CN101845993A - Transition gear and transition gear train - Google Patents
Transition gear and transition gear train Download PDFInfo
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- CN101845993A CN101845993A CN201010137624A CN201010137624A CN101845993A CN 101845993 A CN101845993 A CN 101845993A CN 201010137624 A CN201010137624 A CN 201010137624A CN 201010137624 A CN201010137624 A CN 201010137624A CN 101845993 A CN101845993 A CN 101845993A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a transition gear and a transition gear train, aiming at providing the simple, practical and high-efficiency gear and the gear train used as a force conversion system for a reciprocating piston type heat engine. The transition gear is an incomplete gear with deformed tooth profile, and the tooth profile is deformed so that the transition gear can be the one with close contact and repeatedly changed speed direction and speed degree to form a gear pair. The transition gear train at least comprises one transition gear. In the rack transition gear train, the transition rack is in close contact with the tooth profile of the transition gear to make equidirectional or reversed motion or to be stationary so that the rack moving in a reciprocating manner can transfer the motion to the transition gear without rigid compact and the pushing force of fuel gas can be redistributed to drive a crankshaft to rotate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gear and train, especially a kind of transition gear and transition train.
Background technique
Through the effort in more than 100 years, science and technology was fully realized the performance that comes and goes piston IC engine, fully improved the efficient of each component, just also can not find better power transformation mechanism and replaced crankshaft-link rod.Crankshaft-link rod is the sine generator scotch yoke of 0～π, and 0 point is arranged, velocity ratio average out to 2/ π, and less than 2/3 is a mechanism that needs displacement especially.Current, excessively the ecology influence to the earth is more and more serious for row's charcoal, and internal-combustion engine is the important source of row's charcoal, must energy-conservationly significantly subtract charcoal.Want the energy-conservation significantly charcoal that subtracts of internal-combustion engine, best bet is to replace crankshaft-link rod with the higher power transformation mechanism of efficient.
The intermittent motion mechanism of partial gear, because the unexpected variation of rotating speed can produce rigid impulse, thus be used for the occasion of low speed underloading more, can not be as the power transformation mechanism of internal-combustion engine.
At variable speed gear rotary piston power machine, because pressurized gas thrust is opposite with the combustion gas thrust direction, cancel out each other, be in relative underloading lower-speed state when making homodromous partial gear speed change, the buffering rigid impulse, therefore the full-depth tooth of can toing many or too much for use wheel is done alternately shift force transformation mechanism, but can not do the power transformation mechanism of piston back and forth movement.
In the invention of " gear torsional moment converter and reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission ", the too many or too much for use full-depth tooth wheel of saying so is done " gear torsional moment converter ", is with a kind of " partial gear of distortion " in fact.Because this gear has the transition gear teeth, proterties has produced great change, should be called transition gear, has the train of transition gear should be called the transition train.
Transition gear, transition train are the abnormal types of known gears, known train, mainly contain four differences greatly:
(fully) gear, flank profil is identical, and the gear teeth are complete, and the gear pair velocity ratio is fixed, direction of rotation.
Partial gear, flank profil is identical, and the gear teeth are incomplete, and the gear pair velocity ratio is fixed, direction of rotation or moving quiet.
Transition gear, the flank profil difference, the gear teeth are incomplete, and the gear pair velocity ratio is fixing, direction of rotation, identical or moving quiet.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, for come and go the hot machine of piston type provide a kind of simple, practical, make gear and the train that the power conversion system uses efficiently.
Discover, the motive force characteristics that come and go the hot machine of piston type are to come and go straight line motion, replace crankshaft-link rod with gear, need to use the tooth bar of back and forth movement, gear must not produce the steadily engagement of rigid impulse ground with reaching actionless tooth bar oppositely, in the same way, forms gear pair.Wherein the technology of most critical is before transmitting movement, must make the gear teeth contact closely in advance of transmitting movement, avoids rigid impulse.Meanwhile also want volume little, be not difficult to make, mechanical efficiency apparently higher than crankshaft-link rod, it is energy-conservation that to subtract the charcoal effect remarkable, replacing crankshaft-link rod has big benefit, just may obtain producer and accept, and is converted into productivity.Reach these harsh requirements, can only use transition gear, transition train.
The structure characteristic of transition gear: be the partial gear of flank profil distortion, flank profil is deformed into the gear that closely contact velocity direction and velocity magnitude change repeatedly, formation gear pair.Gear from motion in the same way, transfixion is to reversing motion, never transmit the motion to transmitting movement, the flank profil distortion of the tight contact before and after this transition, be to carry out the transition to engagement in order to adapt to not mesh from gear, adapt to the gear speed direction in the same way, static, heterodromous transition, adapting to does not have transmitting movement to carry out the transition to transmitting movement, forms the gear pair that does not have rigid impulse.This gear pair can transmit different velocity ratios from different speed of related movements.
In the transition gear, only containing the transition gear teeth is pure transition gear (as Fig. 1, Fig. 2); Containing the transition gear teeth and the transition gear teeth common gear teeth of parallel axes (being called for short the common gear teeth) in addition is mixed transition gear (as Fig. 3); The common name transition gear.
The structure characteristic of transition train is: contain a transition gear in train at least.Tooth bar is infinitely-great gear special case as diameter, is applied to the transition train, forms tooth bar transition train, common name transition train.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, transition gear can be divided into three parts: 1.-4. being the transition wheel toothed portion, 4.-5. is usually the wheel toothed portion, 4.-1., 5.-1. is nothing wheel toothed portion, usually the wheel toothed portion is zero to become pure transition gear, and non-vanishing is the mixed transition gear.The flank profil of the transition gear teeth is divided into three sections: the transition leading portion 1.-2., the transition stage casing 2.-3., the transition back segment 3.-4., transition stage casing flank profil can be very little, even be zero.
From Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 as can be known, 1.-2. the transition leading portion of flank profil is the slip changeover portion that contacts closely with retrograde motion flank profil, the flank profil of this section is charged into below the tooth top of gear pair, there are the gear teeth that prevent gear pair to separate, impact, and the gear teeth closely effect of contact before transmission of movement that forces gear pair, some gear teeth that can push gear pair arrives transition stage casing flank profil starting point 2. (Fig. 4).As long as can avoid rigid impulse, only need 2. closely contact of end sometimes.The transition stage casing 2.-3. with situation that the gear pair gear teeth closely contact under, accept the drive in the wrong direction rack force F of (Fig. 4) or static (Fig. 5, Fig. 6) of surface of contact, owing to very close to each otherly can not produce rigid impulse.On the other hand, as Fig. 4, tooth bar does not also arrive the terminal point of motion, and the rotation that transition stage casing flank profil 2.-3. increases gradually along with transition flank profil radius, continuation are pushed tooth bar at the terminal point of stroke.3.-4. the transition back segment is to move in the same way in tooth bar and transition gear contact, and tooth bar is pressed the flank profil that velocity ratio transmits thrust F to the transition gear teeth.
The transition train is applicable to that the hot machine of piston type makes the power transformation mechanism.The structure that is applied to round piston IC engine is given an example:
1, as Fig. 4～Fig. 7, two toothed rack, 3 back-to-back being fixed on two piston rods 7 between the cylinder in parallel, alternately mesh with two transition gears 1 respectively, two transition gears 1 are by rotating in the same way with the engagement of the middle gear teeth 5, and any gear shaft can be elected arbor 0 as.Wherein, the dotted portion of Fig. 7 prompting piston rod side can affixed tooth bar, by the tooth bar engagement of an intermediate gear 5 with another piston rod, makes two piston rod relative movement of four cylinders, reduces vibration.
2, as Fig. 8 solid line part, the piston rod 7 between two cylinders 6, above an affixed toothed rack 3, the affixed connecting rod 8 in next door, 3, one transition gears of the connecting rod affixed tooth bar in upper end 1 alternately mesh with this two toothed rack, form the transition train, combustion gas thrust F is converted into the torque of arbor 0.The affixed tooth bar of dotted line piston rod side, by the tooth bar engagement of intermediate gear 5 with the solid line piston rod, this transition train can be converted into crankshaft torque to the combustion gas thrust of four cylinders.
3, as Fig. 9 solid line part, two piston rods 7 of four cylinders 6 are in parallel affixed by connecting rod 8, every piston rod 7 has a toothed rack 3 and an alternately engagement of transition gear 1, two transition gears respectively have a coaxial bevel gear and the 3rd bevel gear engagement, make two transition gear direction of rotation, the axle of the 3rd bevel gear is an arbor 0.Solid line piston rod tooth bar is by intermediate gear 5 and the engagement of dotted line piston rod tooth bar, and a transition train can be converted into crankshaft torque to eight cylinder combustion gas thrusts.
4, as Figure 10 solid line part, two piston rods, 7 each affixed toothed rack 3 of four cylinders 6 and intermediate gear 5 engagements, the moving direction of two piston rods 7 is opposite; Article two, piston rod 7 affixed two toothed rack 3 in addition alternately mesh with two connecting shaft transition gears 1 respectively, and the axle of transition gear is an arbor 0.If dotted portion is identical with the structure of solid line part, piston rod of piston rod of solid line and dotted line is affixed with connecting rod 8, and 8 cylinder actings can be carried out power by this transition train and transform.
The advantage and the good effect of invention
1, transition train is redistributed the combustion gas thrust of internal-combustion engine, reduces the velocity ratio of tooth bar front travel than high thrust, and stroke makes the power of internal-combustion engine output more even than the velocity ratio of low thrust behind the raising tooth bar.
2, the velocity ratio that the tooth bar front travel is minimum is usually more than 70%, and owing to the top circle of tooth bar point of action at transition gear, the arm of force is than the big 1m of standard pitch circle, and arbor still can form very high torque.
3, the velocity ratio of stroke is the cosine merchant of 0～π/4 and 0～pi/2 behind the tooth bar, and the velocity ratio and the crankshaft torque in eventually last stage of stroke are big especially, help improving compression ratio, dwindle combustion chamber volume, improve effective thermal efficiency.
4, the crankshaft-link rod that replaces internal-combustion engine with the transition train, total effective thermal efficiency increases substantially, the specific power carbon reduction is obvious, to alleviate energy scarcity, reduce cost of production, to improve environmental protection significant.
5, come and go piston IC engine and replace crankshaft-link rod with the transition train, continue to use other structure, equipment, technology, existing internal-combustion engine plant is acceptant, upgrade, change the line of production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: monodentate transition gear schematic representation.Dotted line is the flank profil line of the common gear teeth of parallel axes that do not adopt.
Fig. 2: bidentate transition gear schematic representation.Dotted line is the flank profil line of the common gear teeth of parallel axes that do not adopt.
Fig. 3: mixed transition gear schematic representation.Dotted line is the flank profil line of the common gear teeth of parallel axes that do not adopt.
Fig. 4: monodentate transition train schematic representation.Dotted line is the back and forth movement track on tooth bar top.
Fig. 5: bidentate transition train schematic representation.Dotted line is the back and forth movement track on tooth bar top.
Fig. 6: mixed transition train schematic representation.Dotted line is the back and forth movement track on tooth bar top.
Fig. 7: back-to-back tooth bar transition train schematic representation in parallel.Gear, cylinder, the piston rod of dotted line for intending increasing.
Fig. 8: tooth is to tooth tooth bar transition in parallel train schematic representation.Gear, cylinder, the piston rod of dotted line for intending increasing.
Fig. 9: the tooth of affixed piston rod and tooth tooth bar bevel gear in parallel transition train schematic representation.
Figure 10: gear connects the tooth and the tooth tooth bar coaxial transition in parallel train schematic representation of piston rod.
The tooth bar gear teeth of Figure 11: Fig. 5 and transition gear teeth point of action motion track schematic representation.Wherein, dotted line is the tooth bar gear teeth and the transition gear teeth immediate status of point of action, and thick dashed line is the tooth bar gear teeth and transition gear teeth point of action track; Fine line q0 is the line of point of action q and transition gear axle center O, fine line qA
0Be that figure line is amplified in the side-looking of transition gear teeth action plane, the unmarked fine line that mistake q is ordered is the vertical line of directed force F.
The m point power of Figure 12: Figure 11 transforms schematic representation.Wherein, dotted line m0 is the line of point of action m and transition gear axle center O, fine line A
FBe tooth bar acting surface side-looking figure line, the unmarked dotted line that mistake m is ordered is the vertical line of directed force F.
The n point power of Figure 13: Figure 11 transforms schematic representation.Dotted line n0 is the line of point of action n and transition gear axle center O, fine line nA
0Be transition gear teeth acting surface side-looking figure line, the unmarked dotted line that mistake n is ordered is the vertical line of directed force F.
The p point power of Figure 14: Figure 11 transforms schematic representation.Dotted line p0 is the line of point of action p and transition gear axle center O, fine line pA
0Be transition gear teeth acting surface side-looking figure line, the unmarked dotted line that mistake p is ordered is the vertical line of directed force F.
The q point power of Figure 15: Figure 11 transforms schematic representation.Q point power conversion schematic representation by Figure 11 shifts out.Dotted line q0 is the line of point of action q and transition gear axle center O, fine line qA
0Be transition gear teeth acting surface side-looking figure line, the unmarked dotted line that mistake q is ordered is the vertical line of directed force F.
Reference character:
1---transition gear 2---the transition gear teeth 3---tooth bar 4---tooth bar transition tooth
5---gear 6---cylinder 7---piston rod 8---connecting rods
0---arbor 0 '---gear shaft A
0---transition gear stress surface A
F---the tooth bar acting surface
Center line intersection point between a---transition gear circle center line connecting and two parallel racks.
B---rack stroke opens some the intersection point of point of action on two parallel rack center lines to transition gear.
B '---rack stroke terminal point is to the intersection point of point of action on two parallel rack center lines of transition gear.
C---transition gear teeth stage casing is the 2. intersection point on two parallel rack center lines of starting point 2.-3..
The combustion gas of F---internal-combustion engine is by piston action thrust on piston rod, tooth bar.
F
1---F is converted into the torsion of transition gear.
F
2---F is converted into the flank profil pressure of the transition gear teeth.
F
3---tooth bar is subjected to the reaction force of transition gear.
F
0---F is to the active force of transition gear axle center O.
α '---the F point of action pushes away the angle to the half way of transition gear, promptly tooth bar leave F to the point of action of transition gear to the line of transition gear axis and the angle of two transition gear axial connecting line OO '.
α---F arrives the line of transition gear axis and the angle of OO ' at the point of action of transition gear.
β---transition gear tooth top promotes the angle, axle center that tooth bar moves.
γ---F is at line and the flank profil acting surface A of transition gear point of action to the transition gear axis
0Angle.
δ---angle, transition gear tooth top axle center
1.-4. being the flank profil part of the transition gear teeth, 4.-5. is usually the wheel toothed portion, 4.-1., 5.-1. is nothing wheel toothed portion.
Three sections of the flank profils of the transition gear teeth: the transition leading portion 1.-2., the transition stage casing 2.-3., the transition back segment 3.-4..
Embodiment
1, transition gear mode of execution:
Transition gear is that the basis is deformed into example with the flank profil data of common gear pair.As the dotted line of Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 involute profile for the gear pair with parallel axes that do not adopt, not having the wheel toothed portion 5.-1. or 4.-1. is the tooth root circular arc of common gear, usually 5.-4. the wheel toothed portion be involute profile, but tooth depth can lifting, facewidth increase (as the tooth bar of Fig. 5); 3.-4. the transition back segment is involute profile, but can change profile geometry as required; Transition stage casing 2.-3. flank profil is the tooth top of involute gear, still, can change part outside pitch line length and shape as Fig. 1, Fig. 4, promotes tooth bar and continues reach arrival stroke end; The transition leading portion is the crucial flank profil that prevents rigid impulse 1.-2. for to meet stressed transition flank profil, must closely contact tooth bar before the transition wheel toe joint is subjected to tooth bar thrust.Since the distance change in transition gear point of action and axle center, the rotational line speed V of transition gear force bearing point
0At any time change.The speed V of tooth bar back and forth movement
FAlso change at any time, tooth bar promotes the initial stage of transition gear, V
FBe significantly less than V
0, the closer to OO ', V
FMore near V
0, at OO ' V
F=V
0, be later on V
FGreater than V
0, the closer to rack stroke terminal point, V
FMore significantly greater than V
0Therefore, should be with V
F, V
0For variable is made transition leading portion integration flank profil line 2.-1..Can utilize V
0/ V
FWith F
1/ F is inversely proportional to and makees the flank profil line.As long as can avoid rigid impulse, only accurate sometimes a little the flank profil line held near 2. of making.
2, the transition train mode of execution of Fig. 5:
Fig. 5 is two transition gears of two toothed rack driven, the thrust of two cylinder combustion gas is converted into the schematic representation of arbor O.Figure 11 is Fig. 5 rack drives transition gear point of action track schematic representation, m, n, p, q are in the point of action track, and tooth top, the tooth bar root flank profil that the top flank profil of tooth bar acts on transition gear acts on that transition gear top flank profil, tooth bar top flank profil act on transition gear root flank profil, tooth bar top flank profil acts on four representational points of transition gear top flank profil.Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 14, Figure 15 are respectively the power transformation assay figure of m, n, p, four points of q.Can know from Fig. 5, Figure 11:
A, Figure 11, the center line bb ' between two toothed rack is a with two transition gear axial connecting line OO ' intersection points, and b, b ' they are respectively the stressed initial point of transition gear, the terminal point intersection points at bb ', are the boundary with OO ', and ab is a front travel, and ab ' is the back stroke, ab=ab '.If all on top circle, angle, tooth top axle center is δ to the transition gear tooth top, the angle, axle center of the stressed initial point of transition gear, terminal point is 2 α ', 2 α '+δ=pi/2, δ=pi/2 8, then α '=(pi/2-pi/2 8)/2=13 π/56.
Figure 12, transition gear radius and torsion F
1Vertically, F
1With the angle of F equal point of action to the line and 00 in the transition gear center of circle ' angle α, tooth bar top flank profil acts on the transition gear top, α '=13 π/56 when beginning to promote transition gear and doing work, substitution F
1=Fcos α=0.75F.0.75F promptly be the initial velocity ratio of tooth bar, transition gear.
B, Figure 13, when the root flank profil of tooth bar acted on the top flank profil of transition gear, F was converted into the vertical F of transition gear acting surface earlier
2, again by F
2Be converted into F
1, another component of F points to the transition gear axle center, so F
1=Fcos α.Along with α → 0, cos α=F
1/ F → 1, α=0 o'clock, F
1=F.Figure 14, Figure 15, at the back stroke, the tooth top that tooth bar top flank profil acts on transition gear root flank profil, tooth bar acts on transition gear top flank profil, establish tooth bar to the point of action of transition gear to transition gear axis line p0, q0 and transition gear acting surface A
0Angle be γ, F
2=F/cos (α+γ), F
1=F
2Cos γ=Fcos γ/cos (α+γ).Since γ → π/4, γ+α → pi/2, F
1The amplitude that increases surmounts the amplitude that F reduces, F
1Increasing, to such an extent as to F
1＞＞F.
From last surface analysis as can be known, the characteristics of Fig. 5 transition train power conversion are:
The velocity ratio of a, transition gear pair, minimum during the beginning transmitting movement, F
1/ F=75%＞2F/ π, therefore, the mechanical efficiency of transition gear pair is far above crankshaft-link rod.
The power that b, transition gear are redistributed combustion gas thrust transforms, and tooth bar front travel combustion gas thrust is big, F
1/ F=cos α, along with the tooth bar point of action is close to OO ', α → 0, F
1/ F → 1, stroke behind tooth bar, F
1/ F=Fcos γ/cos (α+γ), (α+γ) → pi/2, the later stage velocity ratio of back stroke increases rapidly, even F
1＞＞F, therefore, the transition gear internal-combustion engine can make full use of the acting of combustion gas thrust, makes efficient higher, and power output is more even, more reasonable.
The end last stage F of c, rack stroke
1＞＞F helps improving compression ratio, improves the effective efficiency of internal-combustion engine.
D, the combustion gas thrust of stroke is converted into the velocity ratio of crankshaft torque before, during and after the tooth bar, is not difficult to find out, the mechanical total efficiency that transition train power transforms is higher, is tending towards 100%.
The transmission of e, motion suits to be delivered to transition gear from tooth bar.
F, help doing the internal-combustion engine of small combustion chamber, little air displacement, make total effective thermal efficiency higher.
The power conversion embodiment of making the four cylinder four-stroke diesel engine with Fig. 5, Fig. 7 transition train is an example:
Starter is installed on two gear shafts between the piston rod.After the startup, cylinder 1,2,3,4, according to acting, exhaust, air inlet, four strokes of compression circular work successively, each piston actuated arbor pi/2 is finished four strokes, and internal-combustion engine gas driven arbor rotates 2 π.Utilize rack stroke powerful thrust in latter stage to strengthen compression ratio, improve power and efficient.
Last eventually in compression, the fuel blast, piston-tooth bar does not move at once and does work, but waits for transition gear 1 rotation δ degree, just drives transition gear with bigger initial thrust after fuel combustion is more abundant and does work.A piston acting, the gear 5 between the piston rod 7 makes two piston rod 7 relative movement, and the vibration of the inertia motion of cancelling out each other drives other three pistons and finishes exhaust, air inlet, compression stroke.
3, the transition train embodiment of Fig. 4:
Fig. 4 is the train of the pure transition gear of monodentate.Tooth bar be converted into the transition gear shaft torque and Fig. 5 basic identical, different is: 1, Fig. 5 is a bidentate transition train, Fig. 4 is a monodentate transition train.2, the tooth bar of Fig. 5 a stroke only with a transition gear generation power transformation, stroke of the tooth bar of Fig. 4 and two transition gear generation power transformations, after to be tooth bar with combustion gas thrust be converted into a transition gear moment of torsion, the stroke of tooth bar does not stop, and is driven by the tooth top of another transition gear to move on again.The purpose of doing like this is to make piston finish merit to move on later on and leave cylinder, allows air enter cylinder from the piston limit, discharges from valve, reaches the ventilation purpose.Because the arc that the tooth top of monodentate transition gear overlaps with top circle is very long, to the firing chamber adequate time burning is arranged on the one hand, be to allow cylinder that sufficient time of exchanging gas is arranged on the other hand.Therefore, the transition train of Fig. 4 is fit to do the power transformation mechanism of two stroke IC engine.The about pi/2 of rack stroke drives crankshaft, four cylinder drives crankshaft, 2 π are so it is more reasonable to do the power transformation mechanism of four cylinder two-stroke internal-combustion engines.
4, the transition train embodiment of Fig. 6:
The transition wheel of Fig. 6 is the mixed transition train, be characterized in: transition gear is mixed with the transition gear teeth and the common gear teeth, stroke of tooth bar drives transition gear (arbor) and rotates 1 π, the crankshaft ﹠ connecting of a stroke also is that drives crankshaft is rotated 1 π, therefore conveniently carries out the comparison of two kinds of power transformation mechanisms.
Fig. 6, Figure 11, it is 2 α ' that the rack drives transition gear teeth rotate maximum angle, and the angle, tooth top axle center of the transition gear teeth is δ, and the angle, axle center of the gear teeth is θ usually, then δ+2 α '+θ=π.After transition gear inertia rotated the δ degree, the rack drives transition gear teeth rotated α ', then drove the common gear teeth and rotated the θ degree, and the gear teeth of last tooth bar drive last common gear teeth and rotate α ', and transition gear has changeed 1 π.Wherein, the time that transition gear rotates δ is the time that combustion gas is not burnt in the firing chamber with doing work, makes fuel gas buring more complete, and producing more, high thrust F drives transition gear teeth rotation α ' degree.Make transition gear standard pitch diameter d=mz=10 * 12=120mm, tip diameter d
a=mz+2m=10 * 12+2 * 10=140mm, Outside radius R=70mm, tooth bar top movement locus is to transition gear axis distance h=R-2m=70-2 * 10=50mm, cos α '=h/R=50/70=0.7143, according to Figure 12, cos α '=0.7143=F
1/ F, 0.7143 is the initial velocity ratio of transition gear.If cylinder bore is 100mm, the bent axle radius of gyration r ≈ 110/2=55mm that crankshaft-link rod power transforms, R/r=70/55, R=1.273r changes into identical radius ratio than torque, transition gear arbor initial moment T
R=0.714FR * 1.273r/R=0.909Fr, crankshaft torque T
rMaximum value only for the torque of combustion gas maximum thrust about 0.8, initial moment has surmounted the peak torque of bent axle.
Rack stroke s
1=Rsin α=R (1-cos
2α)
0.5=70 * 0.714=50mm.The standard pitch circle arc length s of 2 teeth
2=(2 π * 2/12) mz=10 * 12 π/3=40 π=125.6mm, rack stroke s=2s
1+ s
2=2 * 50+125.6=225.6mm.The stroke of transition gear internal-combustion engine is long, and exhaust gas temperature is lower than crankshaft internal combustion engine, and the thermal efficiency is higher.
The tooth bar gear teeth drive the last gear teeth usually and rotate α ' time, and velocity ratio increases.Suppose: during γ+α=85 ° α=42 °, F
1/ F=cos α/cos (α+γ)=0.7431/0.08522=8.5, F
1=8.5F is more near 90 °F
1/ F is big more, F
1Can be suitable with gas explosion initial thrust F, the power of very big compression ratio can be provided to the cylinder of compression stroke, crankshaft internal combustion engine then provides compression ratio by negative work fully.
The Changing Pattern of transition train velocity ratio: tooth bar promotes the initial velocity ratio i of transition gear
0=0.714, tooth bar front travel i → 1, the velocity ratio of the gear teeth is F usually
1=F, stroke velocity ratio F behind the tooth bar
1＞F, transmission end stage F
1＞＞F.At the transmission initial stage, in the slewing area of about α/2, the transition gear teeth arm of force is an Outside radius, and crankshaft torque improves a lot, and the actual initial moment of this example improves 0.909-0.714=19.5%, when transition gear turns to α=35 °, and F
1/ F=cos35 °=0.8192, T
R=0.8192FR * 1.273r/R=1.043Fr, when α=22 °, F
1/ F=cos22 °=0.9272, T
R=0.9272FR * 1.273r/R=1.18Fr.
This shows that the transition gear internal-combustion engine is compared with crankshaft internal combustion engine, have four big advantages at least:
At the beginning of A, the gas driven: the crankshaft internal combustion engine velocity ratio is 0, and transition gear velocity ratio in beginning surmounts the crankshaft-link rod average ratios, produces to surmount the bent axle peak torque, and increases rapidly, helps low row, high efficiency internal combustion engine that transition gear is done small combustion chamber.
B, arbor peak torque: the transition gear internal-combustion engine is greater than crankshaft internal combustion engine.
C, gas driven latter stage: the velocity ratio of transition gear internal-combustion engine is much larger than combustion gas thrust, can make full use of tail gas and do work and provide power to compression ratio, and crankshaft internal combustion engine velocity ratio → 0 provides compression ratio by negative work.
D, the thermal efficiency: transition gear engine exhaust gas temperature is lower than crankshaft internal combustion engine waste gas, and the thermal efficiency is higher.
5, make internal-combustion engine with the structure of Fig. 8 and use gear few especially, transition gear of 2 toothed rack is only used in two cylinders actings, and a gear, transition gear and two toothed rack are only used in four cylinder actings, but vibration is bigger.
6, making internal-combustion engine with the structure of Fig. 9 needs three bevel gears, and four cylinder acting vibrations are big, and eight cylinder acting vibrations are little.
7, make internal-combustion engine with the structure of Figure 10, vibrate for a short time, few with gear, the transition train of four～eight cylinders acting is made up of engaging gear in the middle of two transition gears and corresponding tooth bar and the tooth bar.
8, Figure 14, Figure 15, rack drives gear, transition gear are subjected to reaction force F
3Effect, therefore, add slide block, pulley in case of necessity in the relevant position, avoid the tooth bar distortion, avoid piston to be pressed on the cylinder wall.
Claims (10)
1. the partial gear of flank profil distortion, the flank profil of distortion can closely contact motion in the same way, transfixion, heterodromous gear, constitutes gear pair.
2. contain the partial gear of a flank profil distortion at least, can closely contact motion in the same way, transfixion, reversing motion gear, constitute the train of gear pair.
3. gear mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the incomplete gear teeth of flank profil distortion can closely contact motion in the same way, transfixion, the heterodromous gear pair gear teeth.
4. gear mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: tooth top can be out of shape, and constitutes corresponding gear pair.
5. gear mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: tooth depth can change, and constitutes corresponding gear pair.
6. gear mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the facewidth can change, and constitutes corresponding gear pair.
7. gear mechanism according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the partial gear of flank profil distortion can closely contact motion in the same way, transfixion, heterodromous tooth bar formation train.
8. gear mechanism according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: two gears and intermediate gear engagement and rotate in the same way, the partial gear of two flank profil distortion is affixed these two gears respectively, can distinguish and closely contact motion in the same way, transfixion, heterodromous two affixed tooth bars, the formation train.
9. gear mechanism according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the partial gears of two affixed flank profil distortion, and can distinguish and closely contact motion in the same way, transfixion, heterodromous two heterodromous tooth bars, constitute train.
10. gear mechanism according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the partial gear of a flank profil distortion, can closely contact motion in the same way, transfixion, heterodromous two mutual affixed tooth bars from the centre respectively, and constitute train.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201010137624A CN101845993A (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2010-04-01 | Transition gear and transition gear train |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201010137624A CN101845993A (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2010-04-01 | Transition gear and transition gear train |
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| CN101845993A true CN101845993A (en) | 2010-09-29 |
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