CN101845594A - Martensitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Martensitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101845594A CN101845594A CN200910048200A CN200910048200A CN101845594A CN 101845594 A CN101845594 A CN 101845594A CN 200910048200 A CN200910048200 A CN 200910048200A CN 200910048200 A CN200910048200 A CN 200910048200A CN 101845594 A CN101845594 A CN 101845594A
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Abstract
The invention discloses martensitic stainless steel, which has the characteristics of high hardness, high corrosion resistance, excellent processing performance and low production cost and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.22 to 0.30 percent of C, less than 1.0 percent of Si, 1.0 to 2.0 percent of Mn, less than 0.030 percent of P, less than 0.010 percent of S, 12.0 to 15.0 percent of Cr, 0.070 to 0.120 percent of N, 0.02 to 0.15 percent of V, the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The invention also discloses a method for manufacturing the martensitic stainless steel. The method does not add any production process, is easy to control and comprises the following steps of: (1) heating billet steel or continuous casting billet at the temperature of between 1,100 and 1,250 DEG C; (2) finishing final rolling at the temperature of over 900 DEG C; (3) annealing at the temperature of between 800 and 900 DEG C; and (4) performing normalizing treatment at the temperature of between 1,000 and 1,200 DEG C.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ferrous metallurgy field, specifically, relate to a kind of Martensite Stainless Steel and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Stainless steel knife should have high hardness and excellent corrosion resisting performance with steel, compares with other stainless steels, and Martensite Stainless Steel has advantages such as the strong and low cost of manufacture of hardness height, wear-resistant ability, is mainly used in to make cutter and cut class five metals cutter.But, common Martensite Stainless Steels such as 2-4Cr13 commonly used at present mainly rely on the hardness that adds in the steel after carbon improves steel thermal treatment, yet the carbon that ought add more for a long time, the solidity to corrosion of steel compares relatively poor, when carbon content more after a little while hardness do not reach requirement again, how to make Martensite Stainless Steel have high rigidity simultaneously and good solidity to corrosion is a difficult problem that receives much attention always.Intensity, hardness after also requiring steel grade annealed in the cutter manufacturing processed are lower, and have good unit elongation, so that processing such as cold rolling, shearings, yet along with the increase of carbon content, the difficulty that becomes of the cold working after the annealing.In order to make steel grade be easy to processing, and after thermal treatment, have high hardness and good solidity to corrosion simultaneously, people have done many research work at Martensite Stainless Steel.
CN1145644A improves hardness by add high-carbon (0.15%-0.40%) in steel, and the adding molybdenum improves solidity to corrosion; JP2008163452, EP496350, JP5287456 and CN1624182A belong to nitrogenous Martensite Stainless Steel, wherein JP2008163452 and CN1624182A reduce carbon in the steel, add a certain amount of nitrogen and improve hardness and solidity to corrosion on the basis of 2Cr13, utilize manganese to improve hardness among the EP496350, and add molybdenum, copper raising solidity to corrosion, except adding molybdenum, also added nickel among the JP5287456.Yet, in steel, add higher carbon content the corrosion resistance nature of material is descended; In steel, add precious metals such as molybdenum, copper and can improve the corrosion resistance nature of material, but can cause the increase of material cost; Though the adding of nitrogen also can improve the hardness of material, nitrogen solid solubility in the constant-pressure and high-temperature ferrite is less, and the amount of its adding is limited, therefore, relies on nitrogen to improve hardness separately and also is restricted.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of Martensite Stainless Steel, and its hardness high anti-corrosion is good, has good processing properties, and production cost is low.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of manufacture method of Martensite Stainless Steel, and it can produce the Martensite Stainless Steel with high rigidity, good solidity to corrosion and excellent machinability.
Martensite Stainless Steel provided by the present invention, its composition quality per-cent is C:0.22-0.30, Si :≤1.0, Mn:1.0-2.0, P :≤0.030, S :≤0.010, Cr:12.0-15.0, N:0.070-0.120, V:0.02-0.15, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Preferably, the C mass percent is 0.22-0.26;
Preferably, the Cr mass percent is 13.0-14.0;
Preferably, the V mass percent is 0.08-0.15.
Below the Design Mechanism of alloying constituent of the present invention is elaborated:
Carbon: carbon is the principal element of hardness after the raising material normalizing thermal treatment, but carbon and chromium reaction form compound, and the amount of the carbide of the high more formation chromium of carbon content is many more, and the formation meeting of the carbide of chromium forms poor chromium district in steel, the solidity to corrosion of steel is descended, and its content is controlled at 0.22-0.30%.
Silicon: silicon joins in the steel mainly as reductor, and silicon also is a kind of alloying element simultaneously, plays the solution strengthening effect, and at silicon aspect the raising high temperature oxidation resistance tangible effect is arranged also.But therefore ductility variation when silicone content is high in the steel considers that from the workability that improves Martensite Stainless Steel its content should be greater than 1.0%.
Manganese: manganese be deoxidant element be again the intensity that the solution strengthening element can significantly improve steel, the manganese that adds high level can improve the hardness after the steel normalizing, but the manganese too high levels is unfavorable for improving the processibility after the steel annealing, its content is controlled at 1.0-2.0%.
Phosphorus: phosphorus is harmful element, and phosphorus gathers partially near crystal boundary easily and reduces solidity to corrosion, and its content should be lower than 0.030%.
Sulphur: sulphur also is harmful element, and not only sulfide can produce hot-short but also can reduce solidity to corrosion, and its content is controlled at and is lower than 0.010% to avoid the deleterious effect of sulphur usually.
Chromium: in order to guarantee stainless solidity to corrosion, chromium content is controlled at 12.0-15.0%, and during the chromium too high levels, production cost improves.
Nitrogen: nitrogen is a kind of interstitial atom, has the solution strengthening effect, can improve the hardness after the steel normalizing.Separate out the pore that produces but excessive nitrogen can cause in the strand because of nitrogen, its content is controlled at 0.070-0.120%.
Vanadium: vanadium is strong carbon, nitride element, and it is higher that the vanadium in the steel is separated out temperature, can crystal grain thinning, and also vanadium combines with carbon, nitrogen prior to chromium, can suppress the segregation of carbon, helps improving homogeneity of structure and solidity to corrosion.But during the too high levels of vanadium, the nitride of vanadium can grow up and make processing characteristics to worsen, and its content is controlled at 0.02-0.15%.
Martensite Stainless Steel provided by the present invention can be made by the following method, and it comprises:
(1) steel billet or continuously cast bloom are at 1100-1250 ℃ of temperature range internal heating;
(2) finish finish to gauge more than 900 ℃;
(3) in 800-900 ℃ of temperature range, anneal;
(4) in 1000-1200 ℃ of temperature range, carry out normalizing treatment.
Preferably, the annealing time of step (3) is 3-30 hour;
Preferably, the soaking time of step (4) is 10-30 minute.
Further specify the processing parameter of manufacture method below:
Steel billet or continuously cast bloom make the austenite structure homogenizing at 1100-1250 ℃ of temperature range internal heating, guarantee that steel billet or continuously cast bloom have enough ductibilitys, and carbon, nitrogen compound are fully dissolved, and make homogenization of composition;
Finish hot rolling finish to gauge more than 900 ℃, higher finishing temperature can partly be eliminated work hardening;
In 800-900 ℃ temperature range, anneal then, make organizing after the hot rolling finish recrystallize basically, eliminate work hardening fully; Make carbon, nitrogen compound fully separate out, at utmost softener material helps the processing of material;
Steel normalizing in 1000-1200 ℃ of temperature range by above method production, higher normalizing temperature can guarantee that the material austenitizing is abundant on the one hand, carbon, nitrogen compound are fully dissolved, the material of normalizing has the Rockwell hardness number that is higher than 56HRC in this temperature range, and has good solidity to corrosion.
The advantage that the present invention compared with prior art has is:
(1) Martensite Stainless Steel provided by the invention has good processing properties and the Rockwell hardness number that is higher than 56HRC, can satisfy the needs that the five metals cutter is made, and having good solidity to corrosion, this steel grade does not add precious metals such as molybdenum, copper, low production cost simultaneously;
(2) manufacture method of Martensite Stainless Steel provided by the invention can produce the Martensite Stainless Steel that satisfies five metals cutter manufacturing requirement, and does not wherein increase extra production process, is easy to control.
The contrast of the composition of similar steel grade sees Table 1 in Martensite Stainless Steel of the present invention and the prior art.
The chemical ingredients of the relevant Martensite Stainless Steel patent of table 1 is (wt.%) relatively
Embodiment
Obtain steel ingot with vacuum induction furnace smelting, steel ingot is placed in the process furnace, be warming up to 1250 ℃ with 80 ℃/hour, be incubated 3.5 hours; In 900-1200 ℃ of temperature range, forge into the thick steel billet of 40mm then; Be rolled into the thick steel plate of 5mm again; Heat-treat then; Measure performance at last.
Concrete chemical ingredients, preparation technology and processing characteristics, hardness and the erosion resistance of embodiment and Comparative Examples see Table 2-5 respectively, and wherein Comparative Examples 1, Comparative Examples 2 and Comparative Examples 3 are respectively typical 4Cr13,3Cr13 and 2Cr13 steel; Represent embodiments of the invention A-E in the table 3, its yield strength less than 370MPa, the maximum tensile strength be 660MPa, unit elongation greater than 27.5%, have good processing properties; Rockwell hardness after embodiment A in the table 4-E normalizing reaches more than the 56HRC, and hardness value is higher than 2Cr13, and with 3Cr13,4Cr13 in same level; Table 5 is that sample concentration under 35 ℃ of conditions is the pitting potential value in 3.5% the NaCl solution, and the pitting potential of embodiment A-E is higher than 3Cr13 and 4Cr13, and promptly its pitting corrosion resistance is better than 3Cr13 and 4Cr13.
Comprehensive, Martensite Stainless Steel provided by the present invention is functional, can be used in to make high rigidity, high corrosion resisting stainless steel cutter, and it has, and production cost is low, technology is easy to characteristics such as control.
The chemical ingredients of table 2 embodiment and Comparative Examples (wt.%)
| Embodiment | ??C | ??Si | ??Mn | ??P | ??S | ??Cr | ??N | ??V |
| ??A | ??0.26 | ??0.4 | ??1.4 | ??0.02 | ??0.003 | ??13.3 | ??0.104 | ??0.11 |
| ??B | ??0.30 | ??0.5 | ??1.0 | ??0.01 | ??0.010 | ??14.5 | ??0.120 | ??0.08 |
| Embodiment | ??C | ??Si | ??Mn | ??P | ??S | ??Cr | ??N | ??V |
| ??C | ??0.24 | ??0.9 | ??1.5 | ??0.02 | ??0.008 | ??15.0 | ??0.072 | ??0.03 |
| ??D | ??0.22 | ??0.3 | ??2.0 | ??0.02 | ??0.005 | ??13.4 | ??0.094 | ??0.15 |
| ??E | ??0.23 | ??0.1 | ??1.6 | ??0.03 | ??0.002 | ??12.0 | ??0.097 | ??0.10 |
| Comparative Examples 1 | ??0.43 | ??0.3 | ??0.5 | ??0.02 | ??0.007 | ??13.7 | ??0.032 | ??0.01 |
| Comparative Examples 2 | ??0.32 | ??0.2 | ??0.5 | ??0.02 | ??0.010 | ??13.6 | ??0.013 | ??0.01 |
| Comparative Examples 3 | ??0.22 | ??0.3 | ??0.7 | ??0.03 | ??0.002 | ??13.3 | ??0.022 | ??0.01 |
The technology of table 3 embodiment and Comparative Examples and performance
| Embodiment | Heating temperature | Finishing temperature | Annealing process | ??R p0.2/MPa | ??R m/Mpa | ??A 50/％ |
| ??A | ??1150℃ | ??930℃ | 820 ℃ * 4 hours | ??368 | ??660 | ??29.6 |
| ??B | ??1250℃ | ??970℃ | 860 ℃ * 4 hours | ??310 | ??655 | ??27.5 |
| ??C | ??1200℃ | ??950℃ | 900 ℃ * 4 hours | ??302 | ??642 | ??28.0 |
| ??D | ??1150℃ | ??940℃ | 860 ℃ * 4 hours | ??308 | ??640 | ??29.2 |
| ??E | ??1100℃ | ??900℃ | 800 ℃ * 4 hours | ??332 | ??660 | ??28.8 |
| Comparative Examples 1 | ??1250℃ | ??980℃ | 860 ℃ * 4 hours | ??305 | ??660 | ??24.5 |
| Comparative Examples 2 | ??1250℃ | ??980℃ | 860 ℃ * 4 hours | ??290 | ??595 | ??29.0 |
| Comparative Examples 3 | ??1200℃ | ??980℃ | 860 ℃ * 4 hours | ??280 | ??585 | ??31.5 |
Hardness after table 4 embodiment and the Comparative Examples normalizing treatment (being incubated 20 minutes)
The pitting potential of table 5 embodiment and Comparative Examples
Claims (8)
1. Martensite Stainless Steel, its composition quality per-cent is C:0.22-0.30, Si :≤1.0, Mn:1.0-2.0, P :≤0.030, S :≤0.010, Cr:12.0-15.0, N:0.070-0.120, V:0.02-0.15, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2. Martensite Stainless Steel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the C mass percent is 0.22-0.26.
3. Martensite Stainless Steel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the Cr mass percent is 13.0-14.0.
4. Martensite Stainless Steel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the V mass percent is 0.08-0.15.
5. Martensite Stainless Steel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, C, Cr and V mass percent are: C:0.22-0.26, Cr:13.0-14.0 and V:0.08-0.15.
6. as the manufacture method of any one described Martensite Stainless Steel of claim 1-5, comprising:
(1) steel billet or continuously cast bloom are at 1100-1250 ℃ of temperature range internal heating;
(2) finish finish to gauge more than 900 ℃;
(3) in 800-900 ℃ of temperature range, anneal;
(4) in 1000-1200 ℃ of temperature range, carry out normalizing treatment.
7. the manufacture method of Martensite Stainless Steel as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the annealing time of step (3) is 3-30 hour.
8. as the manufacture method of claim 6 or 7 described Martensite Stainless Steels, it is characterized in that the soaking time of step (4) is 10-30 minute.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104711482A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-06-17 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | Nitrogen-controlled martensitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| EP3034642A4 (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2017-04-26 | Nippon Steel & Sumikin Stainless Steel Corporation | Martensitic stainless steel having excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and method for producing same |
| CN108396232A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-08-14 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Middle carbon martensitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN108642391A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-10-12 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Martensitic stain less steel and preparation method thereof |
-
2009
- 2009-03-25 CN CN200910048200A patent/CN101845594A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3034642A4 (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2017-04-26 | Nippon Steel & Sumikin Stainless Steel Corporation | Martensitic stainless steel having excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and method for producing same |
| CN104711482A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-06-17 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | Nitrogen-controlled martensitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108396232A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-08-14 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Middle carbon martensitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN108642391A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-10-12 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Martensitic stain less steel and preparation method thereof |
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Open date: 20100929 |