CN101876011B - Copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad for high-power wind turbine generator sets and preparation technique thereof - Google Patents
Copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad for high-power wind turbine generator sets and preparation technique thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101876011B CN101876011B CN2009103111838A CN200910311183A CN101876011B CN 101876011 B CN101876011 B CN 101876011B CN 2009103111838 A CN2009103111838 A CN 2009103111838A CN 200910311183 A CN200910311183 A CN 200910311183A CN 101876011 B CN101876011 B CN 101876011B
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- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-OUBTZVSYSA-N copper-65 Chemical compound [65Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad which is composed of copper, graphite, sea sand, ferrochromium, tin and ferrosilicon. The preparation technique comprises the following steps: weighing the powder components according to the proportion, incorporating zinc stearate and aviation kerosene, and evenly mixing; pressing into a pressed compact; and putting the pressed compact on a steel backing of which the surface is plated with copper, covering a graphite plate on the surface of the pressed compact, pressure-sintering in a sintering furnace in a gradient-temperature gradient-pressure mode, cooling in a water-cooling hood to room temperature, and discharging to obtain the copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad blank. The invention has the advantages of reasonable component proportioning, convenient manufacture, favorable wearability and long service life; the service life and braking performance of the brake pad can meet the braking requirements for a high speed shaft in the wind turbine generator set of which the power is greater than 2.5 MW; and the brake pad can be industrially produced, and has wide industrialization prospects.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of powder metallurgy brake pad and preparation technology, be meant a kind of high-power wind turbine unit copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad and preparation technology thereof especially; Be a kind of high performance and long service life copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad and preparation technology who is applied to the high-power wind turbine unit specifically, belong to powder metallurgical technology.
Background technology:
Wind energy is known as " blue sky anthracite ", is one of whole world regenerative resource of attracting attention.The development of high-power homemade wind power generating set (more than the 2.5MW) and use are listed in Eleventh Five-Year Plan national science and technology supporting plan major project, are the important leverages that China's realization the year two thousand fifty wind-powered electricity generation accounts for the great-leap-forward development plan realization of the total electric weight 10% in the whole nation.High speed shaft braking in the wind-powered electricity generation unit has the outstanding feature of " three height (high torque and high pressure at a high speed) special (special wind sand environment) " with friction pair, adopting powder metallurgy friction material pairing structural alloy steel to join pair on the application choice of friction pair material, is the security of high-power wind turbine unit and the important leverage system of reliability.Brake pad is the attrition component in the high-power wind turbine unit brake apparatus, needs periodic replacement.The powder metallurgy brake pad material is one of critical material in the high-power wind turbine unit brake apparatus, utilize the brake pad material and the frictional force of pairing disc material to make the kinetic energy of high-power wind turbine unit change the energy of heat energy and other form into, be dispersed in the air, thereby make brake apparatus reach the effect of braking.
The main powder metallurgy brake lining that uses of high-power wind turbine unit braking at present.Existing powder metallurgy does not generally design special wear-resisting wiping component owing at the material design aspect, do not consider that the harshness of wind-powered electricity generation braking requires and high coefficient of friction.Exist brake force deficiency, poor reliability, service life short and to technological deficiencies such as the brake disc damage are big.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art and provide that a kind of reasonable mixture ratio of components, convenient processing and manufacture, wearability are good, the high-power wind turbine unit of long service life is with copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad and preparation technology thereof.
A kind of high-power wind turbine unit copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad of the present invention, by the percentage composition by weight of following component:
Copper 65～75
Graphite 10～15
Sea sand 1～3
Ferrochrome 10～15
Tin 1～3
Ferrosilicon 1～3.
A kind of high-power wind turbine unit of the present invention copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad preparation technology comprises step:
The first step: preparation brake pad material compound
According to the gross mass of compound by concrete set of dispense than the powder that takes by weighing each component, mix the zinc stearate and the aviation kerosine of compound gross mass 1 ~ 2%, mix;
Second step: produce powder compact
First step gained compound is poured in the die cavity of pressing mold,, made pressed compact with the compacting of 350～600MPa pressure;
The 3rd step: support steel backing and prepare
Adopt steel plate process support steel backing, supporting the copper facing of steel backing surface electrical, electrodeposited coating thickness 10～20 μ m;
The 4th step: the pressure sintering of powder compact
The second step gained powder compact is positioned on the assigned position of steel backing, graphite cake is covered on described powder compact, insert and carry out pressure sintering in the sintering furnace; Pressure sintering technology is as follows: furnace pressure: furnace temperature is below 700 ℃, and the control furnace pressure is 1.0～2MPa, 700 ℃ to 950 ℃ of furnace temperature, and the control furnace pressure is: 2～3MPa; Furnace atmosphere: hydrogen shield atmosphere; Temperature increasing schedule: be warming up to 600～620 ℃ with 5～10 ℃/minute speed, then, be warming up to 850～950 ℃, be incubated and add water-cooling cover after 2～4 hours and be cooled to normal temperature with 2～5 ℃/minute speed, come out of the stove, promptly obtain copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad base of the present invention.
The present invention adopts said components prescription and processing technology by material design and manufacturing process research, with respect to existing powder metallurgy brake lining material and technology of preparing, has the following advantages:
1, adopt aviation kerosine and zinc stearate as hybrid adhesive, on the one hand, aviation kerosine can effectively improve the uniformity that graphite mixes, and on the other hand, zinc stearate can improve the adhesive property of material, guarantees that the material pressing process does not ftracture;
2, at the material design aspect, adopted high-load bulky grain ferrochrome as the friction constituent element, mixing of bulky grain ferrochrome, can effectively improve the wearability of material, enough and stable coefficient of frictions have been obtained, overcome and adopted granule low content ferrochrome in the past, material can not satisfy the drawback of instructions for use, and the material that the present invention is obtained has high, stable coefficient of friction and high braking moment;
3, in order to adopt gradient increased temperature and classification pressure sintering technology, can guarantee each composition constituent element sufficient reacting and guarantee that brake pad keeps homogeneous deformation at thickness direction in sintering process, avoid taking place the bulging phenomenon, guarantee that effectively each constituent element of densified and material of brake lining material fully reacts; Prepared product property parameter reaches: density (g/cm
3): 4.8-6.8; Brinell hardness (HB): 0-50; Compression strength (MPa): 〉=80; Porosity (%)＜2.0; Satisfy power fully greater than 2.5MW wind-powered electricity generation unit high speed shaft brake request.
In sum, reasonable mixture ratio of components of the present invention, convenient processing and manufacture, good, the long service life of wearability; Its service life and braking ability can satisfy power greater than 2.5MW wind-powered electricity generation unit high speed shaft brake request, can realize suitability for industrialized production, and industrialization prospect is good.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention describes in detail below in conjunction with embodiment,
Embodiment 1
The brake material constituent element is (percentage by weight): copper 70, graphite 11, extra large sand 2, tin 3, ferrochrome 11, ferrosilicon 3.
Manufacturing process is as follows:
Zinc stearate=1: 1) and adopt the three-dimensional blender device to mix after mixing by proportioning, each component mixes the aviation kerosine of compound gross mass 1 ~ 2% and zinc stearate (aviation kerosine:; Compound is pressed into powder compact with 600MPa pressure; Adopt No. 45 steel plates of thickness 2.5mm to be processed into steel backing, copper facing, thickness of coating 10～20 μ m; Pressed compact pressure sintering technology is as follows: furnace pressure is: furnace temperature is below 700 ℃, and the control furnace pressure is 1.0MPa, 700 ℃ to 850 ℃ of furnace temperature, and the control furnace pressure is: 2MPa; Furnace atmosphere: hydrogen shield atmosphere; Temperature increasing schedule is: be warming up to 600 ℃ with 5 ℃/minute speed, then, be warming up to 850 ℃ with 2 ℃/minute speed, be incubated and add water-cooling cover after 2 hours and be cooled to normal temperature, come out of the stove; Resulting copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad base, performance parameter is: density (g/cm
3): 6.1～6.3; Brinell hardness (HB): 20～40; Compression strength (MPa): 100～120; Porosity (%): 1.6～1.8; At rotation speed n=6500rpm, inertia J=1.0kg.cm.s
2, brake pressure P=1.0MPa brakes 10 times, and average friction coefficient is: μ=0.40～0.45;
With the copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad base of present embodiment preparation by product size requirements processing after, be applied to the braking of 2.5MW wind-powered electricity generation unit high speed shaft, through the reality application test of installing, meet design requirement fully.
Embodiment 2:
The brake material constituent element is (percentage by weight): copper 75, graphite 10, extra large sand 3, tin 1, ferrochrome 10, ferrosilicon 1.
Manufacturing process is as follows:
Zinc stearate=1: 1) and adopt the three-dimensional blender device to mix after mixing by proportioning, each component mixes the aviation kerosine of compound gross mass 1 ~ 2% and zinc stearate (aviation kerosine:; Compound is with pressing pressure 500MPa shaping powder compact; Adopt No. 45 steel plates of thickness 2.5mm to be processed into steel backing, copper facing, thickness of coating 10～20 μ m; Pressed compact pressure sintering technology is as follows: furnace pressure is: furnace temperature is below 700 ℃, and the control furnace pressure is 1.5MPa, 700 ℃ to 850 ℃ of furnace temperature, and the control furnace pressure is: 2.5MPa; Furnace atmosphere: hydrogen shield atmosphere; Temperature increasing schedule is: be warming up to 610 ℃ with 7 ℃/minute speed, then, be warming up to 900 ℃ with 3 ℃/minute speed, be incubated and add water-cooling cover after 3 hours and be cooled to normal temperature, come out of the stove; Resulting copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad base, performance parameter is: density (g/cm
3): 6.3～6.7; Brinell hardness (HB): 20～40; Compression strength (MPa): 100～120; Porosity (%): 1.5～1.7. is at rotation speed n=6500rpm, inertia J=1.0kg.cm.s
2, brake pressure P=1.0MPa brakes 10 times, and average friction coefficient is: μ=0.38～0.43;
With the copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad base of present embodiment preparation by product size requirements processing after, be applied to the braking of 2.5MW wind-powered electricity generation unit high speed shaft, through the reality application test of installing, meet design requirement fully.
Embodiment 3:
The brake material constituent element is (percentage by weight): 65 bronze medals, 15 graphite, 1 extra large sand, 2 tin, 15 ferrochrome, 2 ferrosilicon.
Manufacturing process is as follows:
Zinc stearate=1: 1) and adopt the three-dimensional blender device to mix after mixing by proportioning, each component mixes the aviation kerosine of compound gross mass 1 ~ 2% and zinc stearate (aviation kerosine:; Compound is with pressing pressure 350MPa shaping powder compact; Adopt No. 45 steel plates of thickness 2.5mm to be processed into steel backing, copper facing, thickness of coating 10～20 μ m; Pressed compact pressure sintering technology is as follows: furnace pressure is: furnace temperature is below 700 ℃, and the control furnace pressure is 2MPa, 700 ℃ to 850 ℃ of furnace temperature, and the control furnace pressure is: 3MPa; Furnace atmosphere: hydrogen shield atmosphere; Temperature increasing schedule is: be warming up to 620 ℃ with 10 ℃/minute speed, then, be warming up to 950 ℃ with 5 ℃/minute speed, be incubated and add water-cooling cover after 3 hours and be cooled to normal temperature, come out of the stove; Resulting copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad base, performance parameter is: density (g/cm
3): 5.2～6.0; Brinell hardness (HB): 30～50; Compression strength (MPa): 110～130; Porosity (%): 1.5～1.8; At rotation speed n=6500rpm, inertia J=1.0kg.cm.s
2, brake pressure P=1.0MPa brakes 10 times, and average friction coefficient is: μ=0.36～0.40;
With the copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad base of present embodiment preparation by product size requirements processing after, be applied to the braking of 2.5MW wind-powered electricity generation unit high speed shaft, through the reality application test of installing, meet design requirement fully.
Claims (1)
1. a high-power wind turbine unit may further comprise the steps with the preparation technology of copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad:
The first step: preparation brake pad material compound
According to the gross mass of compound by concrete set of dispense than the powder that takes by weighing each component, mix the zinc stearate and the aviation kerosine of compound gross mass 1～2%, mix; Described compound is made up of following compositions in weight percentage: copper 65～75, graphite 10～15, extra large sand 1～3, ferrochrome 10～15, tin 1～3, ferrosilicon 1～3;
Second step: produce powder compact
First step gained compound is poured in the die cavity of pressing mold,, made pressed compact with the compacting of 350～600MPa pressure;
The 3rd step: support steel backing and prepare
Adopt steel plate process support steel backing, supporting the copper facing of steel backing surface electrical, electrodeposited coating thickness 10～20 μ m;
The 4th step: the pressure sintering of powder compact
The second step gained powder compact is positioned on the assigned position of steel backing, graphite cake is covered on described powder compact, insert and carry out pressure sintering in the sintering furnace; Pressure sintering technology is as follows: furnace pressure: furnace temperature is below 700 ℃, and the control furnace pressure is 1.0～2MPa, 700 ℃ to 950 ℃ of furnace temperature, and the control furnace pressure is: 2～3 MPa; Furnace atmosphere: hydrogen shield atmosphere; Temperature increasing schedule: be warming up to 600～620 ℃ with 5～10 ℃/minute speed, then, be warming up to 850～950 ℃, be incubated and add water-cooling cover after 2～4 hours and be cooled to normal temperature, come out of the stove, promptly obtain the copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad with 2～5 ℃/minute speed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009103111838A CN101876011B (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2009-12-10 | Copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad for high-power wind turbine generator sets and preparation technique thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009103111838A CN101876011B (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2009-12-10 | Copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad for high-power wind turbine generator sets and preparation technique thereof |
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| CN101876011A CN101876011A (en) | 2010-11-03 |
| CN101876011B true CN101876011B (en) | 2011-12-07 |
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| CN2009103111838A Expired - Fee Related CN101876011B (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2009-12-10 | Copper-base powder metallurgy brake pad for high-power wind turbine generator sets and preparation technique thereof |
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| CN102002609A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-04-06 | 中南大学 | Copper-base powder metallurgical brake pad material for sea-base wind turbine generator system and preparation process thereof |
| CN102653670A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-05 | 北京古特莱航空科技发展有限公司 | Metal ceramic friction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102676871A (en) * | 2011-03-09 | 2012-09-19 | 北京古特莱航空科技发展有限公司 | Sintered friction material for brake of wind power generation equipment and its preparation method |
| CN103567448A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-02-12 | 铜陵国方水暖科技有限责任公司 | Powder metallurgy wind power pivoting support and preparation method thereof |
| CN103639404B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2016-03-23 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of Brake pad material for high-power wind turbine generator and preparation technology thereof |
| CN103785824B (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2017-05-03 | 北京优材百慕航空器材有限公司 | Powder metallurgy friction pair for braking of heavy-load vehicle and preparation technology thereof |
| DE102016111122A1 (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-12-21 | Hoerbiger Antriebstechnik Holding Gmbh | Sintered friction material for a friction lining |
| CN106424709A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-02-22 | 广西南宁智翠科技咨询有限公司 | High hardness powder metallurgy material for train brake lining |
| CN106424710A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-02-22 | 广西南宁智翠科技咨询有限公司 | High compression resistant strength powder metallurgy material for train brake lining |
| CN109807321B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2021-04-13 | 山东百德瑞轨道交通科技有限公司 | High-performance wind power high-speed shaft brake pad and preparation method thereof |
| CN112342429A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-09 | 北京瑞斯福高新科技股份有限公司 | Powder metallurgy connecting material and using method thereof |
| CN112517904A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-19 | 无锡科宇模具有限公司 | Preparation method of tough anti-friction part |
| CN112981171B (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-06-17 | 郑州轻工业大学 | Copper-based powder metallurgy friction material containing mixed graphite and preparation method |
| DE202021107028U1 (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-02-16 | Global Tech I Offshore Wind Gmbh | Braking device for a wind power plant to increase the wear resistance and minimize the accumulation of brake dust in such a braking device |
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