CN101871827A - Reading head of ring type spatial array torque sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a reading head of a ring type spatial array torque sensor, which comprises a reading head shell and a U-shaped armature core. The reading head shell is formed by connecting two completely symmetric parts, and is provided with a chamber used for accommodating the U-shaped armature core and a channel for a ring type spatial array steel pipe to penetrate through, two coils are wound on the U-shaped armature core, one coil is an excitation coil inputting excitation current, and the other coil is an induction coil outputting induced voltage signals. The invention realizes the conversion of torque information into electric signals according to the principle of AC electromagnetic induction. The reading head has complete cycles of relative displacement along the mechanical rotating shaft, thereby realizing online dynamic measurement of torque information on the mechanical rotating shaft. Since the reading head is sealed, test conditions are not subject to constraints of the external environment. Therefore, the invention is applicable to torque tests for the mechanical rotating shaft of the hydraulic turbine, in the geological exploration and under other extreme conditions.

Description

A kind of read head of ring type spatial array torque sensor

Technical field

The invention belongs to sensing and measure the control field, be specifically related to a kind of read head of ring type spacing array non-contact type torque sensor.

Background technology

A kind of ring type spatial array torque sensor (ZL200810069912.9) that University Of Chongqing is designed is made up of annular space array and magneto-electric detecting device.Annular space array is made up of the magnetic steel ball of a ring-like non-magnetic stainless steel pipe and some, the single tight arrangement in pipe of magnetic steel ball, thus form an annular space array; The magneto-electric detecting device is formed by the aluminium shell encapsulation, and inside has: coil groups, plastic skeleton and signal processing circuit.Wherein, plastic skeleton is installed on the inwall of aluminium shell, and coil groups is made up of a main coil and four secondary coils, and main coil and four secondary coils are wrapped on the plastic skeleton and around described space array according to setting at interval successively.

Described annular space array is fixed on the transmission shaft by screw etc., and the magneto-electric detecting device is nested in the annular space array outside, cause the magneto-electric detecting device not carry out the complete cycle motion around described annular space array, detecting device only can detect the ring-like displacement of part.Described torque sensor also only energy measurement one end fix, moment of torsion under the other end twisting situation detects, not the dynamic torque that produces of energy measurement rotating machinery shaft.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed at present the present situation of the measurement of mechanical rotating shaft dynamic torque under the extreme environments such as thump, high temperature, burn into vibration be big still not being had effective detection method, a kind of read head of ring type spatial array torque sensor is proposed, utilize ball symmetry characteristic and alternating electromagnetic principle of induction, by the relative displacement of complete cycle is arranged along mechanical axis, realize on-line dynamic measurement to the mechanical rotating shaft moment of torsion.Described annular space array is made up of the ring-like non-magnetic stainless steel pipe of a closure and the magnetic steel ball of some, the single tight arrangement in pipe of magnetic steel ball; The size of the ring-like non-magnetic stainless steel pipe of described closure is decided according to the diameter of tested mechanical rotating shaft.During installation, the ring-like non-magnetic stainless steel pipe of described closure is nested on the tested mechanical rotating shaft, and by equally distributed four through holes on the steel pipe, with fixing annular space array such as screw, annular space array and mechanical rotating shaft is rotated together.

The read head of a kind of ring type spatial array torque sensor that the present invention proposes comprises read head housing and shape of a hoof armature core, and described read head housing is formed by connecting by complete two parts symmetrical, and forms cavity and circular arc passage; Described shape of a hoof armature core places cavity, and described passage is used to be nested in the annular space array outside; Be wound with two groups of coils on the described shape of a hoof armature core, one group is drive coil, is input as exciting current; One group is inductive coil, is output as corresponding induced voltage signal; The top of described read head housing seals by loam cake.

According to the alternating electromagnetic principle of induction, on drive coil, add the sinusoidal signal of certain frequency and amplitude, when producing dynamic torsion angle under the effect of mechanical rotating shaft at moment of torsion, read head will produce corresponding ring-like displacement with respect to annular space array.Arrangement mode according to annular space array internal magnetization steel ball, coefficient of mutual inductance between the coil also can produce corresponding variation, just can produce induction amplitude-modulated signal on the inductive coil with respect to pumping signal, the size of its amplitude is relevant with the coefficient of mutual inductance between the coil, also promptly to entangle the active volume of magnetic steel ball relevant with coil, thereby realize the conversion of torque information to electric signal.

The invention provides the read head of mechanical rotating shaft dynamic torque survey sensor under a kind of extreme environment, described read head is realized the on-line dynamic measurement to the mechanical rotating shaft moment of torsion by the relative displacement of complete cycle is arranged along mechanical rotating shaft.Simultaneously,, make testing conditions not be subjected to outside factors, have advantages such as dustproof, waterproof, grease proofing, anti-vibration, anti-high and low-temp, can be applicable to the mechanical axis moment of torsion detection extreme environments such as the hydraulic turbine, geologic prospecting under because read head is in sealing state.In addition, because the present invention can the ring-like displacement of dynamic real-time measurement, if be equipped with suitable computer software and hardware, rotating speed and angular acceleration that just can the measurement mechanical rotating shaft.

Description of drawings

The front schematic view of Fig. 1 read head shell structure of the present invention;

The A-A sectional view of Fig. 2 read head shell structure of the present invention;

The B-B sectional view of Fig. 3 read head shell structure of the present invention;

The front schematic view of Fig. 4 shape of a hoof armature of the present invention core;

Fig. 5 read head one-piece construction of the present invention synoptic diagram.

Among the figure: 1-read head housing; 2-read head case top lid; The 3-shell; 4-matrix inner casing; The 5-cavity; 6-circular arc passage; 7-connects read head two antimeric pin-and-holes; 8-is the pin-and-hole of read head case top lid fixedly; Trapezoidal skewed slot in the 9-matrix on the shell side wall; 10-shape of a hoof armature core; 11-armature core coil; 12-armature core end.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further specify the specific embodiment of the present invention:

The present invention includes read head housing 1 and shape of a hoof armature core 10.As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, read head housing 1 is formed by connecting by screw etc. at pin-and-hole 7 places by two parts symmetrical; Each symmetric part can be divided into shell 3 and matrix inner casing 4, and trapezoidal skewed slot 9 is arranged on inner casing 4 sidewalls, and inside and outside shell is by the machine-shaping of duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy disposable integral.Two antimeric inner casings 4 are formed circular arc passage 6, and described passage 6 is used to be nested in the annular space array outside, makes the read head housing to do complete circular motion along annular space array; Two symmetric part shells 3 are formed cavity 5.

Place shape of a hoof armature cores 10 in the described cavity 5, armature core end 12 is thinner, and its thickness is 1mm, mainly be for read head when relatively moving with annular space array, can play the effect of scanning to the magnetic steel ball.The trapezoidal skewed slot 11 on the shell side wall can be put in armature core end 12, to realize combining closely of read head housing 1 and shape of a hoof armature core 10, improves the sealing of read head.

As shown in Figure 4, be wound with two groups of coils 11 on the shape of a hoof armature core 10, wherein one group is drive coil, is input as exciting current; Another group is output as corresponding induced voltage signal for inductive coil.Described coil groups all adopts insulating compound to paste with Copper Foil, utilizes the way of photoetching to make the printing winding then.

As shown in Figure 5, shape of a hoof armature core 10 places the cavity 5 of read head housing 1, and the top of read head housing 1 is by loam cake 2, carries out sealing and fixing at pin-and-hole 8 places by screw etc.Whole read head seals with plastic cement.During use, the circular arc passage 6 of described read head is nested in the annular space array outside, and read head is fixed, to guarantee that the circular arc passage 6 and the gap on annular space array surface are 0.2mm by support.Mutual inductance principle between drive coil and the inductive coil is:

When exciting current is sinusoidal form stable and its angular frequency when being w, the mutual voltage of available phasor representation inductive coil For:

${\stackrel{\·}{U}}_{21}=\mathrm{jw}{M}_0{\stackrel{\·}{I}}_1---\left(1\right)$

In the formula, M ₀The coefficient of mutual inductance of representing two coils, The mutual inductance electric current of expression inductive coil.

When the phasor of driving voltage correspondence is

The equivalent resistance of drive coil is r ₁, equivalent inductance is respectively L ₁, then

${\stackrel{\&CenterDot;}{I}}_1={\stackrel{\&CenterDot;}{U}}_1/({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="r"\; filenames="HSA00000156689700011.png,HSA00000156689700023.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_1+\mathrm{jw}{L}_1)---\left(2\right)$

${\stackrel{\&CenterDot;}{U}}_{21}=\mathrm{jw}{M}_0{\stackrel{\&CenterDot;}{U}}_1/({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="r"\; filenames="HSA00000156689700011.png,HSA00000156689700023.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_1+\mathrm{jw}{L}_1)---\left(3\right)$

The mutual voltage of inductive coil then Effective value be:

$U_{21}=w{M}_0{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="U"\; filenames="HSA00000156689700011.png,HSA00000156689700023.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}_1/{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="r"\; filenames="HSA00000156689700011.png,HSA00000156689700023.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_1^2+w^2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="L"\; filenames="HSA00000156689700011.png,HSA00000156689700023.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_1^2)}^{1/2}=k_1{M}_0{U}_1---\left(4\right)$

In the formula Be constant.Therefore, the inductive coil output voltage amplitude is proportional to the coefficient of mutual inductance M between two coils ₀, and coefficient of mutual inductance M ₀Relevant with the character of magnetic medium.In the present invention, coefficient of mutual inductance M ₀The active volume of the magnetic steel ball that is enclosed with coil is relevant.Because this active volume is periodically variable, so coefficient of mutual inductance also should be the cycle variation.

When coil is x with respect to the displacement of annular space array, and the centre of sphere of establishing a certain magnetic steel ball is 0 point, this moment pairing coefficient of mutual inductance M ₀Maximum can be expressed as:

M ₀＝k ₂[cos(2πx/D)+A] (5)

D is the diameter of magnetic steel ball in the formula, k ₂Be constant, A is the DC component that coefficient of mutual inductance produces, k ₂A represents the intrinsic coefficient of mutual inductance between the coil.

When to the added voltage u of drive coil ₁For:

u ₁＝Usin(wt) (6)

The voltage u that responds to of inductive coil then ₂For:

u ₂＝k ₁k ₂U[cos(2πx/D)+A]sin(wt+θ)＝kU[cos(2πx/D)+A]sin(wt+θ) (7)

Wherein, k=k ₁k ₂Be scale-up factor, θ is intrinsic the differing between induced voltage and the driving voltage.Hence one can see that, and the amplitude of induced voltage is subjected to the modulation of ring-like displacement x, and induced voltage signal is carried out demodulation, can obtain the variable quantity of ring-like displacement, thereby realize the conversion of torque information to electric signal.

The embodiment that more than provides is in order to the practical application of explanation the present invention and it, and therefore makes those skilled in the art can make and use the present invention.But this only is a preferred embodiment, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, any one professional and technical personnel is in the scope that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention, and above technology of foundation and method do certain modification and the equivalent embodiment that is considered as equivalent variations is worked as in change.

Claims (4)

1. the read head of a ring type spatial array torque sensor, comprise read head housing (1) and shape of a hoof armature core (10), described read head housing (1) is formed by connecting by complete two parts symmetrical, it is characterized in that: two symmetric parts of described read head housing (1) are connected to form cavity (5) and circular arc passage (6); Described shape of a hoof armature core (10) places cavity (5), and described passage (6) is used to be nested in the annular space array outside; Be wound with two groups of coils (11) on the described shape of a hoof armature core (10), one group is drive coil, and one group is inductive coil; The top of described read head housing (1) seals by loam cake (2).

2. according to the read head of the described a kind of ring type spatial array torque sensor of claim 1, it is characterized in that: armature core end (12) thickness of described shape of a hoof armature core (10) is 1mm.

3. according to the read head of the described a kind of ring type spatial array torque sensor of claim 1, it is characterized in that: on inner casing (4) sidewall of described read head housing (1) trapezoidal skewed slot (11) is arranged.

4. according to the read head of the described a kind of ring type spatial array torque sensor of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: whole read head seals with plastic cement.

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