CN101857501B - Microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101857501B CN101857501B CN 201010204511 CN201010204511A CN101857501B CN 101857501 B CN101857501 B CN 101857501B CN 201010204511 CN201010204511 CN 201010204511 CN 201010204511 A CN201010204511 A CN 201010204511A CN 101857501 B CN101857501 B CN 101857501B
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- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties and a production method thereof. The microbial inoculum is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10-70 percent of macromoleclar polymer saponified fluid, 10-60 percent of microbial fermenting bacterial liquid, 1.0-10 percent of mineral powder, 0.2-5.0 percent of OP-10 dispersing agent and cross-linking agent the addition of which is 0.2-10 percent of the weight of the macromoleclar polymer saponified fluid. The macromoleclar polymer saponified fluid is formed by carrying out partial neutralization reaction on a macromoleclar polymer and sodium hydroxide and the neutralization degree is 50-90 percent. In the invention, by adopting a normal-temperature cross-linking process, since the reaction is carried out at normal temperature, the activity of microbial strains cannot be influenced; and meanwhile, the microbial inoculum is coated in a low-density network of resin with high water-absorbing property, the resin with high water-absorbing property is uniformly mixed with the microbial strains, the separation and delamination phenomena cannot generate, the survival rate of the strains can be ensured and the service performance of fertilizer can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum, particularly a kind of microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining performance and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Microbial fertilizer is a newer research field of soil microbiology, and its researchdevelopment is of great significance for Sustainable development green agriculture and ecological agriculture tool, and day by day is subject to people and pays close attention at large.
Microbial fertilizer typically refers to the particular product that a class contains the living microorganism bacterium, be applied in the agriculture production, crop can obtain fertilizer effect, in the production process of this effect, the living microorganism bacterium that contains in the goods can be with the nitrogen of the nonabsorbable material of some crop such as invalid attitude in the soil, phosphorus, the element decomposition and inversion such as potassium become the effective nitrogen that can directly be absorbed by crop, phosphorus, the nutritive substances such as potassium, and in its metabolic process, produce plant stimulatory material matter, antibiotics etc., thereby improve the crop alimentary situation, reduce disease and pest, impel the healthy and strong growth of crop, reach the purpose of volume increase.In microbial fertilizer, only have these useful microbial bacterias to be in vigorous breeding, the metabolic situation, the conversion of material and the formation of useful metabolite just can be carried out, therefore, beneficial microorganism number of viable and vigorous vital movement are basis and the prerequisite of its validity in the microbial fertilizer.The vital movement of microbial bacteria also is subject to the impact of the factors such as Soil Factors such as moisture content, temperature, oxygen, pH value and redox potential except the needs energy and nutriment.
Water is indispensable material in the microbial nutrition, and it is not only a kind of nutritive substance, or the main chemical constitution of microorganism cells.Water is the good solvent of nutritive substance and meta-bolites, and nutritive substance and meta-bolites are all by dissolving be dispersed in water the cell of coming in and going out.Water is the medium that various biochemical reactions are carried out in the cell, and participate in many biochemical reactions, so the microorganism optimum is lived in a humid environment, in the soil of drying, microorganism can only be kept survival under dormant state, this also is that microbial fertilizer is in the not good enough reason of arid area validity.
If we in manufacturing the process of microbial fertilizer, can select good bacterial classification, and the environment that they provide nutritious, moisture content is abundant can be, the validity of microbial fertilizer will be improved widely undoubtedly.
High hydrophilous resin is a kind of novel functional high molecule material, it contains hydrophilic radical, after appropriately crosslinked, form tridimensional network, can absorb by hydration the moisture content of tens times of sole masses and even thousands of times, have that the fast capacity of absorption speed is large, water retention capacity is strong and nonpoisonous and tasteless, the function that can repeatedly absorb water.People utilize materials to develop the fertilizer of drought-resistant water-preserving function in succession in recent years.
The existing most of way that adopts the physics fusion of fertilizer with water-holding slow-release function, all be directly to be mixed by fertilizer such as High hydrophilous resin and microbial inoculum and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, be a kind of high effect microorganism seed growth accelerating agent of 96120571.7 such as the patent No., and application number is 200710156464.1 multifunctional additive for greening seedling growth substrate.Above-mentioned two kinds of fertilizer all are that High hydrophilous resin is directly mixed with microbiobacterial agent.Because High hydrophilous resin is particulate solid, and is different from microbiobacterial agent proportion, and water-absorbing resin self has the high-hydroscopicity energy.The two method of directly admixing is difficult to mix, and is unfavorable for microorganism growth, and High hydrophilous resin also is difficult to play a role, and directly affects the result of use of fertilizer.
Application number is high activity biological nutrition water-loss reducer of 200810017320.2 and preparation method thereof, has adopted High hydrophilous resin to add linking agent, the method for mixing with biological bacteria again.But the High hydrophilous resin of the method can't directly be undertaken crosslinked by adding linking agent without saponification.Be crosslinked resin such as High hydrophilous resin, then add again linking agent without practical significance.Microbial strains also can't be wrapped in the crosslinking structure of water-absorbing resin, and the two still is difficult to mix.
Existing High hydrophilous resin is when polymerization crosslinking, mostly need under the hot conditions more than 100 degree, carry out, and temperature more high texture is harder, as High hydrophilous resin is carried out high-temperature cross-linking, then can directly cause the death of microbial strains, reduce the validity of microbial fertilizer, limit its application on microbial fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties, solve microbiobacterial agent and mix uneven technical problem with High hydrophilous resin, and solve the technical problem that the High hydrophilous resin high-temperature cross-linking causes the microbial strains inactivation.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
This microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties, formulated by following raw materials by weight:
High molecular polymer saponification liquor: 10～70%;
Microbial fermentation bacterium liquid: 10～60%;
Mineral powder: 1.0～10%;
OP-10 dispersion agent: 0.2～5.0%;
Linking agent: addition is 0.2～10% of high molecular polymer saponification liquor weight;
Each component concentration sum is 100%;
Described high molecular polymer saponification liquor is to be formed through partly-hydrolysed reaction by high molecular polymer and sodium hydroxide, and saponification and degree are 50～90%.
The raw materials used components by weight percentage of described high molecular polymer saponification liquor is as follows:
High molecular polymer: 10～30 %;
NaOH： 3～15%；
Deionized water: 60～90%;
Each component concentration sum is 100%.
Described high molecular polymer is the polyacrylic acid resinoid or is polyisobutene-maleic anhydride resinoid;
Described microbial fermentation bacterium liquid is formed by one or more mixed preparing in bacillus megaterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, the subtilis, and the living bacteria count of microbial fermentation bacterium liquid is 30～10,000,000,000/ml.
Described mineral powder is one or more the mixture in careless carbon, zeolite, vermiculite, montmorillonite, calcium carbonate, the pearlstone, the fineness of mineral powder≤200 orders.
Described linking agent is polyalcohols linking agent or 2-glycidyl ethers linking agent.
The production method of this microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties, production stage is as follows:
Step 1, preparation high molecular polymer saponification liquor carries out partly-hydrolysed reaction with NaOH and high molecular polymer, saponification and degree are controlled the scope 50～90%, make it form uniform saponification liquor, and temperature of reaction is: 50～85 ℃, reaction times is: 2～8 hours, reaction pressure was: normal pressure;
Step 2 mixes into uniform dispersion liquid with high molecular polymer saponification liquor, microbial inoculum, raw mineral materials, and the pH value of regulating dispersion liquid is 7.0 ± 0.2;
Step 3, in the dispersion liquid that step 2 is mixed into, 0.2～10% of the high molecular polymer saponification liquor weight for preparing by step 1 under the normal temperature adds linking agent, and abundant and dispersion liquid stirs;
Step 4 is sprayed at the dispersion liquid of step 3 on the sorbent material equably, stirs, and fully at normal temperatures naturally placement 1～3 day after the absorption obtains microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties;
After the described step 4, pulvis or granule will be made behind microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties drying, pulverizing, the sub-sieve.
In the described step 4, the weight ratio of dispersion liquid and sorbent material is 1:2～7.
Described sorbent material can be careless carbon dust or zeolite powder.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention utilizes the characteristic of High hydrophilous resin, with the saponification liquor of high molecular polymer and the multi-hole type mineral (such as careless carbon, zeolite, montmorillonite etc.) of some beneficial microorganism microbial inoculum (as: phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, subtilis etc.) and some organic or inorganics, be prepared into a kind of special blend by certain cold cross-linking technique, namely-kind have height suction, a water conservation blend of half interpenetrating network structure.In this blend, the beneficial microorganism bacterium is wrapped among the network of water absorbent polymer, loose porous mineral substance intercalation is between network, and appropriateness has enlarged the access way of microbial bacteria, moisture, oxygen and nutritive substance, for microbial bacteria has been built a very suitable living environment.
The present invention adopts cold cross-linking technique, first High hydrophilous resin and NaOH are prepared into saponification liquor through neutralization reaction, make High hydrophilous resin saponification liquor and microbial fermentation solution, mineral powder etc. be mixed into uniform dispersion liquid, in dispersion agent, add again linking agent, make the high molecular polymer sodium salt carry out at normal temperatures low cross-linking.Because reaction is carried out at normal temperatures, do not affect the activity of microbial strains, simultaneously microbiobacterial agent is wrapped in the low density network of High hydrophilous resin, High hydrophilous resin and microbiobacterial agent are mixed, do not separate, the phenomenon of layering, guarantee the survival rate of bacterial classification, improved the use properties of fertilizer.
The present invention directly adopts synthetic high molecular polymer as starting raw material, avoids adopting Acrylic Acid Monomer as starting raw material, adds initiator and carries out high molecular polymerization.Because acrylic acid polyreaction needs higher polymerization temperature, usually need more than 75 ℃, low temperature then is difficult to initiated polymerization.And acrylic acid polyreaction is violent to the process exception of heat release from heat absorption.As adopt Acrylic Acid Monomer to add initiator, linking agent, simultaneously polymerization is also crosslinked, can cause the microbial bacteria mortality, can't reach the purpose that the High hydrophilous resin network packet is wrapped with the effect viable bacteria.The present invention directly adopts high molecular polymer to avoid the generation of above-mentioned situation, can also make the better effects if of crosslinking reaction, forms uniform network structure, reaches the purpose of microbial bacteria survival, can also reduce production costs simultaneously.
High molecular polymer of the present invention can adopt polyisobutene-maleic anhydride resinoid,
The present invention directly adopts liquid microbial fermentation bacterium liquid, and the microbial fermentation microbial inoculum is that liquid liquid mixes with the high molecular polymer saponification liquor, thereby makes the two mixing more even.Microbial fermentation bacterium liquid adopts standard method to be prepared from, and living bacteria count reaches 30-100 hundred million/ml, has guaranteed the performance of fertilizer.Several microbial fertilizer bacterium of the present invention, all belong to bacillus category, their adaptability is extensive, can both survive under the condition of aerobic, anoxic, and their opposing adverse circumstance abilities are strong simultaneously, the hat that can be rated as microorganism, and the anti-ray ability of thermal resistance and acid-alkali resistance is all very strong, they are applied the field after, can be in plant root amount reproduction, growth, form gemma class dominant microflora, brought into play double effects disease-resistant, volume increase.
Bacillus megaterium Bacillus megaterium belongs to phosphorus bacteria, can will can not is by the available phosphorus of plant absorbing, for plant provides abundant nutrition, thereby to have increased soil fertility by the not dissolved phosphorus of plant absorbing, decomposition and inversion in the soil.Simultaneously phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria can adsorb the trace elements such as zinc around the crop root, copper, calcium, improves the crop alimentary environment, and can secrete growth regulatory substance, promotes the root growth of crop, produces effect of increasing production.
Bacillusmusilaginosiengineering Bacillus mucilaginosus belongs to potassium solubilizing bacteria, can decompose indissoluble potassium decomposing in the soil, make it to become can be absorbed by crops water-soluble potassium, it can also decomposing rock phosphate with hydrogen, and has nitrogen fixing capacity.
Subtilis Bacillus subtilis is not only the promotion bacterium of plant-growth, also is a kind of microbial bactericide of low toxicity wide spectrum simultaneously, and it can suppress the plant disease fungi spore germination, destroys germ germ tube and mycelial growth, plays the effect of sterilization disease-resistant evil.
Linking agent of the present invention is polyalcohols or 2-glycidyl ethers linking agent, and they all can carry out above-mentioned superpolymer saponification liquor appropriately crosslinked at normal temperatures, have avoided injury and the impact of high-temperature cross-linking on microorganism active.
The present invention also adds dispersion agent OP-10 when mixing, its composition is alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, has good level dyeing, emulsification, wetting, diffusion, and static resistance can make each composition scatter uniformly in dispersion liquid.
The present invention also adds organic or the inorganic mineral raw material, such as careless carbon, zeolite, vermiculite, montmorillonite, calcium carbonate, pearlstone etc., these raw materials all have porous or laminate structure, they have very large specific surface area and pore volume, itself also has water absorbability and swelling property, if you would take off the water yield of the adsorbable 8-15 of stone times own vol, volumetric expansion can reach several times to 30 times.In the screen work crystalline structure of zeolite hole of all sizes and passage are arranged, have very large opening, water molecules can be evenly distributed in hole and the passage.All can produce vesicular structure to their embedded polymer thing crosslinked inside in the superpolymer polymerization or after the polymerization.
Microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties of the present invention is having broad application prospects aspect agricultural, the forestry.Adopt the drought-resistant water-preserving type composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention's preparation to have drought-resistant water-preserving, fertilizer conservation synergy, improve soil function, improve the multi-efficiency of crop quality and output.The soil water retention capacity is increased, prolong the watering period, thereby strengthened the drought-resistant ability of crop.The soil water regain increases, can adsorb more fertilizer element soluble in water, can reduce to a certain extent the leaching loss of fertilizer, provide favourable living environment for useful yield increasing fungus again simultaneously, improved microbic activity, thereby the fertilizer efficiency of composite microbiological fertilizer is improved significantly.
Test-results shows, the seeds such as the tomato that process microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties Dressing is crossed, cucumber, celery, onion, ginger, wheat, corn were on average sprouted 2～3 days in advance than the above-mentioned seed of processing with the common micro-organisms fertilizer bacterial agent, and seedling rate improves 8～15%.Take the tomato of field planting as example, the microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties amount of application is in 10～20g/ strain scope, can improve seedling replanting surviving rate 10～30%, and can shorten seedling-slowing stage 3～5 days, the plant height of field planting 4～6 all ensuing crops and the strain width of cloth all have a larger increase than the contrast plant.Normally the cycle of watering can prolong 3～4 days, and the sugariness of its tomato improves 2～2.5 degree, and output increased 10～25% has bright saving water, resisting drought effect.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is technological process of production schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, adopts polyacrylic resin to prepare sodium polyacrylate type microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties.
In the reactor of 200kg, add 70kg deionized water and 7kgNaOH, stirring and dissolving under the normal pressure slowly adds the 18kg polyacrylic resin while stirring after the cooling, then be warming up to 70 ℃ ± 2 ℃, after the saponification reaction that is hydrolyzed 5 hours, make sodium polyacrylate hydrolysis saponification solution.
After sodium polyacrylate is hydrolyzed saponification solution and is cooled to room temperature, add 30kg bacillus megaterium and bacillusmusilaginosiengineering mixed fermentation concentrated solution (the concentrated type mixed fermentation liquid that can adopt Beijing Shuanglong Ams Science ﹠ Technology Co., Ltd. to produce, 4,000,000,000 of living bacteria counts/ml), add 3kg montmorillonite powder (fineness≤200 orders), 1kg zeolite powder (fineness≤200 orders), 1.5kgOP-10 dispersion agent, fully stir, mixing, its pH value is transferred to 7.0 ± 0.2, add at last 0.9kg linking agent glycerol (C3H8O3), stir evenly rear evenly being sprayed on the 500kg peat composed of rotten mosses powder, stir, naturally place carried out in 48 hours crosslinked after, send into convection type roller dryer dry (temperature is lower than 70 ℃), pulverize again, make sodium polyacrylate type microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties behind the sub-sieve, its highest suction multiple is 300 times.
Embodiment 2
Adopt polyisobutene-maleic anhydride resinoid to prepare polyisobutene-maleic anhydride type microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties.
In the reactor of 200kg, add 60kg deionized water and 4.2kgNaOH, stirring and dissolving under the normal pressure, slowly add while stirring 10kg polyisobutene-maleic anhydride resin after the cooling, then be warming up to 80 ℃ ± 2 ℃, the saponification reaction that is hydrolyzed 7 hours is made polyisobutene-sodium maleate saponification solution.
After polyisobutene-the sodium maleate saponification solution is cooled to room temperature, add the 35kg bacillus megaterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, subtilis mixed fermentation liquid is (by the concentrated type mixed fermentation liquid of Beijing Shuanglong Ams Science ﹠ Technology Co., Ltd.'s production, 5,000,000,000 of living bacteria counts/ml), add 1kg peat composed of rotten mosses powder (fineness≤200 orders), 3kg zeolite powder (fineness≤200 orders), the 2kgOP-10 dispersion agent, fully stir, mixing, its pH value is transferred to 7.0 ± 0.2, add at last 0.5kg linking agent ethylene glycol diglycidylether (C8H14O4), stir evenly rear evenly being sprayed on the 400kg peat composed of rotten mosses powder, after stirring absorption, naturally place carried out in 72 hours crosslinked after, send into convection type roller dryer dry (temperature is lower than 70 ℃), pulverize again, make polyisobutene-sodium maleate type microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties behind the sub-sieve, its highest suction multiple is 260 times for its highest suction multiple.
Claims (8)
1. microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties is characterized in that: formulated by following raw materials by weight:
High molecular polymer saponification liquor: 10～70%;
Microbial fermentation bacterium liquid: 10～60%;
Mineral powder: 1.0～10%;
OP-10 dispersion agent: 0.2～5.0%;
Linking agent: addition is 0.2～10% of high molecular polymer saponification liquor weight;
Each component concentration sum is 100%;
Described high molecular polymer saponification liquor is to be formed through partly-hydrolysed reaction by high molecular polymer and sodium hydroxide, and saponification deg is 50～90%;
Described high molecular polymer is the polyacrylic acid resinoid or is polyisobutene-maleic anhydride resinoid;
Described microbial fermentation bacterium liquid is formed by one or more mixed preparing in bacillus megaterium, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, the subtilis, and the living bacteria count of microbial fermentation bacterium liquid is 30～10,000,000,000/ml.
2. microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the raw materials used components by weight percentage of described high molecular polymer saponification liquor is as follows:
High molecular polymer: 10～30 %;
NaOH： 3～15%；
Deionized water: 60～90%;
Each component concentration sum is 100%.
3. microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described mineral powder is one or more the mixture in the peat composed of rotten mosses, zeolite, vermiculite, montmorillonite, calcium carbonate, the pearlstone, the fineness of mineral powder≤200 orders.
4. microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described linking agent is polyalcohols linking agent or 2-glycidyl ethers linking agent.
5. production method such as the described microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties of claim 1-4 any one, it is characterized in that: production stage is as follows:
Step 1, preparation high molecular polymer saponification liquor carries out partly-hydrolysed reaction with NaOH and high molecular polymer, the saponification deg control makes it form uniform saponification liquor in 50～90% scope, and temperature of reaction is: 50～85 ℃, reaction times is: 2～8 hours, reaction pressure was: normal pressure;
Step 2 mixes into uniform dispersion liquid with high molecular polymer saponification liquor, microbial inoculum, raw mineral materials, and the pH value of regulating dispersion liquid is 7.0 ± 0.2;
Step 3, in the dispersion liquid that step 2 is mixed into, 0.2～10% of the high molecular polymer saponification liquor weight for preparing by step 1 under the normal temperature adds linking agent, and abundant and dispersion liquid stirs;
Step 4 is sprayed at the dispersion liquid of step 3 on the sorbent material equably, stirs, and fully at normal temperatures naturally placement 1～3 day after the absorption obtains microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties.
6. the production method of microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties according to claim 5 is characterized in that: after the described step 4, will make pulvis or granule behind microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties drying, pulverizing, the sub-sieve.
7. according to claim 5 or the production method of 6 described microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties, it is characterized in that: in the described step 4, the weight ratio of dispersion liquid and sorbent material is 1:2～7.
8. the production method of microbe fertilizer microbial inoculum with high water absorbing and retaining properties according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described sorbent material is peat composed of rotten mosses powder or zeolite powder.
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| CN105481526A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-04-13 | 河北太易生物科技有限公司 | Composite microbial bacterium agent |
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