upper end of said chaining pin is provided with the retaining head, and the lower end is inserted in the underbeam of said framework and passes downwards;
Said protractor is fixed on said frame facet, and the pointer that an ability is freely rotated and freedom is sagging is housed on the shaft core position of said protractor;
Said protractor is used for measuring the domatic gradient, and whether also be used for checking chaining pin to insert when domatic vertical.
2. slope rill erosion measurer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the retaining head of said chaining pin upper end is a nut.
3. slope rill erosion measurer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: said scale comprises the horizontal scale that is loaded on the said back timber and is loaded on the vertical scale on the said column.
4. slope rill erosion measurer according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the two ends of said base of frame are respectively equipped with two fixedly prickers, and said fixedly pricker is connected through screw with framework.
5. slope rill erosion measurer according to claim 4 is characterized in that: said frame facet is provided with bolt, is used for being connected with another slope rill erosion measurer use.
6. according to each described slope rill erosion measurer of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: said framework is an aluminum alloy frame.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102019485A CN101886904B (en) | 2010-06-10 | 2010-06-10 | Slope rill erosion measurer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102019485A CN101886904B (en) | 2010-06-10 | 2010-06-10 | Slope rill erosion measurer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101886904A CN101886904A (en) | 2010-11-17 |
| CN101886904B true CN101886904B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2010102019485A Expired - Fee Related CN101886904B (en) | 2010-06-10 | 2010-06-10 | Slope rill erosion measurer |
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| CN103063168B (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2016-05-04 | 中国科学院对地观测与数字地球科学中心 | Roughness of ground surface parameter measuring apparatus and method |
| CN102565301B (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2014-11-26 | 北京北林绿源生态技术研究院有限责任公司 | Quick monitoring method for soil erosion rate |
| RU2543813C1 (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2015-03-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Чувашская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия" | Device for profiling soil surface and determining direction of flow of atmospheric precipitations in field |
| CN105783822B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2018-07-13 | 河海大学 | Reinforcement ecological revetment water erosion measuring instrument |
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| CN106568416A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-04-19 | 贵州大学 | Cultivation slope surface relative measurement elevation device and corresponding DEM establishing method |
| CN107167066A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-09-15 | 中冶建工集团有限公司 | Degree of plainness for wall surface measuring scale |
| CN109458993B (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2021-04-20 | 大连理工大学 | Landform instrument host based on integrated mainboard |
| CN110470280A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-19 | 杨志豪 | A kind of combined type river transvers section measuring device |
| CN112526106A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-19 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Terrain measuring probe device and method for rapidly measuring slope soil erosion amount |
| CN112729153A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-30 | 广州辰创科技发展有限公司 | Cambered surface edge detection device and detection method for full-face screen |
| CN114791485A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-07-26 | 贵州师范大学 | Assembled dual-purpose rock desertification surface soil erosion monitoring needle and method |
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| US5243850A (en) * | 1990-04-11 | 1993-09-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Soil erodibility testing |
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2010
- 2010-06-10 CN CN2010102019485A patent/CN101886904B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5243850A (en) * | 1990-04-11 | 1993-09-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Soil erodibility testing |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| CN101886904A (en) | 2010-11-17 |
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