CN101857307A - Synchronous nitrogen and phosphorus removal process of integral bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane - Google Patents
Synchronous nitrogen and phosphorus removal process of integral bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a synchronous nitrogen and phosphorus-removal domestic sewage treatment process of an integral bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane. The solid-liquid separation effluent process is completed by a dynamic membrane module. The domestic sewage treatment process comprises the following steps: pumping sewage into a bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device, and carrying out biodegradation and removal on pollutants by utilizing a bio-enhancement activated carbon mixed liquor in the device; forming a dynamic membrane on the surface of the dynamic membrane module by the bio-enhancement activated carbon to carry out the solid-liquid separation of the mixed liquor; stirring raw water by a stirrer and sufficiently mixing the raw water with microorganisms in the reaction device of the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane assembly, staying for a period of time and then filtering and discharging water through the dynamic membrane, wherein dissolved oxygen in the mixed liquor is provided by the aeration of an air blower. The invention has simple process and can realize a synchronous nitrification-denitrification nitrogen removal process and a nitrification phosphorus removal process; the structure of the adopted dynamic membrane assembly is stainless steel silk screen and the like, and therefore, the domestic sewage treatment process has low cost and simple control; and the domestic sewage treatment process can rapidly and effectively remove substances in the water, such as organic matter, SS (suspended substances), nitrogen, phosphorus and the like under the condition of low temperature; the hydraulic retention time is short, and thereby, the volume of reaction structures is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical fields such as sanitary sewage organic matter removal, biological reinforced denitrogenation and denitrification dephosphorization, be specifically related to a kind of integral bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane synchronous denitrogen dephosphorus technology.
Background technology
Traditional biological denitrificaion theory thinks that nitration reaction takes place under aerobic conditions, and anti-nitration reaction is finished under anoxic or anaerobic condition.Existing sanitary sewage biological treatment is by the plug-flow reaction or divide the pond body, on room and time, realize replacing of anaerobism, anoxic and aerobic reaction pond, but have following shortcoming in the actual motion: (1) for satisfy nitrated, denitrification process normally carry out, sometimes need extra alkali or the organic carbon of adding, increase processing costs greatly.(2) a little less than the technology impact resistance, the nitrifying bacteria community value-added speed is slow and be difficult to keep higher biological concentration, causes system's total hrt longer, and organic loading is lower, has increased initial cost and working cost.(3) system must keep higher biological concentration and obtain good denitrification effect, must carry out mud backflow and Digestive system simultaneously and reflux, and has increased power consumption and working cost.
The investigator finds that in dissimilar reactors the non-assimilation of the total nitrogen under the aerobic conditions reduces phenomenon both at home and abroad, be synchronous nitration and denitrification (simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, be called for short SND), as oxidation ditch, sbr reactor device, blodisc, FBR, circulating aerating tower etc.SND compares with traditional biological denitrogenation theory has very big advantage, and it can realize nitrated, denitrification and de-carbon in same reactor, have the following advantages: (1) reduces the aeration demand, saves energy consumption; (2) basicity is consumed in the nitrifying process, and produces basicity in the denitrification process simultaneously, and synchronous nitration and denitrification can effectively keep the pH value in the reactor; (3), or reduce reactor volume at least because of can saving anoxic pond.
The system that realizes synchronous nitration and denitrification mainly contains active sludge and microbial film.In view of the low aeration SND denitrification process of activated sludge process occur as mud age in the reactor not high, the operating performance of length, sludge bulking, biological denitrificaion efficient be difficult to problems such as long-term stability, proposed the employing biomembrance process and carried out synchronous nitration and denitrification.
Denitrifying phosphorus removal technique is to use the denitrification phosphorus-collecting bacterium with denitrifying capacity to utilize nitrate to inhale phosphorus as electron acceptor(EA) under anoxia condition, finishes denitrogenation dephosphorizing synchronously.This method can be avoided the competition to organic carbon source of denitrifying bacteria and polyP bacteria, cut down the consumption of energy and reduce the dirty denitrification dephosphorization of residue denitrification denitrogenation and poly-phosphorus are attached to a reaction process, avoided traditional biological denitrogenation and dephosphorization competition to organic substrate, can save carbon source, can cut down the consumption of energy again, handle significant the denitrogenation dephosphorizing of low carbon source sewage.
Dynamic membrane is more special a kind of in the separatory membrane, utilizes that particulate matter plays the solid-liquid separation effect at the filter cake that the macropore supporting body surface forms in the mixed solution to be filtered.Utilize the crown_interception of Dynamic Membrane that the nitrobacteria of generation cycle length effectively is enriched in the reactor, improve nitrification efficiency greatly, guarantee the removal effect good, make its treatment effect be better than other membrane bioreactors ammonia nitrogen.Biomembranous strong crown_interception makes the higher sludge concentration of the interior maintenance of reactor to help creating the microenvironment that is suitable for synchronous nitration and denitrification and denitrification dephosphorization generation simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the integral bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane synchronous denitrogen dephosphorus technology that a kind of technology is simple, can effectively handle organism in the sanitary sewage, SS and have good denitrogenation dephosphorizing effect.
Pollutant removal of the present invention is mainly removed by mixed solution microbiological deterioration in the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane reaction unit, mixed solution solid-liquid separation exiting water process is finished by dynamic film component, sewage is pumped in the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device, utilize that the bio-enhancement activated carbon mixed solution carries out the biological degradation and the removal of pollution substance in this device; Bio-enhancement activated carbon forms Dynamic Membrane on the dynamic film component surface, carries out the solid-liquid separation of mixed solution; Former water stops certain hour after dynamic film component filters, water outlet by mixed solution thorough mixing in agitator stirring and the thing enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane assembly reaction unit; Dissolved oxygen is provided by the gas blower aeration in the mixed solution.
The integral bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device synchronous denitrification dephosphorizing domestic sewage treatment process that the present invention proposes, adopt the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device to dispose of sewage, stirrer 3 one ends insert in the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device 1, bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane assembly 4 is positioned at bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device 1 one sides, the bottom of bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device 1 is provided with aeration tube, aeration tube is positioned at bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane assembly 4 belows, aeration tube connects gas blower 6, bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device 1 one sides are connected with intake pump 2, opposite side is connected with out water pump 5, and goes out the rising pipe that water pump 5 links to each other and is positioned at bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane assembly 4 tops; Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) inoculation culture of bio-enhancement activated carbon
Selecting median size for use is that the Powdered Activated Carbon of 40-80 micron is as microbe carrier, adopt the microbial inoculant method for domesticating to cultivate biological activated carbon, seed sludge adopts the municipal wastewater treatment plant returned sluge, the MLSS of seed sludge is 5000mg/L, in the last week inoculation culture phase, add Powdered Activated Carbon every day continuously in the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device, make that the powder activity carbon content reaches 6000mg/L in the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device; The inoculation culture of bio-enhancement activated carbon is in the phase, water inlet, effluent adopting Continuous Flow operation scheme, and the control return current ratio of the mixed liquid is 200%, dissolved oxygen concentration is 0.40-0.80mg/L in the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device, hydraulic detention time 8-10 hour; Form Dynamic Membrane by seed sludge and the not cultured gac that begins to add on the dynamic film component surface, filter water outlet, finish the Dynamic Membrane precoating process of dynamic film component, the precoating time is 10-15 minute; After 20-30 days, MLSS maintains 9000-12000mg/L in the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device, and bio-enhancement activated carbon forms;
(2) bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device stable operation stage
Adopt the Continuous Flow operation scheme, water inlet is degraded by the bio-enhancement activated carbon mixed solution of intake pump elder generation in the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device, control bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device dissolved oxygen concentration is 0.40-0.80mg/L, hydraulic detention time 8-10h; Sludge retention time is 20 days; Calculate the Powdered Activated Carbon weight that needs replenish according to material balance;
(3) solid-liquid separation
The mixed solution of step (2) filters water outlet through dynamic film component, and the unit membrane area flux of control dynamic film component is 50-200L/m
2.h, when surpassing 40KPa, dynamic film component is carried out back flushing by water sucking mouth monitoring suction negative pressure value.
Among the present invention, dynamic film component adopts stainless (steel) wire or nylon wire as the dynamic support body, and the supporter assembly is plate or tubular type, and the aperture of stainless (steel) wire or nylon wire is the 75-80 micron.
Among the present invention, back flushing described in the step (3) selects for use gas blower to carry out online air back flushing, and the time is 2-5 minute.
Among the present invention, the quantity of described dynamic film component is determined on a case-by-case basis.
Among the present invention, the precoating stage of dynamic film component is actually bio-enhancement activated carbon mixed solution suction working cycle, loop back in precoating stage timing acquiring that the water filling sample is measured and analyze SS, precoating is finished when water outlet SS can not detect, and the whole precoating stage continues 10-15 minute.
Among the present invention, pollutant removal relies on the crown_interception that separates of charcoal absorption effect, bio-enhancement activated carbon microbiological deterioration and Dynamic Membrane in the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device sanitary sewage.Gac by improving concentration of activated carbon, can improve content of microorganisms in the mixed solution as microorganism carrier.Gac has porousness, and specific surface area is big, can provide good adhesion interface and microenvironment for microorganism, promotes microorganism growth, improves microorganism active and to the removal effect of organic pollutant, nitrogen and phosphorus.At 0.40-0.80mg/L, realize synchronous nitration and denitrification process in the bio-enhancement activated carbon mixed solution by dissolved oxygen concentration in the controlling reactor, reach effective removal of nitrogen; Device running environment is beneficial to the breeding of denitrification phosphorus-collecting bacterium, utilizes nitrate to absorb phosphorus for electron acceptor(EA), realizes denitrogenation and dephosphorization.
Dynamic film component of the present invention adopts bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane to carry out the mixed solution solid-liquid separation, selects stainless (steel) wire or nylon wire as the dynamic film component supporter.The supporter element shapes can be plate, tubular type etc.Dynamic film component adopts submerged to install.Dynamic film component filters and adopts constant effluent flux operation, unit membrane area flux 50-200L/m
2And the upwards leeway of fluctuation of the water yield in the actual motion arranged .h.When the dynamic film component transmembrane pressure rose to 40kPa, the operation phase finished, and enters the air blast on-line cleaning stage.Adopt 9.8-49kPa pressure air blast on-line cleaning, carry out gas blower by the outlet conduit air feed from the dynamic film component inner counter to cleaning 2-5min.
Among the present invention, the dynamic film component sepn process moves continuously, needs each membrane process unit to adopt many cover dynamic film component combined runnings, wherein always has a cover dynamic film component to be in the on-line cleaning state, a few in addition cover Dynamic Membrane are in running status, guarantee that the total system aquifer yield is stable.
Among the present invention, effluent quality after testing, COD is 20-40mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is lower than 5mg/L, total nitrogen is 10-15mg/L, water outlet SS can not detect, turbidity is 0.3-0.6NTU, reaches urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission one-level A standard (GB18918-2002); The water inlet total phosphorus concentration is lower than 2.5mg/L, and water outlet is lower than 0.5mg/L, reaches urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission one-level A standard (GB18918-2002); The water inlet total phosphorus concentration is higher than 2.5mg/L, and water outlet is lower than 1mg/L, reaches urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission one-level B standard (GB18918-2002).
Compare the outstanding feature of present method with traditional technology:
(1) total system only is made of a device, in conjunction with the Dynamic Membrane solid-liquid separation technique, but simple, the compact automatic controlling level height of system.
(2) add powder activated carbon (median size is the 40-80 micron) in the reactor and form the bio-enhancement activated carbon mixed solution, can greatly improve microbial biomass and microorganism active, make reactor good effect of removing be arranged organic pollutant.
(3) because the crown_interception and the gac porousness of dynamic film component, and dissolved oxygen is at 0.40-0.80mg/L in the control mixed solution, and reactor can be realized synchronous nitration denitrification denitrogenation process and denitrification nitrogen and phosphorus removal.
(4) dynamic membrane support bodies such as the Stainless Steel Cloth of employing aperture 75-80 micron or nylon wire form dynamic film component and carry out solid-liquid separation.Have the porousness characteristics owing to add gac, make the dynamic film component filtration flux can reach 50-200L/m
2.h, the cycle of operation is more than 10h.
(5) operational process need not carry out any matting except that normal aeration and air back flushing.Simplify procedures and reduce energy consumption and working cost.The present invention is applicable to each city domestic sewage treatment plant, is particularly useful for samll cities and towns and rural decentralized wastewater treatment plant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is embodiment 1 a device synoptic diagram.
Number in the figure: 1 is the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device; 2 is intake pump; 3 is stirrer; 4 is dynamic film component; 5 for going out water pump; 6 is gas blower.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The Powdered Activated Carbon physico-chemical property such as the table 1 that adopt in the implementation process.Seed sludge (MLSS is 5000mg/L) and experiment are all taken from the municipal sewage plant, Shanghai with raw waste water (water quality sees Table 2).
Table 1 Powdered Activated Carbon physical index
| Iodine number | ??＞900mg/g | The methylene blue adsorptive value | ??≥120mg/g |
| Specific surface area | ??＞1000m 2/g | Moisture | ??≤8％ |
| PH value | ??5-7 | Diameter (micron) | ??40-80 |
Table 2 raw water quality
| ??COD Cr(mg/L) | ?150-350 | ??NH 4-N(mg/L) | ??20-30 |
| ??TN(mg/L) | ?20-40 | ??SS(mg/L) | ??30-380 |
| ??TP(mg/L) | ??1.5-4.5 | ??pH | ??6.5-7.5 |
(1) bio-enhancement activated carbon is cultivated
The unloading phase of device, the Powdered Activated Carbon that adds median size and be the 40-80 micron in reactor is as microbe carrier.Adopt the microbial inoculant method for domesticating to cultivate biological activated carbon, seed sludge (MLSS is 5000mg/L) adopts the municipal wastewater treatment plant returned sluge.In the last week inoculation culture phase, on average add gac every day continuously, makes that gac content reaches 6000mg/L in the reactor.The inoculation culture of bio-enhancement activated carbon adopts the Continuous Flow operation scheme in the phase, filters water outlet by seed sludge and the not cultured gac formation dynamic film component that begins to add.Install dissolved oxygen at 0.40-0.80mg/L, hydraulic detention time 10h.Reactor water inlet, water outlet numerical control variable frequency adjustment by variable frequency pump, be furnished with the magnetic flow meter of 4-20mA current output signal, with the frequency transformer of pump motor power match, comprise the controlling box of electrical elements such as programmable controller and according to the control software of said process parameter establishment, form the self-control implementation system, realize automatic operating.In device one side the rod-type stirrer is installed, is made mixed solution keep good suspended state.After 3 week, MLSS maintains 9000-12000mg/L in the reactor, and bio-enhancement activated carbon forms.It is 200% that this process is kept return current ratio of the mixed liquid, does not carry out spoil disposal.
(2) device steady running
After startup was finished, reactor entered stable operation stage.This stage is adopted the Continuous Flow operation scheme, and water inlet elder generation bio-enhancement activated carbon mixed solution in device is degraded, and forms dynamic film component through bio-enhancement activated carbon in supporting body surface afterwards and filters water outlet.Install dissolved oxygen at 0.40-0.80mg/L, hydraulic detention time 8-10h.
Discharge a certain amount of mixed solution every day from reactor, sludge retention time is maintained about 20d, and calculate the weight of the additional Powdered Activated Carbon of needs according to material balance.
(3) dynamic film component solid-liquid separation
Device all adopts the dynamic film component filtering technique to carry out solid-liquid separation starting and stable operation stage.Select the 75 microns stainless (steel) wires in aperture as the dynamic film component supporter, the supporter assembly is plate.Dynamic film component adopts submerged to install.The dynamic film component operation comprises precoating, filtration and back flushing three phases.Adopt the adjustable water saving pump of numerical control frequency conversion flow to aspirate direct pump around circuit mode, can form dynamic film component in screen surface.From the direct loop start of suction water pump, stop to refluxing, (going out water quality standard is that suspended solids can not detect to be converted to limpid water outlet; Or turbidity≤0.5NTU), this process is called as the dynamic film component precoating stage (10-15min).Afterwards, switch to the operation phase by sequence of control.Adopt constant effluent flux operation, the pressure monitor sensor suction negative pressure value of installing by the pump sump mouth is no more than 40kPa, unit membrane area flux 50-200L/m
2.h.
Operation phase enters the air blast on-line cleaning stage after finishing.Adopt 9.8-49kPa pressure air blast on-line cleaning, carry out gas blower by the outlet conduit air feed from the dynamic film component inner counter to cleaning 2-5min.
The dynamic film component sepn process moves continuously, adopts 3 cover dynamic film component combined runnings, wherein always has a cover dynamic film component to be in the on-line cleaning state, and other 2 cover dynamic film components are in running status, guarantee that the total system aquifer yield is stable.
Claims (3)
1. integral bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane synchronous denitrification dephosphorizing domestic sewage treatment process, it is characterized in that adopting the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device to dispose of sewage, stirrer (3) one ends insert in the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device (1), bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane assembly (4) is positioned at bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device (1) one side, the bottom of bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device (1) is provided with aeration tube, aeration tube is positioned at bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane assembly (4) below, aeration tube connects gas blower (6), bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device (1) one side is connected with intake pump (2), opposite side is connected with out water pump (5), and goes out the rising pipe that water pump (5) links to each other and is positioned at bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane assembly (4) top; Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) inoculation culture of bio-enhancement activated carbon
Selecting median size for use is that the Powdered Activated Carbon of 40-80 micron is as microbe carrier, adopt the microbial inoculant method for domesticating to cultivate bio-enhancement activated carbon, seed sludge adopts the municipal wastewater treatment plant returned sluge, the MLSS of seed sludge is 5000mg/L, in the last week inoculation culture phase, add Powdered Activated Carbon every day continuously in the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device, make that the powder activity carbon content reaches 6000mg/L in the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device; The inoculation culture of bio-enhancement activated carbon is in the phase, water inlet, effluent adopting Continuous Flow operation scheme, and the control return current ratio of the mixed liquid is 200%, dissolved oxygen concentration is 0.40-0.80mg/L in the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device, hydraulic detention time 8-10 hour; Form Dynamic Membrane by seed sludge and the not cultured gac that begins to add on the dynamic film component surface, filter water outlet, finish the Dynamic Membrane precoating process of dynamic film component, the precoating time is 10-15 minute; After 20-30 days, MLSS maintains 9000-12000mg/L in the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device, and bio-enhancement activated carbon forms;
(2) bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device stable operation stage
Adopt the Continuous Flow operation scheme, water inlet is degraded by the bio-enhancement activated carbon mixed solution of intake pump elder generation in the bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device, control bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device dissolved oxygen concentration is 0.40-0.80mg/L, hydraulic detention time 8-10h; Sludge retention time is 20 days; Calculate the Powdered Activated Carbon weight that needs replenish according to material balance;
(3) solid-liquid separation
The mixed solution of step (2) filters water outlet through dynamic film component, and the unit membrane area flux of control dynamic film component is 50-200L/m
2.h, when surpassing 40KPa, dynamic film component is carried out back flushing by water sucking mouth monitoring suction negative pressure value.
2. integral bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device synchronous denitrification dephosphorizing domestic sewage treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that dynamic film component adopts stainless (steel) wire or nylon wire as the dynamic support body, the support assembly is plate or tubular type, and the aperture of stainless (steel) wire or nylon wire is the 75-80 micron.
3. integral bio-enhancement activated carbon dynamic membrane device synchronous denitrification dephosphorizing domestic sewage treatment process according to claim 1 is characterized in that back flushing described in the step (3) selects for use gas blower to carry out online air back flushing, and the time is 2-5 minute.
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| CN102616986A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-08-01 | 同济大学 | Dynamic membrane automatic water flow-out solid-liquid separation method applicable to domestic sewage treatment |
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| CN103833184A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-06-04 | 河海大学 | Paddy field recession water purification device placed in ridge of field |
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