CN101849871A - Cochlea implant - Google Patents
Cochlea implant Download PDFInfo
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- CN101849871A CN101849871A CN200910131708A CN200910131708A CN101849871A CN 101849871 A CN101849871 A CN 101849871A CN 200910131708 A CN200910131708 A CN 200910131708A CN 200910131708 A CN200910131708 A CN 200910131708A CN 101849871 A CN101849871 A CN 101849871A
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Abstract
The invention provides a cochlea implant which is used for improving the hearing ability of a patient with hearing impairment. The cochlea implant comprises an internal receiving unit, wherein the internal receiving unit is implanted into a body and comprises a receiving part for receiving an external signal, an effective electrode and a reference electrode; the effective electrode comprises a single electrode wire, and a ball electrode is connected to the end part of the electrode wire; and the ball electrode reinforces electrical stimulating efficiency and the contact reliability of the effective electrode and a cochlea. The cochlea implant is easy to implant into the body and improves the hearing ability at lower cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cochlear implant, more specifically, relate to and a kind ofly be easy to implanted and the cochlear implant of the hearing ability of raising is provided.
Background technology
Ear is made up of external ear, middle ear and three essential parts of internal ear.Sound reaches external ear eardrum at the interface from external ear, and the form with the vibrate air ripple reaches middle ear then.Subsequently, sound is sent to the oval window of cochlea by the vibration of auditory ossicles.Along with fluidic vibration in the cochlea, organ of Corti produces the signal of telecommunication.
The vibration of overlay film causes the generation of receptor potential in the hair cell, and this current potential is sent to spiral ganglion by dendron.From the neuron of the signal stimulus auditory nerve of this spiral ganglion, and finally be sent to brain.Most of hearing losses be since in the cochlea functional fault of hair cell cause.In this case, hearing loss can replace exciting of hair cell to alleviate by artificial electrical stimulation is provided.Developed cochlear implant in view of the above.
Cochlear implant is an electronic installation of implanting health by surgical operation, and it provides sound perception to the people with serious dysacousis.Cochlear implant utilizes electric pulse directly to stimulate the auditory nerve of cochlea inside.Cochlear implant all has serious acoustic trauma and can't provide good hearing ability by the people that sonifer is benefited to those two ears.Cochlear implant is be evaluated as the neural auxiliary device of up to the present developing the most successfully.
Ratified by U.S. food and FAD (FDA) since 1984, cochlear implant is widely used.In recent years, the multichannel cochlear implant has been proposed.The multichannel cochlear implant needs a plurality of electrodes, and to produce independent frequency signal, each frequency signal all maps to an ad-hoc location in the cochlea.The electrode signal that is complementary with frequency requirement is sent to the dendron of impaired hair cell below separately.
Fig. 1 is the sketch map of the inside receiving element 10 of traditional cochlear implant with a plurality of electrodes.This inside receives unit pack and draws together active electrode 10a and reference electrode 10b, and wherein the end A of active electrode is a spiral type, so that insert in the cochlea.Fig. 2 shows the exploded view of the end A of active electrode.Place, end at active electrode 10a is equipped with a plurality of electrodes 15, and each all provides the electricity irritation of characteristic frequency in these electrodes to the specific region of cochlea.
This about 35mm length of cochlear implant that comprises a plurality of electrodes may be damaged hair cell when inserting cochlea.In addition, the spiral end of electrode may cause the damage such as various organs such as hair cell, dendron or spiral ganglions, and can cause permanent hearing loss when it contact the inwall of cochlea.
The patient who has the multichannel cochlear implant makes an uproar in nothing, quietly shows to have about 80% voice recognition power in the environment.Yet the degree of discerning in the noise regions of a lot of people's talks can reduce.In addition, these people are difficult to enjoy music, especially show to show to have the tone sensitivity of non-constant.
In addition, there is multiple shortcoming in traditional multichannel cochlear implant, and for example, the cost costliness, operation is very complicated and cause the risk of disease.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that solves
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of new cochlear implant that the hearing ability of raising is provided.
Thereby another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cochlear implant that has simple structure and can provide to patient at lower cost.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of and is easy to implant and in operation process or guarantee the cochlear implant of safety after the operation with minimized risk.
By following detailed description, purpose of the present invention and feature will be conspicuous.
Technical scheme
Cochlear implant of the present invention provides the hearing ability of raising to the patient who is subjected to serious sensory nerve acoustic trauma.Cochlear implant of the present invention can be to almost can not or fully can not be helpful by the patient that sonifer is benefited.
Cochlear implant of the present invention comprises the inside receiving element of implanting body interior and received signal and is arranged on the outside and produces the sound processing unit of signal.Cochlear implant of the present invention can further comprise the supply unit that comprises set of cells or mains charger.
Electric power is by the supply unit supply.Mike receives simulated sound, and is sent to the sound processing unit that is used to handle sound.The output of signal processing unit is sent to inner receiving element by coil.User can be by improving or reduce the intensity that volume controls the sound that will transmit.
Described signal is transferred into the inside that is implanted in the health and receives unitary electrode, is sent to cochlea by this electrode then.This signal finally is passed to brain, and sound is identified.
In cochlear implant according to the present invention, inner receiving element is the receiver module that is implanted in body interior.This inside receiving element will be passed to cochlea from the electromagnetic wave that skin transmits, and comprise coil, Magnet and be configured to have the electrode of different-thickness.Preferably, described electrode is made by the platinum or the platinum alloy of biocompatibility.
Described sound processing unit is attached on the skin at user temples place, and fixes with respect to inner receiving element by magnetic pull.This sound processing unit changes the sound around the user into electromagnetic energy, and sends it to inner receiving element.This sound processing unit comprises mike, volume controller, coil, Magnet and electronic circuit.
The required electric power that is used to operate described sound processing unit can pass through set of cells or charger supply.For example, set of cells can be connected to this sound processing unit by compact adapter.
Different with traditional multichannel cochlear implant, allow side effect new and that simple operation produces minimum according to cochlear implant of the present invention.Traditional cochlear implant need form passage by removing bone, thereby inserts electrode by mastoidectomy.This operation is spent about 3 hours, and needs general paralysis.
By contrast, because cochlear implant according to the present invention has undersized inner receiving element, and each regional thickness difference of electrode, so it is easy to implant by the operation that for example runs through auditory meatus.Because the electrode according to cochlear implant of the present invention can insert in the little space that is formed between skin and the bone, so it can carry out mastoidectomy and implant.Operation can be finished in about 30 minutes or less time.And, can minimize the risk in the operation process, patient can recover their activity normally soon after operation.
Because in the little space between electrode insertion skin and the bone, so need exquisite design.For this reason, the inner reception in the unitary electrode, at least two zones of single active electrode line (preferred three zones) have different-thickness.Described electrode is inserted in the space that is formed between mastoid and the ear channel skin.This electrode wires (electrode wire) arrives the spiral ganglion of cochlea through the eardrum of middle ear.Like this, it is very dark that described electrode needn't insert cochlea, and can minimize in the operation process damage to cochlea.
Technique effect
The invention provides a kind of have simple structure and cochlear implant cheaply.This cochlear implant allows simple operation, and minimizes the risk of hair cell damage or skin damage and cause infection.And cochlear implant of the present invention can provide the hearing ability of raising, and need not be for a long time, treat after the implantation that continues.Expection the present invention improves the hearing ability of the people with audition fault.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 receives unitary sketch map for the inside of traditional cochlear implant.
Fig. 2 is the exploded view of the cochlear implant of regional A shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 receives unitary sketch map for the inside of cochlear implant of the present invention.
Fig. 4 receives unitary cutaway view for the inside of cochlear implant of the present invention.
Fig. 5 A and 5B are the sketch map according to active electrode of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the axonometric chart of the sound processing unit of cochlear implant of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the cutaway view of the sound processing unit inside of cochlear implant of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the sketch map of the external power source of cochlear implant of the present invention.
The serve as reasons sketch map of the signal processing that carries out according to cochlear implant of the present invention of Fig. 9.
Figure 10 is the flow chart that the implantation process of cochlear implant of the present invention is shown.
Figure 11 is the sketch map after cochlear implant of the present invention is implanted.
The specific embodiment
Hereinafter, the preferred embodiments of the present invention more at large are shown with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 3 receives unitary sketch map for the inside of cochlear implant of the present invention.Inner receiving element 100 comprises the receiving unit 110 and the electrode part of wireless receiving external signal.The electrode part branch comprises active electrode 120a and reference electrode 120b.
As shown in Figure 4, active electrode 120a is made up of three different zones of thickness.First area I links to each other with receiving unit 110.The thickness of second area II is less than the thickness of first area I, and the thickness of the 3rd area I II is less than the thickness of second area II.Replacedly, if necessary, the thickness of second area can be identical with the thickness in the 3rd zone.The thickness maximum of first area I, and rigidity is provided when inserting active electrode in the health.By contrast, second area II and the 3rd area I II make active electrode 120a can be easy to implant in the little space between mastoid and the skin, and the bone that can not wear and tear.The first area is the longest, and the 3rd zone is the shortest.The 3rd area I II finally is passed to cochlea as contact point in this contact point place electricity irritation.
Preferably, each at least a portion except electrode tip in active electrode and the reference electrode is coated with biocompatible material (for example, silicones or silicon resin compound).In this case, can first area I, second area II and the 3rd area I II be configured to have different thickness by the thickness of control biocompatibility coating.For example, active electrode 120a can constitute with the line with suitable thickness, and the first area can apply certain thickness biocompatibility coating, can be not coated and have the second area and the 3rd zone of less thickness.
The thickness of second area II is less than 0.5mm, preferably less than 0.3mm.If active electrode is constructed to have the aforesaid thickness that reduces gradually, active electrode can be inserted in the space that is formed between mastoid and the skin so.In addition, thus can prevent that active electrode from tearing skin and outwards splitting and causing the risk that infects.
Preferably, it is long that first area I and second area II are about 25～35mm separately, and the 3rd area I II is that 5～7mm is long.As mentioned below, the 3rd area I II inserts in the tympanic canal of cochlea, and electrical stimulation signal directly is passed to spiral ganglion.
Receiving unit 110 comprises the coil 112 that is used to receive the stimulus signal that comes from the outside and is used for fixing and being positioned at the external unit noncontact Magnet 114 of the enclosure interior of being made by biocompatible material (for example, polyether-ether-ketone).Coil 112 can be made by for example copper cash.
The shape of receiving unit 110 is not particularly limited, but is preferably disk.In this case, the diameter of receiving unit can be less than 22mm, preferably in the scope of 10mm to 18mm.And the thickness of receiving unit can be less than 4mm, preferably in the scope of 2mm to 3mm.Silicones can be filled in the enclosure interior of receiving unit.
Fig. 5 A illustrates the active electrode according to the embodiment of the invention.This active electrode 120a constitutes with the unitary electrode line, and ball electrode 122 is connected to the end of this electrode wires.Preferably, the diameter of ball electrode 122 is greater than the thickness of described line.Because the ball electrode, the surface of the end of active electrode is expanded, so the enlarged areas of electricity irritation, stimulates efficient thereby can improve.In addition, the ball electrode is guaranteed the contact reliability of active electrode and cochlea.
The ball electrode can be soldered to the end of described line, or forms as one with described line monoblock type.Shown in Fig. 5 B, the ball electrode can be connected to this line by the coupling part 123 thicker than described line.Coupling part 123 can guarantee to connect described line and ball electrode at contact point (A part).
Fig. 6 is the axonometric chart of the sound processing unit that is connected to the health outside of cochlear implant of the present invention, and Fig. 7 is the cutaway view of sound processing unit inside.
Described sound processing unit can be attached to for example ear back or temples place.Replacedly, this sound processing unit can be worn over around the ear by support component.
The intensity of volume controller 210 guide sound tone signal.Sound is by mike 220 inputs.Electronic circuit 250 is converted to the signal of telecommunication with acoustical signal, and after carrying out abundant modulated process, by sending coil 240 signal is sent to inner receiving element.
Jack 230 is arranged on a side of the housing of sound processing unit, to be electrically connected with external power source.Fig. 8 is the sketch map of the external power source of cochlear implant of the present invention.External power source 280 is a rechargeable battery, and is connected to sound processing unit by adapter.
The serve as reasons sketch map of the signal processing that carries out according to cochlear implant of the present invention of Fig. 9.
Figure 10 is the flow chart that the implantation process of cochlear implant of the present invention is shown.
A little S 1 of ear rear portion away from auricle is cut in the inside of surgeon's local paralysis auricle rear portion and/or outside auditory canal.Then, mastoid is separated S2 with ear channel skin.
Afterwards, carry out cochlea stoma operation (cochleastomy) S3 in the front portion of oeil de boeuf.Although there are differences between the patient, the cochlea stoma carries out at 3～5mm depths of performing the operation all in cochlea.Next, inner receiving element is inserted, so that the end of active electrode is inserted in the cochlea.The unitary reference electrode of inner reception is arranged on skin below S4.After inserting inner receiving element, sew up S5.
This operation that runs through auditory meatus has the following advantages: by electrode being inserted in the little space between skin and the bone, operation can simply be carried out under local paralysis, and performs the operation and can finish at short notice, and the risk in the operation process can be minimized.
Figure 11 is the sketch map after cochlear implant of the present invention is implanted.Inner receiving element 100 is implanted near the listening tube 310 of external ear 300.The unitary reference electrode 120b of inner reception inserts in the ear channel skin 330 of contiguous receiving unit 110.By contrast, active electrode 120a passes the little space that is formed between ear channel skin 330 and the ear bones 320, and extends to cochlea 360 through the eardrum 340 of middle ear 350.The end of active electrode 120a contacts with the spiral ganglion 365 of cochlea 360.
Another distinguishing characteristics according to cochlear implant of the present invention is that it directly stimulates the spiral ganglion of cochlea center, and can not stimulate the dendron that often is easy to impaired hair cell.Therefore, will not insert in the cochlea by electrode very darkly, and prevent the risk of damaged feather cell in the operation process substantially, operation also is highly susceptible to carrying out.The transport process of electricity irritation is very simple, that is, the sound that comes from the outside transfers to spiral ganglion by cochlear implant, and stimulates auditory nerve.And, because full spectrum signal directly transfers to spiral ganglion, and need not be by a plurality of electricity irritation based on frequency, so the tone sensitivity and the voice recognition capability that can obtain to improve.
According to described, should prove that the present invention can implant by the various devices in the aforementioned technical field, and can not destroy, influence or change the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, be understandable that example shown in this article and application belong to descriptive nature, rather than restriction the present invention.In addition, connotation of the present invention, scope and conceptual understanding and modifications and variations thus are interpreted as expansion of the present invention more widely.
Claims (7)
1. cochlear implant that is used to improve the impaired patient's of audition hearing ability, comprise and implant the intravital inner receiving element of body, this inside receives unit pack and draws together receiving unit and active electrode and the reference electrode that is used to receive external signal, wherein, described active electrode is used in the unitary electrode line formation that at least two zoness of different have different-thickness, and a ball electrode is connected to the end of this electrode wires.
2. cochlear implant as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the diameter of described ball electrode is greater than the thickness of described electrode wires.
3. cochlear implant as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described ball electrode is soldered to the end of described electrode wires.
4. cochlear implant as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described active electrode is included in the coupling part between described ball electrode and the described electrode wires, and this coupling part is thicker than described electrode wires.
5. cochlear implant as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described active electrode has three different zones of thickness: in abutting connection with the first area of described receiving unit, thickness is less than the second area of described first area thickness and thickness the 3rd zone less than described second area thickness.
6. cochlear implant as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described inside receives unitary active electrode by the first area of the described receiving unit of adjacency, than the second area of described first area weak point and three regional form shorter than described second area.
7. cochlear implant as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described receiving unit comprise the coil that is used to receive the electrical stimulation signal that comes from the outside and with the fixed Magnet of external unit noncontact.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910131708A CN101849871A (en) | 2009-03-31 | 2009-03-31 | Cochlea implant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910131708A CN101849871A (en) | 2009-03-31 | 2009-03-31 | Cochlea implant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101849871A true CN101849871A (en) | 2010-10-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910131708A Pending CN101849871A (en) | 2009-03-31 | 2009-03-31 | Cochlea implant |
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| CN (1) | CN101849871A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102908227A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-06 | 上海力声特医学科技有限公司 | Artificial cochlea implanting device with fixing members |
-
2009
- 2009-03-31 CN CN200910131708A patent/CN101849871A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102908227A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-06 | 上海力声特医学科技有限公司 | Artificial cochlea implanting device with fixing members |
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Application publication date: 20101006 |