CN101844271A - Friction welding method of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft - Google Patents

Friction welding method of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101844271A
CN101844271A CN 201010178555 CN201010178555A CN101844271A CN 101844271 A CN101844271 A CN 101844271A CN 201010178555 CN201010178555 CN 201010178555 CN 201010178555 A CN201010178555 A CN 201010178555A CN 101844271 A CN101844271 A CN 101844271A
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titanium
aluminum alloy
tempered steel
quenched
steel shaft
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杜随更
傅莉
王剑
汪志斌
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a friction welding method of a titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and a 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft, which aims to solve the technical problem that when the titanium-aluminum alloy turbine rotor and the quenched and tempered steel shaft are connected by the current method, the tensile strength of a joint is low. The invention has the technical scheme that an embedded groove in a shape of a solid of revolution is processed at one side of the titanium-aluminum alloy turbine; in the welding process, the welding end surface of the turbine shaft has friction with the welding surface of the embedded groove of the titanium-aluminum alloy turbine; and by controlling the friction shortening amount, the casting fins formed at the turbine shaft side are fully filled into the embedded groove. Thus dual effects of metallurgical bonding and mechanical connection of the welding surface are achieved, and the tensile strength of the joint of connecting pieces at room temperature is increased from 390MPa in the background art to 480-537MPa.

Description

The friction welding method of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft
Technical field
The present invention relates to the friction welding method of a kind of friction welding method, particularly titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft.
Background technology
Intermatallic Ti-Al compound TiAl base alloy (being designated hereinafter simply as titanium-aluminium alloy) has advantages such as low-density, high strength, good high-temperature mechanical property and non-oxidizability, and compare with nickel base superalloy, quality also can alleviate 40%, thereby be suitable for especially that engine high-temperature is heat insulation, the high temperature moving component, as the manufacturing of turbine in the exhaust-driven turbo-charger exhaust-gas turbo charger.
Document 1 " number of patent application is 20051001040.6 Chinese patent " discloses the high strength connecting method of a kind of TiAl base alloy charging turbine and steel axle, and this method is a kind of welding method of vacuum brazing combination.Mainly be that machining internal thread on the steel axle is coated solder again on internal thread and external screw thread, the method for utilizing the mechanical snap and the mode of soldering combination that charging turbine is connected with the steel axle in vacuum environment at TiAl base alloy charging turbine axle threading.The room temperature shear strength of joint is 105～110MPa.This method is owing to use solder, and solder may melt and waits the performance decline that makes welding point under high-temperature condition.
Document 2 " TiAl intermetallic compound and NiCr20TiAl friction welding analysis " electric welding machine " Wang Zhongping, Zhong Yan, Zhang Lijun, straight boat are rolled up the 35th～37 page of the 9th phase in September the 34th in 2004 " discloses a kind of utilize Orthogonal Experiment and Design principle analysis TiAl intermetallic compound and NiCr20TiAl friction welding, and draw TiAl and NiCr20TiAl friction welding and optimize technological specification and be: friction pressure 3.60Mpa, upsetting force 5.22MPa, fraction time is 4.5s, and upset time is 5s; Joint room temperature hot strength can reach more than the 390MPa.
Document 3 " number of patent application is 97125874.0 Chinese patent " discloses the method for attachment of a kind of Ti-Al alloy turbine rotor and quenched and tempered steel shaft, this method processes an axle at turbine rotor, on nickel base superalloy K418, process a hole jacket, under high-temperature condition, utilize interference fit that the turbine rotor shaft forge hot is pressed into the nickel base superalloy cover, utilize friction welding method that quenched and tempered steel is connected with the nickel base superalloy cover again.The hot strength of utilizing this method can reach in the time of 500 ℃ is about 223MPa, owing to be not metallurgical binding between nickel base superalloy and the TiAl, material physical property difference may be at high temperature or the phenomenon of press-offing can be occurred when rotating at a high speed.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome existing method when connecting Ti-Al alloy turbine rotor and quenched and tempered steel shaft, the deficiency that joint tensile strength is low the invention provides the friction welding method of a kind of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft.This method is at first processed the embedded groove of revolution shape in titanium-aluminum alloy turbine one side, the embedded groove solder side of the welding end surface of turbine wheel shaft and titanium-aluminum alloy turbine friction in the welding process, by control friction shortening amount, the overlap that makes the turbine wheel shaft side form is filled full embedded groove, thereby reach the metallurgical binding of solder side and the double effects of mechanical connection, can improve the tensile strength of connector.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems: the friction welding method of a kind of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(a) titanium-aluminum alloy turbine is heated to 600～700 ℃, insulation 1.5～3h carries out destressing heat treatment;
(b) process the embedded groove of revolution shape in titanium-aluminum alloy turbine one side;
(c) titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft surface to be welded are polished, and clear up with acetone;
(d) titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft are clamped in the mobile anchor clamps and rolling clamp of spin friction welding machine the center of the axes alignment titanium-aluminum alloy turbine one side embedded groove of 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft respectively;
(e) spindle motor on the friction-welding machine rotates at a high speed by main shaft, rolling clamp driving 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft, application of force oil cylinder by slide unit, mobile anchor clamps drive titanium-aluminum alloy turbine gradually near and be pressed on the 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft of rotation at a high speed, friction pressure is 330～500MPa;
(f) rolling clamp stops the rotation, and application of force oil cylinder applies upsetting force, upsetting force 590～800MPa, dwell time 4～6s;
(g) postheating and temper, 600～650 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, temperature retention time are 1.5～2h.
After described quenched and tempered steel shaft and the intermediate materials welding, again intermediate materials is aimed at embedded groove and weld.
After described titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and the intermediate materials casting, again intermediate materials and quenched and tempered steel shaft are welded.
Described intermediate materials be high temperature alloy or titanium alloy any.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: owing to process the embedded groove of revolution shape in titanium-aluminum alloy turbine one side, the embedded groove solder side of the welding end surface of turbine wheel shaft and titanium-aluminum alloy turbine friction in the welding process, by control friction shortening amount, the overlap that makes the turbine wheel shaft side form is filled full embedded groove, thereby reach the metallurgical binding of solder side and the double effects of mechanical connection, connector joint room temperature hot strength is brought up to 480～537MPa by the 390MPa of background technology.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is elaborated.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the inventive method embodiment 1 welding process schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the inventive method embodiment 1 welding process schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the inventive method embodiment 2,3 welding process schematic diagrames.
Fig. 4 is the inventive method embodiment 2,3 welding process schematic diagrames.
Fig. 5 is the inventive method embodiment 4 welding process schematic diagrames.
Fig. 6 is the inventive method embodiment 4 welding process schematic diagrames.
Among the figure, 1-titanium-aluminum alloy turbine, 2-embedded groove, 3-quenched and tempered steel shaft, 4-intermediate materials.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the friction welding method concrete steps of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft are as follows:
A, with titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 to be welded weld before destressing heat treatment, 600 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, temperature retention time are 1.5; B, process the embedded groove 2 of revolution shape in titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 one sides, groove depth 10mm, minimum diameter is identical with the quenched and tempered steel shaft external diameter; C, titanium-aluminum alloy turbine to be welded 1 and quenched and tempered steel shaft 3 surfaces to be welded are polished, and clear up with acetone; D, titanium-aluminum alloy turbine to be welded 1 and quenched and tempered steel shaft 3 are clamped in the mobile anchor clamps and rolling clamp of spin friction welding machine the center of the axes alignment titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 one side embedded grooves 2 of quenched and tempered steel shaft 3 respectively; Spindle motor on e, the friction-welding machine drives quenched and tempered steel shaft 3 rotation at a high speed by main shaft, rolling clamp, application of force oil cylinder by slide unit, mobile anchor clamps drive titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 gradually near and be pressed on the quenched and tempered steel shaft 3 of rotation at a high speed, friction pressure is 330MPa; F, under frictional heat and friction pressure acting in conjunction, quenched and tempered steel shaft is distortion gradually near frictional interface, produces overlap, and fills up the embedded groove 2 of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 one sides; G, round end stop the rotation, and application of force oil cylinder applies upsetting force, upsetting force 590MPa, dwell time 4s; H, postheating and temper, 600 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, temperature retention time are 1.5h.
After tested, present embodiment institute plumb joint room temperature tensile intensity is 480MPa.
Embodiment 2: with reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, the friction welding method concrete steps of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft are as follows:
A, with titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 to be welded weld before destressing heat treatment, 630 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, temperature retention time are 2h; B, process the embedded groove 2 of revolution shape in titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 one sides, groove depth 10mm, minimum diameter is suitable with quenched and tempered steel shaft 3 external diameters; C, choose suitable intermediate materials 4,, earlier intermediate materials 4 and quenched and tempered steel shaft 3 are carried out friction welding as high temperature alloy, friction pressure 400Mpa, top pressure 600Mpa, 3mm, dwell time 5s are shortened in friction; D, machine away unnecessary intermediate materials 4, keep suitable thickness; E, titanium-aluminum alloy turbine to be welded 1 and intermediate materials 4 face of welds are polished, and clear up with acetone; F, titanium-aluminum alloy turbine to be welded 1 and the quenched and tempered steel shaft 3 that has an intermediate materials 4 are clamped in the mobile anchor clamps and rolling clamp of spin friction welding machine the center of the axes alignment titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 one side embedded grooves 2 of intermediate materials 4 on the quenched and tempered steel shaft 3 respectively; Spindle motor on g, the friction-welding machine drives quenched and tempered steel shaft 3 rotation at a high speed by main shaft, rolling clamp, application of force oil cylinder by slide unit, mobile anchor clamps drive titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 gradually near and be pressed in intermediate materials 4 on the quenched and tempered steel shaft 3 of rotation at a high speed, friction pressure is 500MPa; H, under frictional heat and friction pressure acting in conjunction, intermediate materials 4 is distortion gradually near frictional interface, produces overlap, and fills up the embedded groove 2 of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 one sides; G, round end stop the rotation, and application of force oil cylinder applies upsetting force, upsetting force 800MPa, dwell time 6s; H, postheating and temper, 650 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, temperature retention time are 1.5h.
After tested, the hot strength when present embodiment titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and quenched and tempered steel shaft friction welded joint room temperature reaches 537MPa, and is suitable with the tensile strength of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine material.
Embodiment 3: with reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, the friction welding method concrete steps of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft are as follows:
A, with titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 to be welded weld before destressing heat treatment, 670 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, temperature retention time are 2.5h; B, process the embedded groove 2 of revolution shape in titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 one sides, groove depth 10mm, minimum diameter is suitable with the quenched and tempered steel shaft external diameter; C, choose suitable intermediate materials 4, as titanium alloy, earlier intermediate materials 4 and titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 are carried out embedded friction welding, friction pressure 450Mpa, top pressure 700Mpa, dwell time 5s, under frictional heat and friction pressure acting in conjunction, intermediate materials 4 is near the distortion gradually frictional interface in embedded groove 2, produces overlap, and fills up the embedded groove 2 of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 one sides; D, machine away unnecessary intermediate materials 4, keep suitable thickness; E, quenched and tempered steel shaft to be welded 3 and intermediate materials 4 face of welds are polished, and clear up with acetone; F, titanium-aluminum alloy turbine that has intermediate materials 41 to be welded and quenched and tempered steel shaft 3 are clamped in respectively in the mobile anchor clamps and rolling clamp of spin friction welding machine; Spindle motor on g, the friction-welding machine drives quenched and tempered steel shaft 3 rotation at a high speed by main shaft, rolling clamp, application of force oil cylinder by slide unit, mobile anchor clamps drive titanium-aluminum alloy turbine gradually near and be pressed on the quenched and tempered steel shaft 3 of rotation at a high speed, friction pressure is 350MPa; H, postheating and temper, 650 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, temperature retention time are 1.5h.
After tested, present embodiment institute plumb joint room temperature tensile intensity is 520MPa.
Embodiment 4: with reference to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, with embodiment 3 differences be: titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 is embedded into intermediate materials 4 on the titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 in the casting process in advance, and then with 3 friction weldings of 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft.The friction welding method concrete steps of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft are as follows:
A, in titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 casting process, preferred intermediate materials 4 (K418) is embedded into makes the composite turbine that has intermediate materials 4 on the titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 in advance; B, with titanium-aluminum alloy turbine 1 to be welded weld before destressing heat treatment, 700 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, temperature retention time are 3h; C, machine away unnecessary intermediate materials 4, keep suitable thickness; E, intermediate materials 4 face of welds on quenched and tempered steel shaft to be welded 3 and the composite turbine are polished, and clear up with acetone; D, titanium-aluminum alloy turbine that has intermediate materials 41 to be welded and quenched and tempered steel shaft 3 are clamped in respectively in the mobile anchor clamps and rolling clamp of spin friction welding machine; Spindle motor on f, the friction-welding machine drives quenched and tempered steel shaft by main shaft, rolling clamp and rotates at a high speed, application of force oil cylinder by slide unit, mobile anchor clamps drive composite turbine gradually near and be pressed on the quenched and tempered steel shaft 3 of rotation at a high speed, friction pressure is 500MPa; G, postheating and temper, 650 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, temperature retention time are 2h.
After tested, present embodiment institute plumb joint room temperature tensile intensity is 523MPa.

Claims (4)

1. the friction welding method of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(a) titanium-aluminum alloy turbine is heated to 600～700 ℃, insulation 1.5～3h carries out destressing heat treatment;
(b) process the embedded groove of revolution shape in titanium-aluminum alloy turbine one side;
(c) titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft surface to be welded are polished, and clear up with acetone;
(d) titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft are clamped in the mobile anchor clamps and rolling clamp of spin friction welding machine the center of the axes alignment titanium-aluminum alloy turbine one side embedded groove of 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft respectively;
(e) spindle motor on the friction-welding machine rotates at a high speed by main shaft, rolling clamp driving 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft, application of force oil cylinder by slide unit, mobile anchor clamps drive titanium-aluminum alloy turbine gradually near and be pressed on the 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft of rotation at a high speed, friction pressure is 330～500MPa;
(f) rolling clamp stops the rotation, and application of force oil cylinder applies upsetting force, upsetting force 590～800MPa, dwell time 4～6s;
(g) postheating and temper, 600～650 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, temperature retention time are 1.5～2h.
2. the friction welding method of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine according to claim 1 and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft is characterized in that: after described quenched and tempered steel shaft and the intermediate materials welding, again intermediate materials is aimed at embedded groove and weld.
3. the friction welding method of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine according to claim 1 and quenched and tempered steel shaft is characterized in that: after described titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and the intermediate materials casting, intermediate materials and quenched and tempered steel shaft are welded again.
4. according to the friction welding method of claim 2 or 3 described titanium-aluminum alloy turbines and quenched and tempered steel shaft, it is characterized in that: described intermediate materials be high temperature alloy or titanium alloy any.
CN 201010178555 2010-05-20 2010-05-20 Friction welding method of titanium-aluminum alloy turbine and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft Pending CN101844271A (en)

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CN102211249A (en) * 2011-05-26 2011-10-12 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 Method for connecting titanium-aluminum alloy turbine with 42CrMo steel shaft
CN102489869A (en) * 2011-12-02 2012-06-13 苏州明志科技有限公司 Method and device for fixing insert based on friction welding
CN103321685A (en) * 2013-07-12 2013-09-25 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Through-hole connection method and connection structure of titanium aluminum turbine impeller and rotating shaft
CN103410877A (en) * 2013-09-05 2013-11-27 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Method for connecting titanium aluminum turbine and steel shaft
CN103862234A (en) * 2014-02-13 2014-06-18 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Method and structure for improving strength performance of central part of supercharger turbine
CN104136737A (en) * 2012-02-28 2014-11-05 三菱重工业株式会社 Turbine rotor
CN104259651A (en) * 2014-08-13 2015-01-07 山西环界石油钻具制造股份有限公司 Friction-welding method for non-magnetic metal material and special-shaped metal material
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CN105033438A (en) * 2015-04-15 2015-11-11 苏州安庆富电子科技有限公司 Welding method for aluminum-steel composite member and aluminum-steel composite member
CN106140950A (en) * 2015-03-31 2016-11-23 南京理工大学 A kind of high pressure torsion superposition manufacture method and device
CN106141469A (en) * 2016-07-14 2016-11-23 西北工业大学 TiAl alloy turbine and the frictional diffusion complex welding method of quenched and tempered steel shaft
CN106624339A (en) * 2016-12-26 2017-05-10 安徽工业大学 Method for improving strength of friction-welded joint of high-temperature alloy turbine disc and 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel shaft
CN106735844A (en) * 2016-11-16 2017-05-31 大连理工大学 For the wrapping structure and spin friction soldering method of dissimilar metal spin friction weldering
CN106862299A (en) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-20 南京理工大学 The one step process of multi-layer metal composite material
CN107052562A (en) * 2017-05-04 2017-08-18 王蘋 The method that friction welding (FW) produces aluminum steel transition welding block
CN107520533A (en) * 2016-06-22 2017-12-29 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 The welding method of target material assembly
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CN102211249A (en) * 2011-05-26 2011-10-12 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 Method for connecting titanium-aluminum alloy turbine with 42CrMo steel shaft
CN102489869A (en) * 2011-12-02 2012-06-13 苏州明志科技有限公司 Method and device for fixing insert based on friction welding
US9797256B2 (en) 2012-02-28 2017-10-24 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Turbine rotor
CN104136737A (en) * 2012-02-28 2014-11-05 三菱重工业株式会社 Turbine rotor
CN103321685A (en) * 2013-07-12 2013-09-25 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Through-hole connection method and connection structure of titanium aluminum turbine impeller and rotating shaft
CN103321685B (en) * 2013-07-12 2015-02-04 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Through-hole connection method and connection structure of titanium aluminum turbine impeller and rotating shaft
CN103410877A (en) * 2013-09-05 2013-11-27 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Method for connecting titanium aluminum turbine and steel shaft
CN103862234A (en) * 2014-02-13 2014-06-18 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Method and structure for improving strength performance of central part of supercharger turbine
CN104259651A (en) * 2014-08-13 2015-01-07 山西环界石油钻具制造股份有限公司 Friction-welding method for non-magnetic metal material and special-shaped metal material
CN104400210B (en) * 2014-10-28 2016-07-20 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 A kind of inertia friction weld method of aero-engine turbine disk and axle
CN104400210A (en) * 2014-10-28 2015-03-11 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 Inertia friction welding method for aeroengine turbine disk and shaft
CN106140950A (en) * 2015-03-31 2016-11-23 南京理工大学 A kind of high pressure torsion superposition manufacture method and device
CN105033438A (en) * 2015-04-15 2015-11-11 苏州安庆富电子科技有限公司 Welding method for aluminum-steel composite member and aluminum-steel composite member
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CN106862299A (en) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-20 南京理工大学 The one step process of multi-layer metal composite material
CN106862299B (en) * 2015-12-11 2020-06-19 南京理工大学 Single-process processing method of multilayer metal composite material
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