CN101885472A - Circulating fluidized bed reactor for preparing hydrogen by gasifying biomass - Google Patents
Circulating fluidized bed reactor for preparing hydrogen by gasifying biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN101885472A CN101885472A CN 201010212527 CN201010212527A CN101885472A CN 101885472 A CN101885472 A CN 101885472A CN 201010212527 CN201010212527 CN 201010212527 CN 201010212527 A CN201010212527 A CN 201010212527A CN 101885472 A CN101885472 A CN 101885472A
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Abstract
The invention provides a circulating fluidized bed reactor for preparing hydrogen by gasifying biomass. The reactor comprises a reactor shell, a cyclone dust collector and a material returning device, wherein the reactor shell consists of a reactor upper shell, a cylindrical furnace lining and a reactor lower shell, the top part of the reactor upper shell is connected with the cyclone dust collector, the lower end of the reactor upper shell is provided with a biomass charging port, and the bottom part of reactor upper shell is muff coupled with the cylindrical furnace lining; an induction heating device is suspended in the cylindrical furnace lining, and an electric induction coil is wound outside the cylindrical furnace lining and connected with a heating power supply; the bottom part of the cylindrical furnace lining is muff coupled with the reactor lower shell, air distributors are arranged in the reactor lower shell, the bottom part of the reactor lower shell is provided with a vapor charging port, and a material returning port is arranged above the air distributors; and the bottom part of the cyclone dust collector is connected with the material returning device, the material returning device is connected with the material returning port, and the bottom part of the material returning device is provided with a material returning vapor charging port. The circulating fluidized bed reactor has the advantages of uniform heating, energy conservation and environmental protection, continuous operation, simple structure and the like, and can produce the hydrogen-enriched synthetic gas by pyrolysis of biomass materials such as stalks, rice hulls and sawdust.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of renewable energy technology, relate to a kind of biomass-making hydrogen reactor, particularly a kind of circulating fluid bed reactor that utilizes biomass to produce hydrogen-rich synthetic gas.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, and biomass resource is very abundant, traditional treatment process (cooking with, open-air burn, the open-air accumulation) not only cause the poor efficiency utilization of biomass resource, also polluted environment simultaneously.The rural area abundant renewable resources---the deep development and the utilization of biomass energies such as stalk, rice husk, sawdust are the inexorable trends of future source of energy industry development, also be the only way which must be passed that promotes social sustainable development.
It is one of effective ways of biomass energy development and utilization that gasifying biomass is produced combustion gas (hydrogen-rich synthetic gas).When gasifying biomass is produced hydrogen-rich synthetic gas, can select oxygen, air or water vapour as vaporized chemical.With air during as vaporized chemical, part biological matter and airborne oxygen generation oxidizing reaction, emit heat, for the thermolysis and the reduction process of another part biomass provides required reaction heat, whole gasification is with from heat-supplying mode operation, but owing to contain 79% the nitrogen of having an appointment in the air, it is not participated in gasification reaction and has but diluted the content of hydrogen in the combustion gas, a nitrogen content is up to about 50% in the synthetic gas that obtains, and hydrogen content is low.With water vapour during as vaporized chemical, hydrogen content height in the synthetic gas that makes, other can be converted to the inflammable gas of hydrogen (as CO, CH by steam reforming reaction
4Deng) content also be higher than the situation of air as vaporized chemical, what mainly carry out in gasifying reactor is pyrolysis of the transformationreation of reduction reaction, CO and the water vapour of water vapour and charcoal, various methanation reaction and biomass etc., and its principal reaction all is thermo-negative reaction; For promoting reaction forward to carry out, need heating unit be installed in reactor, provide reaction required reaction heat.At present common type of heating mostly is traditional resistance wire external heating mode, and its shortcoming is to heat up repeatedly easily to cause the resistance wire brittle failure, reduces heating unit work-ing life, and the heating-up time is long, and heating efficiency is low.
The Chinese patent application that application number is 200710022295.2, name is called " double-fixing-bed biological matter reactor system of heat pipe supplying heat " discloses a kind of double-fixing-bed biological matter reactor of heat pipe supplying heat, this reactor with two fixed beds as gasifying reactor or reaction chamber, with the working medium of sealing in the heat pipe as thermal barrier, provide the reaction of biomass and water vapour generating gasification required reaction heat indirectly, but this apparatus structure complexity, particularly sealing requirements is higher, then influences the entire system operation if indivedual heat pipe parts take place to leak.
Application number is 200910116483.0, the Chinese patent application that name is called " internal combustion heating rotation conical biomass gasification furnace " discloses a kind of rotation conical biomass gasifying reactor, form jointly by inside and outside two concentric awls, inner cone is motionless, outer cone pivots, its internal bearings that supports outrigger shaft must work long hours under high temperature and high dust operating mode, this in addition reactor needs inert heat carriers such as sand two cone intercropping geneva motions, wearing and tearing to high-temperature wall surface are quite serious, so it has complex structure, the cost height, deficiencies such as work-ing life is short.
Induction heating is the technology of a kind of contactless selection electric conduction of heating, magnetically permeable material, and it utilizes the method for electromagnetic induction to make material-to-be-heated inside produce electric current, relies on the energy of these eddy current to reach heating purposes.Induction heating technique is widely used in heating of metal material in the metallurgical industry, as fusing, smelting, thermal treatment, welding and the repairing etc. of metal, has fast, the advantages such as loss is extremely low, environmental protection of easy temperature control system, rate of heating.Circulating fluidized bed technique is efficient, the low clean burning technology of polluting of a new generation that grows up in the world in recent years, and the present invention proposes a kind of new biomass gasification reaction device based on induction heating and circulating fluidized bed technique.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the deficiency that overcomes existing biomass gasification reaction device, design a kind of circulating fluidized bed biomass gasifying hydrogen making reactor that adopts induction heating, neither need thermal barrier when this reactor provides reaction heat, also do not contain moving parts, operation continuously, homogeneous heating, energy-conserving and environment-protective, simple in structure, easy to operate, can carry out pyrolytic gasification to biomass materials such as stalk, rice husk, sawdusts, produce hydrogen-rich synthetic gas.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of circulating fluidized bed reactor for preparing hydrogen by gasifying biomass, comprise reactor shell, tornado dust collector 10 and material-returning device 11, described reactor shell is made up of reactor upper housing 1, tubular furnace lining 3 and reactor lower housing 6, reactor upper housing 1 top links to each other with tornado dust collector 10, the lower end is provided with biomass feed inlet 2, bottom and 3 sockets of tubular furnace lining; The induction heating spare 14 that suspends in the tubular furnace lining 3, electro-induction coil 5 is wound on tubular furnace lining 3 outsides, and electro-induction coil 5 is connected with induction heating power 4; Tubular furnace lining 3 bottoms and 6 sockets of reactor lower housing, reactor lower housing 6 inside are provided with air distribution plate 7, and the bottom is provided with steam steam inlet 8, and air distribution plate 7 tops are provided with returning charge mouth 13; Described tornado dust collector 10 bottoms connect material-returning device 11, and the returning charge mouth 13 of material-returning device 11 and reactor lower housing 6 links to each other, and material-returning device 11 bottoms are provided with returning charge steam steam inlet 12.
Described electro-induction coil 5 is cooling passage for being wound at least one circle hollow copper tubing on the tubular furnace lining 3 in the pipe, the high temperature resistant electrical insulation tape of hollow copper tubing outer wrap.
Described induction heating power 4 is thyristor intermediate frequency electric source or intermediate frequency IGBT power supply.
Described induction heating spare 14 is the metal alloy cylinder, vertically is suspended in the tubular furnace lining 3; The preferred lower end of described cylinder right cylinder coning.Described induction heating spare 14 can adopt existing high temperature resistant, magnetic diffusivity and the good high temperature alloy of thermal conductivity, makes as chromium Nb-Al alloy, ferronickel Ohmax or Cr28Ni20MoW high temperature steel.
Described tubular furnace lining 3 is made by silicon carbide material or corundum material.
The present invention compared with prior art has following outstanding advantage and positively effect:
Biomass gasifying hydrogen making reactor of the present invention adopts the circulating fluidized bed design, has that adaptability to raw material is wide, production intensity is high, gas heating value is than advantages such as fixed-bed gasification furnace height, load performance are strong.Adopt high-temperature steam as vaporized chemical, the hydrogen in the product gas and can all be higher than the situation of air of using by the gas content that steam reforming process is converted to hydrogen as vaporized chemical; Induction heating spare carries out direct heating to the biological material of fluidized state internally, and all biological materials all have an opportunity to contact with induction heating spare and be heated, and have strengthened the being heated evenly property of biological material; By adjusting induction heating power power, but realization response device internal reaction temperature is accurately controlled and then the composition of control pyrolysis product gas; Adopt the good high temperature alloy material of high temperature resistant, magnetic diffusivity and thermal conductivity as induction heating spare, heat-up rate is fast, helps accumulation of heat and heat transfer; Compare with traditional resistance wire external heating mode, power consumption can reduce by 40%～80%.Advantages such as in a word, biomass gasifying hydrogen making reactor of the present invention has adaptability to raw material widely, can utilize abundant various biomass resources to produce hydrogen-rich synthetic gas, has energy-conserving and environment-protective simultaneously, and is simple in structure, easy to operate.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the present invention by specific embodiment, protection scope of the present invention is not exceeded with embodiment, but is limited by claim.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 represents circulating fluidized bed reactor for preparing hydrogen by gasifying biomass structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 represents induction heating device structural representation in the circulating fluid bed reactor of the present invention;
Fig. 3 represents the sectional view of induction heating device in the circulating fluid bed reactor of the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of circulating fluidized bed reactor for preparing hydrogen by gasifying biomass, as shown in Figure 1, comprise reactor shell, tornado dust collector 10 and material-returning device 11, reactor shell is made up of reactor upper housing 1, tubular furnace lining 3 and reactor lower housing 6, reactor upper housing 1 top one side links to each other with tornado dust collector 10, the opposite side lower end is provided with biomass feed inlet 2, and bottom and tubular furnace lining 3 socket-connect; The induction heating spare 14 that suspends in the tubular furnace lining 3, electro-induction coil 5 is wound on tubular furnace lining 3 outsides, and electro-induction coil 5 two ends are drawn with induction heating power 4 and are connected; Tubular furnace lining 3 bottoms and reactor lower housing 6 socket-connect, and reactor lower housing 6 inside are provided with air distribution plate 7, and the bottom is provided with steam steam inlet 8, and air distribution plate 7 tops are provided with returning charge mouth 13.Material-returning device 11 be positioned at tornado dust collector 10 under, link to each other with the bottom of tornado dust collector 10 and the returning charge mouth 13 of reactor lower housing 6 respectively.
Induction heating power 4 can adopt currently available products, as adopting intermediate frequency thyristor supply or intermediate frequency IGBT power supply for electro-induction coil 5 provides exchange current, makes the induction heating spare 14 inner current vortexs that produce, and the surface is warming up to 800～1000 ℃.
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, electro-induction coil 5 is for being wound on the hollow copper tubing on the tubular furnace lining 3, can be a circle or a few, is cooling passage in the hollow copper tubing pipe, the high temperature resistant electrical insulation tape of outer wrap.Induction heating spare 14 is by tolerating a plurality of right cylinders that 1500 ℃ of high temperature materials such as pyritous speciality chromium Nb-Al alloy, ferronickel Ohmax or Cr28Ni20MoW high temperature steel are made, vertically be suspended in the tubular furnace lining 3, the lower end is designed to taper shape, influence on flow field when reducing it to the biomass materials flow.Tubular furnace lining 3 is made by silicon carbide material or corundum material.
Described circulating fluidized bed reactor for preparing hydrogen by gasifying biomass is used for gasifying biomass when producing hydrogen-rich synthetic gas, biological material is advanced by the spiral apparatus for feeding goes into reactor upper housing 1 through biomass feed inlet 2, under action of gravity, to 6 sedimentations of reactor lower housing, high-temperature steam enters reactor by the steam steam inlet 8 of reactor lower housing 6 bottoms, regulate through air distribution plate 7, make the biomass materials flowization and fully contact with induction heating spare 14, induction heating power 4 provides exchange current for electro-induction coil 5, the alternating magnetic field that produces in the electro-induction coil 5 makes the induction heating spare 14 inner eddy current that form, the surface is warmed up to 800～1000 ℃, for biomass and high-temperature vapor generation pyrolytic reaction provide required reaction heat, the pyrogenous origin H that contains
2, CO, CH
4, CO
2Hydrogen-rich synthetic gas in pyrolysis product gas is drawn from tornado dust collector 10 upper end hydrogen-rich synthetic gas outlets 9 after tornado dust collector 10 purify, unreacted biological material is held back the back sedimentation by tornado dust collector 10 and is gone into material-returning device 11, through delivery of steam from returning charge steam steam inlet 12, returning charge mouth 13 on reactor lower housing 6 enters in the reactor once more, participates in pyrolytic reaction.Make reactor temperature maintain 800～1000 ℃ by the power of adjusting induction heating power 4, sense of control is answered the surface temperature of heating member 14, the accurate control of realization response device internal reaction temperature.
Claims (7)
1. circulating fluidized bed reactor for preparing hydrogen by gasifying biomass, comprise reactor shell, tornado dust collector (10) and material-returning device (11), it is characterized in that: described reactor shell is made up of reactor upper housing (1), tubular furnace lining (3) and reactor lower housing (6), reactor upper housing (1) top links to each other with tornado dust collector (10), the lower end is provided with biomass feed inlet (2), bottom and tubular furnace lining (3) socket; The induction heating spare (14) that suspends in the tubular furnace lining (3), electro-induction coil (5) is wound on tubular furnace lining (3) outside, and electro-induction coil (5) is connected with induction heating power (4); Tubular furnace lining (3) bottom and reactor lower housing (6) socket, reactor lower housing (6) inside is provided with air distribution plate (7), and the bottom is provided with steam steam inlet (8), and air distribution plate (7) top is provided with returning charge mouth (13); Described tornado dust collector (10) bottom connects material-returning device (11), and the returning charge mouth (13) of material-returning device (11) and reactor lower housing (6) links to each other, and material-returning device (11) bottom is provided with returning charge steam steam inlet (12).
2. circulating fluidized bed reactor for preparing hydrogen by gasifying biomass according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electro-induction coil (5) is for being wound at least one circle hollow copper tubing on the tubular furnace lining (3), in the pipe is cooling passage, the high temperature resistant electrical insulation tape of hollow copper tubing outer wrap.
3. circulating fluidized bed reactor for preparing hydrogen by gasifying biomass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described induction heating power (4) is thyristor intermediate frequency electric source or intermediate frequency IGBT power supply.
4. circulating fluidized bed reactor for preparing hydrogen by gasifying biomass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described induction heating spare (14) is for vertically being suspended at least one the metal alloy cylinder in the tubular furnace lining (3).
5. circulating fluidized bed reactor for preparing hydrogen by gasifying biomass according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described metal alloy cylinder is a lower end right cylinder coning.
6. according to claim 1,4 or 5 described circulating fluidized bed reactor for preparing hydrogen by gasifying biomass, it is characterized in that: described induction heating spare (14) is made by chromium Nb-Al alloy, ferronickel Ohmax or Cr28Ni20MoW high temperature steel.
7. circulating fluidized bed reactor for preparing hydrogen by gasifying biomass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described tubular furnace lining (3) is made by silicon carbide material or corundum material.
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| CN 201010212527 CN101885472A (en) | 2010-06-29 | 2010-06-29 | Circulating fluidized bed reactor for preparing hydrogen by gasifying biomass |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103011072A (en) * | 2012-12-16 | 2013-04-03 | 天津大学 | Method and device for preparing high-purity hydrogen from biomass |
| CN103205540A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-07-17 | 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 | Biomass gas aluminium alloy annealing system |
| CN103756727A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-04-30 | 刘平清 | Novel method for producing synthesis gas without generating carbon emission |
| CN114558537A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-05-31 | 哈工大(北京)工业技术创新研究院有限公司 | Niobium-based alloy preparation device for byproduct hydrogen production |
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| CN2325395Y (en) * | 1997-12-29 | 1999-06-23 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Circulation fluidized bed type bio-mass gasifying equipment |
| CN101020833A (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2007-08-22 | 东北电力大学 | Electromagnetically inducing biomass pyrolyzing and liquefying reactor |
| CN101113816A (en) * | 2006-07-27 | 2008-01-30 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Biomass circulating fluid bed burning method and biomass circulating fluid bed boiler |
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2010
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN2325395Y (en) * | 1997-12-29 | 1999-06-23 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Circulation fluidized bed type bio-mass gasifying equipment |
| CN101113816A (en) * | 2006-07-27 | 2008-01-30 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Biomass circulating fluid bed burning method and biomass circulating fluid bed boiler |
| CN101020833A (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2007-08-22 | 东北电力大学 | Electromagnetically inducing biomass pyrolyzing and liquefying reactor |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103011072A (en) * | 2012-12-16 | 2013-04-03 | 天津大学 | Method and device for preparing high-purity hydrogen from biomass |
| CN103011072B (en) * | 2012-12-16 | 2015-03-04 | 天津大学 | Method and device for preparing high-purity hydrogen from biomass |
| CN103205540A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-07-17 | 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 | Biomass gas aluminium alloy annealing system |
| CN103756727A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-04-30 | 刘平清 | Novel method for producing synthesis gas without generating carbon emission |
| CN103756727B (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2016-01-20 | 刘平清 | A kind of novel method not producing the production synthetic gas of carbon emission |
| CN114558537A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-05-31 | 哈工大(北京)工业技术创新研究院有限公司 | Niobium-based alloy preparation device for byproduct hydrogen production |
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Open date: 20101117 |