CN101885095B - Powder medium diffusion reaction resistance brazing method of magnesium alloy - Google Patents
Powder medium diffusion reaction resistance brazing method of magnesium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN101885095B CN101885095B CN2010101966054A CN201010196605A CN101885095B CN 101885095 B CN101885095 B CN 101885095B CN 2010101966054 A CN2010101966054 A CN 2010101966054A CN 201010196605 A CN201010196605 A CN 201010196605A CN 101885095 B CN101885095 B CN 101885095B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a powder medium diffusion reaction resistance brazing method of magnesium and a magnesium alloy material, applying in welding of the magnesium and the magnesium alloy material. In the method, a magnesium base powder medium is used as a filling layer, thus improving the problem that contact resistance of the magnesium alloy material is difficult to be welded at the initial stage of the welding; and resistance heat is used as a welding heat source, under the protection of a protective gas and the action of the resistance heat, the partial melting of the surface to be welded of the material and the rapid melting of the powder medium are synchronized to form an alloy solder. Under the impact action of an electrode voltage with a proper magnitude, an oxide film smashes, the powder medium generates an eutectic reaction on the interface of the material to be welded and an eutectic is formed on the interface by virtue of a diffusion action among dissimilar metals, thereby realizing the reliable connection of the materials. The method is mainly used for achieving the welding under the environment of inert gas protection and has strong flexibility and relative ideal project meaning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of powder medium diffusion reaction resistance brazing method of magnesium alloy, be applicable to magnesium and magnesium alloy plate, wire rod, the welding of especially difficult weldering magnesium alloy materials.
Background technology
Because the physical and chemical performance that magnesium and magnesium alloy had is easy to generate a series of problem in welding process, mainly show as:
Have very strong oxidation when (1) magnesium alloy welds, be prone on the surface form magnesia film, this dystectic magnesia film has a strong impact on or hinders the shaping of weld seam.Simultaneously, also can form magnesia or magnesium nitride slag inclusion, cause the decrease ductility of weld metal, need strengthen protection when therefore welding, prevent and reduce the generation of the oxide and the nitride of magnesium in welding process.
(2) thermal conductivity of magnesium alloy is high, and linear expansion coefficient is big, and this brings certain difficulty to welding procedure.Need higher welding energy effect relatively could realize the high-quality welding of this type material when therefore welding.Because it is bigger that the heat input requires, it is overheated that this also makes the heat affected area generation organize easily, and crystal grain is thick, thereby influences joint performance.
(3) in the welding process, can dissolve a large amount of hydrogen in the high temperature magnesium alloy melting pool, descend with temperature, the solubility of hydrogen sharply reduces, and a large amount of hydrogen of separating out have little time to overflow, and form pore easily.Simultaneously, because the density of magnesium alloy is less, the buoyancy that bubble receives is less, and it is difficult to cause bubble to be overflowed, and also forms increased number of stomata easily.Under the welding hot conditions, low-melting compound produces fusing easily and produces the hole in the magnesium alloy at the crystal boundary place, thereby seriously reduces joint performance.
(4) magnesium and alloying element are prone to form low-melting-point eutectic, and segregation has increased crystallization range in crystal boundary.In addition, the linear expansion coefficient of magnesium alloy is bigger, and is easily deformable in welding process, produces bigger thermal stress, for producing fire check condition is provided, and increased hot tearing sensitiveness.
In the electric resistance welding process, the quality of material solderability depends on the contact resistance size of material to a great extent.And this type of magnesium alloy material, contact resistance is less, so the electric resistance welding solderability is relatively poor, has influenced in a large amount of raisings of using the welding quality of magnesium alloy materials industry such as automobiles.For soldering processes commonly used, arc brazing welding magnesium alloy for example, because the fusing point of solder is more or less the same with the fusing point of magnesium and magnesium alloy materials, thereby brazing quality also is difficult to control.These problems also affect the application of magnesium alloy in commercial production always.
The powder medium diffusion reaction resistance brazing method that the present invention proposes is compared with existing magnesium alloy resistance-welding process; Through increasing the powder medium packed layer of certain particle size; Both helped improving the welding initial stage contact resistance on workpiece surface to be welded; Improve welding current density through interior to be welded; Help under the resistance heat effect, making the powder packed layer of relatively low fusing point to melt fast again, and make the diffusion reaction that produces between mother metal and powder packed layer under the eutectic condition under the electrode pressure effect, thereby successfully realize welding.In sum, the solder technology that has above characteristic does not simultaneously see that at home and abroad report is arranged.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of easy enforcement; With the powder medium diffusion reaction resistance brazing method of magnesium base alloy powder medium, make the welding initial stage contact resistance of the relatively poor metal material of solderability such as magnesium alloy be able to change, under less current effect relatively as packed layer; Improve welding current density through interior to be welded; And be aided with suitable electrode pressure, and make the diffusion reaction that produces between the powder packed layer of mother metal and fusing under the eutectic condition, connect thereby form reliably.
To achieve these goals, the present invention takes following technical measures:
The powder medium diffusion reaction resistance brazing method of a kind of magnesium and magnesium alloy, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) the magnesium base alloy powder medium is mixed with acetone soln;
(2) evenly spray or evenly apply said powder medium at the solder side of workpiece to be welded, form the uniform powder medium packed layer of thickness;
(3) treat the acetone volatilization of powder medium packed layer after, clamping workpiece to be welded closely contacts the workpiece solder side to be welded of attaching powder medium between upper/lower electrode;
(4) adjustment protection gas jets is aimed at workpiece to be welded weld zone, applies the protective gas effect;
(5) apply electrode pressure and impact, compress to be welded, make the fragmentation of matrix surface oxide-film and the effect that in the subsequent technique process, keep-ups pressure through the electrode pressure percussion;
(6) logical welding current makes the powder medium fusing of packed layer form solder alloy, eutectic reaction takes place under pressure, and produce diffusion at weld interface;
(7) stop the welding current effect, keep electrode pressure to weldment to cool off naturally;
(8) stop the electrode pressure effect, stop the protective gas effect, upper/lower electrode is removed, and accomplishes welding.
Described welding surroundings is mainly welding under the inert gas shielding, also can under atmosphere, weld under the individual cases.
Described workpiece to be welded is magnesium alloy plate or wire rod, and the welding point form mainly is a lap joint.
The said welder's of treating part and powder packed layer be heated to be resistance heated.Workpiece to be welded and the powder packed layer fuel factor that under the welding current effect, has a resistance, welding current are that single main welding current form or main welding current add auxiliary welding current form.
The described end face of welding electrode up and down is mainly sphere shape, in addition, also can adopt truncated cone.
Described powder is filled medium and is produced eutectic reaction at material interface to be welded place, and relies on the diffusion between dissimilar metal, is forming eutectic at the interface, thereby realizes the reliable connection of material.
Innovation of the present invention is that applying of magnesium alloy alloy powder medium changed welding forming mechanism, improved the solderability of material.The powder medium diffusion reaction resistance brazing sketch map of magnesium alloy is as shown in Figure 1, and its welding forming mechanism is as shown in Figure 2.Because the graininess shape facility of magnesium base alloy powder medium 2 is seen from microcosmic, between the powder particle and the contact area between powder particle and the workpiece to be welded 1 reduce greatly, thereby improved the welding initial stage contact resistance of material to be welded.On the other hand, also constituted some small relatively conductive channels between the powder particle, made in the welding process, under the prerequisite that does not improve the welding current absolute value, current density is greatly improved.Therefore, at the welding initial stage, applying of powder packed layer 2 improves the material contact resistance, thereby obtains to realize that material melts needed a large amount of resistance heat.Under the protection of inert gas, the resistance heat between the interface makes powder medium packed layer 2 produce fusing, between linkage interface, forms liquid phase 7, and under the effect of electrode pressure 5, makes oxide-film 8 fragmentations at linkage interface place.Because the sphere shape characteristic of electrode end surface, broken oxide-film 8 flows to the edge of welding point according to liquid phase to flow path direction 9, make the oxide-film amount in the welding point be able to reduce, thereby improve the quality of welding point.In the mid-term of welding, the electrode pressure 5 that upper/lower electrode 3,4 produces forces material interface contact to be welded good, and under the continuation effect of welding current, together is heated to more than the eutectic temperature with powder medium packed layer 2.Powder formulated medium packed layer 2 utilizes dissimilar metal to form the characteristics of eutectic, relies on intermetallic mutual diffusion, is forming eutectic at the interface, and is linking together workpiece 1 to be welded as solder.In the later stage of welding, welding current fails, but continues to keep the effect of electrode pressure 5, guaranteeing in slow cooling procedure, and under the protection of inert gas, obtains reliable welding point.
The powder medium diffusion reaction resistance brazing method of the magnesium alloy that the present invention proposes can be realized the reliable soldering of magnesium and magnesium alloy materials, be to the abundant of magnesium alloy welding processing with replenish, have the following advantages and effect:
(1) powder medium of certain particle size and surface of the work to be welded form some somes contact interfaces, utilize the variation of the contact-making surface of powder particle and material to be welded to improve the welding initial stage contact resistance at material position to be welded, thereby improve the weldability of difficult wlding material.
(2) constitute some small relatively conductive channels between the powder particle, under the prerequisite that does not increase the welding current absolute value, the current density through material position to be welded is greatly improved, thereby obtain needed a large amount of resistance heats of welding initial stage.
(3) the powder medium packed layer is heated to more than the eutectic temperature under the resistance heat effect, eutectic reaction takes place on the interface form eutectic, relies on the diffusion between dissimilar metal to realize reliable the connection.
(4) utilize the oxide-film of the broken filling interface of effect of electrode pressure.
(5) utilize the squeezing action of sphere shape electrode, and under the convection action of molten solder, discharge broken oxide-film, thereby form the reliable soldering joint.
(6) it is flexible that the magnesium base alloy powder is filled the medium prescription, can improve the metallurgical behavior of weld metal.
(7) welding of realization magnesium and magnesium alloy materials under inert gas shielding or under the atmospheric environment, face of weld need not special cleaning, and welding efficiency is high, and cost is low, and joint is reliable, has comparatively desirable engineering Practical significance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the powder medium diffusion reaction resistance brazing sketch map of magnesium alloy.
Fig. 2 is the magnesium alloy powder medium diffusion reaction resistance brazing forming mechanism sketch map of regional A among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are respectively the welding process flow sketch mapes of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2.
Among the figure, the oxide-film of 1 magnesium alloy workpiece, 2 powder medium packed layers, 3 top electrodes, 4 bottom electrodes, 5 upper/lower electrode pressure, 6 welding currents, 7 protection gas jets, 8 sources of welding current, 9 liquid phases, 10 fragmentations, 11 liquid phases are to flow path direction;
F electrode pressure, I welding current, I
1Main welding current, I
2Auxiliary welding current, t
1Electrode pressure duration, t
2Welding current duration, t
3The auxiliary welding current duration.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Embodiment 1: the clamping of material to be welded and welding process flow are pulse electric current welding procedure respectively like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 3.AZ31B magnesium alloy workpiece 1 is two overlap joints that thickness is the slab construction of 1mm.After magnesium based powders medium mixed with acetone, evenly be sprayed at the surface at magnesium alloy workpiece 1 position to be welded, form powder medium packed layer 2 by pressure sprayer.Setting main welding parameter is: welding current I=12000A, electrode pressure F=1570N, welding current duration t
2=1.5s.After treating the acetone volatilization of powder packed layer,, be clamped in upper/lower electrode 3 with flat panel workpieces overlap joint to be welded, between 4.To protect gas jets 6 aligning weld zones, and open argon shield, throughput is 4L/min.Apply electrode pressure F, make workpiece pressing to be welded tight.Keep the effect of electrode pressure F, apply welding current I, the duration is 1.5s.After the welding current effect finishes, keep electrode pressure F certain hour, to the welding end.Close argon shield, remove the argon gas nozzle, and remove upper/lower electrode 3,4, take off workpiece.
Embodiment 2: the clamping of material to be welded and welding process flow are dipulse electric current welding procedure respectively like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 4.Compare with technological process shown in Figure 3, Fig. 4 technological process has increased auxiliary welding current I
2, make the welding point packed layer keep the higher temperature certain hour, to help the carrying out of diffusion between dissimilar metal.AZ31B magnesium alloy workpiece 1 is two overlap joints that thickness is the slab construction of 1mm.After magnesium based powders medium mixed with acetone, evenly be sprayed at the surface at workpiece 1 position to be welded, form packed layer 2 by pressure sprayer.Setting main welding parameter is: main welding current I
1=12000A, auxiliary welding current I
2=8000A, electrode pressure F=1570N, main welding current duration t
2=1.5s, auxiliary welding current duration t3=1.5s.After treating the acetone volatilization of powder packed layer,, be clamped in upper/lower electrode 3 with flat panel workpieces overlap joint to be welded, between 4.With argon gas nozzle alignment weld zone, open argon shield, throughput is 4L/min.Apply electrode pressure F, make workpiece pressing to be welded tight.Keep the effect of electrode pressure F, apply main welding current I
1, the duration is 1.5s.Main welding current I
1After effect finishes, auxiliary welding current I
2Generation effect immediately, the duration is 1.5s.After the welding current effect finishes, keep electrode pressure F certain hour, to the welding end.Close argon shield, remove the argon gas nozzle, and remove upper/lower electrode 3,4, take off workpiece.
Claims (4)
1. the powder medium diffusion reaction resistance brazing method of magnesium and magnesium alloy materials is characterized in that said method comprising the steps of:
(1) the magnesium base alloy powder medium is mixed with acetone soln;
(2) evenly spray or evenly apply said powder medium at the solder side of workpiece to be welded, form the uniform powder medium packed layer of thickness;
(3) treat the acetone volatilization of powder medium packed layer after, clamping workpiece to be welded closely contacts the solder side of the workpiece to be welded of attaching powder medium between upper/lower electrode;
(4) adjustment protection gas jets is aimed at workpiece to be welded weld zone, applies the protective gas effect;
(5) apply electrode pressure and impact, compress solder side, make the matrix surface oxide-film broken through the electrode pressure percussion, and the effect that in the subsequent technique process, keep-ups pressure;
(6) logical welding current makes the powder medium fusing of filling form solder alloy, eutectic reaction takes place under pressure, and produce diffusion at weld interface;
(7) stop the welding current effect, keep electrode pressure to weldment to cool off naturally;
(8) stop the electrode pressure effect, stop the protective gas effect, remove upper/lower electrode, accomplish welding;
Said welding process is accomplished under inert gas shielding.
2. the powder medium diffusion reaction resistance brazing method of magnesium according to claim 1 and magnesium alloy materials is characterized in that: said workpiece to be welded is magnesium alloy plate or wire rod.
3. the powder medium diffusion reaction resistance brazing method of magnesium according to claim 1 and magnesium alloy materials; It is characterized in that: treat the resistance heat effect that produces under the welding current effect that is heated to be of welder's part and powder medium packed layer, welding current is that single main welding current form or main welding current add auxiliary welding current form.
4. the powder medium diffusion reaction resistance brazing method of magnesium according to claim 1 and magnesium alloy materials is characterized in that: the described end face of welding electrode up and down is a sphere shape, or truncated cone.
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| CN102423829B (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2014-08-13 | 湖北工业大学 | Resistor spot welding process method for powder filled between titanium alloy and magnesium alloy |
| CN102489840B (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2015-07-15 | 重庆理工大学 | Alloy powder filling tungsten argon arc welding method for magnesium alloys |
| CN102554383A (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2012-07-11 | 天津大学 | Method for realizing copper-copper bonding through current sintering technology and device thereof |
| US9272350B2 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2016-03-01 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Method for resistance braze repair |
| CN103170694B (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2015-06-17 | 太原理工大学 | Point welding technique of magnesium alloy filled with reactive powder |
| CN103252568B (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2016-01-20 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of for filling spot welding stainless steel high-entropy alloy powder and the stainless process of a kind of high-entropy alloy powder filling spot welding |
| US10240222B2 (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2019-03-26 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Current schedule for optimized reaction metallurgical joining |
| CN108927598A (en) * | 2018-08-19 | 2018-12-04 | 廖思凡 | Vacuum atom welds diffusion facilities |
| CN111482686A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-08-04 | 西安工业大学 | Metal welding method |
| CN113210820B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2023-03-21 | 成都交大焊接科技有限公司 | Flash welding method |
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| EP0654320A1 (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1995-05-24 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Aluminum weldment and method of welding aluminum workpieces |
| US5565117A (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1996-10-15 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of resistance-welding workpieces of metal and resistance-welded weldment of metal |
| US7468493B2 (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2008-12-23 | Smc Corporation | Method of connecting aluminum alloy die cast member |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0654320A1 (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1995-05-24 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Aluminum weldment and method of welding aluminum workpieces |
| US5565117A (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1996-10-15 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of resistance-welding workpieces of metal and resistance-welded weldment of metal |
| US7468493B2 (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2008-12-23 | Smc Corporation | Method of connecting aluminum alloy die cast member |
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