CN101851044B - Apparatus and process for biological wastewater treatment - Google Patents

Apparatus and process for biological wastewater treatment Download PDF

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CN101851044B
CN101851044B CN2010101366040A CN201010136604A CN101851044B CN 101851044 B CN101851044 B CN 101851044B CN 2010101366040 A CN2010101366040 A CN 2010101366040A CN 201010136604 A CN201010136604 A CN 201010136604A CN 101851044 B CN101851044 B CN 101851044B
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algae
media wheel
waste water
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groove
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CN101851044A (en
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C·A·林卡可
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/33—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using wind energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

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  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

A self-sustaining wastewater treatment facility abates greenhouse gas abatement, captures CO2 and produces biomass to address multiple critical environmental needs. The facility includes an array of rotating media wheels that create an optimum ordered mixing of algae for sustained growth. Biomass harvested from the rotating media wheels may be provided to other processing facilities to produce, for instance, bio-fuels. Waste CO2 from the processing facility may also be returned to the treatment system for enhanced algae growth. Bacteria are provided to form a symbiotic relationship with the algae, fueled by sunlight to effectively remove toxic materials from the wastewater. The multi-functional facility may also be integrated into a regenerative facility in which the biomass obtained from the algal and bacterial colonies is used in a separate facility and byproducts of the operation of the separate facility are used by the multi-functional facility to fuel further algal growth.

Description

The apparatus and method that are used for biological wastewater treatment
Technical field
The present invention is provided for the multi-functional apparatus and method of biological wastewater treatment.The application is that the patent application serial numbers of submitting on December 17th, 2007 is 11/957; 648, be entitled as " being used for biological wastewater treatment and the system and method that utilizes sub product wherein " application the part continuity and require its right of priority; The application of this back is that the patent application serial numbers of submitting on September 17th, 2007 is 11/856; The part continuity of 175 application also requires its right of priority, the application of this back to require the right of priority of the 60/845th, No. 490 temporary patent application of submission on September 18th, 2006.
Background technology
WWT begins from the big city, and wastewater treatment grows up significantly.The environment protection regulations required before being discharged into public water route handling from the ejecta of waste water producer.Existing treatment process satisfies these regulations, but these methods produce significant GHG, and is complicated, costliness and energy-intensive.Lower and when having nothing to do with gas injection and wait changing when energy cost, be developed based on the treatment process of bacterium.Obviously that is not the situation of today.Two subject matters of current wastewater processing technology are their big energy consumptions and big carbon footprint (carbon footprint).According to U.S. EPA. report, waste water treatment plant (WWTP) accounts for 3% of whole U.S. electricity demand, and produces 3.4% of all GHG dischargings of the U.S..
Be used for two kinds of wastewater treatment the most widely method be activated sludge and biofilm system.The 16000 tame WWTP of surpassing are arranged in operation in the U.S., wherein 6800 families are activated sludge municipal sewage, and this requires every processing per 1,000,000 gallons (MG) to need 1.3-2.5MWh's.In the U.S. 2500 urban biology film systems of surpassing are arranged, it needs the every MG of 0.8-1.8MWh.Except activated sludge and biofilm system, 5100 pool type Waste Water Treatments of surpassing are arranged in the U.S..The energy requirement that is used for the pond system is typically lower, is the every MG of 0.4-1.4MWh, but the system of these types can not satisfy current direct emissions regulations requirement.The pond system also needs a large amount of soils and has big carbon footprint because they in basin bottom owing to anaerobic digestion produces methane.For this reason, some administrations will no longer allow the existence of the system of these types at all.Administration also will require in most city WWTP, to remove nitrogen and phosphorus soon.For activated sludge and biofilm system, removing of nitrogen and phosphorus is very difficult to realization, and will increase the cost of capital of WWTP significantly, and increases their energy expenditure and GHG discharging.
The treatment stage that traditional wastewater treatment relating to three, being called elementary, the second stage and the third stage and handling, is sludge treatment then.Elementary, paper, plastics and big solid objects are separated from waste water stream through thick or meticulous mechanical or artificial cleaning screen.Other solid, grease and scum silica frost remove through adopting primary clarifier or being designed for the mechanical filter of replacing primary clarifier.
In traditional second stage, organic materials adopt inherent wherein aquatic and mainly non-phototrophic bacteria digest.Second stage treatment system is categorized as microbial film or suspension growth usually.The microbial film treatment process comprises trickling filter and biological rotating contactor (RBC), and wherein organism is created on the medium, and sewage is through its surface.Algae or phototrophic bacteria because mechanical problem and obstruction, biofilm system can not be grown effectively.RBC typically is capped preventing and is exposed to together under the daylight with trickling filter, said trickling filter roughly how much vertical, have only very little surface area exposure under daylight.In--for example activated sludge and thin-film bioreactor (MBR)--, compared with the biofilm system of handling the identical water yield, organism mixes with sewage well, and system can move in less space in the suspension growth system.Yet as biofilm system, suspension growth system can not grow algae or phototrophic bacteria because maintain high bacterial concentration in the system, think that typically mixed liquor suspended solid, MLSS (MLSS) concentrates.
In traditional WWTP, through being called another processing based on bacterium of nitrification, ammonia is converted into nitrate salt.This process can combine to carry out in " stage of separating nitrated " process or with second stage treating processes.
Before being discharged into water body, treated water finally adopts cholorination or UV sterilization.The accumulation of sludge that from wastewater treatment, produces is in the sludge treatment groove, and it is decomposed by aerobic or Anaerobic processes there.After the digestion, sludge dewatering, drying are also hauled the landfill waste site or the land of using.The mud of in traditional WWTPs, handling and be rich in energy, it is stable with mud to need chemical substance to dewater, and adopts fossil oil to handle, and transports mud to do ultimate disposal.This mud no matter whether be transported to the landfill waste site or the land of application, all is converted into greenhouse gases through bacterium.The mud that is applied to land also produces public health harm through the dregs and the drug contamination of food crops.Several states are just promoting the practice that human feces is used in the total ban land with country.
Second critical environmental need be to reduce the carbon footprint, itself and traditional wastewater treatment process and to CO 2The CO of producer 2Catch relevant.Biological wastewater treatment that all are traditional and mud digestion process convert the organic and inorganic component in the waste water into greenhouse gases.Traditional WWTP converts a kind of pollution of form into that another kind of form--solid is converted into gas simply.The second stage treating processes of conversion produces CO2 gas from bacterial respiratory.Traditional third stage is handled and from nitrifying process, generates oxynitride (N 2O), a kind of CO that compares 2Strong 310 times GHG (Kyoto Protocol).The mud digestion process generates methane (CH 4), a kind of CO that compares 2Strong 21 times GHG (Kyoto Protocol).
The current isolated idea of carbon that is used for comprises carbonic acid gas is pumped into underground and is trapped in algae systems.Pumping CO 2Be energy requirement to subterranean subject matter, this makes this method unrealistic in implementing.Another problem is a risk of emitting gas to escape from the surface.Exist to have the case of supporting documents, natural generation from the underground CO that escapes into ground 2Gas kills all humans and animals in the neighborhood.With CO 2Pump into underground as our refuse is poured in the ocean.For the consequence that such action possibly cause in the future, we are unknown.
It also is unpractical isolating carbon via the system based on algae.The most effective algae throughput rate is the algae of every acre of annual 50-100 ton in the current multiple algae production technology of just testing.
Algae contains about 50% carbon as you know, adopts about 1.9 pounds CO for per 1.0 pounds algae 2Produce.What also know is that 1.0 pounds coal typically generates about 2.7 pounds CO 2Therefore, need 1.42 pounds algae to remove to isolate the CO of 1.0 pounds coal combustion generation according to calculatings 2Adopt the highest above-mentioned algae productivity, also can calculate 1.0 acres of algae and produce the CO that system can isolate 70.4 tons of coals generations every year 2According to the report of U.S. energy information management office, current American expends 11.29 hundred million tons of coals every year.In order to isolate the CO that these coals produce 2, need 16.03 hundred million tons algae, and then need the land of 1,600 ten thousand acres or 25,000 square mile, perhaps equal the area in whole state, Virginia roughly.
Another critical environmental need provide economical and reliable biomass production system.Can be used as the charging of production of renewable energy resources, chemical fertilizer and other useful products by the biomass of system's generation.The demand of renewable energy source has been become eager especially and become the theme of common concern.For example, the energy (G&O) based on fossil oil is considered to limited.Although about definitely what kind of limited be that the arguement of " limited " is continuous, many evidences propose that global petroleum production will culminate in 2010 front and back, and fuel feeding will finish in 2035 the earliest, and can be above 2060.Yet there is no doubt that fossil oil will exhaust.
Consciousness for fossil oil limited life has advanced a large amount of research and development for renewable energy source.Substitute energy has been devoted in many researchs, for example sun power, wind energy and bioenergy.Yet these substitute energys can not be produced electricity by cost effectively and reliably, can not just look at the short-term ability with the needs that satisfy oil fuel, for example gasoline and diesel oil.The research of the eighties concentrates on gasoline and the diesel oil of development based on renewable resources, for example based on the ethanol and the biofuel of corn.Most of biofuel are based on five cereals, and such as soybean, this needs lot of energy to be used for growth and results.In addition, five cereals itself must be devoted to the production of biofuel.
From 1980 to 1996 researchs by USDOE's guidance are asserted algae in the source of biofuel.Biofuel can be produced through the digestion algae, obtains methane or hydrogen fuel, and lipoid are extracted out and are used for biofuel, and distillation is used for ethanol.Except the advantage as the biofuel forerunner, algae has been developed the application that is used for other, organic fertilizer for example, and it can be used as the surrogate through the chemical fertilizer of gas production.
Biofuel by USDOE (DOE) to start with in the part of 1978 " water biological species program (AquaticSpecies Program) " investigation.Subsidy to this program finished in nineteen ninety-five, but impelled DOE to restart this program for the worry of non-renewable fossil oil, seemed that unlimited and reproducible source is more and more interested because it is used for biofuel.The method of DOE is to produce discarded CO 2Factory near make algae pond or " runway ".Depleted CO 2With other nutrition be injected into around the pond of track shape around water in.The algae that in recirculated water, grows is with CO 2Be food.Algae shifts from the pond through further handling with as biofuel at last.Like this, the focus of DOE concern has been placed on through the depleted CO of regeneration from factory or fuel-burning power plant 2For creating growing environment in the algae artificially.Certainly, important restriction of this technology is that it is tied in depleted CO 2The source.Another is unfavorable to be that the big runway pond of the technical requirements of this proposal and a large amount of soils of ultimate demand receive depleted CO to support competent algae 2, and the algae that produces meaningful amount is to be used for the production of biofuel.Because algae is exposed under the daylight for the requirement of growing, the pond must be shallow, this means that the surface-area in pond must be very greatly to support algae colony.Large-sized pond means that also useful " season " is subject to specific place and weather because of solidifying of pond.
Do not have the algae production system can replace traditional extended aeration system on the our times and obtain identical processing horizontal.Some algae production systems have been provided on the WWTP ejecta, but it provides interests seldom to the factory owner of treatment plant, because waste water cleans.In fact, it has caused main responsibility and risk to the factory owner because in the algae production system of particular type algae solid potential recontaminate.The algae pond of two-forty has been used to wastewater treatment, but the pond system can not satisfy the emission request of current regulations, and than the WWTP of machinery, needs very a large amount of land.We are based on such fact for the reason that current algae production system can not be used for dispose of wastewater: algae can not use organic carbon as carbon source.Carbon in the waste water is in the organic carbon form when getting into WWTP, this is for being useless the algae of this point in essence.Organic carbon must at first change CO through bacterium into through respiration 2Current algae production system lacks the Biomedia composition with thinking that the required bacterium of this conversion is taken place provides growth pattern.
Another problem for growth algae in the pond of any kind is to have only the algae at about 1/4 inch at water top to receive competent solar radiation.Like this, the limited ability of pond growth algae is in its surface-area, but not its volume.
Algae produces essential oxygen for the aerobic bacterial growth, and bacterium produces the needed CO of algal grown 2Importing for only outside of this symbiotic relationship feed is daylight.This strategy at first successfully is applied to open laggon and wetland treatment facility.These systems have tangible restriction, for example interval, land, geography and topography, water clarity or the like.In addition, the laggon system is easy to algal tufa, and this will transfinite and block said system.These restrictions cause the development at the seventies algae runway.The algae runway is tank in essence, and wherein when being exposed to daylight following time, Fu Yangshui allows to move.The algae bio body that generates is through the mechanism results.Important unfavorable of algae runway is that it requires big surface-area to be used for being exposed under the daylight fully.In addition, runway requires the shallow water water level working, this volume that has limited the waste water that can handle through any special runway facilities inherently with flow.Pond and runway system also have a problem by animal and insect predation.The larva of some insects leans on algae to be food, and almost can exhaust whole algae output overnight.
The closed loop bio-reactor has been developed and has been used for algae production.The closed loop bio-reactor typically is the material of lucite pipe, plastics bag, plastics film, resin, glass or any permission light penetration.The advantage that the closed loop bio-reactor is proposed is that this system allows that algae and growth conditions are had more control, because it is not opened to environment.A shortcoming of closed loop bio-reactor is that when algae increased in container, distribution of light had entirely descended uniformly, because light has been absorbed by algae.Outermost algae obtains too many light in the reactor drum, and the algae of internal layer can not obtain competent light.Algae also produces organic cpds, the ability that it covers closed bio-reactor and reduces the light penetration bio-reactor at leisure.The biological respinse modulator material must or clean or replacement, and this has increased work and replacement cost.
The bio-reactor of the closure of current proposal can not use with the vacuum fan of typically finding in the coal works, because the depth of water of reactor drum, it is got with pump for gas blower has generated too high pressure head.In the closed loop bio-reactor, also having another problem is gas build.Because reactor drum is closed fully, CO 2Be compressed in the growth container, gas concentration can be established to the deleterious level of algae, and that is disadvantageous to equipment.Another problem of closed loop bio-reactor is to move water through system, the required energy fluence of especially axial algal grown system.Pump water surpasses the energy that is obtained through algae production through the quantity of the required energy of system.This with question essence that ethanol factory meets with on the same, need expend energy more energy than production.The accumulation of heat is another problem of closed loop bio-reactor.Finally, the traditional wastewater treatment process of closed loop bio-reactor replacement is fragile.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves these challenges in wastewater treatment, GHG discharging minimizing and algae and the biomass production.
The present invention satisfies multiple critical environmental needs, the minimizing of the greenhouse gases (GHG) that comprise that the efficiency of waste water is handled, produced by traditional wastewater treatment process, to from CO 2Producer (CO 2Generators) CO 2Biomass production and other application of catching and be used for renewable energy source, chemical fertilizer, fodder additives, biological plastics, makeup, medicine, fabric, biofuel.
A major objective of the present invention is to provide multi-functional equipment, and it can be used in processing waste water, reduces the greenhouse gases from wastewater treatment, captures from CO 2The CO of producer 2, and produce valuable organism and be used for energy generation and other application.Individual equipment is used for producing from wastewater treatment the sale of income source, carbon credit and organism/biofuel.This invention provides the important advantage above other renewable energy systems, for example wind energy, sun power and other biological system, because organism/energy of being produced by this system is the sub product of wastewater treatment process.
As Waste Water Treatment, a target of the present invention is the transfer that supplies a pattern like this, makes wastewater treatment to reach.Spirit current in wastewater treatment is " using the energy place to go to put waste water ".Generator of the present invention is with " using waste water to generate energy ".According to a characteristic of the present invention, this Waste Water Treatment is around the production of algae bio body, and the nutrition source that it adopts various many water includes but not limited to agricultural, industry, municipal administration and other wastewater sources.The algae bio solid by-product is provided for producing the raw material of biofuel, chemical fertilizer and animal feedstuff additive then.
Current Waste Water Treatment uses bacterial treatment waste water.Bacterium needs a large amount of oxygen to be used for breathing, digesting and decompose the organic and mineral compound of waste water.All energy that are used to drive this process provide through electric power blower, water pump and/or mechanical aerator.The present invention adopts algae to provide great majority to handle required oxygen through photosynthesis, and this has reduced to provide significantly handles required external energy.
Further target is the solid that utilizes in bacterium consumption and the digestion waste water, typically thinks the destruction of volatile solid.Because said solid is a kind of energy, and system formerly utilizes energy to remove to damage solid, in these system natures formerly " using energy " to damage energy.Study of Water Environment fund (WERF) points out that the energy that waste water comprises has more 10 times than handling its required energy.The present invention not only keeps the vitality (viability) of the energy of waste water, also creates extra energy through biomass production, and this production utilizes sun power to obtain by algae and phototrophic bacteria through photosynthesis.
The quantity of the organism (mud) that traditional method for biologically treating wastewater produces is the positive function that gets into the organic composition of factory, because it is photosynthetic to be used for the bacterium right and wrong of these methods, and only utilizes organic carbon.Traditional WWTP can not produce than the more organism that can from this organic materials, produce.Traditional wastewater treatment process is an energy-intensive like this, so that the mud that produces can not create energy with operation factory, thus current after leaving grid, waste water treatment plant, can not realize spontaneous.Yet the present invention provides the ability of producing competent organism, not only moving factory, and produces unnecessary organism and is used for the factory outside.This realizes with growth algae and phototrophic bacteria through utilize sun power via photosynthesis, and because through algae, is used for the required energy of oxidized waste water and significantly reduces.
Key character of the present invention is the ability of oxidized waste water in the very shallow depth of water, and this is owing to combined the ability of algae oxidizing water and the rotation that algae media wheel precession waste water also therefrom comes out.Some embodiment according to the present invention, common WD approximately is 15 inches in the medium race.On the other hand, traditional waste water treatment plant based on bacterium requires the bigger depth of water to obtain identical oxidation level, because they utilize air diffuser, this needs dark groove to carry out effective oxygen transmission.For example: the typical depth of water is 15 feet in the activated sludge aerator tank.This produces big working head on blower, thereby needs to adopt the whizzer or the positive displacement blower of energy-intensive.Traditional aerator tank also is dark, and causes breakneck working conditions.The present invention provides shallow WD, and this has got rid of dangerous working conditions.
In one embodiment, system's input is the waste water that comprises biology and other wastes that obtains through various sources.System of the present invention expection makes in the variable-displacement waste water entering system, for example possibly appear in municipal administration, agricultural and the Industrial Wastewater Treatment factory.The first step in process of the present invention, raw wastewater are mechanically filtered to remove solid, for example plastics, chip and big solid matter, and they can be handled in a conventional manner, for example send to the landfill, perhaps can add in the organism of generation.
When raw wastewater arrived WWTP, the Energy value of organic cpds was in its highest level.Organic cpds or VSS (VSS) in fact reduce and have destroyed the energy potentiality of waste water through the biolysis of traditional treatment method.Operation factory required energy also is the positive function of quantity that sends to the organic cpds of treating processes.In addition, algae can not utilize organic carbon, and this organic carbon is carbon residing form when getting into WWTP.It must at first change CO through bacterium into through respiration 2This needs extra energy.Therefore, favourable, before biological treatment, from waste water as much as possible remove organic materials, be used to handle the energy requirement of organic carbon to preserve Energy value and minimizing equipment.Traditional primary clarifier can be used for reducing suspended solids (TSS) total in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and the raw wastewater, reduces 30% and 70% separately.Traditional primary clarifier method can also be improved through chemically improving primary treatment (CEPT).Adopt CEPT, BOD and TSS remove ratio and can bring up to 57% and 85% respectively.The mechanical seepage flow unit that specially designed is used to replace primary clarifier also can be used to remove the organic cpds that is in factory's head, if land is problem at interval.
The primary clarifier ejecta flows to elementary algae media wheel then.The waste water that gets into elementary media wheel is the aqueous solution of nutrient, and it promotes bacterium and algae grows.Each media wheel has the inside Biomedia that is designed for non-phototrophic bacteria growth and is exposed to the outside surface under the daylight, and this daylight is supported algae and phototrophic bacteria.Like this, an aspect of system according to the invention and method, this is loaded with the inside Biomedia of the waste water of nutrient through media wheel, and this waste water is prone to accept different bacterial species, makes it utilize appropriate environments and effective nutritive ingredient.Bacterium carries out various biological treatments, perhaps nutrient is sucked in the organism, perhaps changes into nutrient the form of less environmental toxicity.Through the promoted a kind of biological respinse of the bacterium in the media wheel Biomedia be:
(CH 2O)x+O 2→CO 2+H 2O
Wherein, (CH 2O) x representes the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) via the organic substance of wastewater source introducing.
In one embodiment, elementary media wheel comprises the turning wheel structure, and it is provided for the surface of algae and phototrophic bacteria bacterium colony.This rotating media wheel system has promoted the following biological respinse that takes place through photosynthesis:
CO 2+ 2H 2O+ sun power → (CH 2O) x+O 2+ H 2O
Wherein, (CH 2O) x representes to be fixed on the organic substance in the algae bio body.System of the present invention is a capital with the useful commensalism between algae and bacterium, has consequently formed the method with low cost of producing organism.Bacterium relies on the O that is produced by algae 2Existence, and algae relies on the CO that is produced by bacterium 2Existence.The growth in elementary media wheel of bacterium and algae colony causes from the minimizing of the BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) of waste water source and the minimizing of suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorous thing and other nutrients.Because algae utilizes sun power in its photosynthetic absorption to nutrient, the rotating media of native system wheel has a mind to be exposed under the daylight, should the free energy to utilize.Clean effect is to be effective environmental for producing bacterium and algae bio body, and this does not have discovery in the system that other are used for handling waste water.
The ejecta of elementary media wheel is sent to second stage settling pond then and is used for removing the organism that produces in elementary media wheel.The ejecta of second stage settling pond is sent to the separately second stage media wheel system in stage then, is used for the minimizing of further wastewater treatment, GHG and carbon is captured and biomass production.
This second stage media wheel can be identical with foregoing elementary media wheel.Yet waste water must be handled in two media wheel processes of clearly separating, to realize satisfying the wastewater treatment of wanting of specified requirement.
With the same, discharge the water of second stage media wheel thereby comprise the algae and the bacterial solids (organism) of certain percentage in elementary media wheel.Then, organism adopts traditional third stage settling pond from treated water, to isolate.Clarifying then discharge water can be sterilized and directly be discharged into and received in the current, is applied to adjacent soil or is used in other purposes again according to the requirement of regulations.
Rotating media wheel has fin and is used to catch air rotating this media wheel, and provides the surface-area of increase to be used for the extra algae and the growth of phototrophic bacteria.Geometric shape that media wheel is total and fin can provide total algal grown surface-area, and it exceeds 7.6 times than this two-dimentional footprint of taking turns.This media wheel is through injecting air to rotating in the hole that is arranged in the blast main below each media wheel from blower.Utilize to inject air actuation rotating media schedule except needs to mechanical driving mechanism, the latter have when organism accumulates on the rotating media wheel surface, cause losing efficacy maybe.The rotating speed of media wheel is regulated according to the depth of water in each media wheel compartment.Especially, rotating speed is controlled to be suppressed and orderly mixing is provided with the light that prevents algae, and wherein algae is exposed to high photon flux density (PFD) and circulates with low PFD or dark alternation.The air that injects also is used to add O 2In the aqueous solution, this use for the biological processes of bacterium in groove and algae community is essential.In addition, the turbulent flow that is produced at groove by the air that injects causes and is loaded with that the solid algae is able to break away from and ingoing stream passes through system.Carry algae particle and any solid of being collected by algae freely through the even flow of system, flowing to the exit end of system.
Blower is used for rotating media wheel, and air distribution pipe grid is designed for to transmit equably with air distribution and arrives each media wheel.This makes the present invention bring important advantage with respect to other algae production systems, because CO 2Exhaust can be effectively and is distributed to equably across the regional algae of whole growth.It also allows used heat along with CO 2Be sent to whole algae/bacterium production system equably, to heat the waste water and the air of cold climates medium temperature chamber the inside best.In addition, the depth of water in the groove of media wheel maintains 15 inches.This shallow water depth allows to adopt regenerated blower (regenerative blower), and this energy that needs much less than whizzer and positive displacement blower is to move.The air transfer equipment that this shallow water depth also allows typically to be used for the coal seam plant also is used to transmit air to the media wheel system.
Another object of the present invention is to provide method of wastewater treatment and the device that to produce the organism that is easy in a large number to dewater.Of the present invention also have one aspect in, in fact institute's by-product of this ecology and bioremediation is used for other processing.For example, in one aspect, because the growth on the rotating media wheel of algae and bacterium, algae and bacterial colony are removed from the rotating media wheel.Effective removal of the algae of loading solid and bacterial colony is to accomplish automatically through air and current across the media wheel growth surface.Organism is deposited on the bottom of the second stage and third stage settling pond.This organism can be removed from settling pond further to be treated to biofuel, chemical fertilizer or the like then.
Organism based on algae can also be used for renewable energy system.The organism that obtains from whole factory can dry and thermal treatment, a part of handling as generating.The thermal treatment of most of kinds can be adopted algae bio, comprises direct burning, gasification and pyrolytic decomposition.Heat treated sub product is such as ash and CO 2, possibly feed back in the media wheel growth with raising and optimization process and extra algae bio body.When this method continued, the heat treated sub product that is circulated back to treatment system exceeded the needs of system, and this moment, extra treatment system can put into operation.The organism that the extra system delivery capacity is outer, this likewise can thermal treatment be used for generating.When heat treated sub product was circulated back in the system, further treatment system can put into operation, up to meeting the requirements of trim point.
The present invention distinguishes itself and prior art so-called " renewable " energy resource system, because system of the present invention is real " renewable ".Be different from ethanol and biofuel factory, the latter adopts the energy of creating than them of also Duo, and the present invention not only produces competent organism producing spontaneous required energy, and delivery capacity organism outward is used for outside the equipment.
The present invention also provides extremely effective means, is used for reducing significantly or getting rid of the carbon footprint of coal-fired plant with unique with novel method.This realizes with replacement fossil oil or " fuel cock " through producing reproducible charging.As stated, all CO that discharge in isolation and the storage coal combustion 2Be unpractical.Actual more is the replacement coal.The present invention has at first got rid of CO in the fossil oil coal through producing " green coal " 2Production, making does not have the carbon footprint when thermal treatment.It is unpractical utilizing traditional WWTP to produce " fuel cock ", because traditional WWTP adopts the energy more energy that can create than the organism of its production, and it can not create extra organism through photosynthesis.Likewise, utilizing traditional algae production system, also is unpractical such as bioreactor, pond or runway system, because it lacks the organism from bacterium.Have only combination,, produce " fuel cock " and just become actual as provided by the present invention through bacterium and algae bio body.
The present invention also provides economical catching from CO with effective 2The CO of producer, the discharging of for example coal works 2Method because waste water typically has the carbon limit.The algae of in waste water, finding comprises carbon: nitrogen: phosphate mixture, typically, the ratio of C: N: P is 50: 8: 1.Waste water typically has 20: 8: 1 C: N: the P ratio.Therefore, carbon is limiting factor in utilizing the algal grown of waste water, and this more carbon occurred adding, especially, and CO 2Chance in the waste water, this not only catches carbon, also increases the processing efficiency of system.Show that as congruent the algae bio body can be through adding CO in waste water 2And it is above to double.
Include media wheel 66 as the waste water treatment plant, small city of treatment unit such structure as shown in Figure 4, and such as more detailed description here.Obtained the average algae bio matter output ratio in 0.25 pound/media wheel/sky, this equals 662.5 tons/acre/years, or more than 6 times of productivity of algae production system the most effectively.The productivity that is also noted that 0.25 pound/media wheel/sky is not because of CO 2Improve.Based on algae research, adopt CO 2Enrichment can expect that productivity will increase significantly.U.S. EPA estimates 16,225 tame waste water treatment plants are arranged in operation, handles 40,000,000,000 gallons waste water every day.Based on conservative productivity, every year can be from carrying out the high BTU value algae bio body that the U.S. of the present invention treatment plant produces 2,190 ten thousand dried tons (dry ton).Whenever it is about 10 that algae and the indigested mud organism that does pound (dry pound) has, the BTU value of 000BTU, and this equals typical coal BTU value.Therefore, if the U.S. converts all waste water treatment plants into algae treatment system of the present invention, the organism of the associating through these device fabrications will substitute about 2% in the annual 10.46 hundred million tons of coals that consumed of the U.S..This conservative estimation does not comprise from CO 2The extra organism that will produce in replenishing.With itself and EPA estimate 8,000,000 do the relatively low BTU value of ton the mud based on bacterium make comparisons, this is to produce current every year.
The present invention also provides improved solid to remove on existing bacterium based on method of wastewater treatment.Algae rapidly grows, and catches suspended solids and removes the dissolved organic matter, utilizes these two types of materials as food.Through photosynthesis, organic materials changes new compound into through algae, and oxygen is released.This oxygen oxidation sewage solid causes that mud separates and compression.The condensation effects of algae silk and oxidation effect produce heavy intensive algae quality together, and it easily deposits or removes, and produce the ejecta of cleaning.
The present invention also provides improved nutrient removal based on method of wastewater treatment on existing bacterium.Treatment plant's discharging nitrate salt of current use bacterium, phosphoric acid salt, vitriol etc. are by the time in the natural water, are used for through the plant and animal life dilution that exists naturally and continue processing.Can recognize that nitrate salt and phosphoric acid salt such in the waste water have become a problem day by day, because they cause the dramatic growth in our lake and river of a large amount of algae.The present invention only more closely realizes the function that waste discharge requires with its natural mineral element, because its part that adopts life and death round-robin plant to give birth to, and replaces dead and part decline.Nitrate salt, phosphoric acid salt and their predecessor are plant foods, and are absorbed by algae through photosynthesis like this.Algae can than its by bacterial treatment fast the ground of Duoing metabolic nitrogen and phosphorus.Processing is more fully with quick, because it is septic to use the treatment process of bacterium to be based on, and the algae processing is the conversion of a kind of organic substance to the plant life of the health of living.
Aforementioned purpose realizes in practice of the present invention through the symbiotic relationship that media wheel is arranged creates and environment operational conditions.In preferred embodiment; Wastewater treatment, GHG reduce and catch and biomass production realizes through such mode: media wheel is provided; This media wheel is used for phototrophy and non-phototrophic bacteria and algae grows alive; And device, this device is used for moving this media wheel through said waste water and make algae and phototrophic bacteria be exposed to light, and feasible have adequate time to be used to keep phototrophic bacteria and algae grows.From the rotation of algae and media wheel Inlet and outlet water and the growth that the oxygen that produces will keep non-phototrophic bacteria.Be in series connection and separate a plurality of media wheel in stage and be provided for waste water necessary processing level, catch GHG and produce organism.The part media wheel is handled on the waste water water surface so that exposure to be provided, and through its rotation with transmission dissolved oxygen from atmosphere and algae in waste water.Algae is flooded through it and through keeping wet condition via cf-retaining above that.Algae also must provide sufficient light, or direct natural daylight, or the daylight that transmits via fibre optics, to keep algal grown.In cold climates, media wheel is enclosed in the greenhouse, with the protection algae with bacterium avoids solidifying or near freezing temperature.
The algae of in the present invention's practice, adopting is the type that is present in naturally in the sewage.Such algae all is to have the filamentous type that prolongs filament and microalgae.The sticking mucus of thread algae surfaces coated, its seizure and maintenance solid particulate comprise colloidal particle.When the media wheel rotating tee is crossed waste water, be mounted with air and facing to the souring of the liquid of the media wheel fin fragmentation of sewage solid filament particle through rotating media wheel.The sewage solid that is captured on such algae filament can keep several hours before each filament is broken from the algae support bed, and the final quality of mud precipitates with form coarse, heavy and oxidation well.
In some embodiments, inner half of each media wheel can comprise the Biomedia that is used for non-phototrophic bacteria growth.Organic carbon in these non-phototrophic bacteria oxidized waste waters, and be converted into CO 2Be used for algae.
At night, photosynthesis can continue, if supply with artificial light.Yet this is used for the growth of the continuous twenty four hours of phototrophic and non-phototrophic organism and breathes optional in the media wheel system, keeping suitable oxygen level.In the daytime, algae is soaked into oxygen containing water.At night, when algae breathed, but oxygen level descended is not less than 3-4mg/l, like what in the experimental test of small-scale media wheel, proved.The ventilation of media wheel Inlet and outlet water and rotation provide competent oxidation to keep the media wheel envrionment conditions best, to be used for 24 hours every days, annual 365 days biological activity for water.Ventilating and rotating also is provided for good gaseous interchange, and prevents the accumulation of gas as the closed loop bioreactor.
Utilizing waste water at cold climates is favourable as the method for growth algae, because the waste water whole year that gets into WWTP is typically between 50-70 ° of F.It also is favourable utilizing algae and bacterium dispose of wastewater because in treating processes biological organism difference more, this has increased system and has stood waterpower and organic ballistic stability and safety.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the processing flow chart of the waste water treatment plant (WWTP) according to one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the waterpower skeleton diagram of WWTP shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the processing chart according to the renewable energy system of an embodiment of the invention, and it utilizes sewage treatment equipment shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view that is used for the media wheel of WWTP shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 5 is used for that the elementary of WWTP shown in Figure 1 handled with second stage media wheel, GHG reduces and catches and the plat of biomass production system;
Fig. 6 be used for shown in Figure 5 elementaryly handling with second stage media wheel, GHG reduces and catch and the sectional view of biomass production system;
Fig. 7 is that another is used for shown in Figure 5 elementaryly handling with second stage media wheel, GHG reduces and catches and the sectional view of biomass production system;
Fig. 8 is the vertical view that is used to support the groove of the media wheel array that is used for the system shown in Fig. 5-7;
Fig. 9 is the end view of groove shown in Figure 8;
Figure 10 be that the multilayer of another embodiment according to the present invention is elementaryly handled with second stage media wheel, GHG reduces and catch, and the side-view of biomass production system.
Embodiment
Be to promote understanding to principle of the present invention, now with example in the accompanying drawings and the embodiment of the specification sheets of being write below being described in provide reference.It is understandable that it is not intended to scope of the present invention is limited.What it is also understood that is to the present invention includes any distortion and modification to the embodiment of example, and comprise the further application of the principle of the invention, that kind that takes place as common general to those skilled in the art.
Handle the elementary and second stage that algae never successfully is used in the waste water treatment plant, is used for growth because algae must have the illumination of most of the time.In the daytime hour, algae gives out oxygen as sub product, and its produces carbonic acid gas at night.If whole light is cut off, it is finally with death.Waste water is so muddy, so that algae is from being formed on confession use the treatment plant scantily, up to after treating processes.Yet, if moving into and discharge waste water, algae is exposed under the daylight, algae will in waste water, grow galore and metabolism goes out extra composition.
Waste water uses the processing of bacterium need from atmosphere, obtain a large amount of oxygen, and this can be fully by the algae supply, if allow its growth.The oxygen that is discharged in the waste water through algae helps from waste water, to remove solid in essence.Have been found that if the oxygen of minimal amounts of dissolved is introduced in the sedimentary wastewater solids this deposition of solids gets faster and condenses better, adheres to better and can freely discharge, thereby they can be with respect to only more effectively dewatering based on the mud of bacterium and dry.
In an embodiment of the invention, the intensive surface layer that is grown in the algae on the fin of algae media wheel also plays the effect of mechanical filter.In algae runway and pond, the solid obstruction that the algae surface layer is caught by algae soon.So then solid has blocked the light from surface layer, makes algae dead.Through being the media wheel aeration and making the algae bedding move through sewage, generate souring, cause to be loaded with the fragmentation of solid filament, expose new filament and be used for processing, growth and filteration.Mechanical blockage is able to avoid, and algae alternately is exposed under the light to keep its growth and to immerse in the waste water so that biological treatment and mechanical seepage flow to be provided.Such exposure obtains during usually will be in the daytime hour sufficiently.Yet it should be noted that too many directly sunlight is deleterious to algae, will cause light to suppress.This problem has been got rid of in the rotation of media wheel.Although there are thousands of kinds of algae, present method preferably adopts microalgae and the thread algae of many cells, and it can be with himself being attached on the fixed medium, and for example plastic medium is taken turns.Algae self cover viscosity, in the agglomerative film, can catch and keep all types of solid particulates, comprise colloidalmaterial and bacterium.This type algae is intrinsic in sewage.
When keeping moist, media wheel can be operated to be exposed under the daylight, perhaps directly, and perhaps through fibre optics, or suitable artificial light, and it is alternately flooded to contact with waste water.Have been found that so alternately to be exposed to light and sewage promotion algae grows, cause the formation of algae surface layer heavy on media wheel.This algae surface layer is formed biology and mechanical filter, removes nutrient biology, mechanically removes particulate matter, and with the such material of agglutinating aggregation removal tightly, quite different with the solid of common known flocculation.The most of bacterial adhesion that is produced by the biotic component of media wheel is in the solid of being caught by algae.Oxygen becomes known for improving and is used for settled wastewater solid sedimentation effect.
Referring to Fig. 1-3, raw waste water is introduced into waste water treatment plant 100, arrives raw waste water pumping station 10, and it comprises competent pump, and the capacity of pump can be handled the design discharge of the average and day peak value of WWTP.Then, the waste water of pumping arrives the mechanically fine screen 12 of cleaning through force main, removes paper, plastics and big solid.The waste water that sieved then flows to primary clarifier 14 under action of gravity.These primary clarifier 14 sizes typically are used for removing the BOD of waste water 30% and 70% TSS (total suspended solid(s) (TSS)).If requirement, chemical can be used for through chemically improving primary clarification (CEPC), with removing of BOD and TSS in the improvement primary clarifier.Waste water flow to elementary media wheel 16 through gravity from primary clarifier 14 then, wherein waste water and the microalgae, the thread algae that live, and photosynthetic contacting with non-photosynthetic bacterium.This elementary media wheel 16 removes the stage operation as carbonaceous organic cpds, and wherein most BOD changes CO into through bacterium 2This algae removes nitrogen and the phosphorus in the waste water, and will be from the CO of bacterium 2Convert oxygen and organism into.
Waste water flows to second stage settling pond 18 through gravity from elementary media wheel 16 then, the deposition of the organism of wherein taking place to produce by elementary media wheel with separate.Ejecta from the purification of second stage settling pond 18 is sent to second stage media wheel system 20 by gravity then.The media wheel system in the second stage, whole basically remaining BOD change CO into through bacterium 2, and all CO 2, nitrogen and phosphorus removed by algae.Media wheel flows to third stage settling pond 22 to water from the second stage then.In third stage settling pond 22, the agglomerative solid allows deposition and from water, removes.Ejecta from the purification of third stage settling pond 22 flows to sterilization unit 24 by gravity then, and it can provide chlorination/dechlorinationization or ultraviolet ray (UV) sterilization.The water of having sterilized then flows to flow measurement device 26 by gravity, and it can be a Parshall flume, flows to aerating apparatus 28 by gravity then again, and it can be the step aeration.At this point, the water clean enough to be satisfying the strictest regulations emission request, and can be discharged into water body or be used in other purposes again.
The solid (organism) that from sieve 12, primary clarifier 14, second stage settling pond 18 and third stage settling pond 22, removes is collected in the organism tempering tank 30, and wherein this organism mixes and is used for the more processing in downstream to obtain uniform organism.The suspended sediment concentration that will have about 2-4% from the organism of settling pond 14,18,22.Solids content can be in organism tempering tank 30 be got back to factory's beginning and obtained increasing through toppling over supernatant at leisure, and is as shown in Figure 1.Organism adopts organism pump 32 to be pumped into dehydration equipment 34 then.This organism pump can be the pump that is used for any kind of traditional WWTP pumping sludge, for example progression chamber or peristaltic pump.This dehydration equipment can be any kind that is used for traditional WWTP, for example whizzer or belt press.
Because the condensation effects of algae on solid, dewatering efficiency improves widely.Based on experimental test, will be between 20-30% from the typical solid content of the organism of dehydration equipment.The organism of dehydration is sent to organism drying machine 36 then, and it can be any type that is used for traditional WWTP, for example solar drying system.The drying machine that the solar drying system cover is crossed other types is best, if the land can obtain, to be minimized in the energy requirement among the WWTP.If land is problem, so for example can adopt screw organism dryer.This organism dehumidification system 36 will make organism be dried to the optimum water content of following process system requirements.
After dry 36, organism is sent to heat treatment system 38, and it can be many systems, for example incinerator, firing system, gasification system, or pyrolytic decomposition system.Substitute as heat treated, organism can be used as high BTU value organism, chemical fertilizer, animal-feed or other application and sells.If desired, this algae bio body can also send in traditional anaerobic digester.Have been found that recently increasing algae increases the biogas of production in fact and almost entirely get rid of the corrodibility obnoxious flavour to anaerobic digester, typically in the digestive organ of the mud that adopts the bacterium base.Also be to keep separately to be used for different purposes in the present invention expects from the screening and the organism of one settling pond.For example screening can be used as garbage bury thing, thermal treatment with the elementary organism that obtains energy, handle with the second stage organism that obtains chemical fertilizer and handle to obtain the third stage organism of bio oil.
The details that is used for the media wheel of elementary media wheel system 16 and second stage media wheel system 20 is illustrated in Fig. 4.In described here some embodiment, media wheel system 16 and 20 uses and is described in U.S. Patent number 5,647,983,5; 755,961 and 6,158; Technology in 386, wherein open through with reference to all being incorporated into this, especially disclosing of the unit of processing 66, shown in Figure 4 like patent.Although the details of the processing unit 66 in elementary media wheel system 16 and second stage media wheel system 20 can obtain from these patents, the Fig. 4 through REFERENCE TO RELATED has provided general remark.
The basic module of elementary media wheel system 16 and second stage media wheel system 20 is media wheel 66, and it is supported on and is used in the groove 52 around axle 71 rotations.This media wheel 66 comprises the air capturing element, and perhaps fin 62, and they are used for rotating the media wheel of waste water, and said waste water gets into groove 52 at inlet 54 places.Especially, via pipeline 112 air of diffusion is provided, comes out with collision on fin 62, to be used for the rotating media wheel from air 58 through external blower 80 (Fig. 7).Fin preferably makes up and is used for catching effectively the airbag between the successive fin, and when airbag rises in groove, thereby the relative buoyancy of airbag is taken turns rotating media.Take turns except providing power to be used for rotating media, the useful reason of more detailed explanation below starting from, air is also introduced oxygen, heat and CO 2Enter into waste water.
In the diagrammatic embodiment, media wheel 66 comprises biological filter media 56, and it is included in the internal portion of media wheel.This medium makes up and is used to support bacterial growth, for example is the plastic biologic ball.Said biological ball preferably makes up the surface-area that is used to the to provide high ratio to volume.Like the explanation of above, wastewater treatment need be introduced organic and mineral compound to contact with bacterium colony in that waste water is inner, and said bacterium colony utilizes compound as food.Waste water levels 72 in the groove 52 are able to keep, and make filtration medium 56 will alternately flood in the waste water and from waste water, come out, and this has advantageously improved nutrient, oxygen and CO 2Transmission between bacterium colony and waste water.
Although part or half the media wheel inside are full of biological filter media 56, remaining inside or half 70 are preferably empty.Like this, when media wheel 66 rotations, filtration medium 56 alternately shifts waste water, produces successive water level 72 risings and decline, perhaps in groove 52, makes waste water produce surge.This successive motion has promoted the nutrient that is carried at the algae in the media wheel 66 to remove ratio.The surface-area that fin 62 also provides algae to grow above that.The three-dimensional geometry form of media wheel 66 provides and exceeds 7.6 times algal grown surface-area than the two-dimentional footprint of media wheel 66, makes it obtain than pond and the important advantage of runway.Fin 62 motion turnover waste water provide the effective gas exchange between algae, water and air, and are provided at the natural light intensity that changes on the algae, and all these causes healthy with the lasting growth of algae.In addition, the Inlet and outlet water of the rotation of fin and then algae control algae is exposed to high photon flux density (PFD) and low PFD or dark alternating cycles.Light has prevented that with this dark orderly mixing the light of the algal grown relevant with continuing exposure from suppressing, and has improved the algae grows cycle.
Up-down water level 72 also has another advantage to be that it allows even air to be distributed on many media wheel 66, as that kind that in Fig. 5, the equipment shown in 6 and 7, is adopted.When air is sent to the air tube seat of ordinary water level, air will tend to be split into unevenly " paths of least resistance ", and must adopt the division of pressure lock with control air stream.The head that the up-down of tank 52 median water level 72 changes in air distribution system splits into each media wheel 66 in the grid with forcing even air, and need not pressure lock.
Air is favourable in outlet 58 injection for the growth of algae and phototrophic bacteria, because the air spray foam makes the waste water fractionation.This foam 64 is collected on the water surface, between media wheel 66 and wall of container.This foam is grown on the fin 62, and more particularly, algae and phototrophic bacteria are grown above that, thereby algae and phototrophic bacteria can easily be drawn necessary nutrient and the solid in foam 64.
It is understandable that the bacterium that is grown on Biomedia 56 and the algae forms organism with the bacterium that is grown on the fin 62, it can be used for aforesaid biofuel, chemical fertilizer and other application.Elementary media wheel 16 is imagined with second stage media wheel 20 like this, makes algae from fin 62, to be removed by force constantly, and allows to be passed into second stage settling pond 18 and third stage settling pond 22.In case algae colony reaches critical mass, spray through exporting 58 air and can remove algae from sieve by force.Scraper does not need usually, but can provide yet, and like U.S. Patent number 5,647,983 is described, and it openly is incorporated into this through reference.In case remove from fin 62, the algae bio body separates through outlet 60.The primary treatment of elementary media wheel outlet 60 is communicated with second stage settling pond 18, and the outlet 60 of second-stage treatment unit is communicated with third stage settling pond 22, and is as shown in Figure 1.Second stage settling pond 18 is main as sedimentation basins with third stage settling pond 22, and to remove respectively the organism that discharges from primary treatment system 16 and second stage treatment system 20 at last, this organism is made up of algae and bacterium.The algae that peels off from the fin 62 of media wheel 66 is filamentous and surperficial the mucous of viscosity that be coated with, and this has promoted also to have promoted to remove in the deposition of the inner residual solid of settling pond through condensing of organism.
Ejecta need not extra processing after the aeration 28 again, because final ejecta does not comprise the deleterious material in the original waste water.Total suspended solids (TSS) has in fact also been removed through equipment 100.The nitrogen and the phosphorus that typically are included in the waste water are to live in primary treatment system 16 with second stage treatment system 20 inner bacterium algae colonies food to be provided.Through photosynthesis, algae is changed nitrogen and phosphorus into algae bio body and oxygen.Oxygen oxidized waste water solid, thus the promotion solid compresses or condenses.Explain that like above oxygen also provides fuel for the growth of bacterium colony in the media wheel 66, bacterium produces CO simultaneously 2, this helps algae to obtain fuel and growth.Like this, the circulation that total system provides in fact spontaneous ecology to drive provides fuel through toxic materials in the waste water and daylight.
By glass, plastics, the greenhouse built of the transparent or semitransparent material of double-walled polycarbonate or other for example can be placed on elementary media wheel system 16 and the second stage media wheel system 22, with protection algae and bacterium, as shown in Fig. 5-9.An advantage in greenhouse 82 is that elementary media wheel system 16 and second stage media wheel system 22 can completely be included in 82 inside, greenhouse, and is as shown in Figure 6.The greenhouse 82 elementary media wheel of protection system 16 and second stage media wheel system 22, and media wheel 66 especially, make its avoid cold temperature, from the predation of animal and insect, and be used to filter deleterious ultraviolet ray, with the protection algae from daylight.Greenhouse 82 can pass through media wheel gas blower 80 aerations, to keep the work that optimum atmosphere is used for media wheel.This characteristic has advantageously been got rid of extra cost of capital and energy cost, and this typically is greenhouse ventilation and heats to be most appropriate to the requirement of plant-growth institute.This is also favourable, because it provides easily and transmitted effectively heat and CO 2Gas arrives media wheel 66, and makes heat and CO 2Be captured in the greenhouse method with annual ground optimum algal grown.Greenhouse 82 can be that any sizes and shape is to hold the elementary media wheel system 16 and the second stage media wheel system 22 of requirement.It is understandable that; The house also can change design; Adapting to for maintenance, test, the demand safeguarded or the like, this is that it possibly use according to principle well known by persons skilled in the art for any concrete elementary media wheel system 16 and second stage media wheel system 22.
Research shows, 20 ° of F of the every rising of water temperature, and the algal grown rate is double.During month, algae preferably maintains temperature above freezing in the winter time, and is preferably on 50 ° of F because algae and bacterium will stop growing under the low temperature very much, and when being lower than about 40 ° of F with speed growth very slowly.During summer months, greenhouse temperature preferably remains below 100 ° of F to optimize algae grows.This can realize through the ventilation hole of opening in the greenhouse.In some places, it is gentle that wherein annual temperature keeps, and adopts the greenhouse will become and there is no need to keep algae and bacterium to be in optimal growth temperature.
In the limited application of terrestrial space, elementary media wheel system 16 can be constructed as multi-layer device with second stage media wheel system 22, and is shown in figure 10.Every layer of multi-layer device is configured to identical with the single-layer system shown in Fig. 5-9 basically.It is understandable that pump system possibly require to be used for directly flowing into the upper strata, and can lean on the gravity supply to mix with the discharge of lower floor from the discharge of this layer.Because this multilayered structure of the shallow depth of water (about 15 inches) that remains in elementary media wheel system 16 and the second stage media wheel system 22 is feasible for the present invention.Traditional activated sludge equipment can not make up like this, because they need 10 feet and the bigger side depth of water.Floor load from elementary media wheel system 16 and second stage media wheel system 22 will reach about 78 pounds per square foots, and this can easily and economically be provided in the multi-layer construction structure.
Will also be appreciated that the upper strata can pass through transparent or semitransparent greenhouse 82 reception environment daylight.Two-layerly all the sidewall through the greenhouse is received extra daylight.Yet the elementary and second stage media wheel system in the lower floor possibly need daylight more, is equivalent to the light that the upper strata receives through greenhouse roof.Another aspect of the present invention, lighting fixtures 124 are arranged on the top ceiling of lower floor at least, and be as shown in Figure 9, thinks that algae and phototrophic bacteria provide necessary light.This lighting fixtures 124 can be the artificial light utensil.Yet, making public to the light of all algae media wheel natural light preferably, thereby in the embodiment of example, solar collector 120 is via the daylight of the light pipe 122 supply natures lighting fixtures 124 in the equipment.
The device that is used for the rotating media wheel that in the embodiment of example of the present invention, provides provides the contact of requirement between waste water, air, bacterium and algae, and allows algae and light to have sufficient the contact to promote self-sow.Algae continues alternately to be submerged in liquid internal and moves through atmospheric another critical function and be it and got rid of the light inhibition that this produces for effective algae is an independent big problem.When in short light and following time in dark cycle cycle, algal grown efficient improves significantly.According to recent scientific research, algae produces the intermittent light and dark the best down of second at 5-15.The rotating speed of media wheel 66 can keep through control water level 72, makes that the RPM of media wheel 66 is about 3-10RPMs, so that 6-20 to be provided intermittent light and the dark cycle of second.The media wheel 66 of constructing light plastic material allows the average greater flexibility of media wheel 66 speed to create buoyancy media wheel 66, simply through changing air capacity and the water level 72 through outlet 58.Light media wheel 66 also allows less air to be used for each media wheel 66, the energy expenditure of this minimizing equipment 100.Algae continues alternately to be submerged in liquid internal and moves through atmospheric another critical function; Thereby algae and bacterium can keep wetting; This is essential for its growth, and during it is through atmosphere, is in sufficient speed, to prevent the drying of any essence of algae bedding.
Equipment 100 as shown in Figure 1 can also be merged into renewable energy system 200, and is as shown in Figure 3, and wherein the sub product of equipment is used as the fuel of generating, and the sub product of generating is as " fuel " of equipment.Whole renewable energy systems adopts raw waste water as " fuel ", and through sun power power is provided in essence, thereby makes that the loss relevant with the sub product that produces is less.Equipment 200 is identical with aforesaid device 100, except increasing extra media wheel unit, second stage 20a to 20n.The organism that slave unit 200 produces with handle to drive generator 40 in the identical method described in the equipment 100.The output of generator 40 is electricity, and it can back be provided for being equipment 200 and/or network supply.In addition, when needs, some heat that produce during the generating can be transferred to organism drying machine 36 and elementary media wheel 16 and second stage media wheel 20.
This method cycle through such completion: will discharge gas and pass back to elementary media wheel 16 and second stage media wheel 20, for the algal grown in the equipment 200 provides fuel, as that kind recited above from organism thermal treatment 38 and generator 40.Discharge gas, i.e. CO 2And heat improves and optimized algae production, and this causes the biomass production that increases, has improved biomass thermal and has handled 38, causes the production of more electricity and/or biofuel.Although eternal energy cycle has appearred in this circulation, be used for the outside of entire treatment, and unlimited in essence propulsion source is a sun power.
Can expect that equipment 100 can be handled the daily design discharge of concrete raw waste water volume.Like this, can expect that the size of equipment 100 will only depend on contained nutrient in the waste water that pumping plant 10 provides with making up.Yet, like above suggestion, compared with needs or can handle through equipment 100, the backheat aspect of system 200 will produce more substantial thermal treatment waste gas.Be not to discharge these gases to be used for waste, the present invention's imagination is introduced additional treatment facility 20a on the line, as described in Figure 3.This supplementary equipment therefore will receive the ejecta and ash, CO from second stage settling pond 18 2And the waste heat that obtains from thermal treatment 38 and generator 40.Then, this algal grown circulates among this supplementary equipment therefore 20a and begins, and up to reaching identical result, promptly algal grown has reached capacity in this optional equipment and sub product exceeds the capacity of the combination of elementary and optional equipment 100,20a.At that time, the 3rd equipment 20b can put into operation.This sequence of events repeats, up to realizing that the whole of treatment facility 100 and 20a-20 (n) replenish, as determined by the output of wanting from thermal treatment.At that, the discharge gas that need not to supply with many algae production units can discharge or store with suitable manner.
The important interests that treatment facility 100 and 200 described here provides are that said equipment is spontaneous, and this process provides fuel by waste water and daylight.Except spontaneous advantage, device fabrication described here goes out unnecessary organism, to be used for outside the equipment 100.Unnecessary organism can be used as thermal treatment, common heating, methane digestive organ, and the production of chemical fertilizer or biofuel, such as biofuel.It is known in each of these environment, adopting the method for biomass, but up to the present, this problem still exists.In other words, do not have the algae of quantity sufficient and the renewable source of organism to use, perhaps more properly, be used to confirm the value of the investment on treatment facility with these outsides of supporting the wastewater treatment sub product.The renewable energy source of coming authigenic material is the method that more gears to actual circumstances than wind energy or sun power up to now, because organism heat energy technology has the successful record very long together with coal.In addition, organism can be handled when in fact needing to transmit power to grid with the same mode of coal.Wind and sun power are insecure renewable energy sources, because its generating can not be controlled.Utility companies is disliked wind and sun power, because they produce electric power usually unwanted at all the time in Utilities Electric Co..Because electricity can not be stored by cost effectively, this renewable energy source is wasted, and Utilities Electric Co. or human consumer are not worth.In history, the subject matter about organism is the unreliable and inconsistent of its supply.Most of organism supplies can not guarantee preparing forever, and this simple fact has caused too many risk to the investor.Yet waste water and daylight obviously are very reliable, and have reduced significantly and the relevant risk of reliable and consistent organism supply.The energy input that arrives equipment 100 and 200 is mainly from the sun.The biological treatment that occurs in the media wheel system 16,20 is spontaneous and spontaneous.Therefore, equipment 100 disclosed herein and 200 overcome with from the relevant problem of the renewable energy source of organism.In fact, equipment 100 and 200 provides method to the factory owner, guarantees that they are used for the energy cost of the life of equipment.
Like this, the present invention provides the scheme with quite high Environmental awareness to solve the foregoing problems of handling waste water, has the useful annex of minimizing from the greenhouse gases of wastewater treatment, from CO 2Catch CO in the discharging 2, and produce renewable resources and handle to be used for other.
Waste Water Treatment of the present invention and method have been avoided before and the relevant problem of algae bio fuel production effect.Rotating media wheel (Fig. 4) has increased the effective surface area that is used for algal grown in essence.In the runway pond, the pond must be enough shallow so that daylight arrives suspends and float around the algae in the current in pond.In native system, rotating media wheel 66 makes the algae colony of on media wheel 66 surfaces, growing be exposed in the daylight constantly.
Runway pond system needs CO 2Inject the consumption that the pond is used for algae with nutrient.System of the present invention adopts algae and bacterium, and they form symbiotic relationship, and this causes algal grown faster.Although CO 2Can introduce in the media wheel 66 of system of the present invention, yet it is optional.Yet, if can obtain, extra CO 2With supporting extra algal grown.Like this, media wheel of the present invention system 16,20 can be used to dispose waste water and the depleted CO from approaching equipment or factory 2
Another advantage of system of the present invention is, compared with the runway pond of formerly system, the algae bio body can more easily extract from the settling pond 18,22 of native system.In order to gather in the crops algae, the runway pond need be adopted scrubber or skimmer to aspirate through the pond or passed through diverted flow.On the other hand, system of the present invention relies on the jet that is used for the rotating media wheel to remove the algae that is grown from media wheel 66 surfaces.The algae of removing will be deposited on the bottom of settling pond 18,22, to remove easily.
Recent findings, between the reaction period, algae produces a large amount of hydrogen at its photosynthesis.Like this, aforesaid equipment can change and is used to extract hydrogen, and hydrogen can be used as fuel then.Runway pond system formerly is not suitable for extracting hydrogen, because hydrogen will filter out from the whole surface-area in pond.On the other hand, the equipment of Fig. 1 easily is suitable for extracting the hydrogen that distributes from elementary media wheel system 16 and second stage media wheel system 20, because this gas will be collected in the top in greenhouse 82.
The waste water treatment plant, small city that includes as the media wheel 66 of treatment unit makes up as illustrated in fig. 4.Each media wheel 66 diameter is 16.5 inches, and width is 15.5 inches.This system moves at first, makes raw waste water get into two placed in-line elementary media wheel 66, and the back is a settling pond, and the back of settling pond is the extra media wheel 66 in placed in-line two second stage then, and the back is a settling pond.Then, elementary and quantity second stage media wheel 66 is increased to placed in-line six media wheel, finally is placed in-line nine media wheel then.Media wheel 66 is moved like this, and wherein waste water stream is parallel and perpendicular to the axle of media wheel 66, and waste water flows through placed in-line media wheel.Media wheel 66 operates in the different depth of water, different rotating speed, different inflows flows and have and do not have under the artificial daylight.Find that through test waste water must flow through two stages (the elementary and second stage) of media wheel 66 with the mode of plug flow, each stage of media wheel is made up of placed in-line nine media wheel, with the necessary processing that always provides administration to require.
Total waterpower hold-time in media wheel 66 grooves 52 is 5.4 hours, to obtain to satisfy the ejecta of direct emission regulation requirement.Activated sludge is handled typically needs 12-18 hour hold-time to obtain this identical processing horizontal.Except the processing that is provided by bacterium, this mainly is based on removing via the extra nutrient of algae.Pilot system shows that also the solid based on the algae reason effectively precipitates.The settling pond that is used for bench-scale testing only provides 2 hours hold-time, and does not block with the dissipation energy of flow, but the suspended solids that has obtained the emission request of satisfied regulation removes rate.Settling pond size in traditional activated sludge factory is used to provide and surpasses 6 hours hold-time, to remove suspended solids fully.This is because the mud of handling from activated sludge does not form compact mud, even a large amount of oxygen is introduced to help activated sludge from atmosphere.In fact, many activated sludges factory must add polymer to their settling pond with silting fully.
Fig. 5-7 expression is used for the elementary media wheel 16 and second stage media wheel 20 of equipment 100 and equipment 200.Elementary 16 all is identical with the second stage 20 in structure and operation, but is located in the equipment 100,200 in the stage of separating of treating processes.Elementary 16 with the second stage 20 each comprises that all the array of a plurality of media wheel 66 in series is set to the train of nine media wheel 66, they move with the mode of plug flow, wherein many rows' media wheel 66 are parallel to each other.Required row's number is the wastewater flow rate that is processed and/or the CO of requirement 2The function of the biomass turnout of seizure amount and/or requirement.Media wheel 66 supports through plastic grating network 96, and its support and permission media wheel are rotated and be that each media wheel 66 is created one chamber 97, to provide the plug flow mode through each nine train.Lattice nework 96 comprises the hole 106 in the wall between each media wheel 66 chamber in each system of flowing; This allows waste water, algae and bacterium to advance to media wheel 66 from media wheel 66, and finally crosses out the common water outlet channel 104 that water management weir 102 arrives supply rising pipe 84.As more specifically expression in Fig. 8-9, this lattice nework 96 forms through the series of parallel panels 125 that are installed in the network groove 108, and passage 86 extends into the opposite end of groove from the master stream for they.This network also comprises a series of parallel panel 127, and they are provided with perpendicular to first panel 125, thereby the combination of panel 125,127 limits a plurality of chambeies 97, has one media wheel 66 in it.Each vertical line panel 127 limits the axle 71 that seam 128 is used to receive corresponding media wheel.Alternatively, have only three vertical panel 129a, 129b and 129c to possess seam 128.In the embodiment of this replacement, one axle 71 extends along the given row of array, and each media wheel is supported in its oneself the chamber 97.As required, in each seam, can provide bearing element with bolster 71.Can be contemplated that interlocking panel 125,127,129a-c are processed by durable plastics, can stand to be exposed in the poisonous waste water of potential.Lattice nework 96 can be a ready-formed, removably to be installed in each groove 108 inside.
The waste water that flows into is evenly distributed in the several rows of media wheel 66 through common flow channel 90, and this flow channel 90 forms the border of media wheel lattice nework groove 108.The adjustable V-notch of common weir 94 is attached to the upper limb at the wall 92 of the flow channel of each lattice nework 96 fronts, and is as shown in Figure 6.94 a series of V-notch makes up and is used for control and distributes waste water along the weir, and waste water is assigned to the media wheel 66 in the lattice nework 96 equably.The water level that maintains in the media wheel lattice nework 96 is controlled through adopting common flow pass 104, and this flow pass 104 forms the border of each network groove 108.The upper limb that the adjustable ejecta V-notch of common weir 102 attaches at the exhaust channel wall 98 of each lattice nework 96 ends.
Lattice nework 96 also is combined with airduct distribution system 112, and it is made up of blast main, and said blast main is provided with along each train of nine media wheel 66.Outlet 114 in the pipe be positioned at each media wheel 66 below, be in correct position and (be similar to the outlet 58 of Fig. 4) to allow air to be captured in media wheel 66 fins 62.The rising of the water level 72 in each media wheel chamber 52 that is alternately caused in the Inlet and outlet water by inner Biomedia 56 and descending allows uniform air branch across whole working medium wheel lattice nework 96, and need not air control valve.Blower 80 takes turns 66 through the air-flow that airduct network 112 transmission that are included in the trellis system 96 need with rotating media.These blower fans 80 are gone back generator and are transmitted extra CO with the source from thermal treatment or outside the slave unit 2To media wheel 66.
Like this, as disclosed herein, an embodiment of the invention expection is used for handling simultaneously waste water, reduces greenhouse gases, catches CO 2With the method for producing organism,, prevent to transmit CO through the release and the production of the greenhouse gases of bacterium and algae production comprising waste water is flowed to contact with the device that accommodates algae alive and bacterium to handle waste water 2Catching through algal grown, running gear, algae and bacterium are loaded with the solid algae through waste water to give aerating wastewater and fragmentation, from waste water, separate algae and bacterium to algae, give algae and bacterium dehydration, and dry algae and bacterium are with the generation organism.Waste water can be family, industry or agricultural effluent.This method is particularly suitable for removing the CO that is sent by the bacterial respiratory effect in aerator tank 2Gas, the N that sends through the bacterial nitrification process 2O and the CH that sends by the bacterial digestion process 4Gas.The CO that catches 2Also from CO 2Discharging body, the for example electrical production of power plant or distribution.
According to an aspect of the present invention; The device that is used to hold algae and bacterium comprises that at least one configuration is used for the media wheel that algae and bacterium grow above that; This media wheel is installed and is used for rotating at groove, thereby during rotation the part of media wheel immerses in the waste water, and a part is on waste water.Algae and phototrophic bacteria that this rotation so alternately will be grown on the media wheel outside are exposed in daylight and the waste water; To be provided for the nutrition absorption of algae and bacterium; And cause removing of nutrient in the waste water; With permission and atmospheric gaseous interchange, and the circulation that on algae and phototrophic bacteria, produces light intermittently and dark.This media wheel can also comprise that inner Biomedia is used for non-phototrophic bacteria.Media wheel is combined with fin with the seizure air, and is provided for the surface-area of algal grown.The three-dimensional geometry form of media wheel can make up and be used to provide the total algal grown surface-area that exceeds 7.6 times in two-dimentional footprint.Media wheel preferably can be annotated generating light media wheel by plastics manufacturing or mould, floating in the waste water, thereby reduces the wearing and tearing on axle and the bearing significantly, and reduces rotating media and take turns required air capacity.
In a characteristic of the present invention, the speed of rotation of media wheel is controlled through the water depth in the medium race.The rotating speed of media wheel also keeps speed to suppress with the light that prevents algae, and the method for employing is called orderly mixing, and it forces algae to stand the variation of high photon flux density (PFD) to the dark cycle.This circulation from high PFD to low PFD has shown can promote algal grown.Rotating speed also is enough to provide from be mounted with the solid algae swipes to organism fully, and this algae is from media wheel.In one aspect, transmit CO 2, move media wheel, algae and bacterium can be realized with swivel arrangement through below device, injecting air through waste water simultaneously.Method and system expection algae disclosed herein is microalgae and the thread algae that lives.Algae will provide the part bacterium required oxygen, reduce like this and handle the required energy of waste water, also reduce the carbon footprint of wastewater treatment.Algae also will catch and change the CO in the system of being sent to 2Be extra algae quality, thereby improve the biomass production potential of system, and prevent CO 2As greenhouse gas emission in atmosphere.Algae also will directly be changed ammonia into extra algae quality, increase the biomass production potential of system like this, and prevent that nitrobacteria (institute is intrinsic for typical waste water) from producing N from ammonia 2O.This bacterium is the phototrophy property and the non-phototrophic bacteria of living.Bacterium converts the organic carbon in the waste water (BOD) into inorganic carbon (CO 2), the algae that the latter is grown in system utilizes.
, separate the step of algae and bacterium and in the gravity settling pond, carry out aspect some of the present invention.The step of algae and bacterium dehydration can be accomplished through whizzer or belt press, and drying step can be realized through sun power or hot sludge drying system.
The present invention expects that the organism of creating is a valuable biologics in the method, and it can be used to generate electricity to move the process of itself.The organism product can also be used for the purpose outside the method for wastewater treatment, such as the production of electricity, biofuel and other value products.
A further aspect of the invention, spontaneous multi-functional wastewater treatment, greenhouse gases reduce, CO 2Seizure, biomass production; With electricity is provided for shop equipment, comprise mechanical sieve, primary clarifier, elementary media wheel, second stage settling pond, second stage media wheel, third stage settling pond, sterilization, flow metering, aeration, organism tempering tank, organism dewatering system, organism dehumidification system, organism heat treatment system and generator system in the back.Each all is contained in elementary media wheel and second stage media wheel in the greenhouse, and this allows from heat treated heat of organism and CO 2Catch, optimizing annual algae and bacterial growth, even in cold climates.
According to an aspect, elementary media wheel all is identical in structure with operating with second stage media wheel, but in equipment, is positioned at the stage of separating of processing.Elementary media wheel and second stage media wheel comprise the array that a plurality of media wheel are formed, and in the train that in series is set to be made up of nine media wheel, they move with the mode of plug flow, and wherein many rows' media wheel is parallel to each other.Required row's number is the wastewater flow rate that is processed and/or the CO of requirement 2The function of the biomass turnout of seizure amount and/or requirement.In a characteristic, media wheel is passed through the plastic grating network and is supported, and its support and permission media wheel are rotated and taken turns the single chamber of creation for each, pass through each nine train so that the plug flow mode to be provided.This trellis system comprises the hole in the wall between each media wheel chamber in each system of flowing, and this allows waste water, algae and bacterium to advance to media wheel from media wheel, and finally crosses out water management weir arrival common water exit.
In a characteristic, the waste water of inflow borders the medium race through employing common flow channel is evenly distributed to several rows of media wheel with the adjustable V-notch of the common weir that attaches to the upper limb place of the flow channel wall in the trellis system front.A series of V-notch along the weir make up and are used for control and distribute waste water to arrive the media wheel trellis system equably.Remain on the common flow pass that the water level in the media wheel trellis system borders the medium race through employing and the adjustable outflow V-notch of the common weir at the upper limb place of the flow pass wall that is attached at the trellis system end and be able to control.
Trellis system disclosed herein also is combined with the airduct distribution system, and wherein blast main is provided with along each train of nine media wheel.The opening of opening in pipe is positioned at below each media wheel, is in correct position, is captured in the media wheel fin to allow air.The rising of the water level in each media wheel chamber that is alternately caused in the Inlet and outlet water by the Biomedia of inside and descending allows uniform air branch across whole working medium wheel grid, and need not air control valve.Blower is taken turns with rotating media through the air-flow that the airduct network transmission that is included in the trellis system needs.These blower fans also generator transmit extra CO with the source from thermal treatment or outside the slave unit 2To algae.
According to spontaneous equipment on the other hand, organism is removed, is dewatered from settling pond and be dry to produce the available organism.The available organism can be by thermal treatment to produce bio oil, biogas, heat, CO then 2And ash.Final bio oil can be used for the outside of equipment, and biogas can burn to produce in generator.The electricity of part is used for operational outfit, and remaining electricity is sent to power network.According to an attribute of this system, the heat, the CO that from thermal treatment and generating, produce 2Be transmitted back to elementary media wheel and second stage media wheel with ash and be used for extra algae and produce, optimizing the operating parameter of method of wastewater treatment, and from these extraneous processing, catch CO 2
This multi-functional equipment can also comprise extra multi-functional equipment receiving from the ejecta of elementary media wheel system with from the output of the recycling of the equipment that separates, when the capacity of first multifunctional equipment of the output that utilizes recycling surpasses.Can add the operation optimizing of additional processing equipment up to the equipment that separates.
The present invention expects sewage treatment equipment, and it has very useful in limited time at terrestrial space.Especially, in this equipment, elementary media wheel system and second stage media wheel system possibly be configured to multi-layer device.Lighting fixtures is arranged on every layer the top ceiling except top layer, thinks that algae and phototrophic bacteria provide necessary light.This lighting fixtures can be artificial light utensil or fibre-optic lighting fixtures.The media wheel system can transmit waste water to the inflow inlet at the different layers place with suitable pump with the method construct identical with single-layer system.
According to an embodiment, in order to increase/optimize photosynthesis, the artificial light utensil can comprise photodiode (" LED ").Any natural daylight can be replenished through adding these artificial light utensils, and these artificial light appliance design are used to produce specific light wavelength and frequency (red and blue), is used for promoting or optimizing algal grown.Modern photodiode (" LED ") provides a suitable light source.LED can be placed on above the algae wheel and/or inside waste water itself.According to the embodiment of an example, the pipe that the LED of Energy Efficient can be employed between 20W and the 60W is provided between the 50-150umol/s/m2.
Form with artificial light provides additional luminous energy can increase photosynthetic intensity, thereby increases the speed of algal grown, and the length through adopting 100% artificial light to prolong " daytime ", with further promotion algal grown.Through its required light is provided for algae, energy expenditure can increase and/or optimize.
According to an embodiment, in case energy (W), wavelength (NM), frequency (HZ) and time (by day with evening during) have been optimized in the employing of LED, extra energy can transmit and be used for further promoting algal grown speed and optimize the lipoid type.
Based on an embodiment, the introducing of the extra light energy through adopting artificial light, it is used to promote photosynthesis, can be used for further promoting algal grown speed with the introducing of CO2.Photosynthesis is subject to light usually, and providing of extra CO2 possibly typically have limited use.Yet owing to can obtain to be used for the increase of the artificial luminous energy of CO2 conversion, CO2 can introduce the air nozzle that is arranged in below the algae wheel, and this algae wheel is in free-pouring waste water stream.Can expect that the CO2 level can be than non-pressurized 0.038%, or the level of 380ppm increases by five times; Up to 0.02%, or 2000ppm, according to a kind of situation; When combining with traditional illumination method, this can provide the increase that surpasses 300% algal grown speed.CO2 can derive from many Industrial processes, for example or through being positioned at main independent power plant jointly, when perhaps being vertically integrated when generating electricity via the generating of closed loop system.
Photosynthetic intensity is not very sensitive for the water temperature (15-22C) in the average limit that falls under the home.Yet if be used for photosynthetic light and CO2 is excessive, the growth of water temperature appropriateness can promote algal grown speed.Suggestion adopts simple interchanger to improve water temperature, in summer months, increases by 30%.Correspondingly,, increase luminous energy,, can promote algal grown with CO2 amount that increases and the water temperature that increases through artificial light according to an embodiment.Through unnecessary luminous energy is provided, the triacylglycerol of algae (triacelglycerols, i.e. TAG) lipoid type can increase very big nominal amount, as recited above.According to another embodiment, be further to increase the TAG lipoid, can adopt the mode that is exposed in the pulsed ultraviolet light so that the algae vibrations, thereby make algae stop growing, and luminous energy synthetic glucide changes the TAG lipoid into.Through handling algal grown to increase the TAG lipoid, embodiment of the present invention can be used to increase the utilization that the algae bio body is used for fuel composition, and utilizes whole cellular lipids thing composition, and is not only the neutral lipoid composition of cell intermediate storage.
Here the drawing and description of introducing disclose some embodiment of the present invention; But it is understandable that; Within the spirit and scope of the present invention; The present invention and mechanical features thereof can have modification, structural changes, adopt the assembly of alternate equipment as whole device, and the bonded different application integral body of said device or component or use.Therefore, the applicant is not intended to the present invention is limited to disclosed particular form, and is intended to cover the combination of all modifications of falling into here in the principle scope of lecturing, variation, component, alternative structure and method, and as explaining in the claim.

Claims (20)

1. sewage treatment equipment comprises:
Flow channel is used for the reception waste water from the source;
The primary treatment system comprises:
Be used to hold first groove of the waste water that receives through said flow channel;
Be installed in a plurality of rotating media wheels in said first groove, be used for, and each comprises the organic carbon and breathing CO that can digest in the waste water at the waste water internal rotation 2Bacterium colony, and each media wheel comprises the surface that is used to support algal grown, said surface is provided for alternately being dipped in the waste water neutralization and is exposed in the daylight;
Air supply, it is arranged on the inside of said first groove, and has a plurality of outlets, corresponding of said a plurality of media wheel is pointed in said outlet, with the inner rotation of waste water said take turns and operate be used to aerating wastewater; With
Elementary outlet, be used to discharge with bacterium and the ejecta of crossing through said primary treatment system handles after algae contacts;
Second stage treatment system comprises:
Second groove is used to receive the ejecta of discharging from the said elementary outlet of said primary treatment system;
A plurality of rotating medias wheel, each is configured to identical in fact with said media wheel in said primary treatment system;
Air supply, it is arranged on the inside of said second groove and is configured to identical in fact with the said air supply of said primary treatment system; With
Second outlet, be used to discharge with bacterium and the ejecta of handling through said second stage treatment system after algae contacts.
2. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein said primary treatment system comprises the primary clarifier that is arranged between said flow channel and said first groove, said primary clarifier can be operated and be used to remove the biosolids from waste water.
3. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 2; Wherein said second stage treatment system comprises the second stage settling pond that is arranged between said elementary outlet and said second groove, and said second stage settling pond can be operated the biosolids that is used for removing from the ejecta of said primary treatment system.
4. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 3; Wherein said second stage treatment system is included in the third stage settling pond in said second exit to handle the ejecta from said second stage treatment system, and said third stage settling pond can be operated and be used for removing the biosolids from the ejecta of said second stage treatment system.
5. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 4 also is included in the sterilization unit in the downstream of said third stage settling pond.
6. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 5 also is included in the aeration unit in said disinfection unit downstream.
7. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 4 also comprises groove, and this groove is used to receive the organism that extracts through said elementary, the second stage and third stage settling pond.
8. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein each said media wheel limits internal portion, and this internal portion is communicated with waste water in a corresponding said groove, and said internal portion includes non-phototropic bacterium.
9. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein said elementary and second stage treatment system comprise the grid of being made up of the panel of interconnection, it limits a plurality of chambeies, and corresponding of said media wheel rotatably is installed in the chamber.
10. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 9, wherein said grid limit many rows' chamber, and the adjacent chamber fluid in every row is communicated with, and passes through the mode of each row's plug flow so that waste water to be provided.
11. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 10, each row of wherein said grid limits the chamber coldest days of the year end, is used for rotatably receiving the said media wheel of equal amts.
12. according to the described sewage treatment equipment of claim 10; Comprise that also air distributes grid; Its said grid with the panel of interconnection is associated, and said air distributes grid to comprise pipe, and this pipe is associated with each described row; Said pipe limits the opening of giving vent to anger at each place, said chamber, is used to guide the air rotation said media wheel related with said chamber.
13. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein the said a plurality of rotating medias wheels in each said elementary and second stage treatment system are provided as nine media wheel of many rows.
14. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein said elementary and second stage treatment system are contained in inside, greenhouse.
15. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein said elementary and second stage treatment system are provided at during multilayer is provided with, at least one groove of wherein said system vertically be supported on system another groove above.
16. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 15, wherein minimum that of said at least groove provides lighting system, is used to said groove light is provided.
17. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 16, wherein said lighting system comprise the scoop that is used to collect daylight, are used to transmit the light pipe of daylight and be connected to the interior lighting utensil on the said light pipe.
18. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein said at least elementary and groove second stage treatment system provide lighting system, and it comprises a plurality of photodiodes (LED), is used to said groove light is provided.
19. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 18, wherein CO 2Gas and heat are provided in a groove of said at least elementary and second stage treatment system, and combine with this lighting system.
20. sewage treatment equipment according to claim 18, wherein said lighting system comprises UV-light, and this UV-light configuration is used to provide pulsed ultraviolet light to arrive said groove.
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