CN101871980A - Combined lightning monitoring and forecasting system - Google Patents
Combined lightning monitoring and forecasting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101871980A CN101871980A CN201010196850A CN201010196850A CN101871980A CN 101871980 A CN101871980 A CN 101871980A CN 201010196850 A CN201010196850 A CN 201010196850A CN 201010196850 A CN201010196850 A CN 201010196850A CN 101871980 A CN101871980 A CN 101871980A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined lightning monitoring and forecasting system. A lightning alarming instrument is arranged at the right upper end of an L bracket and toward the sky; an atmospheric electric field instrument is arranged at the tail end of the L bracket and toward the ground; transmission terminals of the two instruments are connected with a signal acquisition and processing device which has the following structure that: the atmospheric electric field instrument comprises two paths of output terminals, one path is that an electric field signal of the electric field instrument is sequentially connected in series with a band-pass filter, a phase regulating circuit, an electric field signal amplifier and an isolating circuit, while the other path is that a synchronous signal of the electric field instrument is connected in series with a synchronous signal amplifier, an integrator, an adjustable comparator and a phase inverter; both the two paths of the output terminals are connected with a synchronous detector which is connected with a low-pass filter, a regulating circuit, an A/D converter and a display; the regulating circuit is connected with a window comparator, a low-frequency signal generator, an audio signal generator and acoustic and optical alarm equipment; a signal processor of a global positioning system (GPS) is connected with a GPS time display and a central processing unit respectively; and the lightning alarming instrument and the A/D converter are connected with the central processing unit respectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lightning monitoring and early warning field, particularly a kind of combined lightning monitoring and forecast system.
Background technology
Along with the frequency and the seriousness of thunder and lightning disaster, various places are more and more paid attention to the protection and the early warning of thunder and lightning.Lightning monitoring and forecast at present, the general both at home and abroad rotary electric field instrument (Electric field mill) that uses, be atmospheric electric field detector again, be based on the electrostatic effect of thunder and lightning, forecast that by measuring the advantage of the situation of thunder and lightning development, this instrument is to monitor the overall process that thunder and lightning takes place, develops, dissipates by the size and the change in polarity of the electrostatic field that produces in the thundercloud electrifying process, its shortcoming is that monitoring range is little, can only monitor the lightening activity in measuring point radius 8～9km scope, and the warning thresholding is difficult to set up.The formation of thunder and lightning is the comprehensive effect of multiple meteorologic factor, the generation of thunder and lightning is accompanied by many effects such as sound, light, electricity, heat again and produces, wherein sound, light, heat are of short duration, be just having at that moment of lightning generation, having electrical effect only is to run through the overall process that thunder and lightning takes place, develops into dissipation.This is to use atmospheric electric field detector to lightning monitoring and forecast main cause.But be defective only,, obtained the effect of getting twice the result with half the effort so adopt the electrostatic effect and the Electromagnetic Environmental Effect of thunder and lightning to monitor simultaneously in this method to single electrostatic effect monitoring.Based on the time power transformation magnetic field effect thunder alarm instrument (ZL 200920105678.0) simple in structure, monitoring range is big, the warning thresholding is wide, long working life is cheap, and is obvious to the lightning monitoring effect.But it can not detect, and thundercloud electrifies, the electrostatic effect in development and the evanishment, similar with lightning positioning system, what monitor is the effect that lightning produces, so in the whole process of lightening activity, if lightning occurs in the sky (although this possibility is very considerably less) of monitoring point first, just can not show prediction effect in this case, at this moment atmospheric electric field detector has just in time remedied this defective.Two kinds of instruments are used, and have reached complementary effect.Except that the monitoring and early warning that can be used for thunder and lightning emphasis defence area such as space flight base and meteorological station, and be the protection effect of check apparatus for preventing thunderbolt and the most direct means of reliability thereof.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: will be suitable for thunder and lightning and the environmental monitoring of near-earth atmospheric electricity with atmospheric electric field detector and based on the time power transformation magnetic field effect thunder alarm instrument organically combine and constitute the easiest, the most cheap, multi-functional, the most tangible combined lightning monitoring of effect and forecast system, this combined lightning monitoring and forecast system are got both chiefs, a little less than remedying each other, reach best monitoring and early warning effect; Both can overcome fail to report, the wrong report problem, can monitor again that thunder and lightning takes place, development and the overall process that dissipates, and enlarge monitoring range, call time in advance also have bigger in advance, can also monitor thunder and lightning from far near with by nearly trend to development far away.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Combined lightning monitoring provided by the invention and forecast system, it comprises: be suitable for atmospheric electric field detector 28 that thunder and lightning and the environmental monitoring of near-earth atmospheric electricity use and based on the time power transformation magnetic field effect thunder alarm instrument 29; It is characterized in that: also comprise signals collecting and treating apparatus 0;
Described thunder alarm instrument 29 and described atmospheric electric field detector 28 are loaded on the same inversion type L type tubular bracket 14, and thunder alarm instrument 29 is fixed on the positive upper end of L type tubular bracket 14; Sensor 16 is positioned at the top of thunder alarm instrument 29, and sensor 16 is towards the sky, and introduces conductor 17 and insulator 18 is electrically connected with thunder alarm instrument 29 by signal; Atmospheric electric field detector 28 is fixed on the end of the L of inversion type L type support 14, and sensor cover earthward;
The signal-transmitting cable 24 of described thunder alarm instrument 29 and the cable 13 of described atmospheric electric field detector 28 are electrically connected with signals collecting and treating apparatus 0 by same inversion type L type tubular bracket 14 inner chambers;
Described signals collecting and treating apparatus structure are as follows:
Described atmospheric electric field detector 28 output terminals divide two-way, and wherein one the tunnel is: the electric field signal output terminal of described atmospheric electric field detector 28 is connected with bandpass filter 30, phase regulating circuit 31, electric field signal amplifier 32 and buffer circuit 33 successively; Another road is: the synchronous signal output end of described atmospheric electric field detector 28 is connected with sync amplifier 34, integrator 35, adjustable comparer 36 and phase inverter 37 successively; The end output terminal of above-mentioned two-way is electrically connected with lock detector 38 input ends respectively; Described lock detector 38 output terminals are electrically connected with low-pass filter 39, measurement range regulating circuit 40, A/D transducer 41 and display 42 input end tandems more successively; Described measurement range regulating circuit 40 output terminals also are electrically connected with the input end tandem of window comparator 44, low frequency generator 45, audio signal generator 46 harmony, light crossing-signal 47 successively;
The GPS receiving antenna 48 is electrically connected with the input end tandem of GPS receiver module 49 and gps signal processor 50 successively, and the output terminal of gps signal processor 50 is electrically connected with gps time display 51 input ends and central processing unir 43 input end tandems respectively;
Described thunder alarm instrument 29 output terminals and A/D transducer 41 input ends are electrically connected, and A/D transducer 41 output terminals link to each other with central processing unir 43 input ends electricity.
Described bandpass filter 30 is used to reduce the influence of civil power 50Hz and harmonic wave equipment circuit thereof, improves the measuring accuracy of instrument in the small-signal section; Described phase regulating circuit 31 makes the phase place of electric field signal and synchronous square wave identical, guarantees the measuring accuracy of instrument; Described electric field signal amplifier 32 further amplifies signal, so that satisfy the measurement range of instrument; Described buffer circuit 33 reduces the influence of late-class circuit to the electric field signal amplifier, improves the stability of instrument; Sync amplifier 34 zooms into pulse signal with synchronous small-signal; Integrator 35 and adjustable comparer 36 constitute the square width regulating circuit, make square wave that 50% dutycycle be arranged; Phase inverter 37 can produce two opposite prescription ripples of dutycycle identical polar; Lock detector 38 is used to distinguish the polarity of atmospheric electric field; Low-pass filter 39 is eliminated the signal content of the upper frequency of non-static according to the static of atmospheric electric field detector detection atmosphere; Measurement range regulating circuit 40 makes the signal magnitude of instrument just in time satisfy the designing requirement of instrument; A/D transducer 41 makes the analog quantity of signal be transformed to digital quantity; Display 42 shows the numerical value and the polarity of electric field; Window comparator 44 is provided with the alarm range of thunder and lightning; Low frequency generator 45 produces joint the signal of warning usefulness; Audio signal generator 46 generation sound, visual alarm; Sound, light crossing-signal 47 send sound, light warning when thunder and lightning is coming; GPS receiving antenna 48, GPS receiver module 49, gps signal processor 50 and gps time display 51 are used to provide the reference time of measurement and the position of sensing point; 43 pairs of data from atmospheric electric field detector 28, thunder alarm instrument 29 and GPS of central processing unir are carried out overall treatment, demonstrate separately the data and the height of the duty of curve, instrument, time, sensing point and through, latitude and the satellite number that captures in real time.
The electrostatic effect signal of the thunder and lightning that atmospheric electric field detector 28 obtains, the curve map of demonstration divide yellow, orange, red three grades of warnings, and yellow expresses possibility and thunder and lightning, orange expression thunder and lightning take place is about to take place, redly represents that thunder and lightning takes place; The galvanomagnetic effect signal of the thunder and lightning that thunder alarm instrument 29 obtains is divided into blueness, orange, red three grades of warnings, and the no thunder and lightning of blue expression, coming, the red expression thunder and lightning of orange expression thunder and lightning take place.
The present invention is actually a kind of organic combination of lightning monitoring and source of early warning, promptly adopt according to the atmospheric electric field detector of conductor induced charge principle in electric field and based on the time power transformation magnetic field effect thunder alarm instrument, constitute the easiest, the most cheap, multifunctional combined domestic lightning monitoring and forecast system at present.
The present invention organically makes up, opens up, optimizes and constitute combined lightning monitoring and forecast system on the basis of the applicant's ZL 03160053.0 patent of invention and ZL 200920105678.0 utility model patents; Its exposed parts (comprising probe and pole) all adopts 304 type stainless steels, to be suitable for bigger area, the coastal and island use of salt fog concentration and not subject to corrosion.
The outdoor detector of system and the transmission of the signal between the machine room indoor equipment can be adopted wired and wireless, and the jointing of probe and cable all designs in a rod tube, to avoid the corrosion of rainwater short circuit and salt fog.
The parameter of the warning thresholding of the atmospheric electric field detector 28 of system is opened up the rate of change that increased electric field and the frequency of the electric field change in the unit interval by single electric field amplitude value, to the wrong report that reduces thunder and lightning with fail to report clearly effect.
System sets up thunder alarm instrument on the atmospheric electric field detector basis, monitor simultaneously the galvanomagnetic effect of thunder and lightning again by the single electrostatic effect of monitoring thunder and lightning, help overcoming the wrong report of thunder and lightning and failing to report, improved the thunder and lightning accuracy of the forecast, enlarged the monitoring range of thunder and lightning, also sizable the shifting to an earlier date of calling time in advance; Energy is monitored and is demonstrated thunder and lightning from far near, then the time that crosses the top by the rule of development closely extremely far away and thunder and lightning.
This combined lightning monitoring and forecast system compact conformation provide cost savings widely, set up the cost that is increased behind the thunder alarm instrument, only increase by 1/4 on the basis of 1 atmospheric electric field detector cost.
This combined lightning monitoring and forecast system, obtain lightening alarm information as early as possible as soon as possible for the ease of observation person, be provided with the lightening alarm of dual mode, Huang, orange, the red trichromatism of the screen upper curve of the sound of electric field signal processor, light warning and central processing unir are reported to the police.
When this combined lightning monitoring and forecast system are convenient to multistation and are monitored simultaneously, for time consistency of guaranteeing each station be convenient to determine the instantaneous position of mobile monitorings such as vehicle-mounted, boat-carrying be equipped with GPS.
In sum, this combined lightning monitoring has following advantage with forecast system:
Mainly contain: monitoring range is big; Monitoring effect is obvious, obtains that lightening alarm information is fast, to forfend the time long; Report by mistake and fail to report and lack, the reliability height; Be not subjected to the influence of inclement weather and environment; Can monitor the whole process of the dissipation that electrifies, develops into thunder and lightning of thunder and lightning; The multistation time consistency is good, and is easy to determine the position at mobile monitoring station; Multiple alarm mechanism, observation person can in time obtain lightning information; Emphasis defence area simple in structure, easy to install, low-cost, as to be suitable for thunder and lightning and meteorological station are popularized and are used.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of combined lightning monitoring and forecast system;
Fig. 2 is the signals collecting and the treating apparatus 0 signal flow synoptic diagram of combined lightning monitoring and forecast system;
Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B, Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 the present invention are to the actual effect figure of lightning monitoring and early warning.
The record case of native system when Fig. 9 for the Beijing area sand and dust takes place.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of combined lightning monitoring and forecast system; Fig. 2 is the lightning monitoring of combined lightning monitoring and forecast system and the signal flow synoptic diagram of forecast; As seen from the figure, combined lightning monitoring provided by the invention and forecast system, it comprises: be suitable for atmospheric electric field detector 28 that thunder and lightning and the environmental monitoring of near-earth atmospheric electricity use and based on the time power transformation magnetic field effect thunder alarm instrument 29; It is characterized in that: also comprise signals collecting and treating apparatus 0;
Described to be suitable for the atmospheric electric field detector 28 that thunder and lightning and the environmental monitoring of near-earth atmospheric electricity use are ZL 03160053.0 patents of invention of the applicant, and it comprises: atmospheric electric field detector shell 8, atmospheric electric field detector rotor 1, atmospheric electric field detector stator 2, parts erection support 4, ground brush 3, vanelets 5, motor bearing 7, dc brushless motor 9, motor speed control circuit 10, cable socket 11, cable plug 12, atmospheric electric field detector cable 13, bracing frame 14, grooved optoelectronic switch 15, prime amplifier 6 etc.; Bracing frame 14 is an inversion type L type stainless steel metal pipe, and its bottom is fixed on the base 27; Attached cable socket 11 on the joint portion inwall of bracing frame 14 and shell 8 penetrates cable 13 in bracing frame 14 pipes, and is connected with cable socket 11 by cable plug 12, and cable socket 11 is electrically connected with probe by the probe interior lines; The chamber internal fixation motor bearing 7 of probing shell 8 is installed dc brushless motor 9 on the motor bearing, fixed electrical machinery rotating-speed control circuit 10 on this dc brushless motor 9, motor shaft pierce in the electrical isolation post and with electrical isolation post wringing fit; The vanelets 5 of the generation synchronizing signal that 1 number of suit and atmospheric electric field detector rotor is identical with shape on the electrical isolation column outer wall, on the terminal outer wall of electrical isolation post, closely be with the rotor fixed cover, rotor is fixed on the rotor fixed cover, the rotor fixed cover passes the center pit of parts erection support 4 and atmospheric electric field detector stator 2, and prime amplifier 6 is installed on the parts erection support 4; Rotation speed synchronizing signal testing circuit plate is attached on the circuit board fixing rack, is fixed on the conducting ring rubbing contact on ground brush 3 and the rotor fixed cover on the parts erection support 4, makes rotor be in earth potential all the time; Grooved optoelectronic switch 15 is installed on the rotation speed synchronizing signal testing circuit plate, and vanelets 5 is in the interior position of center line of groove of grooved optoelectronic switch 15;
Described based on the time power transformation magnetic field effect thunder alarm instrument 29 are ZL 200920105678.0 utility model patents of the applicant, it comprises electric-field sensor 16, thunder and lightning signal processing circuit 21,22; Power transformation magnetic field when lightning caused when described electric-field sensor 16 was used for according to lightening activity, time-dependent current when induction produces, and with the time time-dependent current send into thunder and lightning signal processing circuit 21, it comprises: be used for the time time-dependent current be converted to the current/voltage transducer of first o'clock time variant voltage; Be used for removing first o'clock time variant voltage Hi-pass filter greater than the low frequency spurious signal of useful signal; Be used for to be enlarged into second o'clock time variant voltage second amplifier through first o'clock time variant voltage of Hi-pass filter, and after isolating, send into the band Hi-pass filter; Bandpass filter is used for obtaining required frequency band signals from second o'clock time variant voltage, and this signal is sent into peak detctor, is used to detect the peak signal of input signal; And this peak signal sent into analog-to-digital converter in the thunder and lightning signal processing circuit 22, with the time time variant voltage signal be converted to digital signal, and the numerical value and the number density of this signal differentiated, judge, if numerical value and number density reach the warning line of setting in the period of setting, then notify alarm to send alerting signal.Thunder and lightning signal processing circuit 22 also comprises data processing and control circuit; Described control circuit is used to control acquisition time and speed, access data, setting warning parameter and the self check of analog-to-digital converter; The parameter of alerting signal comprises warning line data, warning classification and savings time etc.;
Based on the time power transformation magnetic field effect thunder alarm instrument 29 specifically can further comprise: thunder alarm instrument shell 25, base 27 and stainless steel tubulose support 14; Lightning induction sensor 16 is located at the outside of thunder alarm instrument top, and by nested signal inlead 17 and 21 electrical connections of thunder and lightning signal processing circuit that are fixed on insulator 18 center pits of thunder alarm instrument 29 shells, insulator 18 makes sensor 16 and inlead 17 carry out electrical isolation with casing cover 20, and casing cover 20 and shell 25 are in same current potential; Thunder and lightning signal processing circuit 21,22 is encapsulated within thunder alarm instrument 29 shells; Thunder alarm instrument 29 is fixed on tubular bracket 14 1 ends.
Described thunder alarm instrument 29 and described atmospheric electric field detector 28 are fixed on same inversion type L type tubular bracket 14, and thunder alarm instrument 29 is fixed on the positive upper end of L type tubular bracket 14; Sensor 16 is towards the sky, and atmospheric electric field detector 28 is fixed on the end of the L of inversion type L type support 14, and sensor cover earthward.
The signal-transmitting cable of the signal-transmitting cable of described thunder alarm instrument 29 and described atmospheric electric field detector 28 is electrically connected with signals collecting and treating apparatus 0 by same inversion type L type tubular bracket inner chamber.
Described signals collecting and treating apparatus structure are as follows:
Described atmospheric electric field detector 28 output terminals divide two-way, and wherein one the tunnel is: the electric field signal output terminal of described atmospheric electric field detector 28 is connected with bandpass filter 30, phase regulating circuit 31, electric field signal amplifier 32 and buffer circuit 33 successively; Another road is: the synchronous signal output end of described atmospheric electric field detector 28 is connected with sync amplifier 34, integrator 35, adjustable comparer 36 and phase inverter 37 successively; The end output terminal of above-mentioned two-way is electrically connected with lock detector 38 input ends respectively; Described lock detector 38 output terminals are electrically connected with low-pass filter 39, regulating circuit 40, A/D transducer 41 and display 42 input ends more successively; Described regulating circuit 40 output terminals also are electrically connected with the input end tandem of window comparator 44, low frequency generator 45, audio signal generator 46 harmony, light crossing-signal 47 successively;
The GPS receiving antenna 48 of series connection is electrically connected with GPS receiver module 49, gps signal processor 50, gps time display 51 input end tandems successively; Gps signal processor 50 output terminals are electrically connected with central processing unir 43 input ends again;
Described thunder alarm instrument 29 output terminals and A/D transducer 41 input ends are electrically connected, and A/D transducer 41 output terminals link to each other with central processing unir 43 input ends electricity.
Atmospheric electric field detector 28 and thunder alarm instrument 29 together are assemblied on the bearing that is made of stainless steel pole 14 and galvanized steel base 27, constitute the very compact outdoor section of native system.
Be used to monitor the thunder alarm instrument 29 of atmospheric electric field detector 28, monitoring thunder and lightning galvanomagnetic effect of the electrostatic effect of atmospheric electricity environment and thunder and lightning and signals collecting shown in Figure 2 and treating apparatus 0 signal flow block scheme and constitute the easiest at present, that cost is minimum lightning monitoring and early warning system.
The principle of atmospheric electric field detector (28) and function be existing narration in ZL 03 1 60053.0; The principle of thunder alarm instrument 29 is closed function also has narration in ZL 2,009 2 0105678.0; Do not repeat them here.
Fig. 2 is a signal flow block scheme of the present invention, wherein: be used to reduce civil power 50Hz and influence of harmonic thereof, improve the measuring accuracy of instrument in the small-signal section; Described phase regulating circuit 31 makes the phase place of electric field signal and synchronous square wave identical, guarantees the measuring accuracy of instrument; Described electric field signal amplifier 32 further amplifies signal, so that satisfy the measurement range of instrument; Described buffer circuit 33 reduces the influence of late-class circuit to the electric field signal amplifier, improves stability of instrument; Sync amplifier 34 zooms into pulse signal with small-signal; Integrator 35 and adjustable comparer 36 constitute the square width regulating circuit, make square wave that 50% dutycycle be arranged; Phase inverter 37 can produce two opposite prescription ripples of dutycycle identical polar; Lock detector 38 is used to distinguish the polarity of atmospheric electric field; Low-pass filter 39 is eliminated the signal content of the upper frequency of non-static according to the static of atmospheric electric field detector detection atmosphere; Measurement range regulating circuit 40 makes the signal magnitude of instrument just in time satisfy the designing requirement of instrument; A/D transducer 41 makes the analog quantity of signal be transformed to digital quantity; Display 42 shows the numerical value and the polarity of electric field; Window comparator 44 is provided with the alarm range of thunder and lightning; Low frequency generator 45 produces joint the signal of warning usefulness; Audio signal generator 46 generation sound, visual alarm; Sound, light crossing-signal 47 send sound, light warning when thunder and lightning is coming; GPS receiving antenna 48, GPS receiver module 49, gps signal processor 50 and gps time display 51 are used to provide the reference time of measurement and the position of sensing point; 43 pairs of data from atmospheric electric field detector 28, thunder alarm instrument 29 and GPS of central processing unir are carried out overall treatment, demonstrate separately the data and the height of the duty of curve, instrument, time, sensing point and through, latitude and the satellite number that captures in real time.
The thunder and lightning static effect signal that atmospheric electric field detector 28 obtains, the curve map of demonstration divide yellow, orange, red three grades of warnings, and yellow expresses possibility and thunder and lightning, orange expression thunder and lightning take place is about to take place, redly represents that thunder and lightning takes place; The galvanomagnetic effect signal of the thunder and lightning that thunder alarm instrument 29 obtains is divided into blueness, orange, red three grades of warnings, and the no thunder and lightning of blue expression, coming, the red expression thunder and lightning of orange expression thunder and lightning take place.
In order to improve the confidence level of warning, the alarm threshold of atmospheric electric field detector is opened up the rate of change that increased electric field and the frequency of the electric field change in the unit interval again by single electric field amplitude value, to the wrong report that reduces thunder and lightning with fail to report clearly effect.
Atmospheric electric field detector 28 of the present invention and thunder alarm instrument 29 are by separate equipment separately originally, is furnished with its independently support, A/D quantification treatment device, data processing microcomputer separately, data analysis and process software, alarm threshold are also irrelevant mutually, independently monitor separately.The support of combination back outdoor section instrument is a system common, that be equipped with Fig. 2 indoor equipment formation, video data and curve on same screen, make the interface more clear, monitoring range, warning graph curve, thunder and lightning take place, the overall process of development comes into plain view.
With curve various different phenomenons appear in order to analyze data more accurately, allow system's continuous working in 365 days in a year, whether there is different phenomenons to occur in the four seasons so that understand, especially to definitely grasp the rule that the Changing Pattern of fair weather electric field value and thunder alarm instrument time-varying electric field occur, because various disturbance weather all is to be to develop on the basis of background to form with the fine day.
Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B, Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 the present invention are to the actual effect figure of lightning monitoring and early warning; Write down the thunder and lightning part curve map that a situation arises respectively.For the ease of the analysis of intuitive to the thunder alarm instrument recording curve, with thunder alarm instrument recording curve part, be divided into Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B two width of cloth figure, the scope and the alarm threshold of expression monitoring among Fig. 3 A, the last figure of Fig. 3 A is 24 hours a recording curve of atmospheric electric field detector, and ordinate is an electric field intensity (unit: kV/m); Fig. 3 A figure below is 24 hours a recording curve of thunder alarm instrument, and ordinate is an intensity of lightning, and unit is the intensity number density; Fig. 3 B represents the intensity of thunder and lightning and the regularity that thunder and lightning moves, and horizontal ordinate is the time (unit hour h); Be not difficult to find out that therefrom combined lightning monitoring and forecast system not only can intactly be monitored out the situation that thunder and lightning takes place in the atmospheric electric field detector monitoring range, and can monitor out the atmospheric electric field detector monitoring section and close on the situation of distinguishing the thunder and lightning generation that reaches area far away.The atmospheric electric field detector recording curve divides three grades of warnings, and yellow-as to have thunder and lightning to take place, orange-thunder and lightning is coming, and redness-thunder and lightning takes place.The thunder alarm instrument recording curve also divides three grades of situations, and blueness-this area is safe, and yellow-as to have thunder and lightning to take place, redness-thunder and lightning takes place.
Show among the last figure of Fig. 3 A: atmospheric electric field detector presents yellow 16: 18-16: 28 (mistiming is 38 minutes), and what this yellow represented that thunder and lightning takes place that preceding 38 minutes atmospheric electric field detectors send lightening alarm may take place; (mistiming is 28 minutes) presented orange expression in 16: 28-16: 56: the upcoming warning of thunder and lightning that atmospheric electric field detector sends in preceding 28 minutes takes place in thunder and lightning; 16: 56-19: 23 (mistiming is 139 minutes) presents red expression: the thunder and lightning duration is 139 minutes.Fig. 3 A figure below shows: thunder alarm instrument presents yellow expression 14: 12-15: 33 (mistiming is 71 minutes): the warning that thunder and lightning may take place of sending in preceding 71 minutes takes place in thunder and lightning; 15: 33-19: 55 (mistiming is 262 minutes) presents red expression: the thunder and lightning duration is 262 minutes; Fig. 3 B represents that lightning intensity is turriform and distributes, and the strongest lightning occurred in about 18 o'clock, consistent with the atmospheric electric field detector monitoring.
Show among the last figure of Fig. 4 A: atmospheric electric field detector presents yellow 9: 21-9: 28 (mistiming is 32 minutes), and what this yellow represented that thunder and lightning takes place that preceding 32 minutes atmospheric electric field detectors send lightening alarm may take place; (mistiming is 25 minutes) presented orange expression in 9: 28-9: 53: the upcoming warning of thunder and lightning that atmospheric electric field detector sends in preceding 28 minutes takes place in thunder and lightning; 9: 53-11: 47 (mistiming is 174 minutes) presents red expression: the thunder and lightning duration is 174 minutes; Fig. 4 A figure below shows: thunder alarm instrument presents yellow expression 8: 18-9: 39 (mistiming is 81 minutes): the warning that thunder and lightning may take place of sending in preceding 81 minutes takes place in thunder and lightning; (mistiming is 446 minutes) presented redness in 9: 39-17: 05: the expression thunder and lightning duration is 446 minutes; Fig. 4 B represents that lightning intensity is turriform and distributes, and the strongest lightning occurred in about 18 o'clock, consistent with the atmospheric electric field detector monitoring, and overhead nearer from the monitoring point.
The Changing Pattern of Fig. 5 curve and Fig. 3 A, Fig. 4 A are similar.But wherein 21 left and right sides lightnings are to occur in area far away, do not see the sign that has thunder and lightning to take place basically from the atmospheric electric field detector recording curve, and the expression lightning occurs in outside the zone that atmospheric electric field detector can monitor.Wherein the last figure of Fig. 5 as can be seen: atmospheric electric field detector was yellow expression at 16: 53-16: 57: the warning that thunder and lightning may take place takes place to send in preceding 3 minutes in thunder and lightning; Be orange expression in 16: 57-16: 58: sent the upcoming warning of thunder and lightning before 1 minute; The expression that takes on a red color in-18: 16 in 16: 58: the thunder and lightning duration is 78 minutes; Failed to report in 20: 0-21: 0.Fig. 5 figure below represents that thunder alarm instrument was yellow expression at 15: 05-15: 57: the warning that thunder and lightning may take place takes place to send in preceding 52 minutes in thunder and lightning; The expression that takes on a red color in-18: 20 in 15: 57: the thunder and lightning duration is 143 minutes; Be yellow expression in 20: 10-20: 40: the warning that thunder and lightning may take place takes place to send in preceding 30 minutes in thunder and lightning; The expression that takes on a red color in-21: 05 in 20: 40: 25 minutes thunder and lightning duration.
Fig. 6 A is that thunder alarm instrument was monitored out twice lightning on the same day, promptly 5: 05-5: 25 and 15: 30-7 o'clock 20 fens two time periods; The last figure of Fig. 6 A is the 1st monitoring (seeing the last figure of a Fig. 6 A left side) of atmospheric electric field detector: only sent yellow alarm in 4: 25-5: 05: the warning of thunder and lightning might take place in expression; The 2nd monitoring (seeing that the last figure of Fig. 6 A is right): be yellow expression in 15: 40-15: 42: the warning that thunder and lightning might take place takes place to send in preceding 2 minutes in thunder and lightning; Be orange expression in 15: 42-15: 45: thunder and lightning takes place to send the upcoming warning of thunder and lightning before 3 minutes; The expression that takes on a red color in-16: 54 in 15: 45: 69 minutes thunder and lightning duration.Fig. 6 A figure below is that the 1st monitoring (seeing Fig. 6 A figure below left side) of thunder alarm instrument was yellow expression in 4: 05 minute: the warning that thunder and lightning may take place takes place to send in preceding 58 minutes in thunder and lightning; The expression that takes on a red color in 5: 03 15: 25: 22 minutes thunder and lightning duration; The 1st monitoring (seeing Fig. 6 A figure below right side) was yellow expression in 14: 42 minutes: the warning that thunder and lightning may take place takes place to send in preceding 50 minutes in thunder and lightning; The expression that takes on a red color in-17: 13 in 15: 32: 91 minutes thunder and lightning duration; Atmospheric electric field detector monitors lightning and was later than thunder alarm instrument 15 minutes; The Changing Pattern of curve and Fig. 3 A, Fig. 4 A are similar.Fig. 6 B represents that lightning intensity is turriform and distributes, and the strongest lightning occurred in about 12 o'clock, consistent with the atmospheric electric field detector monitoring.
Fig. 7 atmospheric electric field detector record thunder and lightning takes place by the duration is 61 minutes, and the thunder alarm instrument record thunder and lightning generation duration is 242 minutes.Be yellow expression in 0 minute-0: 17 when the last figure of Fig. 7 is atmospheric electric field detector 0: the warning that thunder and lightning may take place takes place to send in preceding 17 minutes in thunder and lightning; Be orange expression in 0: 17-0: 19: thunder and lightning takes place to send the upcoming warning of thunder and lightning before preceding 2 minutes; The expression that takes on a red color in-1: 20 in 0: 19: 61 minutes thunder and lightning duration.
Fig. 7 figure below thunder alarm instrument: took on a red color in 0: 0-4: 02: lightening activity is the continuation of the previous day, in 242 minutes thunder and lightning duration of this day.
Fig. 8 illustrates the scope of the scope of thunder alarm instrument monitoring much larger than the atmospheric electric field detector monitoring.From the situation whole day of Fig. 8 figure below thunder alarm instrument monitoring lightening activity is arranged all, occurred in have 360 minutes more nearby, other times lightening activity distant (small-pulse effect) in 13: 30 to 15: 10; The last figure atmospheric electric field detector of Fig. 8 can be found out a bit reaction about 12: 30.
Fig. 9 is atmospheric electric field detector and thunder alarm instrument record case when sand and dust take place; Because the sand and dust friction each other and the friction of sand and dust and other object, also can produce very strong static, the recording curve that makes the last figure atmospheric electric field detector of Fig. 9 disjunction in 3: 30 1 15: 20 intermittently continuous occur yellow-warning and the upcoming warning of orange-thunder and lightning of thunder and lightning may take place, the occurent warning of redness-thunder and lightning wherein also appearred at 11: 30-11: 50.The lightening alarm that this non-thunder and lightning causes is to make a false report or spurious alarm.But the recording curve of thunder alarm instrument does not have any reaction in Fig. 9 figure below, almost is straight line; So the present invention's easy, the most cheap this combined lightning monitoring and forecast system have remedied single employing atmospheric electric field detector and have produced the mistake of making a false report, the caused spurious alarm of promptly non-thunder and lightning in the dust and sand weather situation.
From the curve map of above actual monitoring record, can find out that combined lightning monitoring of the present invention and forecast system have following features:
1. it is in full accord at the monitoring section thunder and lightning time of the strongest peak point thunder alarm instrument and atmospheric electric field detector to take place.
2. this combined lightning monitoring is more much bigger than the scope of single use atmospheric electric field detector monitoring thunder and lightning with the scope of forecast system monitoring thunder and lightning, time of fire alarming has shifted to an earlier date several times (2-3 doubly) than atmospheric electric field detector, the duration that thunder and lightning takes place is also long, the thunder and lightning duration such as the monitoring of Fig. 3 A figure below thunder alarm instrument is 262 minutes, and the thunder and lightning duration of the atmospheric electric field detector of the upper figure of Fig. 3 A monitoring is 138 minutes, obviously thunder alarm instrument can monitor the atmospheric electric field detector monitoring less than the zone.
3. the relative intensity curve of thunder alarm instrument monitoring thunder and lightning is steeple shape, meets thundercloud from far near, and by nearly rule to far moving through the monitoring point, the point that intensity of lightning is the strongest is nearest from the monitoring point again; The strongest peak point number density 1200 of intensity of lightning among Fig. 4 B wherein, peak point number density 800, Fig. 6 B peak point number density 700 than Fig. 3 B are all big, and the electric-field intensity of the upper figure of Fig. 4 A at one time section has also reached 36kV/m, can think this moment lightning just occur in the overhead of monitoring point or near.
4. thunder alarm instrument is essentially 0 empty coordinate diagram at the recording curve of fine day, though thunderstorm weather from detection zone away from, also can be recorded to blue safety curve, do not have situation about failing to report and occur, also can avoid wrong report.
When 5. atmospheric electric field detector monitoring is less than thunderbolt far away (Fig. 7), and thunder alarm instrument can be monitored out stronger lightning strike signals.
6. this combined lightning monitoring can be eliminated wrong report or the false declaration of being sent by atmospheric electric field detector (such as the dust and sand weather of Fig. 9) with early warning system.
7. owing to be provided with the lightening alarm of dual mode, the sound of electric field signal processor, light are reported to the police and Huang, orange, the red trichromatism of computer screen upper curve are reported to the police. Be convenient to observation person and obtain as soon as possible as early as possible lightening alarm information.
8. owing to be equipped with GPS, the time consistency when being convenient to multistation and monitoring simultaneously and to using the instantaneous position at mobile monitoring stations such as car, ships to position.
Claims (1)
1. combined lightning monitoring and forecast system, it comprises: be suitable for atmospheric electric field detector (28) that thunder and lightning and the environmental monitoring of near-earth atmospheric electricity use, based on the time power transformation magnetic field effect thunder alarm instrument (29) and signals collecting and treating apparatus (0);
Described thunder alarm instrument (29) and described atmospheric electric field detector (28) shared inversion type L type tubular bracket (14), wherein thunder alarm instrument (29) is fixed on the positive upper end of L type tubular bracket, towards the sky; Atmospheric electric field detector (28) is fixed on the end of L type tubular bracket L, towards ground; The sensor (16) of thunder alarm instrument (29) is positioned at the top of described thunder alarm instrument (29), and is electrically connected with described thunder alarm instrument (29) by signal inlead (17) and insulator (18);
The signal-transmitting cable (24) of described thunder alarm instrument (29) and the cable (13) of described atmospheric electric field detector (28) are electrically connected with signals collecting and treating apparatus (0) by inversion type L type tubular bracket (14) inner chamber;
Described signals collecting and treating apparatus (0) structure is as follows:
Described atmospheric electric field detector (28) output terminal divides two-way, and wherein one the tunnel is: described atmospheric electric field detector (28) electric field signal output terminal is connected with bandpass filter (30), phase regulating circuit (31), electric field signal amplifier (32) and buffer circuit (33) successively; Another road is: described atmospheric electric field detector (28) synchronous signal output end is connected with sync amplifier (34), integrator (35), adjustable comparer (36) and phase inverter (37) successively; The end output terminal of above-mentioned two-way is electrically connected with lock detector (38) input end respectively; Described lock detector (38) output terminal is electrically connected with low-pass filter (39), regulating circuit (40), A/D transducer (41) and display (42) input end more successively; Described regulating circuit (40) output terminal also is electrically connected with the input end of window comparator (44), low frequency generator (45), audio signal generator (46) harmony, light crossing-signal (47) successively;
GPS receiving antenna (48) is electrically connected with GPS receiver module (49), gps signal processor (50) tandem successively, and the output terminal of gps signal processor (50) is electrically connected with gps time display (51) input end and central processing unir (43) input end respectively;
Described thunder alarm instrument (29) output terminal and A/D transducer (41) input end are electrically connected, and A/D transducer (41) output links to each other with central processing unir (43) input end electricity.
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| CN2010101968505A CN101871980B (en) | 2010-06-02 | 2010-06-02 | Combined lightning monitoring and forecasting system |
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