CN101875990A - Device and method for smelting iron by gasifying cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets - Google Patents
Device and method for smelting iron by gasifying cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets Download PDFInfo
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- CN101875990A CN101875990A CN2009102497709A CN200910249770A CN101875990A CN 101875990 A CN101875990 A CN 101875990A CN 2009102497709 A CN2009102497709 A CN 2009102497709A CN 200910249770 A CN200910249770 A CN 200910249770A CN 101875990 A CN101875990 A CN 101875990A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for smelting iron by gasifying cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets. The cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets are used as raw materials, coal gasification and direct reductive iron making are performed by sectional air inlet and partial hot coal gas return in a shaft furnace, and metallurgical coke is not needed. The coal-containing iron powder pellets are coldly pressed and molded by adopting binder compounded by organic binder and inorganic binder, and the coal-containing iron powder pellets are directly charged into a furnace to perform pre-heating and drying enhancement, dry distillation, gasification, pre-reduction and melting reduction to produce molten iron. The middle lower part of the shaft furnace is provided with two to three rows of air inlets, the lower air inlets supply high-temperature air by adopting partial hot coal gas return and preheated oxygen-rich air combustion, and the upper one to two rows of air inlets supply preheated oxygen-rich air; and the top of the shaft furnace is provided with a coal gas outlet, while the bottom is provided with a slag outlet and a siphon type molten iron outlet. The invention has the advantages of full avoidance of sintering, pellets and coking plant investment due to direct utilization of fine ore and powdered coal for smelting, elimination of coking pollution, extremely low comprehensive investment, reasonable heat utilization, extremely low comprehensive energy consumption, high coal gas heat value, low pollution, low equipment fault rate, unlimited scale, easy casting and electric furnace steelmaking, short flow, low cost and easy operation.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of apparatus and method of smelting iron by gasifying cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets, it belongs to fused reduction iron-smelting and coal chemical technology.
Two, background technology
The existing hundreds of years history of blast furnace in modern age, its technology has reached quite perfect stage.But when it improves day by day and maximizes, also brought long flow path, invested problems such as big and contaminate environment.Coking coal resource is limited in the world, and the coking coal of China is also not enough, and process of coking is seriously polluted.China has been world steel big producing country, and pig iron output is first of the world.Nineteen ninety-five, pig iron output surpassed 100,000,000 tons, and coke output reaches 7,200 ten thousand tons, not only will consume more than 100,000,000 ton of coking coal every year, and so a large amount of coke production is very important especially to the pollution of environment.
Because coking coal resource is shortage day by day, coke oven wears out gradually and people pollute growing interest to coke oven, and since the eighties, each developed country seeks to develop coke-free ironmaking technology one after another: melting and reducing and direct reduction iron making technology.Fused reduction iron-smelting is a briquet replacing coke and directly with fine ore ironmaking, thereby does not only have coking but also do not have sintering or pelletizing plant, makes the ironmaking process simplification, and purpose is to replace blast furnace, is the direction of ironmaking technology development.
People are divided into melting and reducing " single stage method " melting and reducing and " two step method " melting and reducing with " having or not prereduction " traditionally.The melting and reducing flow process adopts two step method more at present, promptly earlier in shaft furnace (lump ore) or fluidized-bed (fine ore) ore is carried out prereduction, and then enters end reducing furnace.Add coal and oxygen in end reducing furnace, coal combustion produces heat and H
2, reducing gas such as CO, will through the ore deposit fusing of prereduction flow process and further reduction generate molten iron and slag, H
2Then make reductive agent with CO for reduction furnace.The smelting reduction process of only suitability for industrialized production is the Corex flow process at present.The advantage of Corex technology is need not be burnt with coal, does not have coke oven to pollute, and weak point is directly to use fine ore, consumes high.Its improved direction is to reduce coal consumption and oxygen consumption, and utilizes its output coal gas economically.
" single stage method " melting and reducing has only smelting reduction, and the prereduction of iron ore rate is a melting reduction iron-smelting method truly near 0.Be pre-mixed with iron ore powder with as the coal of reductive agent, and be formed as pelletizing or press blocky agglomerate mixture, the process quilt that directly " single stage method " melting and reducing is produced molten iron in shaft furnace after the preheating oven dry it is believed that the ironmaking of one of prospect new technology is arranged most.
Three, summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of apparatus and method of improved smelting iron by gasifying cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets, it is the production efficiency height not only, and Btu utilization is reasonable, and comprehensive energy consumption is extremely low, and equipment is simple.
In order to achieve the above object, the device of smelting iron by gasifying cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets of the present invention, it by last opening for feed, solid state reduction and gaseous section of preheating, melting and reducing section, slag iron segregation section, go up blast inlet, the tap a blast furnace mouth of a river, emergent management mouth, slag notch, oxygen-enriched inlet, induced draft fan, gas exit etc. of blast inlet, water-cooling jacket, hydrocone type are formed down.It is characterized in that solid state reduction and gaseous section of preheating, melting and reducing section and slag iron segregation section design from top to bottom successively at the same burner hearth of shaft furnace, liner insulating lining; Solid state reduction and gaseous section top of preheating is last opening for feed, and the side is a gas exit, and the bottom is provided with blast inlet on the 1-2 row therein; Melting and reducing section outside is provided with water-cooling jacket, and the middle and lower part is provided with down blast inlet; Slag iron segregation section bottom is provided with hydrocone type the tap a blast furnace mouth of a river and emergent management mouth, and the middle and upper part is provided with slag notch; Last blast inlet is that annular is enclosed airduct, directly links to each other with oxygen-enriched inlet; Following blast inlet links to each other with induced draft fan with oxygen-enriched inlet for many burner noz(zle)s for evenly arranging along circumference.
Utilize the method for corresponding device gasification iron making of the present invention, it is characterized in that this method is used and contain coal 15-30% cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets and be raw material, directly from the last opening for feed adding of shaft furnace; The cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets is at preheating solid state reduction and gaseous section preheating, drying, destructive distillation, gasification and solid reduction, the oxygen-rich air burning that part coal gas is blasted from last blast inlet is self-produced personal, to guarantee that the prereduction temperature is at 1150-1250 ℃, a large amount of coal gas are discharged from the gas exit of shaft furnace top-side, and part is returned down blast inlet by the induced draft fan circulation; The pelletizing of prereduction falls into the melting and reducing section, returned heating gas and oxygen-rich air mixed firing by the part that blasts from following many burner noz(zle)s of blast inlet, guarantee that the melting and reducing temperature is at 1500～1700 ℃, pelletizing melts also original production molten iron, and the coal gas of high temperature that reduction produces upwards flow into solid state reduction and gaseous section of preheating; Molten iron and slag flow into slag iron segregation section, and slag is discharged by slag notch, and the interfacial level of stable molten iron-slag is discharged and kept to molten iron by the hydrocone type mouth of a river of tapping a blast furnace; Slag iron segregation section bottom is provided with the emergent management mouth, guarantees emptying when shut-down or emergency episode.
Described cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets is characterized in that being made up of coal dust, powdered iron ore, lime powder, binding agent and water mixing coldmoulding, wherein coal dust content 15-20%, powdered iron ore 50-60%, binding agent 4-6%, water 12-18% and lime powder 2-5%.Binding agent is more than one in ammonium humate, the pre-gelatinized starch.
Described oxygen-rich air is to contain oxygen to be not less than 21% air or oxygen.
Four, description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the apparatus structure synoptic diagram of invention.
The drawing of accompanying drawing is established bright as follows:
1, go up opening for feed 2, shaft furnace 3, solid state reduction and gaseous section 4 of preheating, go up blast inlet 5, water-cooling jacket 6, melting and reducing section 7, the tap a blast furnace mouth of a river 10, emergent management mouth 11, slag notch 12, oxygen-enriched inlet 13, induced draft fan 14, gas exit of blast inlet 8, slag iron segregation section 9, hydrocone type down
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples in detail process characteristic of the present invention is described in detail.
Five, embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing: the device of smelting iron by gasifying cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets, it by last opening for feed (1), preheating solid state reduction and gaseous section (3), melting and reducing section (6), slag iron segregation section (8), go up blast inlet (4), the tap a blast furnace mouth of a river (9), emergent management mouth (10), slag notch (11), oxygen-enriched inlet (12), induced draft fan (13), gas exit (14) etc. of blast inlet (7), water-cooling jacket (5), hydrocone type are formed down.It is characterized in that preheating solid state reduction and gaseous section (3), melting and reducing section (6) and slag iron segregation section (8) design from top to bottom successively at the same burner hearth of shaft furnace (2), liner insulating lining; Solid state reduction and gaseous section top of preheating (3) is last opening for feed (1), and the side is gas exit (14), and the bottom is provided with blast inlet on the 1-2 row (4) therein; Melting and reducing section (6) outside is provided with water-cooling jacket (5), and the middle and lower part is provided with down blast inlet (7); Insulation slag iron segregation section (8) bottom is provided with hydrocone type the tap a blast furnace mouth of a river (9) and emergent management mouth (10), and the middle and upper part is provided with slag notch (11); Last blast inlet (4) encloses airduct for annular, directly links to each other with oxygen-enriched inlet (12); Following blast inlet (7) links to each other with induced draft fan (13) with oxygen-enriched inlet (12) for many burner noz(zle)s for evenly arranging along circumference.
Utilize the method for corresponding device gasification iron making of the present invention, it is characterized in that this method is used and contain coal 15-30% cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets and be raw material that directly the last opening for feed (1) from shaft furnace (2) adds; The cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets is at preheating solid state reduction and gaseous section (3) preheating, drying, destructive distillation, gasification and solid reduction, the oxygen-rich air burning that part coal gas is blasted from last blast inlet (4) is self-produced personal, to guarantee that the prereduction temperature is at 1150-1250 ℃, a large amount of coal gas are discharged from the gas exit (14) of shaft furnace (2) top-side, and part is returned down blast inlet (7) by induced draft fan (13) circulation; The pelletizing of prereduction falls into melting and reducing section (3), returned heating gas and oxygen-rich air mixed firing by the part that blasts from following many burner noz(zle)s of blast inlet (7), guarantee that the melting and reducing temperature is at 1500～1700 ℃, pelletizing melts also original production molten iron, and the coal gas of high temperature that reduction produces upwards flow into solid state reduction and gaseous section of preheating (3); Molten iron and slag flow into slag iron segregation section (8), and slag is discharged by slag notch (11), and the interfacial level of stable molten iron-slag is discharged and kept to molten iron by the hydrocone type mouth of a river (9) of tapping a blast furnace; Slag iron segregation section (8) bottom is provided with emergent management mouth (10), guarantees emptying when shut-down or emergency episode.
Described cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets, it is characterized in that forming by coal dust, powdered iron ore, lime powder, binding agent and water mixing coldmoulding, wherein coal dust content 15-20%, powdered iron ore 50-60%, binding agent 4-6%, water 12-18% and lime powder 2-5%, binding agent is more than one in ammonium humate, the pre-gelatinized starch.
Described oxygen-rich air is to contain oxygen to be not less than 21% air or oxygen.
The present invention has following useful effect: directly utilize fine ore, fine coal to smelt, exempted sintering, pelletizing, coking plant investment fully, eliminated the coking pollution; Comprehensive investment is few, and the heat utilization is reasonable, and comprehensive energy consumption is extremely low, coal gas calorific value height; Coal Gas Cooling Water is used for containing the coal iron powder pellets batch mixing, pollutes very little; The equipment failure rate is low, scale is changeable, is easy to coproduction casting and electric furnace steel making; Flow process is short, and cost is low, easily operation.
Claims (4)
1. the device of a smelting iron by gasifying cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets, by last opening for feed, solid state reduction and gaseous section of preheating, melting and reducing section, slag iron segregation section, go up blast inlet, the tap a blast furnace mouth of a river, emergent management mouth, slag notch, oxygen-enriched inlet, induced draft fan, gas exit etc. of blast inlet, water-cooling jacket, hydrocone type are formed down, it is characterized in that solid state reduction and gaseous section of preheating, melting and reducing section and slag iron segregation section design from top to bottom successively at the same burner hearth of shaft furnace, liner insulating lining; Solid state reduction and gaseous section top of preheating is last opening for feed, and the side is a gas exit, and the bottom is provided with blast inlet on the 1-2 row therein; Melting and reducing section outside is provided with water-cooling jacket, and the middle and lower part is provided with down blast inlet; Slag iron segregation section bottom is provided with hydrocone type the tap a blast furnace mouth of a river and emergent management mouth, and the middle and upper part is provided with slag notch; Last blast inlet is that annular is enclosed airduct, directly links to each other with oxygen-enriched inlet; Following blast inlet links to each other with induced draft fan with oxygen-enriched inlet for many burner noz(zle)s for evenly arranging along circumference.
2. method of utilizing the described device gasification iron making of claim 1 is characterized in that this method is used and contains coal 15-30% cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets and be raw material, directly from the last opening for feed adding of shaft furnace; The cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets is at preheating solid state reduction and gaseous section preheating, drying, destructive distillation, gasification and solid reduction, the oxygen-rich air burning that part coal gas is blasted from last blast inlet is self-produced personal, to guarantee that the prereduction temperature is at 1150-1250 ℃, a large amount of coal gas are discharged from the gas exit of shaft furnace top-side, and part is returned down blast inlet by the induced draft fan circulation; The pelletizing of prereduction falls into the melting and reducing section, returned heating gas and oxygen-rich air mixed firing by the part that blasts from following many burner noz(zle)s of blast inlet, guarantee that the melting and reducing temperature is at 1500～1700 ℃, pelletizing melts also original production molten iron, and the coal gas of high temperature that reduction produces upwards flow into solid state reduction and gaseous section of preheating; Molten iron and slag flow into slag iron segregation section, and slag is discharged by slag notch, and the interfacial level of stable molten iron-slag is discharged and kept to molten iron by the hydrocone type mouth of a river of tapping a blast furnace; Slag iron segregation section bottom is provided with the emergent management mouth, guarantees emptying when shut-down or emergency episode.
3. according to the method under the claim 2, it is characterized in that the cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets is made up of coal dust, powdered iron ore, lime powder, binding agent and water mixing coldmoulding, coal dust content 15-20%, powdered iron ore 50-60%, binding agent 4-6%, water 12-18% and lime powder 2-5%, binding agent are more than one in ammonium humate, the pre-gelatinized starch.
4. according to the method under the claim 2, it is characterized in that oxygen-rich air is to contain oxygen to be not less than 21% air or oxygen.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009102497709A CN101875990A (en) | 2009-12-02 | 2009-12-02 | Device and method for smelting iron by gasifying cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets |
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| CN2009102497709A CN101875990A (en) | 2009-12-02 | 2009-12-02 | Device and method for smelting iron by gasifying cold bonded coal-containing iron powder pellets |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102296138A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2011-12-28 | 中陕金属矿业有限公司 | Method for preparing ferrovanadium intermetallic compound and titanium slags by linear moving bed prereduction and shaft furnace melting process |
| CN103194557A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-07-10 | 姜尊瀚 | Novel gas fusing and melting furnace |
| WO2023138057A1 (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2023-07-27 | 山东祥桓环境科技有限公司 | Cyclone- and molten iron wall-based smelting apparatus and method |
-
2009
- 2009-12-02 CN CN2009102497709A patent/CN101875990A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102296138A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2011-12-28 | 中陕金属矿业有限公司 | Method for preparing ferrovanadium intermetallic compound and titanium slags by linear moving bed prereduction and shaft furnace melting process |
| CN102296138B (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2013-07-31 | 陕西延长石油中陕金属矿业有限公旬 | Method for preparing ferrovanadium intermetallic compound and titanium slags by linear moving bed prereduction and shaft furnace melting process |
| CN103194557A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-07-10 | 姜尊瀚 | Novel gas fusing and melting furnace |
| WO2023138057A1 (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2023-07-27 | 山东祥桓环境科技有限公司 | Cyclone- and molten iron wall-based smelting apparatus and method |
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Application publication date: 20101103 |