CN101869266A - Multi-trace elements-enriched dioscorease rhizome extract and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-trace elements-enriched dioscorease rhizome extract and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-trace elements-enriched dioscorease rhizome extract and a preparation method thereof, which are characterized in that the dioscorease rhizome extract contains 300-1000mug/g of dioscin, 12.3-20.5mg/g of allantoin, 20.6-48.8mg/g of potassium, 157-208mug/g of calcium, 2080-4090mug/g of magnesium, 108-258mug/g of ferrum, 10.3-26.5mug/g of zinc and 1.0-1.5mug/g of selenium; and the preparation method of the dioscorease rhizome extract comprises the steps of moving dioscorease rhizome powder or fresh dioscorease rhizome liquid into an extraction tank, using alkaline aqueous solution to extract, centrifugal separating, taking supernatant, using acid to neutralize the supernatant, then carrying out vacuum concentration, and spray drying or freeze drying to obtain the dioscorease rhizome extract.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of yam extract and preparation method of enrichment various trace elements, belong to agricultural product intensive processing field.Prepared yam extract can be used as food additives, health food and cosmetic additive agent.
Background technology
Chinese yam is Dioscoreaceae plant Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposite Thunb.), the original name Chinese yam, and the beginning is stated from Shennong's Herbal, classifies as top gradely, and " it is sweet to distinguish the flavor of, temperature to call it.Qi-restoratives is won, is removed fever and chills perverse trend, tonifying middle-Jiao and Qi power, longue meat, obeys normal hearing and eyesight for a long time." " medicine justice " cloud: " survivor is cool in nature, and ripe then change cold is a temperature for Chinese yam.Temperature compensation and not rapid, little perfume (or spice) and drying has been followed the merit of transferring benefit is controlled chronic cough of deficiency lung, and is what reliable.Because of its sweet gas perfume (or spice) of distinguishing the flavor of, help spleen with it.Control insufficiency of the spleen diarrhoea, tiredness with somnolence, four limbs are sleepy.Get its then yang-tonifying again, with the energy tonifying middle-Jiao and Qi, temperature is supported muscle, is lung spleen two dirty key medicines.”
Modern scientific research clearly (Xie Xingyuan. main component of Chinese yam and using value thereof. modern agriculture science and technology, 2009, (6): 76-77), Chinese yam stem tuber (root-like stock) is nutritious, remove and contain multiple nutritional components such as multiple kinds of carbohydrate, fat, protein, vitamin, trace element, also have tens seed amino acids of needed by human body.Fresh Chinese yam is from component content, moisture about 70%～80%, about starch 16%, polysaccharide (mannose, glucose and galactolipin etc.) be about 2.5%, protein 1.5%, other micro constitutents have vitamin (with Vc, VB, riboflavin, Buddhist nun's acid, carrotene, thiamines etc. are main), inorganic elements (comprises Ba, Be, Ce, Co, Cr, Cu, Ca, Li, Mn, No, Ni, P, Sr, Zn etc., wherein P content is the highest), phytic acid, (stem tuber contains Dioscin to saponin(e, can get diosgenin through hydrolysis), allantoin, choline, end the wooden fork element, phenolic substance (polyphenol oxidase, hand over tea phenol amine, 3,4-dihydroxy benzenes ethamine, dopamine, hydrochloric acid Chinese yam alkali, the plain I of Chinese yam, II, III, IV, V, the acerin II, cholesterine, ergosterol, campesterol, cupreol), iodine matter etc.In fact, Chinese yam is rich in polysaccharide, can increase blood leucocyte, strengthens leukocytic phagocytic function, thereby to promoting specific immunity and non-specific immune function that better effect is all arranged.But, the contained inorganic elements Fe of Chinese yam, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ca, various trace elements such as Mg, Se, to improving the human body different physiological roles, particularly improving immunity of organisms also has positive role.
About the patent application of Chinese yam intensive processing or authorize and had multinomially, be alcohol extracting and the purification with macroreticular resin engineering that 200410016839.0 patent " extracting method of RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE frOm Henan of China extract RHIIZOMA DIOSCOREAE frOm Henan of China saponin(e " relates to dioscin at present as application number; Application number is that 200610069598.5 patent " is extracted the method for polysaccharide and allantoin " and adopt the high pressure extraction Chinese yam polysaccharide from Chinese yam, and that continues uses the ultrasonic extraction method allantoin; Application number is 200610085512.8 patent " preparation process of Huai Chinese yam polysaccharose and uses thereof ", and the water that its main preparation method mainly is a Chinese yam polysaccharide extracts and the alcohol precipitation obtains purified product; Application number is that 200710068184.5 patent " a kind of processing technology of Chinese yam comprehensive utilization " relates to dehydration yam slice, yam flour and Chinese yam epidermis and discarded object extracts the technical process of total steroidal saponin unit.
There is following shortcoming in these methods: leaching process is only emphasized one-component, as Chinese yam polysaccharide, glycoprotein, saponin(e or allantoin, does not consider the utilization of various trace elements in the Chinese yam; Technology is various, the cost height, and the product yield is low, is difficult to realize industrialization.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the shortcoming of above-mentioned Chinese yam deep process, the invention provides a kind of yam extract and preparation method of enrichment various trace elements.
Manufacture craft process of the present invention is as follows:
Bright Chinese yam is made yam pulp through clean, making beating, separation after removing residue, or be raw material with the yam flour, extract with alkaline aqueous solution, supernatant is reclaimed in centrifugation; With this supernatant of acid neutralization, carry out vacuum then and concentrate then, spray-dried or freeze drying promptly gets yam extract.
Specific operation process:
(1) the bright Chinese yam stem tuber of selection smooth surface, profile rounding, no disease and pest, clean peeling, be cut into the thick yam slice of about 5mm, drop into yam slice in the colour protecting liquid (the D-arabo-ascorbic acid sodium water solution that contains 0.3% citric acid and 0.1%) of preparation in advance rapidly, soaked 45 minutes, take out yam slice, use distilled water flushing 2 times;
(2) yam slice of peeling is put into boiling water and boiled 6 minutes, take out the Chinese yam after boiling, put into beater, in yam slice (dry weight) 1: 6 (g/mL) pure water of ratio with water, vitaminize C sodium salt (consumption be Chinese yam stem tuber weight 0.02%), making beating separates and removes residue and get yam pulp.
(3) add dilute alkaline soln (with NaOH or Na by the Chinese yam dry weight and the aqueous solution than 1: 10～1: 12 (g/mL)
2CO
3The pH of water transfer solution is 8～9.5), extracted centrifugal collection supernatant 100～120 minutes down for 50～60 ℃ in temperature.Filter residue repeats to extract once, merges centrifuged supernatant twice.
(4) with this supernatant of gained with the acid neutralization, vacuum concentrate relative density 1.2～1.4 thick concentrates; Freeze drying temperature-30～-40 ℃, 12～20 hours time.180～170 ℃ of spray-dired condition inlet temperatures, 90～80 ℃ of outlet temperatures.
Be scattered on the polysaccharide carrier with Dioscin, allantoin, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron zinc and selenium in the gained yam extract of the present invention, content is even, has kept multiple micro-composition with health care in the Chinese yam, and can keep the nutritional labeling in the Chinese yam.This extraction process process is simple, and operating cost is low, and not with an organic solvent, remaining residue can be used for preparing the Chinese yam starch compound sugar.
The specific embodiment
The described assay method of following document is applied among the whole embodiment:
The mensuration list of references of Dioscin:
Wang Jun, Yankee enlightening, Chen Jun. Determination of diosgenin by spectrophotometry [J]. assay office, 2004,23 (1): 73-74.
The mensuration list of references of allantoin:
Li Mingjing, Song Aixin, history is assembled, etc. the content [J] of allantoin in the high effective liquid chromatography for measuring Chinese yam sample. chemical research, 2003,14 (1): 66-68.
The determination of trace elements list of references:
Zhang Wei, Zhang Zhuoyong, Shi Yanzhi, etc. flame atomic absorption spectrometry is measured various trace elements [J] in the Chinese yam. spectroscopy and spectrum analysis, 2006,26 (5): 963-965.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment:
Example one
Take by weighing yam flour 5.0kg, add the pure water of 50L, with NaOH liquid adjust pH to 8, stir under 50 ℃ of temperature and extracted 150 minutes, supernatant and Chinese yam residue are collected in the 4500r/min centrifugation respectively.The Chinese yam residue repeats above-mentioned steps and extracts once.Merge centrifuged supernatant twice.With in the hydrochloric acid of concentration 10% and supernatant, vacuum concentrate relative density 1.2 thick concentrates; It in temperature freeze drying 12 hours under-30 ℃ the condition.Get yam extract 623.5g.The content of Dioscin is 1000 μ g/g in the yam extract, and the content of allantoin is 12.3mg/g, and the content of potassium is 20.6mg/g, the content of calcium is 157 μ g/g, and the content of magnesium is 2080 μ g/g, and the content of iron is 258 μ g/g, the content of zinc is 26.5 μ g/g, and the content of selenium is 1.5 μ g/g.
Example two
Select bright Chinese yam stem tuber 10.0kg, clean peeling, be cut into the thick yam slice of about 5mm, drop into yam slice in the colour protecting liquid (the D-arabo-ascorbic acid sodium water solution that contains 0.3% citric acid and 0.1%) of preparation in advance rapidly, soaked 45 minutes, and took out yam slice, use distilled water flushing 2 times; Then, the yam slice of peeling is put into boiling water to be boiled 6 minutes, Chinese yam after taking-up is boiled, put into beater, in yam slice (dry weight) 1: 6 (g/mL) pure water of ratio with water, vitaminize C sodium salt (consumption be Chinese yam stem tuber weight 0.02%), making beating separates and removes residue and get yam pulp.
Above-mentioned yam pulp is added pure water 15L, transfer about above-mentioned slurry pH value to 9 with NaOH liquid, stir under 60 ℃ temperature and extracted 100 minutes, supernatant and Chinese yam residue are collected in the 4500r/min centrifugation respectively.The Chinese yam residue repeats above-mentioned steps and extracts once.Merge centrifuged supernatant twice.With in the hydrochloric acid of concentration 10% and supernatant, vacuum concentrate relative density 1.3 thick concentrates; It in temperature freeze drying 24 hours under-40 ℃ the condition.Get yam extract 312.5g.The content of Dioscin is 700 μ g/g in the yam extract, and the content of allantoin is 16.3mg/g, and the content of potassium is 32.0mg/g, the content of calcium is 199.2 μ g/g, and the content of magnesium is 3026 μ g/g, and the content of iron is 205 μ g/g, the content of zinc is 23.0 μ g/g, and the content of selenium is 1.3 μ g/g.
Example three
Take by weighing yam flour 5.0kg, add the 55L pure water, with about NaOH liquid adjust pH to 9.5, stir under 60 ℃ of temperature and extracted 100 minutes, supernatant and Chinese yam residue are collected in the 4500r/min centrifugation respectively.The Chinese yam residue repeats above-mentioned steps and extracts once.Merge centrifuged supernatant twice.With in the hydrochloric acid of concentration 10% and supernatant, vacuum concentrate relative density 1.4 thick concentrates; Directly spray-drying (180 ℃ of inlet temperatures, 90 ℃ of outlet temperatures) promptly gets Chinese yam and extracts 660.3g.The content of Dioscin is 300 μ g/g in the yam extract, and the content of allantoin is 20.5mg/g, and the content of potassium is 48.8mg/g, the content of calcium is 208 μ g/g, and the content of magnesium is 4090 μ g/g, and the content of iron is 188 μ g/g, the content of zinc is 16.3 μ g/g, and the content of selenium is 1.4 μ g/g.
Example four
Take by weighing yam flour 5.0kg, add the 60L pure water, with about NaOH liquid adjust pH to 9, stir under 55 ℃ of temperature and extracted 120 minutes, supernatant and Chinese yam residue are collected in the 4500r/min centrifugation respectively.The Chinese yam residue repeats above-mentioned steps and extracts once.Merge centrifuged supernatant twice.With in the hydrochloric acid of concentration 10% and supernatant, vacuum concentrate relative density 1.4 thick concentrates; It in temperature freeze drying 20 hours under-40 ℃ the condition.Get yam extract 652.6g.The content of Dioscin is 800 μ g/g in the yam extract, and the content of allantoin is 17.2mg/g, and the content of potassium is 44.2mg/g, the content of calcium is 185 μ g/g, and the content of magnesium is 3080 μ g/g, and the content of iron is 198 μ g/g, the content of zinc is 22.5 μ g/g, and the content of selenium is 1.2 μ g/g.
Example five
Select bright Chinese yam stem tuber 10.0kg, clean peeling, be cut into the thick yam slice of about 5mm, drop into yam slice in the colour protecting liquid (the D-arabo-ascorbic acid sodium water solution that contains 0.3% citric acid and 0.1%) of preparation in advance rapidly, soaked 45 minutes, and took out yam slice, use distilled water flushing 2 times; Then, the yam slice of peeling is put into boiling water to be boiled 6 minutes, Chinese yam after taking-up is boiled, put into beater, in yam slice (dry weight) 1: 6 (g/mL) pure water of ratio with water, vitaminize C sodium salt (consumption be Chinese yam stem tuber weight 0.02%), making beating separates and removes residue and get yam pulp.
Above-mentioned yam pulp is added pure water 13L, transfer about above-mentioned slurry pH value to 9 with NaOH liquid, stir under 50 ℃ temperature and extracted 150 minutes, supernatant and Chinese yam residue are collected in the 4500r/min centrifugation respectively.The Chinese yam residue repeats above-mentioned steps and extracts once.Merge centrifuged supernatant twice.With in the hydrochloric acid of concentration 10% and supernatant, vacuum concentrate relative density 1.3 thick concentrates; Direct spray-drying (170 ℃ of inlet temperatures, 80 ℃ of outlet temperatures).Get yam extract 341.1g.The content of Dioscin is 908 μ g/g in the yam extract, the content of allantoin is 19.5mg/g, the content of potassium is 45.8mg/g, the content of calcium is 178 μ g/g, the content of magnesium is 3990 μ g/g, the content of iron is 201 μ g/g, and the content of zinc is 10.3～24.6 μ g/g, and the content of selenium is 1.2 μ g/g.
Example six
Select bright Chinese yam stem tuber 10.0kg, clean peeling, be cut into the thick yam slice of about 5mm, drop into yam slice in the colour protecting liquid (the D-arabo-ascorbic acid sodium water solution that contains 0.3% citric acid and 0.1%) of preparation in advance rapidly, soaked 45 minutes, and took out yam slice, use distilled water flushing 2 times; Then, the yam slice of peeling is put into boiling water to be boiled 6 minutes, Chinese yam after taking-up is boiled, put into beater, in yam slice (dry weight) 1: 6 (g/mL) pure water of ratio with water, vitaminize C sodium salt (consumption be Chinese yam stem tuber weight 0.02%), making beating separates and removes residue and get yam pulp.
Above-mentioned yam pulp is added pure water 12L, transfer about above-mentioned slurry pH value to 9.5 with NaOH liquid, stir under 50 ℃ temperature and extracted 150 minutes, supernatant and Chinese yam residue are collected in the 4500r/min centrifugation respectively.The Chinese yam residue repeats above-mentioned steps and extracts once.Merge centrifuged supernatant twice.With in the hydrochloric acid of concentration 10% and supernatant, vacuum concentrate relative density 1.3 thick concentrates; Direct spray-drying (170 ℃ of inlet temperatures, 80 ℃ of outlet temperatures).Get yam extract 370.4g.The content of Dioscin is 654 μ g/g in the yam extract, and the content of allantoin is 19.5mg/g, and the content of potassium is 40.9mg/g, the content of calcium is 201 μ g/g, and the content of magnesium is 4009 μ g/g, and the content of iron is 240 μ g/g, the content of zinc is 23.5 μ g/g, and the content of selenium is 1.5 μ g/g.
Claims (4)
1. the yam extract of an enrichment various trace elements and preparation method is characterized in that:
A. yam extract
The content of Dioscin is 300～1000 μ g/g in the yam extract, the content of allantoin is 12.3～20.5mg/g, the content of potassium is 20.6～48.8mg/g, the content of calcium is 157～208 μ g/g, the content of magnesium is 2080～4090 μ g/g, the content of iron is 108～258 μ g/g, and the content of zinc is 10.3～26.5 μ g/g, and the content of selenium is 1.0～1.5 μ g/g;
B. preparation method
Yam flour or fresh yam pulp are moved in the extractor, extract with alkaline aqueous solution, supernatant is got in centrifugation, with this supernatant of acid neutralization, carries out vacuum then and concentrates, and spray-drying or freeze drying get yam extract.
2. according to the yam extract and the preparation method of the described a kind of enrichment various trace elements of claim 1, it is characterized in that yam extract be with polysaccharide as carrier, comprise also that wherein other dissolves in the microcomponent of dilute alkaline soln in the Chinese yam.
3. according to the yam extract and the preparation method of the described a kind of enrichment various trace elements of claim 1, it is characterized in that Chinese yam raw material (dry weight) and alkali lye volume ratio are 1: 10～1 in the preparation method: between the 12g/mL, used alkali is NaOH or Na
2CO
3, the pH of alkaline aqueous solution extracts 50～60 ℃ of temperature, 100～150 minutes extraction times between 8～9.5.
4. according to the yam extract and the preparation method of the described a kind of enrichment various trace elements of claim 1, it is characterized in that the vacuum concentrated supernatant gets relative density 1.2～1.4 thick concentrates in the preparation method; Freeze drying temperature-30～-40 ℃, 12～20 hours time.180～170 ℃ of spray-dired condition inlet temperatures, 90～80 ℃ of outlet temperatures.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105077073A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-25 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for preparing whole purple Chinese yam flour and whole purple Chinese yam flour prepared by method |
| CN106213307A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-12-14 | 汕头市奇伟实业有限公司 | A kind of method of the Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens potato adornment food high-valued comprehensive utilization of homology |
| EP3197278A4 (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2018-02-21 | Anjon Biologics Inc. | Mineral based compositions and use thereof |
| CN109662236A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-04-23 | 漳州市吾梓贸易有限公司 | A kind of food additives of the more saponin(es of selenium-rich polysaccharide, preparation method and applications |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101305766A (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2008-11-19 | 天津科技大学 | Active yam protein powder and its production method |
-
2010
- 2010-06-07 CN CN201010192589A patent/CN101869266A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101305766A (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2008-11-19 | 天津科技大学 | Active yam protein powder and its production method |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3197278A4 (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2018-02-21 | Anjon Biologics Inc. | Mineral based compositions and use thereof |
| CN105077073A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-25 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for preparing whole purple Chinese yam flour and whole purple Chinese yam flour prepared by method |
| CN105077073B (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2019-01-18 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of method preparing the full powder of purple Chinese yam and its full powder of purple Chinese yam |
| CN106213307A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-12-14 | 汕头市奇伟实业有限公司 | A kind of method of the Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens potato adornment food high-valued comprehensive utilization of homology |
| CN106213307B (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2019-08-30 | 汕头市奇伟实业有限公司 | A kind of method that ginger potato adornment eats homologous high-valued comprehensive utilization |
| CN109662236A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-04-23 | 漳州市吾梓贸易有限公司 | A kind of food additives of the more saponin(es of selenium-rich polysaccharide, preparation method and applications |
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Application publication date: 20101027 |