CN101880789A - Semisolid forming method for aluminum-base composite material creeper tread of special vehicle and forming mold thereof - Google Patents
Semisolid forming method for aluminum-base composite material creeper tread of special vehicle and forming mold thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101880789A CN101880789A CN 201010223440 CN201010223440A CN101880789A CN 101880789 A CN101880789 A CN 101880789A CN 201010223440 CN201010223440 CN 201010223440 CN 201010223440 A CN201010223440 A CN 201010223440A CN 101880789 A CN101880789 A CN 101880789A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a semisolid forming method for an aluminum-base composite material creeper tread of a special vehicle and a forming mold thereof, which relates to a semisolid forming method for a creeper tread and a forming mold thereof. The invention solves the problems that the creeper tread prepared from steel is heavy, can not be formed easily by forging, and can not guarantee the performance of the creeper tread by casting. The method of the invention comprises the following steps: (1) wrapping pretreated SiCp with aluminum foil and then putting into a stirring crucible for heating and insulating; and (2) pouring 2A50 aluminum alloy into the stirring crucible in step (1) to prepare the semisolid blank, then pouring the semisolid blank into the forming mold, pressurizing and forming. The forming mold is manufactured from an outer male mold, an inner male mold, a female mold and a mold core from top to bottom sequentially and integrally. The workpiece made by the method has good performance, lightened weight, improved wear resistance, one-time forming and high production efficiency. Compared with the creeper tread workpiece formed by liquid forging of aluminum alloy, the wearing capacity of the aluminum-base composite material creeper tread of the invention is reduced by 50%-70%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of grip-pad semi-solid-state shaping method and shaping dies thereof.
Background technology
Crawler belt plays load-bearing, turns to, draws in vehicle vital role, the material of making grip-pad at present generally is to utilize steel, wherein most widely used general with high mangaenese steel, but requirement along with littler, the lighter development trend of special vehicle, how to improve the grip-pad quality, alleviate grip-pad weight, prolonging the grip-pad life-span is the main direction of research, its heavy armor system must be improved direction, and is urgent day by day for the requirement of steel with aluminium.Existing crawler belt manufacturing process exists forging to be difficult to be shaped, cast the problem that can not guarantee the grip-pad performance requriements.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for solve the grip-pad that adopts the steel preparation heavier, forge and be difficult to be shaped, cast the problem that can not guarantee the grip-pad performance, a kind of semisolid forming method for aluminum-base composite material creeper tread of special vehicle is provided.
Semisolid forming method for aluminum-base composite material creeper tread of special vehicle is as follows: one, with SiC
pWith mass concentration is that 10% HF solution soaking was carried out pickling in 24 hours, and SiCp later once cleans every 1～2 hour with distilled water to pickling, is neutrality until washing lotion; Two, will be through the SiC of step 1 processing
pIn drying baker, dried under 140 ℃ the condition 24 ~ 28 hours, be ground to Powdered then; Three, with pulverous SiC
pSintering is 2 ~ 3 hours under 800 ℃ ± 5 ℃ condition, constantly stirs in the sintering process; Four, the SiC that takes by weighing the 2A50 aluminium alloy and handle through step 3
p, SiC wherein
pAccount for 2A50 aluminium alloy and SiC
pThe volume fraction of total amount is 5vol% ~ 10vol%; Five, with load weighted SiC
pWrap with Aluminium Foil Package, put into stirring crucible then and be heated to 600 ℃～620 ℃, insulation 30～40min; Six, the 2A50 aluminium alloy is put into the melting of another one crucible, the refining slagging-off is treated to add pure magnesium behind the 2A50 aluminum alloy melting, and pure magnesium accounts for 2A50 aluminium alloy, pure magnesium and SiC
pThe weight percentage of total amount is 2%, under 640 ℃～660 ℃ condition, pour into the 2A50 aluminium alloy in the described stirring crucible of step 5 then, install stirring rod and be incubated 30～40min, under initial whipping temp is 640 ℃ condition, be stirred to temperature then and be reduced to 600 ℃, at last under the condition of 600 ℃ of semi-solid temperature, stir 40～60min, make semi-solid blank, when stirring, constantly adjust the position of stirring rod up and down; Seven, the semi-solid blank that step 6 is obtained is poured in the shaping dies, and press molding promptly gets the special vehicle aluminum-base composite material creeper tread.
Described shaping dies comprises bolt, top plate, outer punch, interior punch, cavity, die, die sleeve, push rod, lower bolster, core, bottoming hole, steady brace, disk spring, steady brace, bolt and bolt, outer punch, interior punch, die and core are made one from top to bottom successively, interior punch is connected with top plate with butterfly spring by bolt, top plate is connected with steady brace by bolt with outer punch, interior punch is positioned at the inside of outer punch, lower part of outer punch and core are positioned at the inside of die, core links to each other by push rod with lower bolster, die links to each other by steady brace with lower bolster, die is positioned at the inside of die sleeve, die sleeve links to each other with lower bolster by bolt, die sleeve is provided with bottoming hole, by interior punch, outer punch, die, push rod and core surround and form cavity.
The advantage of invention is as follows:
(1) under metal semi-solid, adopt mechanical mixing method to prepare aluminum matrix composite and not only make alloy matrix aluminum obtain the spherocrystal tissue, stir with liquid state and compare, the enhancing particle is evenly distributed in the alloy matrix aluminum.
(2) compare with existing grip-pad shaping, the present invention has adopted aluminum matrix composite to replace traditional steel material, and part performance is good, and quality alleviates, and wear resistance improves, once shaped, production efficiency height; The special vehicle aluminum-base composite material creeper tread that adopts the inventive method to obtain is compared with the grip-pad product that the aluminum alloy melt morphotype is swaged into shape, and its matter damage amount has reduced 50%～70%.
(3) can satisfy the complex-shaped special vehicle grip-pad lightweight and the performance requriements of high-wearing feature.
(4) open up a new way for the special vehicle grip-pad is shaped, the common vehicle wheel hub is shaped also has dissemination simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure iron of shaping dies of the present invention.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises the arbitrary combination between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: semisolid forming method for aluminum-base composite material creeper tread of special vehicle is as follows in the present embodiment: one, with SiC
pWith mass concentration is that 10% HF solution soaking was carried out pickling in 24 hours, to pickling SiC later
pOnce cleaning every 1～2 hour with distilled water, is neutral until washing lotion; Two, will be through the SiC of step 1 processing
pIn drying baker, dried under 140 ℃ the condition 24 ~ 28 hours, be ground to Powdered then; Three, with pulverous SiC
pSintering is 2 ~ 3 hours under 800 ℃ ± 5 ℃ condition, constantly stirs in the sintering process; Four, the SiC that takes by weighing the 2A50 aluminium alloy and handle through step 3
p, SiC wherein
pAccount for 2A50 aluminium alloy and SiC
pThe volume fraction of total amount is 5vol% ~ 10vol%; Five, with load weighted SiC
pWrap with Aluminium Foil Package, put into stirring crucible then and be heated to 600 ℃～620 ℃, insulation 30～40min; Six, the 2A50 aluminium alloy is put into the melting of another one crucible, the refining slagging-off is treated to add pure magnesium behind the 2A50 aluminum alloy melting, and pure magnesium accounts for 2A50 aluminium alloy, pure magnesium and SiC
pThe weight percentage of total amount is 2%, under 640 ℃～660 ℃ condition, pour into the 2A50 aluminium alloy in the described stirring crucible of step 5 then, install stirring rod and be incubated 30～40min, under initial whipping temp is 640 ℃ condition, be stirred to temperature then and be reduced to 600 ℃, at last under the condition of 600 ℃ of semi-solid temperature, stir 40～60min, make semi-solid blank, when stirring, constantly adjust the position of stirring rod up and down; Seven, the semi-solid blank that step 6 is obtained is poured in the shaping dies, and press molding promptly gets the special vehicle aluminum-base composite material creeper tread; Stirring velocity in step 3, the step 6 is 875r/min.
Used SiC in the present embodiment
pGranularity is 7 μ m, and its performance index are as follows:
The composition of used 2A50 aluminium alloy is as follows in the present embodiment:
The used forming press of extrusion forming is the 2000KN hydropress in the present embodiment step 7.
Embodiment two: what present embodiment and embodiment one were different is with pulverous SiC in the step 3
pSintering under 798 ℃ condition.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: what present embodiment and embodiment one were different is with pulverous SiC in the step 3
pSintering under 803 ℃ condition.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four: what present embodiment and embodiment one were different is with pulverous SiC in the step 3
pSintering under 800 ℃ condition.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment five: that present embodiment is different with one of embodiment one to four is SiC in the step 4
pAccount for 2A50 aluminium alloy and SiC
pThe volume fraction of total amount is 6vol% ~ 9vol%.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: that present embodiment is different with one of embodiment one to four is SiC in the step 4
pAccount for 2A50 aluminium alloy and SiC
pThe volume fraction of total amount is 8vol%.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment seven: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to six is that Heating temperature is 605 ℃～615 ℃ in the step 5.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment eight: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to six is that Heating temperature is 610 ℃ in the step 5.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment nine: what present embodiment was different with one of embodiment one to eight is in the step 7 semi-solid blank to be poured under 600 ℃ condition in the shaping dies by compound loading acquisition aluminum-base composite material creeper tread.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to eight.
Embodiment ten: semisolid forming method for aluminum-base composite material creeper tread of special vehicle is as follows in the present embodiment present embodiment: one, with SiC
pWith mass concentration is that 10% HF solution soaking was carried out pickling in 24 hours, and SiCp later once cleans every 1 hour with distilled water to pickling, is neutrality until washing lotion; Two, will be through the SiC of step 1 processing
pIn drying baker, dried 24 hours under 140 ℃ the condition, be ground to Powdered then; Three, with pulverous SiC
pSintering is 2 hours under 795 ℃ condition, constantly stirs in the sintering process; Four, the SiC that takes by weighing the 2A50 aluminium alloy and handle through step 3
p, SiC wherein
pAccount for 2A50 aluminium alloy and SiC
pThe volume fraction of total amount is 5vol%; Five, with load weighted SiC
pWrap with Aluminium Foil Package, put into stirring crucible then and be heated to 600 ℃, insulation 30～40min; Six, the 2A50 aluminium alloy is put into the melting of another one crucible, the refining slagging-off is treated to add pure magnesium behind the 2A50 aluminum alloy melting, and pure magnesium accounts for 2A50 aluminium alloy, pure magnesium and SiC
pThe weight percentage of total amount is 2%, then the 2A50 aluminium alloy is poured under 640 ℃ condition in the described stirring crucible of step 5, install stirring rod and be incubated 30min, under initial whipping temp is 640 ℃ condition, be stirred to temperature then and be reduced to 600 ℃, at last under the condition of 600 ℃ of semi-solid temperature, stir 40～60min, make semi-solid blank, when stirring, constantly adjust the position of stirring rod up and down; Seven, the semi-solid blank that step 6 is obtained is poured in the shaping dies, and press molding promptly gets the special vehicle aluminum-base composite material creeper tread.
Embodiment 11: semisolid forming method for aluminum-base composite material creeper tread of special vehicle is as follows in the present embodiment: one, with SiC
pWith mass concentration is that 10% HF solution soaking was carried out pickling in 24 hours, and SiCp later once cleans every 2 hours with distilled water to pickling, is neutrality until washing lotion; Two, will be through the SiC of step 1 processing
pIn drying baker, dried 28 hours under 140 ℃ the condition, be ground to Powdered then; Three, with pulverous SiC
pSintering is 3 hours under 805 ℃ condition, constantly stirs in the sintering process; Four, the SiC that takes by weighing the 2A50 aluminium alloy and handle through step 3
p, SiC wherein
pAccount for 2A50 aluminium alloy and SiC
pThe volume fraction of total amount is 10vol%; Five, with load weighted SiC
pWrap with Aluminium Foil Package, put into stirring crucible then and be heated to 620 ℃, insulation 30～40min; Six, the 2A50 aluminium alloy is put into the melting of another one crucible, the refining slagging-off is treated to add pure magnesium behind the 2A50 aluminum alloy melting, and pure magnesium accounts for 2A50 aluminium alloy, pure magnesium and SiC
pThe weight percentage of total amount is 2%, then the 2A50 aluminium alloy is poured under 660 ℃ condition in the described stirring crucible of step 5, install stirring rod and be incubated 30～40min, under initial whipping temp is 640 ℃ condition, be stirred to temperature then and be reduced to 600 ℃, at last under the condition of 600 ℃ of semi-solid temperature, stir 60min, make semi-solid blank, when stirring, constantly adjust the position of stirring rod up and down; Seven, the semi-solid blank that step 6 is obtained is poured in the shaping dies, and press molding promptly gets the special vehicle aluminum-base composite material creeper tread; Stirring velocity in step 3, the step 6 is 875r/min.
Embodiment 12: semisolid forming method for aluminum-base composite material creeper tread of special vehicle is as follows in the present embodiment: one, with SiC
pWith mass concentration is that 10% HF solution soaking was carried out pickling in 24 hours, and SiCp later once cleans every 1.2 hours with distilled water to pickling, is neutrality until washing lotion; Two, will be through the SiC of step 1 processing
pIn drying baker, dried 25 hours under 140 ℃ the condition, be ground to Powdered then; Three, with pulverous SiC
pSintering is 2.5 hours under 800 ℃ condition, constantly stirs in the sintering process; Four, the SiC that takes by weighing the 2A50 aluminium alloy and handle through step 3
p, SiC wherein
pAccount for 2A50 aluminium alloy and SiC
pThe volume fraction of total amount is 8vol%; Five, with load weighted SiC
pWrap with Aluminium Foil Package, put into stirring crucible then and be heated to 610 ℃, insulation 35min; Six, the 2A50 aluminium alloy is put into the melting of another one crucible, the refining slagging-off is treated to add pure magnesium behind the 2A50 aluminum alloy melting, and pure magnesium accounts for 2A50 aluminium alloy, pure magnesium and SiC
pThe weight percentage of total amount is 2%, then the 2A50 aluminium alloy is poured under 650 ℃ condition in the described stirring crucible of step 5, install stirring rod and be incubated 35min, under initial whipping temp is 640 ℃ condition, be stirred to temperature then and be reduced to 600 ℃, at last under the condition of 600 ℃ of semi-solid temperature, stir 40～60min, make semi-solid blank, when stirring, constantly adjust the position of stirring rod up and down; Seven, the semi-solid blank that step 6 is obtained is poured in the shaping dies, and press molding promptly gets the special vehicle aluminum-base composite material creeper tread; Stirring velocity in step 3, the step 6 is 875r/min.
Embodiment 13: shaping dies comprises bolt 1 in the present embodiment, top plate 2, outer punch 3, interior punch 4, cavity 5, die 6, die sleeve 7, push rod 8, lower bolster 9, core 10, bottoming hole 11, steady brace 12, disk spring 13, steady brace 14, bolt 15 and bolt 16, outer punch 3, interior punch 4, die 6 and core 10 are made one from top to bottom successively, interior punch 4 is connected with top plate 2 with butterfly spring 13 by bolt 15, top plate 2 is connected with steady brace 14 by bolt 1 with outer punch 3, interior punch 4 is positioned at the inside of outer punch 3, lower part of outer punch 3 and core 10 are positioned at the inside of die 6, core 10 links to each other by push rod 8 with lower bolster 9, die 6 links to each other by steady brace 12 with lower bolster 9, die 6 is positioned at the inside of die sleeve 7, die sleeve 7 links to each other with lower bolster 9 by bolt 16, die sleeve 7 is provided with bottoming hole 11, by interior punch 4, outer punch 3, die 6, push rod 8 and core 10 surround and form cavity 5.
Embodiment 14: as follows in conjunction with semisolid forming method for aluminum-base composite material creeper tread of special vehicle in Fig. 1 present embodiment: one, with SiC
pWith mass concentration is that 10% HF solution soaking was carried out pickling in 24 hours, and SiCp later once cleans every 1.5 hours with distilled water to pickling, is neutrality until washing lotion; Two, will be through the SiC of step 1 processing
pIn drying baker, dried 28 hours under 140 ℃ the condition, be ground to Powdered then; Three, with pulverous SiC
pSintering is 2 hours under 800 ℃ condition, constantly stirs in the sintering process; Four, the SiC that takes by weighing the 2A50 aluminium alloy and handle through step 3
p, SiC wherein
pAccount for 2A50 aluminium alloy and SiC
pThe volume fraction of total amount is 10vol%; Five, with load weighted SiC
pWrap with Aluminium Foil Package, put into stirring crucible then and be heated to 620 ℃, insulation 40min; Six, the 2A50 aluminium alloy is put into the melting of another one crucible, the refining slagging-off is treated to add pure magnesium behind the 2A50 aluminum alloy melting, and pure magnesium accounts for 2A50 aluminium alloy, pure magnesium and SiC
pThe weight percentage of total amount is 2%, then the 2A50 aluminium alloy is poured under 640 ℃ condition in the described stirring crucible of step 5, install stirring rod and be incubated 40min, under initial whipping temp is 640 ℃ condition, be stirred to temperature then and be reduced to 600 ℃, at last under the condition of 600 ℃ of semi-solid temperature, stir 60min, make semi-solid blank, when stirring, constantly adjust the position of stirring rod up and down; Seven, shaping dies is preheated to 300 ℃, when preheating temperature reaches 120～180 ℃, graphite spraying lubricant in shaping dies; Eight, the semi-solid blank that step 6 is obtained is poured in the cavity 5 in the shaping dies, press molding, during shaping, patrix (outer punch 3 and interior punch 4) is descending, interior punch 4 is under the effect of butterfly spring 13 elastic force, at first act on blank, follow compression along with butterfly spring 13, outer punch 3 acts on blank, realization is to the local loading and the feeding of grip-pad product wall portion, the tooth of leading of grip-pad patrix (outer punch 3 and interior punch 4) projection is extruded into shape by interior punch 4 is counter, promptly gets the special vehicle aluminum-base composite material creeper tread; Stirring velocity in step 3, the step 6 is 875r/min.
The used forming press of extrusion forming is the 2000KN hydropress in the present embodiment step 8.
Claims (3)
1. semisolid forming method for aluminum-base composite material creeper tread of special vehicle is characterized in that semisolid forming method for aluminum-base composite material creeper tread of special vehicle is as follows: one, with SiC
pWith mass concentration is that 10% HF solution soaking was carried out pickling in 24 hours, to pickling SiC later
pOnce cleaning every 1～2 hour with distilled water, is neutral until washing lotion; Two, will be through the SiC of step 1 processing
pIn drying baker, dried under 140 ℃ the condition 24 ~ 28 hours, be ground to Powdered then; Three, with pulverous SiC
pSintering is 2 ~ 3 hours under 800 ℃ ± 5 ℃ condition, constantly stirs in the sintering process; Four, the SiC that takes by weighing the 2A50 aluminium alloy and handle through step 3
p, SiC wherein
pAccount for 2A50 aluminium alloy and SiC
pThe volume fraction of total amount is 5vol% ~ 10vol%; Five, with load weighted SiC
pWrap with Aluminium Foil Package, put into stirring crucible then and be heated to 600 ℃～620 ℃, insulation 30～40min; Six, the 2A50 aluminium alloy is put into the melting of another one crucible, the refining slagging-off is treated to add pure magnesium behind the 2A50 aluminum alloy melting, and pure magnesium accounts for 2A50 aluminium alloy, pure magnesium and SiC
pThe weight percentage of total amount is 2%, under 640 ℃～660 ℃ condition, pour into the 2A50 aluminium alloy in the described stirring crucible of step 5 then, install stirring rod and be incubated 30～40min, under initial whipping temp is 640 ℃ condition, be stirred to temperature then and be reduced to 600 ℃, at last under the condition of 600 ℃ of semi-solid temperature, stir 40～60min, make semi-solid blank, when stirring, constantly adjust the position of stirring rod up and down; Seven, the semi-solid blank that step 6 is obtained is poured in the shaping dies, and press molding promptly gets the special vehicle aluminum-base composite material creeper tread.
2. semisolid forming method for aluminum-base composite material creeper tread of special vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step 7 semi-solid blank being poured under 600 ℃ condition in the shaping dies by compound loading acquisition aluminum-base composite material creeper tread.
3. the used shaping dies of the described semisolid forming method for aluminum-base composite material creeper tread of special vehicle of claim 1, described shaping dies comprises bolt (1), top plate (2), outer punch (3), interior punch (4), cavity (5), die (6), die sleeve (7), push rod (8), lower bolster (9), core (10), bottoming hole (11), steady brace (12), disk spring (13), steady brace (14), bolt (15) and bolt (16), outer punch (3), interior punch (4), die (6) and core (10) are made one from top to bottom successively, it is characterized in that interior punch (4) is connected with top plate (2) with butterfly spring (13) by bolt (15), top plate (2) is connected with steady brace (14) by bolt (1) with outer punch (3), interior punch (4) is positioned at the inside of outer punch (3), lower part of outer punch (3) and core (10) are positioned at the inside of die (6), core (10) links to each other by push rod (8) with lower bolster (9), die (6) links to each other by steady brace (12) with lower bolster (9), die (6) is positioned at the inside of die sleeve (7), die sleeve (7) links to each other with lower bolster (9) by bolt (16), die sleeve (7) is provided with bottoming hole (11), by interior punch (4), outer punch (3), die (6), push rod (8) and core (10) surround and form cavity (5).
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| CN102534627A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2012-07-04 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | SiC/Al composite material surface blackening method |
| CN102556190A (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2012-07-11 | 北京北方车辆集团有限公司 | Steel-aluminum composite metal track shoe |
| CN102632221A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-15 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for compounding SiC grains on surface of semisolid A356 aluminum alloy |
| CN103079725A (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2013-05-01 | 岡山县地方政府 | Magnesium alloy chips and method for manufacturing molded article in which same are used |
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| CN102534627A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2012-07-04 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | SiC/Al composite material surface blackening method |
| CN103079725A (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2013-05-01 | 岡山县地方政府 | Magnesium alloy chips and method for manufacturing molded article in which same are used |
| CN103079725B (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2014-04-02 | 岡山县地方政府 | Magnesium alloy chips and method for manufacturing molded article in which same are used |
| CN102556190A (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2012-07-11 | 北京北方车辆集团有限公司 | Steel-aluminum composite metal track shoe |
| CN102556190B (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2013-09-25 | 北京北方车辆集团有限公司 | Steel-aluminum composite metal track shoe |
| CN102632221B (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2015-03-11 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for compounding SiC grains on surface of semisolid A356 aluminum alloy |
| CN102632221A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-15 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for compounding SiC grains on surface of semisolid A356 aluminum alloy |
| CN103111601A (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2013-05-22 | 柳州市双铠工业技术有限公司 | Manufacturing process method for composite wear-resistant lining board |
| CN103111601B (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2015-02-25 | 柳州市双铠工业技术有限公司 | Manufacturing process method for composite wear-resistant lining board |
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| CN107199303A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-09-26 | 中北大学 | The integrated contour forging technique of semisolid filling-plastic deformation |
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| CN107671259A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-02-09 | 安徽金兰压铸有限公司 | Aluminum alloy junction component dispersion-strengtherning pressure casting method |
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