CN101881326A - 具有双重无级变速器和行星齿轮组的传动装置 - Google Patents
具有双重无级变速器和行星齿轮组的传动装置 Download PDFInfo
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- F16H47/00—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing
- F16H47/02—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the volumetric type
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- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
- F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
- F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
- F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
- F16H2037/088—Power split variators with summing differentials, with the input of the CVT connected or connectable to the input shaft
- F16H2037/0886—Power split variators with summing differentials, with the input of the CVT connected or connectable to the input shaft with switching means, e.g. to change ranges
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- F16H47/00—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing
- F16H47/02—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the volumetric type
- F16H47/04—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the volumetric type the mechanical gearing being of the type with members having orbital motion
- F16H2047/045—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the volumetric type the mechanical gearing being of the type with members having orbital motion the fluid gearing comprising a plurality of pumps or motors
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- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
- F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
- F16H2200/2005—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with one sets of orbital gears
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- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
- F16H3/727—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
- F16H3/728—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
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- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
- F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
- F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
- F16H37/0826—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one output shaft
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Abstract
具有双重无级变速器和行星齿轮组的传动装置。一种作业机械,包括发动机和耦合于所述发动机的后端。所述后端包括具有带第一输出轴的第一无级变速器和带第二输出轴的第二无级变速器的传动装置。行星齿轮组包括耦合于第一输出轴的太阳齿轮、耦合于第二输出轴的齿圈、啮合于太阳齿轮和齿圈之间的若干行星齿轮、和与每一个行星齿轮接合的过桥齿轮。末级输出装置包括支撑输出齿轮的第三输出轴,所述输出齿轮啮合于所述过桥齿轮。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种作业机械,更具体地,涉及一种用于这种作业机械内的传动装置。
背景技术
作业机械,比如建筑作业机械、农业作业机械、或林业作业机械,一般包括内燃(IC)机形式的原动机。所述IC机在形式上可以是压燃式发动机(即柴油发动机)或火花点火式发动机(即汽油发动机)。对于大多数重型作业机械,原动机在形式上是对于辅助作业操作具有较好超载运转能力、下拉和转矩特性的柴油发动机。
作业机械内的内燃机向传动装置提供输入功率,传动装置接着通过后端差速器与后轴耦合并驱动后轴。所述传动装置、后端差速器和后轴被称为作业机械的“后端”。传动装置一般装配到后端差速器的前部并向后端差速器提供输入功率。后端差速器向两个后轴提供地面动力。对于农业作业机械,所述后端差速器也通常包括至少一个在拖拉机后部三角悬挂装置内向后延伸的动力输出(PTO)轴。
在上述作业机械中,提供具有多个档位是较普遍的。一般地用一个变速杆在多个档位(例如A、B、C和D档位)之间换档,以及用第二变速杆在每一个传动比区段(例1、2、3或4)内的分离齿轮对之间切换。本发明的受让人也在市场上出售“动力换档(PowerShift)”系列变速器,其中至少一个变速杆在使用中不需要“匆忙地”用脚踩离合器去换档。动力换档变速器的变型追溯到1960制造的4020系列拖拉机。
用于作业机械的另一种类型的传动装置是无级变速器(IVT),其以无级方式提供从0到最大值的连续可变输出速度。无级变速器一般包括静液压和机械齿轮组件。静液压组件将转轴功率转换为液压流,反之亦然。经过无级变速器的动力流基于设计和输出速度可以仅通过静液压组件、仅通过机械组件、或经过二者的结合。
用于作业机械的无级变速器的一个例子是液力机械变速器,其包括与行星齿轮组耦合的液压组件。用于作业机械的无级变速器的另一个例子是液压变速器,其包括与齿轮组耦合的液压组件。
在目前应用中,一般使用直接驱动动力换档、扭矩变换器驱动动力换档、或静液压驱动分离的速度范围变速器。这些结构中的每一个均要求一些变速操作以改变齿轮箱的速比以获得预期的车辆速度范围(对于集材机高达17mph,对装载机高达24mph)。
本领域所需要的是操作更容易、更简单的变速器。
发明内容
本发明的一种形式是指用于车辆的传动装置,包括具有第一输出轴的第一变速驱动装置、和具有第二输出轴的第二变速驱动装置。行星齿轮组包括与第一输出轴耦合的太阳齿轮、与第二输出轴耦合的齿圈、啮合于太阳齿轮和齿圈之间的若干行星齿轮、和与每一个行星齿轮耦合的过桥齿轮。末级输出装置包括支撑输出齿轮的第三输出轴,所述输出齿轮与过桥齿轮相啮合。
本发明的另一形式涉及包括发动机和与发动机耦合的后端的作业机械。所述后端包括具有第一输出轴的第一无级变速器以及具有第二输出轴的第二无级变速器的传动装置。行星齿轮组包括与第一输出轴耦合的太阳齿轮、与第二输出轴耦合的齿圈、啮合于太阳齿轮和齿圈之间的若干行星齿轮、和与每一个行星齿轮耦合的过桥齿轮。末级输出装置包括支撑一输出齿轮的第三输出轴,所述输出齿轮与所述过桥齿轮相啮合。
附图说明
图1是用于农业拖拉机形式的作业机械的本发明的后端的一个实施方式的立体图;以及
图2是本发明传动装置的一个实施例的示意图,其可用于图1中所示的后端。
具体实施方案
请参考附图,尤其是参考图1,其示出了车辆或以农业装载拖拉机形式的作业机械10的一部分,尤其是拖拉机的后端传动系。虽然所图示的是农业拖拉机,所述车辆或作业机械10也可以是其它形式的车辆或作业机械,比如建筑拖拉机或林业机械。
拖拉机10包括具有与后端差速器14耦合的传动装置12的后端,所述后端差速器14又驱动一对后轴16。每一根后轴16包括外侧轮毂18,外侧轮毂18上安装有各自的后驱动轮(未图示)。虽然图示后轴16被构造成用于支撑各自的驱动轮,但是后端差速器14也可以构造成驱动一对地面接合履带。
传动装置12包括从动轴20,其与内燃机22机械耦合并接收内燃机22的转动输入功率,如图1所示。从动轴20穿过壳体24并由壳体24可旋转地支撑,所述壳体24同样容纳并可旋转地支撑许多其它组件。例如,壳体24可以支撑离合器装置(未图示),所述离合器装置选择性地与输出轴26彼此连接,使得机械式前轮驱动装置(MFWD)在操作员控制台由开关的起动而啮合。
从动轴20还可以向定位于传动装置壳体24内的其它内部传动装置组件传送转动功率。根据选择的传动比将转动功率传送到后端差速器14。
更具体的,根据本发明的一个方面,传动装置12包括若干内部组件,其更具体地图示在图2中。即,传动装置12包括第一变速驱动装置30、第二变速驱动装置32、行星齿轮组34、和末级输出装置36。在图示的实施例中,第一变速驱动装置30和第二变速驱动装置32形式上均是无级变速器(IVT),并且更具体地,形式上是第一静液压变速器和第二静液压变速器。不过,可以理解,根据应用,第一变速器30和第二变速器32可以是不同类型的变速驱动装置。例如,第一变速驱动装置30可以被配置为第一电动马达,第二变速驱动装置32可以被配置为第二电动马达。可选择的,除了将每一个变速驱动装置均设计为静液压变速器形式的无级变速器,每一个变速驱动装置可以设计为不同类型的IVT(比如液力机械IVT)。
第一变速驱动装置30包括可变容积式泵38和可变容积式马达40,所述马达40与第一输出轴42耦合并驱动第一输出轴42。第二变速驱动装置32包括可变容积式泵44和固定容积式马达46,所述马达46与第二输出轴48耦合并驱动第二输出轴48。在所示的实施例中,第二变速驱动装置32的泵44小于第一变速驱动装置30的泵38。然而,可以理解,泵38与泵44之间的相对尺寸是可以变化的。相似的,马达40和马达46之间的相对尺寸根据应用也是可以变化的。
行星齿轮组34包括太阳齿轮50、齿圈52、若干行星齿轮54、和过桥齿轮56。太阳齿轮50耦合于与第一变速驱动装置30相关联的第一输出轴42。齿圈52耦合于与第二变速驱动装置32相关联的第二输出轴48。所述若干行星齿轮54啮合于太阳齿轮50和齿圈52之间。根据应用,在太阳齿轮50和齿圈52之间实际使用的行星齿轮54的数目是可变的。在图示的实施例中,可以设定有四个行星齿轮54与太阳齿轮50和齿圈52啮合。过桥齿轮56与每一个行星齿轮54耦合。更具体地,过桥齿轮56在每一个行星齿轮54的转动轴线上与每一个行星齿轮54耦合,从而根据所述行星齿轮54绕太阳齿轮50的移动速度进行转动。
末级输出装置36包括支撑输出齿轮60的第三输出轴58。输出齿轮60具有可以与过桥齿轮56的相应外齿64相啮合的若干外齿62。根据应用,输出齿轮60的直径可以变化,因此过桥齿轮56和输出齿轮60之间的相对齿轮传动比是可变的。第三输出轴58从输出齿轮60的相对两端轴向延伸。第三输出轴58的一端被构形用以驱动MFWD,而第三输出轴58的另一端被构形用以驱动后端差速器14。因此第三输出轴58的前端对应或者耦合于通向MFWD的输出轴26。在图2所示的各种齿轮的定向的情况下,第三输出轴58同样大致平行于第一输出轴42和第二输出轴48延伸。
传动装置12同样优选地包括从齿圈52沿径向向外延伸的环形盘66。制动器68被构形用以选择性地接合环形盘66,从而在操作过程中锁定齿圈52的旋转运动,下文将更详细地进行描述。
在操作过程中,马达40驱动太阳齿轮50,马达46沿相同旋转方向驱动齿圈52。有两种模式的操作:1)齿圈52由制动器68锁定。这获得作业机械10的最深齿轮减速和最高牵引效力。2)制动器68松开且齿圈52由马达46驱动。这种操作模式降低传动装置12的速比且车辆速度因第二变速驱动装置32内马达46的增加速度而增加。
本发明从所述行星齿轮组34的最深比率(在齿圈52固定的情况下为约6∶1)到1∶1或甚至在其最大速度时与齿圈52的超速传动比获得无级变速比。过桥齿轮56是行星齿轮组34的输出,并且驱动单齿轮输出轴58以下降输出中心位置和从传动装置12提供前部和后部输出。
以上是对所述优选实施例进行描述,显而易见在不背离随附权利要求书所限定的本发明范围,可以对本发明进行不同的修饰。
Claims (18)
1.一种用于车辆的传动装置,包括:
一第一变速驱动装置,其具有一第一输出轴;
一第二变速驱动装置,其具有一第二输出轴;
一行星齿轮组,其包括与所述第一输出轴耦合的太阳齿轮、与所述第二输出轴耦合的齿圈、啮合于所述太阳齿轮和所述齿圈之间的若干行星齿轮、和与每一个所述若干行星齿轮耦合的过桥齿轮;以及
一末级输出装置,其具有一支撑一输出齿轮的第三输出轴,所述输出齿轮与所述过桥齿轮啮合。
2.如权利要求1所述的传动装置,其中所述第一变速驱动装置是一第一无级变速器(IVT),以及所述第二变速驱动装置是一第二IVT。
3.如权利要求2所述的传动装置,其中所述第一IVT和所述第二IVT沿相同旋转方向分别可旋转地驱动所述太阳齿轮和所述齿圈。
4.如权利要求2所述的传动装置,其中所述第一IVT包括可变容积式泵和可变容积式马达,所述第二IVT包括可变容积式泵和固定容积式马达。
5.如权利要求4所述的传动装置,其中所述第二IVT中的所述泵小于所述第一IVT中的所述泵。
6.如权利要求1所述的传动装置,包括从所述齿圈沿径向向外延伸的环形盘,和被构形用以选择性地接合所述环形盘的制动器。
7.如权利要求1所述的传动装置,其中所述过桥齿轮和所述输出齿轮各包括彼此啮合的外齿。
8.如权利要求1所述的传动装置,其中所述第一输出轴、第二输出轴和第三输出轴均彼此大致平行地延伸。
9.如权利要求1所述的传动装置,其中所述输出轴从所述输出齿轮的相对侧沿轴向延伸。
10.如权利要求9所述的传动装置,其中所述输出轴被构形用以在其一端驱动一前端和在其一相对端驱动一后端。
11.一种作业机械,包括
一发动机;以及
一与所述发动机耦合的后端,所述后端包括一传动装置,所述传动装置具有:
一第一无级变速器(IVT),其具有一第一输出轴;
一第二IVT,其具有一第二输出轴;
一行星齿轮组,其包括与所述第一输出轴耦合的太阳齿轮、与所述第二输出轴耦合的齿圈、啮合于所述太阳齿轮和所述齿圈之间的若干行星齿轮、和与每一个所述若干行星齿轮耦合的过桥齿轮;以及
一末级输出装置,其具有一支撑一输出齿轮的第三输出轴,所述输出齿轮与所述过桥齿轮啮合。
12.如权利要求11所述的作业机械,其中所述第一IVT和所述第二IVT沿相同旋转方向分别可旋转地驱动所述太阳齿轮和所述齿圈。
13.如权利要求11所述的作业机械,其中所述第一IVT包括可变容积式泵和可变容积式马达,以及所述第二IVT包括可变容积式泵和固定容积式马达。
14.如权利要求13所述的作业机械,其中所述第二IVT中的所述泵小于所述第一IVT中的所述泵。
15.如权利要求11所述的作业机械,包括从所述齿圈沿径向向外延伸的环形盘,和被构形用以选择性地接合所述环形盘的制动器。
16.如权利要求11所述的作业机械,其中所述过桥齿轮和所述输出齿轮各包括彼此啮合的外齿。
17.如权利要求11所述的作业机械,其中所述第一输出轴、第二输出轴和第三输出轴的均彼此大致平行地延伸。
18.如权利要求11所述的作业机械,其中所述输出轴从所述输出齿轮的相对侧沿轴向延伸。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/436,519 | 2009-05-06 | ||
US12/436,519 US20100285913A1 (en) | 2009-05-06 | 2009-05-06 | Transmission With Dual IVT's And Planetary Gear Set |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN101881326A true CN101881326A (zh) | 2010-11-10 |
Family
ID=42458021
Family Applications (1)
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CN2010101484969A Pending CN101881326A (zh) | 2009-05-06 | 2010-04-16 | 具有双重无级变速器和行星齿轮组的传动装置 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100285913A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2249063A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101881326A (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2010118059A (zh) |
Cited By (6)
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CN102537269A (zh) * | 2012-02-07 | 2012-07-04 | 北京理工大学 | 三段式液压机械连续无级传动装置及方法 |
CN104081092A (zh) * | 2011-11-04 | 2014-10-01 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 行星齿轮传动装置 |
CN104118317A (zh) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-10-29 | 天津天海同步科技股份有限公司 | 双电机行星排变速器及具有其的动力总成 |
CN108488328A (zh) * | 2018-03-25 | 2018-09-04 | 大连碧蓝节能环保科技有限公司 | 双轴输入行星齿轮差速减速*** |
CN108691643A (zh) * | 2017-04-12 | 2018-10-23 | 迪尔公司 | 具有动力反向器的无限可变传动装置 |
CN111954604A (zh) * | 2018-02-19 | 2020-11-17 | 艾里逊变速箱公司 | 用于框架轨道车辆的车桥组件 |
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CN103339414B (zh) * | 2010-12-03 | 2017-03-29 | Dti集团有限公司 | 用于混合驱动机构的变速器模块及包括该变速器模块的驱动机构 |
GB201223536D0 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-02-13 | Agco Int Gmbh | Agricultural vehicle transmission |
US11280388B1 (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2022-03-22 | Empower Robotics Corporation | Multiple drive variable transmission ratio system with selective actuator engagement |
WO2019153146A1 (zh) * | 2018-02-07 | 2019-08-15 | 深圳市万维博新能源技术有限公司 | 一种新能源at变速装置 |
DE102018206206A1 (de) * | 2018-04-23 | 2019-10-24 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Elektrisch betriebene Arbeitsmaschine |
US11698122B2 (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2023-07-11 | Deere & Company | Variable speed and reversible dual path fan drive system |
US20220169232A1 (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-06-02 | Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. | Machine and drivetrain associated with machine |
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Cited By (8)
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CN104081092A (zh) * | 2011-11-04 | 2014-10-01 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 行星齿轮传动装置 |
CN102537269A (zh) * | 2012-02-07 | 2012-07-04 | 北京理工大学 | 三段式液压机械连续无级传动装置及方法 |
CN102537269B (zh) * | 2012-02-07 | 2013-04-17 | 北京理工大学 | 三段式液压机械连续无级传动装置 |
CN104118317A (zh) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-10-29 | 天津天海同步科技股份有限公司 | 双电机行星排变速器及具有其的动力总成 |
CN108691643A (zh) * | 2017-04-12 | 2018-10-23 | 迪尔公司 | 具有动力反向器的无限可变传动装置 |
CN111954604A (zh) * | 2018-02-19 | 2020-11-17 | 艾里逊变速箱公司 | 用于框架轨道车辆的车桥组件 |
CN111954604B (zh) * | 2018-02-19 | 2023-12-08 | 艾里逊变速箱公司 | 用于框架轨道车辆的车桥组件 |
CN108488328A (zh) * | 2018-03-25 | 2018-09-04 | 大连碧蓝节能环保科技有限公司 | 双轴输入行星齿轮差速减速*** |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2249063A1 (en) | 2010-11-10 |
RU2010118059A (ru) | 2011-11-10 |
US20100285913A1 (en) | 2010-11-11 |
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