CN101865610A - Smoke gas waste heat recovery system - Google Patents

Smoke gas waste heat recovery system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101865610A
CN101865610A CN201010209029A CN201010209029A CN101865610A CN 101865610 A CN101865610 A CN 101865610A CN 201010209029 A CN201010209029 A CN 201010209029A CN 201010209029 A CN201010209029 A CN 201010209029A CN 101865610 A CN101865610 A CN 101865610A
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flue gas
waste heat
working medium
flue
recovery system
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CN201010209029A
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寇军
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Individual
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
    • Y02P80/15On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply

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  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a smoke gas waste heat recovery system, which comprises a smoke passage, at least one heat recovery device and a work medium conveying pipe network, wherein the heat recovery device is arranged in the smoke passage, a liquid heat exchange work medium is supplied to the heat recovery device from the outside of the smoke passage, and the work medium conveying pipe network is communicated with the heat recovery device for outputting the work medium after the heat exchange, wherein the pressure of the work medium flowing into the heat recovery device is controlled to meet the requirement that the temperature of the smoke gas flowing outside the smoke passage is between 140 and 220 DEG C. The smoke gas waste heat recovery system according to the invention has high recovery efficiency, and can not cause secondary pollution on the environment.

Description

Flue gas waste heat recovery system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the waste heat recovery field, particularly a kind of flue gas waste heat recovery system that can improve the energy recovery efficiency of flue gas in the flue.
Background technology
Along with the raising of Chinese economic development and environmental requirement, increasing oil-burning gas-fired boiler comes into operation.Heating furnace, the heat-treatment furnace of metallurgy industry, coloured industry and mechanical processing industry, its flue-gas temperature that enters chimney is usually more than 700 ℃, this flue gas is through after simple the processing, promptly be discharged in the atmosphere, thereby a large amount of heat energy wastes with fume emission, and according to statistics, the heat utilization efficiency of existing boiler has only 20%-30% usually, and the heat that flue gas is taken away reaches 30%-60% usually, even more.New energy saving policy of putting into effect of country and standard have proposed new requirement to energy-conservation.Because the day of petroleum resources is becoming tight and user's fuel cost significantly improves, the efficient that improves boiler is urgent day by day.
In order to improve utilization efficiency of energy, in the flue of the heating furnace that the existing conventional ratio is burnt, usually wherein be provided with air heat exchanger, the temperature that enters the flue gas of chimney with utilization is carried out heat exchange by described air heat exchanger, but because the limitation of air heat exchange, the heat exchanger effectiveness that utilizes air heat exchanger to bring is still very low.And undertaken after the heat exchange by air heat exchanger, the temperature through the flue gas after the heat exchange in the flue still reaches more than 350 ℃.And the flue gas of heating furnace of existing heat-accumulation combustion has 30% directly to enter flue and drained by chimney approximately, and the flue-gas temperature of discharge is more than 700 ℃.Do not have air heat exchanger in most of heat-treatment furnace flue, do not have gas change heater yet.
In addition, recovery at the energy of about 350 ℃ flue gases, the common more complicated of existing equipment, and be difficult to be used to produce high-temperature steam, generate electricity by turbine being used for, because this turbine is applicable to Generator Set, according to the data introduction, minimum power is more than 750kw and efficient is lower and it is very strict that the purity of high-temperature steam and pressure are required, and the temperature flue gas about existing 350 degree is to be difficult to satisfy this requirement.So far, adopt the directly mode of discharging usually, greatly wasted energy for the flue gas of temperature about 350 ℃.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is intended to solve at least one of above-mentioned technological deficiency, particularly solve flue gas waste heat recovery efficient low, utilize and to be limited in scope, particularly to the limited problem of energy recovery efficiency of non high temperature flue gas (for example 350-1000 ℃).
For achieving the above object, one aspect of the present invention proposes a kind of flue gas waste heat recovery system, comprising: flue; Be arranged at least one heat reclamation device in the flue, liquid heat exchange working medium is supplied to described heat reclamation device outside flue; The working medium transmission pipeline network that is communicated with described heat reclamation device, be used to generate electricity with the working medium after the output heat exchange, the pressure that wherein flows into the working medium in the described heat reclamation device is controlled to, the feasible temperature that flows out the flue gas of described heat-exchanger rig is between 140 ℃ to 220 ℃.
According to the flue gas waste heat recovery system of the embodiment of the invention, the organic efficiency height, can not cause secondary pollution to environment, particularly, provide good recyclability at existing discharged flue gas more than 350 ℃, improved heat utilization efficiency.
According to the flue gas waste heat recovery system of the embodiment of the invention, can also have following additional technical feature:
Flue gas waste heat recovery system wherein, is provided with the juxtaposed heat reclamation device of many rows in the described flue according to an embodiment of the invention.
Flue gas waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, liquid heat exchange working medium is recycled outside flue and is supplied to described heat reclamation device.
Flue gas waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, described heat reclamation device forms waste heat boiler.
Flue gas waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, the heat pipe of described waste heat boiler is formed straight tube.
Flue gas waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, described heat pipe traverses the cross section of described flue.
Flue gas waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, the part of described heat pipe with respect to described flue direction with predetermined angle setting.
Flue gas waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the invention, also further comprise: screw expander, described screw expander is connected to the delivery outlet of described working medium transmission pipeline network, to generate electricity.
Flue gas waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, described screw expander comprises: at least two screw rods that are arranged side by side, described screw rod can be promoted acting by working medium, to generate electricity.
Because described screw rod relative to each other mates, and can utilize gas liquid mixture to do work, thereby provide a kind of system of low-cost generating.In addition, because relatively rotating between the screw rod, thereby the problems such as fouling that exist in traditional steam turbine can not appear, thus reduced the production cost of the maintenance cost and the working medium of whole system.
Flue gas waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the invention also further comprises: outside working medium access point, and with to described working medium transmission pipeline network input extra work working medium.
Flue gas waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the invention, also further comprise: working medium is sent contact outside, with the some or all of outside that is disposed to described flue gas waste heat recovery system of working medium that will flow in the described system.
Flue gas waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, the pressure of described working medium is for being not more than 2.45MPa.
Flue gas waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the invention, further comprise: air heat exchanger or gas change heater, described heat exchanger is arranged in the flue, is used for the temperature of flue gas is reduced to 350-550 ℃.Aspect that the present invention adds and advantage part in the following description provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage are from obviously and easily understanding becoming the description of embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the flue gas waste heat recovery system of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the screw expander in the embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein identical from start to finish or similar label is represented identical or similar elements or the element with identical or similar functions.Below by the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings is exemplary, only is used to explain the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
The present invention mainly is to have proposed a kind of flue gas waste heat recovery system 100.Described flue gas waste heat recovery system 100 comprises: flue 1; Be arranged at least one heat reclamation device 2 in the flue 1, for example the liquid heat exchange working medium of water is supplied to described heat reclamation device 2 outside flue 1; The working medium transmission pipeline network 5 that is communicated with described heat reclamation device 1, with the working medium after the output heat exchange, the pressure that wherein flows into the working medium in the described heat reclamation device 2 is controlled to, makes that the temperature that flows out flue gas outside the described flue is between 140 ℃ to 220 ℃.
In flue, the temperature of flue gas also is subjected to the restriction of sulfur corrosion, sulphur in flue gas with SO 2And SO 3Form exist, at the following SO of flue gas dew point 2And SO 3Can be combined into the metalwork of sulfurous acid and sulfuric acid corrosion equipment with the steam in the flue gas.The dew-point temperature of flue gas is influenced by fuel sulphur content, combustion system, combustion intensity, flue dust character etc., but just can effectively control sulfur corrosion as long as the flue-gas temperature after the waste heat recovery is controlled at about 140 to 220 ℃.
Flue gas waste heat recovery system 100 according to the embodiment of the invention, fume afterheat has been carried out further recovery, further improved the organic efficiency of waste heat, and can not cause secondary pollution to environment, particularly at discharged flue gas in the existing flue 1, more than 350 ℃, good recyclability is provided, has improved heat utilization efficiency.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described flue gas waste heat recovery system 100 further comprises air heat exchanger 7, and described air heat exchanger 7 is arranged in the flue 1, is used for the temperature of flue gas is reduced to 350-550 ℃.Need to prove, not only air heat exchanger can be set in the described flue 1, also gas change heater can be set.In addition, this part heat is directly used in heating furnace, heat-treatment furnace itself to improve the thermal efficiency of itself.
As shown in fig. 1,, can be provided with the juxtaposed heat reclamation devices 2 of many rows in the described flue 1, with the heat exchange efficiency and the performance of further enhancing system according to one embodiment of the invention.For example the liquid heat exchange working medium of water can be recycled outside flue 1 and be supplied to described heat reclamation device 2, thereby improves the working medium cycle efficieny of whole system, and reduces the operating cost of whole system.
According to one embodiment of the invention, described heat reclamation device 2 forms waste heat boiler.And in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described heat reclamation device 2 forms heat pipe waste heat boiler.Because heat pipe occupies little space, the flue gas resistance loss is little, advantage such as can singlely change, so preferred.In addition, heat pipe has automatic temperature switch function, can control flue-gas temperature accurately, and when not having the temperature difference, described heat pipe does not conduct heat, and when the temperature difference was arranged, described heat pipe automatically carried out heat exchange with heat in the flue gas and the working medium in the heat pipe.The heat pipe of described waste heat boiler is formed straight tube, thus the contact area of flue gas in increase as much as possible and the flue, thus increase heat exchange efficiency.According to one embodiment of present invention, described heat pipe traverses the cross section of described flue 1 and is provided with.According to one embodiment of present invention, the part of described heat pipe is with respect to the angle setting of flow of flue gas direction to be scheduled to of described flue.
Flue gas waste heat recovery system 100 according to an embodiment of the invention, and described heat pipe can traverse the cross section of described flue.For example the heat-exchange working medium of water carries out heat exchange by the flue gas in described heat pipe and the flue 1, to become gaseous state, liquid state or the gas-liquid mixed attitude working medium after heating up.
Flue gas waste heat recovery system 100 according to an embodiment of the invention, and the part of described heat pipe is with respect to the angle setting of flow of flue gas direction to be scheduled to of described flue, so that the flue gas in heat pipe and the flue 1 carries out abundant heat exchange.
Flue gas waste heat recovery system 100 according to an embodiment of the invention, may further include: screw expander 4, described screw expander 4 is connected to the delivery outlet of described working medium transmission pipeline network 5, thereby utilizes gaseous state, liquid state or gas-liquid mixed attitude working medium after heating up to generate electricity.
Described screw expander 4 can comprise: first screw rod 41; With first screw rod 41, second screw rod 42 side by side, described first screw rod 41 and second screw rod 42 can be promoted acting by working medium, to generate electricity.Need to prove that described screw expander 4 can comprise at least two screw rods, for example when working medium flow is big, can be arranged side by side 2 or above screw rod generating set.
Described first screw rod 41, second screw rod 42 can form the negative and positive screw rod that matches each other.Because described screw rod relative to each other mates, and can utilize gas liquid mixture to do work, thereby provide a kind of system of low-cost generating.In addition, because relatively rotating between the screw rod 41,42, thereby the problems such as fouling that exist in traditional steam turbine can not appear, thus reduced the maintenance cost of whole system.
Flue gas waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the invention also further comprises: outside working medium access point 3, and with to described working medium transmission pipeline network 5 input extra work working medium.In view of the above, can be implemented under the situation of the work working medium deficiency that waste heat boiler carries, in described system, supply with work working medium extraly, thereby guarantee the normal operation of screw expander 4.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, described flue gas waste heat recovery system 100 may further include: working medium is sent contact 6 outside, partly or entirely be disposed to the outside of described flue gas waste heat recovery system with the working medium that will be described flow in the system 100, carry out under the situation that this needs to be serviced in whole system usually, maintenance etc. is abnormal.When the opposite side of sending contact 6 outside connects other pipe network system, then also working medium all can be sent outside by sending contact 6 outside, this moment, TRT then there is no need configuration with relevant access point.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the pressure of described working medium can be set to be not more than 2.45MPa, and the temperature that can guarantee flue gas outside the described flue thus is between 140 ℃ to 220 ℃.
The temperature that flows out the flue gas outside the flue 1 preferably is not less than 140 ℃, and this is that the S in the flue gas can become sulfuric acid flue is caused corrosion, and improves maintenance cost because be lower than under 140 ℃ the situation.In flue, the temperature of flue gas also is subjected to the restriction of sulfur corrosion, sulphur in flue gas with SO 2And SO 3Form exist, at the following SO of flue gas dew point 2And SO 3Can be combined into the metalwork of sulfurous acid and sulfuric acid corrosion equipment with the steam in the flue gas.The dew-point temperature of flue gas is influenced by fuel sulphur content, combustion system, combustion intensity, flue dust character etc., but just can effectively control sulfur corrosion as long as the flue-gas temperature after the waste heat recovery is controlled at about 140 to 220 ℃.
Being arranged side by side a plurality of heat reclamation devices 2 in flue 1 can adjacent one another arely be provided with, and the setting that also can be separated from each other is to improve the energy recovery efficiency of whole flue gas.Liquid refrigerant in the described heat reclamation device 2 absorbs the heat of flue gas and becomes liquid-vapor mixture with certain temperature and pressure or the working medium of steam in this device, the working medium of coming out from heat reclamation device 2 has following path to select:
A) in an example of the embodiment of the invention, process working medium transmission pipeline network 5 is sent in the TRT 4 and is generated electricity.And in another example, by outside working medium access point 3 outside working medium is inserted in the TRT 4, under the acting in conjunction of internal working medium and outside working medium, generate electricity;
B) in an example of the embodiment of the invention, send contact 6 outside by working medium working medium is partly or entirely sent into other energy resource systems; The part working medium of not sent outside is used to send screw expander to generate electricity.
C) in an example of the embodiment of the invention, when equipment is under the abnormal situation such as maintenance, sends contact 6 outside by working medium working medium is directly diffused in the atmosphere.
Flue gas is example significantly reducing by heat reclamation device 2 back temperature with 600 ℃ flue gases, and the exhaust temperature of flue gas can be controlled at about 140 ℃ according to the present invention, and about 75% heat energy is reclaimed by heat reclamation device 2.Flue gas about 140 ℃ can adopt the mode of mechanical smoke extraction to discharge fume.This shows that the heat recovery efficiency of whole system is very high.
The operation principle of screw expander 4 is described below with reference to Fig. 2.
As shown in Figure 2, liquid state or gas-liquid mixed attitude working medium after heating up are introduced into screw rod teeth groove A, promoting first, second screw rod 41,42 these two negative and positive screw rods rotates round about, rotation along with screw rod, steam step-down cooling expansion working, discharge from teeth groove B at last, and can the circulatory system, to offer described flue gas waste heat recovery system 100, and liquid state after heating up or gas-liquid mixed attitude working medium institute work rate be from first, second screw rod 41,42 middle-jiao yang, function of the spleen and stomach screw rods output, generates electricity etc. thereby drive work mechanism.
The internal efficiency of screw expander reaches as high as 70%, and efficient is greater than the steam turbine internal efficiency with capacity.And machine dimensions is big more, and efficient is high more.Screw expander can directly utilize saturated vapor, moist steam even hot water.It is simple in structure, and handling ease is in running, owing to the effect of scraping of sweeping mutually of machine inner part has the rust cleaning self-cleaning ability.The screw expander of this structure have efficient height, cost low, surge can not take place, moist steam is had good adaptive capacity, can carry out characteristics such as heavy load starts, the axle envelope is effective, the life-span is long.
The embodiment of the invention is by using screw expander, relative motion by screw rod and screw rod, screw rod and casing, limited the growth of dirt, the residue dirt of failing to remove can play the effect that reduces the gap, can reduce leakage loss, can further improve the efficient of unit, even and if when working medium pressure significantly changed, internal efficiency also changed hardly.The embodiment of the invention can reclaim unserviceable waste heat energy in the steam turbine thermodynamic cycle, and can be converted into electric energy by using screw expander, has reduced the loss of fume afterheat, has improved economy.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, be appreciated that without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention and can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification that scope of the present invention is by claims and be equal to and limit to these embodiment.

Claims (13)

1. a flue gas waste heat recovery system is characterized in that, comprising:
Flue;
Be arranged at least one heat reclamation device in the flue, liquid heat exchange working medium is supplied to described heat reclamation device outside flue;
The working medium transmission pipeline network that is communicated with described heat reclamation device is with the working medium after the output heat exchange, wherein
The pressure that flows into the working medium in the described heat reclamation device is controlled to, makes that the temperature that flows out flue gas outside the described flue is between 140 ℃ to 220 ℃.
2. flue gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with the juxtaposed heat reclamation device of many rows in the described flue.
3. flue gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, liquid heat exchange working medium is recycled outside flue and is supplied to described heat reclamation device.
4. flue gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 2 is characterized in that described heat reclamation device forms waste heat boiler.
5. flue gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described waste heat boiler is a heat pipe waste heat boiler, and the heat pipe of wherein said waste heat boiler is formed straight tube.
6. flue gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 5 is characterized in that described heat pipe traverses the cross section of described flue and is provided with.
7. flue gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the part of described heat pipe is with respect to the angle setting of flow of flue gas direction to be scheduled to of described flue.
8. flue gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 2 further comprises:
Screw expander, described screw expander is connected to the delivery outlet of described working medium transmission pipeline network, to generate electricity.
9. flue gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described screw expander comprises:
At least two screw rods that are arranged side by side, described screw rod can be promoted acting by working medium, to generate electricity.
10. flue gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 8 further comprises:
Outside working medium access point is to import extra work working medium to described working medium transmission pipeline network.
11. flue gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 10 further comprises:
Working medium is sent contact outside, partly or entirely is disposed to the outside of described flue gas waste heat recovery system with the working medium that will flow in the described system.
12. flue gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the pressure of described working medium is for being not more than 2.45MPa.
13. flue gas waste heat recovery system according to claim 1 further comprises:
Air heat exchanger or gas change heater, described heat exchanger is arranged in the flue, is used for the temperature of flue gas is reduced to 350-550 ℃.
CN201010209029A 2010-06-17 2010-06-17 Smoke gas waste heat recovery system Pending CN101865610A (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0848138A2 (en) * 1996-12-16 1998-06-17 Colorobbia Espana, S.A. Fusion heat recovery and combustion gases filtering system with electric power production
CN2844824Y (en) * 2005-05-18 2006-12-06 天津大学 Fluid power generating system by low temperature waste heat
CN2909142Y (en) * 2006-04-07 2007-06-06 南京华电节能环保设备有限公司 Waste gas residual heat recovery device of calciner
CN101261008A (en) * 2008-04-21 2008-09-10 王敏 Liquid phase intermediate medium heat exchanging type heat exchanger
CN101344360A (en) * 2008-08-20 2009-01-14 首钢总公司 CO2 circulating and coal gas compensation combustion type power generation method by sintered waste heat
CN201359444Y (en) * 2009-01-15 2009-12-09 江苏东能环保能源科技有限公司 Power generation system utilizing sintered waste heat
CN101650132A (en) * 2009-08-07 2010-02-17 长沙锅炉厂有限责任公司 Sintering waste heat generating system
CN201803597U (en) * 2010-06-17 2011-04-20 寇军 Flue gas waste heat recovery system

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0848138A2 (en) * 1996-12-16 1998-06-17 Colorobbia Espana, S.A. Fusion heat recovery and combustion gases filtering system with electric power production
CN2844824Y (en) * 2005-05-18 2006-12-06 天津大学 Fluid power generating system by low temperature waste heat
CN2909142Y (en) * 2006-04-07 2007-06-06 南京华电节能环保设备有限公司 Waste gas residual heat recovery device of calciner
CN101261008A (en) * 2008-04-21 2008-09-10 王敏 Liquid phase intermediate medium heat exchanging type heat exchanger
CN101344360A (en) * 2008-08-20 2009-01-14 首钢总公司 CO2 circulating and coal gas compensation combustion type power generation method by sintered waste heat
CN201359444Y (en) * 2009-01-15 2009-12-09 江苏东能环保能源科技有限公司 Power generation system utilizing sintered waste heat
CN101650132A (en) * 2009-08-07 2010-02-17 长沙锅炉厂有限责任公司 Sintering waste heat generating system
CN201803597U (en) * 2010-06-17 2011-04-20 寇军 Flue gas waste heat recovery system

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