CN101841292B - Direct-current motor driver of wind generating variable-propeller control system - Google Patents
Direct-current motor driver of wind generating variable-propeller control system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind generation and provides a direct-current motor driver of a variable-propeller control system, comprising a power loop part and a control loop part. The power loop part comprises a rectification unit, an energy consumption braking unit, a power switching circuit, an alternating-current input phase sequence detecting unit, bus voltage and output current detecting unit and the lie; and the control loop part comprises an analog signal sampling unit, a digital signal input collecting circuit, a speed signal collecting unit, a digital signal output unit, an upper computer information interacting unit and the like. The invention has the advantages of high reliability, excellent performance, perfect protection function and suitability for occasions with low-speed large moment, frequent start, high response speed and higher requirement on reliability for the wind generating variable-propeller control system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of wind power generation, particularly be used for the driver that wind generating variable-propeller control system need not to provide the excitation of direct current generator power supply, especially is a kind of driver of variable blade control system separately excited DC machine.
Background technology
Wind power generation receives the extensive attention of various countries as the renewable and clean energy resource of present technology maturation.Variable blade control system is a building block important in the wind generator system, and to be control blade pitch angle automatically adjust with the size of wind speed its major function: when low wind speed, let wind-driven generator have maximum starting torque; When wind speed is too high, change the angle of attack of air-flow, and then change wind-driven generator acquisition aerodynamic torque, make output of a generator keep stable blade.
Motor driver is one of critical component of variable blade control system.The motor driver major function of variable blade control system comprises that the output, fault message of collection, digital switch quantity signal and the control signal of analog and digital signal are handled and protection and with the information interaction of host computer etc.The design of motor driver is closely related with the motor type of selecting for use; It has determined function, the hardware circuit of system; Software controlling strategies etc.; In view of the direct current machine staring torque is fit to the characteristics of pitch-controlled system applications greatly, therefore be necessary to design variable blade control system DC motor driver in a kind of wind-powered electricity generation field of function admirable.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve above-mentioned technical problem, provide a kind of reliability high, the direct-current motor driver of wind generating variable-propeller control system of function admirable.
The object of the invention is realized through following technical scheme:
A kind of direct-current motor driver of wind generating variable-propeller control system comprises the loop of power circuit part and controls this loop of power circuit control loop part partly,
Wherein, said loop of power circuit partly comprises:
Rectification unit is used for input ac voltage is transformed into DC bus-bar voltage;
The dynamic braking unit is made up of electronic switch and power resistor, and said electronic switch is through turn-offing and connect the said power resistor of ability, in order to protect driver through energy consumption to reduce busbar voltage;
Power switch circuit is made up of four device for power switching of two phase brachium pontis, through control two phase brachium pontis up and down two groups of power switchs break-make so that be used for turn-offing and connecting direct current machine;
Said control loop part is based on microprocessor, and comprises:
The motor velocity signal collecting unit in order to the rate signal of picking rate checkout gear, constitutes the close-loop feedback rate signal of said driver, and under hypervelocity or zero-speed situation, reports to the police;
The collection of simulant signal unit is in order to current detecting unit, busbar voltage detecting unit and the supply voltage monitoring unit of gathering said driver and the analog signal of velocity setting unit;
The digital signal acquiring input unit is in order to gather the level signal that action command logic, fault reseting logic and phase sequence detection. electronics produce;
The digital signal output unit in order to according to the driver operation conditions, produces digital quantity signal;
The pulse width modulating signal generation unit produces the modulation signal of power controlling switching circuit in order to given according to closed loop with the rate signal of speed detector detection, the current signal of current sampling circuit sampling;
The processing unit of communicating by letter with host computer, in order to the information interaction of host computer.
Further, said device for power switching is selected insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT for use, or metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect t MOSFET.
Again further; One of them brachium pontis of said power switch circuit is controlled by logic level signal; Be used to change the direction of receiving direct current machine voltage, thereby change the direct current machine direction of rotation, another brachium pontis is controlled by pulse width modulating signal; Duty through changing the power switch break-make recently changes the size of receiving the direct current machine armature voltage, thereby changes dc motor speed.
Further, said device for power switching maybe can be selected silicon controlled rectifier for use.
Again further; One of them brachium pontis of said power switch circuit is controlled by logic level signal; Be used to change the direction of receiving direct current machine voltage, thereby change the direct current machine direction of rotation, another brachium pontis is by conducting trigger angle signal controlling; Conducting trigger angle through changing the silicon controlled rectifier break-make changes the size of receiving the direct current machine armature voltage, thereby changes dc motor speed.
Further, one group of device for power switching is connected to the anode of busbar voltage above the said two phase brachium pontis, below one group of device for power switching be connected to the negative terminal of busbar voltage, two mid points of brachium pontis are coupled to direct current machine armature winding.
Further; Said loop of power circuit part also comprises the driver element that is used to control dynamic braking unit and power switch circuit; This driver element one end is coupled to control loop partly accepts the microprocessor logic signal, and the other end is coupled to said dynamic braking unit and power switch circuit to control its break-make.
Further, said driver comprises also and is used to detect the whether phase sequence detection. electronics of phase shortage of input voltage that this device produces a saltus step level and keeps this level to disappear up to the phase shortage phenomenon when detecting the input voltage phase shortage.
Further, said driver also comprises the voltage detection unit that is used to detect the DC bus-bar voltage that the rectification link produces, and can convert busbar voltage to microprocessor can identified signal.
Further, said driver also comprises the current detecting unit that is used to detect the driver output current, and converting output current to microprocessor through current sense device and capacitance resistance ware can identified signal.
Further; Said driver also comprises the speed detection unit that is used to detect the direct current machine real-time speed, can be the signal of telecommunication or the logical signal that microprocessor can be discerned with the conversion of signals by tachogenerator, pulse coder or other speed detection equipment collections.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is mainly reflected in: reliability is high; Function admirable; Defencive function is perfect; Be fit to wind generating variable-propeller control system low-speed and large-torque, Fraquent start, fast, the higher applications of response speed to reliability requirement.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is described further:
Fig. 1 is a theory diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a loop of power circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the theory diagram that utilizes tachogenerator to test the speed.
Fig. 4 is the theory diagram that utilizes encoder to test the speed.
Embodiment
The present invention has disclosed a kind of driver of wind generating variable-propeller control system direct current machine, comprises the loop of power circuit part and controls this loop of power circuit control loop part partly, and said loop of power circuit partly comprises:
(1) rectification unit is used for input ac voltage is transformed into DC bus-bar voltage.
(2) dynamic braking unit is made up of electronic switch and power resistor, and said electronic switch is through turn-offing and connect the said power resistor of ability, in order to protect driver through energy consumption to reduce busbar voltage; When busbar voltage is in below the normal voltage threshold values; Electronic switch turn-offs; The dynamic braking unit is inoperative, and under the busbar voltage abnormal conditions, raising surpasses the assigned voltage threshold values, and electronic switch is opened; Power resistor inserts bus, and the mode through energy consumption reduces the purpose that busbar voltage reaches the protection power electronic device.
(3) power switch circuit is made up of four device for power switching of two phase brachium pontis, through pulse width modulation and logic level signal control two mutually brachium pontis up and down two groups of power switchs break-make so that be used for turn-offing and connecting direct current machine; One of them brachium pontis is controlled by logic level signal; Be used to change the direction of receiving direct current machine voltage; Thereby change the direct current machine direction of rotation; Another brachium pontis recently changes the size of receiving the direct current machine armature voltage by pulse width modulation (PWM) signal controlling through the duty that changes the power switch break-make, thereby changes dc motor speed; Said device for power switching is selected insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT for use, or metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect t MOSFET or other switching devices.One group of device for power switching is connected to the anode of busbar voltage above the said two phase brachium pontis, below one group of device for power switching be connected to the negative terminal of busbar voltage, two mid points of brachium pontis are coupled to direct current machine armature winding.The signal logic of two power switchs is opposite about the same brachium pontis; Two brachium pontis symmetries select brachium pontis control voltage direction or voltage swing to adjust according to actual conditions.Certainly; Device for power switching maybe can be selected silicon controlled rectifier for use, and one of them brachium pontis of said power switch circuit is controlled by logic level signal, is used to change the direction of receiving direct current machine voltage; Thereby change the direct current machine direction of rotation; Another brachium pontis changes the size of receiving the direct current machine armature voltage by conducting trigger angle signal controlling through the conducting trigger angle that changes the silicon controlled rectifier break-make, thereby changes dc motor speed.
(4) be used to control the driver element of dynamic braking unit and power switch circuit, this driver element one end is coupled to control loop partly accepts the microprocessor logic signal, and the other end is coupled to said dynamic braking unit and power switch circuit to control its break-make.
Further, said driver also comprises:
(5) be used to detect the whether phase sequence detection. electronics of phase shortage of input voltage, this device produces a saltus step level and keeps this level to disappear up to the phase shortage phenomenon when detecting the input voltage phase shortage.
(6) be used to detect the voltage detection unit of the DC bus-bar voltage that the rectification link produces, said busbar voltage detecting unit is transformed into the voltage signal that microprocessor can be discerned through divider resistance with busbar voltage by a certain percentage.
(7) be used to detect the current detecting unit of driver output current, converting output current to microprocessor through current sense device and capacitance resistance ware can identified signal.
(8) being used to detect the speed detection unit of direct current machine real-time speed, can be the signal of telecommunication or the logical signal that microprocessor can be discerned with the conversion of signals by tachogenerator, pulse coder or other speed detection equipment collections.
Further, the control loop of said driver part is based on microprocessor, and comprises:
(1) motor velocity signal collecting unit in order to the rate signal of picking rate checkout gear, constitutes the close-loop feedback rate signal of said driver, and under hypervelocity or zero-speed situation, reports to the police.
(2) current sampling unit, busbar voltage detecting unit and analog signals such as supply voltage monitoring and velocity setting unit are gathered in collection of simulant signal unit, this unit;
Wherein, said output current sampling unit is made up of operational amplifier and peripheral components.The close-loop feedback signal of the current signal of output current detecting unit as software algorithm gathered in this unit, can obtain big starting torque when guaranteeing the starting of motor low speed on the one hand, makes its response given speed rapidly; It is excessive to limit output current on the other hand, protection driver and direct current machine.Current sampling signal constitutes the close-loop feedback current signal of said driver.
Said motor speed collecting unit designs according to the motor velocity signal detection mode: if adopt tachogenerator to test the speed, then this unit is made up of operational amplifier and peripheral components; If adopt encoder to test the speed, then this unit is through microprocessor capturing unit capture velocity signal.The rate signal of gathering guarantees motor tracing preset speed on the one hand as software algorithm close-loop feedback signal; Prevent the excessive and driving of motor speed on the other hand.It is given that the velocity setting signal constitutes said driver closed loop.
The supply voltage pilot signal constitutes the triggering source of supply voltage fault.
Said busbar voltage detecting unit is made up of operational amplifier and peripheral components, gathers the voltage signal that the busbar voltage detecting unit is sent here.When busbar voltage surpasses dynamic braking unit action threshold values, control circuit sends brake unit and opens instruction; When busbar voltage surpasses the overvoltage threshold values, control circuit is reported to the police and is shut down.Bus voltage signal is through the logical process of microprocessor, and as the triggering source of dynamic braking unit, meanwhile, if the brake resistance of dynamic braking unit controls fails to reduce busbar voltage, control circuit will be reported to the police.
(3) digital signal acquiring input unit, this unit are gathered the level signal of action command logic, fault reseting logic and the generation of phase sequence detection. electronics etc.Wherein microprocessor produces operation or halt command after receiving the action command logic; After receiving the fault reseting logic, produce the fault reset command; After receiving the default phase signal existence, then do to report to the police and handle.Said digital signal input unit is made up of light lotus root and peripheral components.The signal of gathering mainly contains phase shortage logic, action command logic, fault reseting logic etc.When the default phase signal existence, control circuit is reported to the police and is shut down; When action command exists, under the trouble-free situation of system, control circuit is carried out operating instruction; When the fault existence that resets, control circuit carries out the software reset to fault-signal.
(4) digital signal output unit, this unit produce digital quantity signals such as fan moves, system is normal according to system operation situation.Said digital signal output unit is made up of light lotus root and peripheral components.Digital output signal mainly contains fan operation, system's normal state signal etc.The driver radiator temperature surpasses prescribed threshold, and control circuit sends the fan run signal; Driver fault-free, control circuit are sent system's normal state signal and are given the user with indication.
(5) pulse width modulating signal generation unit, the current signal of the rate signal that this unit is given according to closed loop and speed detector detects, current sampling circuit sampling etc. produces the modulation signal of power controlling switching circuit.
The processing unit of (6) communicating by letter with host computer, the communication interface that this unit adopts is preferentially selected serial communication interface (RS485 or RS232 etc.) for use, is used for user's modification, stores, reads the parameter of driver, with the information interaction of host computer.
This control loop part course of work: control circuit detects digital input logic and analog input signal in real time; Judge that driver has fault-free: if there is not fault then having under the situation of action command; According to given speed and feedback speed size and feedback current; Handle through internal algorithm, the duty cycle signals of controlled power circuit and motor traffic direction logic are as the input of driver element; If fault is arranged, control circuit will be reported to the police and shut down.
Technical scheme of the present invention is specifically as shown in Figure 1; Conversion obtains DC bus-bar voltage through ac/dc to exchange the three-phase input; The dynamic braking unit comes into force under the situation of busbar voltage above the action threshold values to reduce busbar voltage, and the pulse width modulation of power circuit process obtains the voltage with the speed command coupling.Control circuit is gathered analog signals such as busbar voltage, output current; Motor velocity signal can be that the analog signal input also can be the pulse input of encoder according to the difference of speed-measuring method, and wherein output current and motor velocity signal constitute the input variable of software closed-loop control algorithm; While also gathers phase sequence based on the control circuit of microprocessor and detects digital signals such as logic, action command, reset command, and the digital signal of output has fan operation control, driver operation preparation etc.; The information interaction of driver and host computer realizes through communication unit.
Fig. 2 provides master's loop of power circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.Wherein: T is the ac/dc rectification unit; C is bus capacitor (acting as energy storage and filtering); G2 is the switching device of control energy consumption resistance R break-make, and G3～G6 is four switching devices of two phase brachium pontis (are example with the insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT), and L1 is the armature winding.
The three-phase alternating current input obtains DC bus-bar voltage through diode rectification unit T and bus capacitor C.Switching device G2 and power resistor R constitute the dynamic braking unit, and G2 receives the microprocessor logic signal controlling, and whether decision R inserts the dc bus loop.Switching device G3～G6 constitutes loop of power circuit two phase brachium pontis; Wherein G3, G4 are same brachium pontis two switching devices up and down; The emitter of G3 links to each other with the G4 collector electrode, and the two drive signal is complementary, and G5, G6 are another brachium pontis two switching devices up and down; The emitter of G5 links to each other with the G6 collector electrode, and the two drive signal is complementary; G3, G5 collector electrode connect the busbar voltage anode, and G4, G6 emitter connect the busbar voltage negative terminal.Because two phase brachium pontis symmetry, a brachium pontis are by the logic control of motor direction of rotation, then by the pulse width modulating signal control of regulating output voltage, two groups of signals exchange and can adjust according to practical application another brachium pontis.Armature winding L1 one end is connected to the mid point of G3, G4 composition brachium pontis, and the other end is connected to the mid point of G5, G6 composition brachium pontis.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are two embodiment theory diagrams of the present invention.Fig. 3 is the connection layout that utilizes tachogenerator to test the speed.The analog voltage signal of tachogenerator output is directly proportional with motor speed; The control veneer converts this voltage signal to analog signal that control chip (single-chip microcomputer or digital signal processor) can be discerned by a certain percentage through sample circuit, and control chip concerns that in proportion the numerical value that the processing mould/the number conversion passage obtains obtains motor speed.Fig. 4 is the theory diagram that utilizes encoder to test the speed.The pulse signal of encoder is caught in the pulse capture unit of control chip, calculates pulse number within a certain period of time, calculates motor speed according to the umber of pulse of encoder revolution.
The present invention still has multiple concrete execution mode.All employings are equal to replacement or equivalent transformation and all technical schemes of forming all drop within the scope of requirement protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. direct-current motor driver of wind generating variable-propeller control system comprises the loop of power circuit part and controls the control loop part of this loop of power circuit part, it is characterized in that: said loop of power circuit partly comprises,
Rectification unit is used for input ac voltage is transformed into DC bus-bar voltage;
The dynamic braking unit is made up of electronic switch and power resistor, and said electronic switch is protected driver in order to the mode through energy consumption to reduce busbar voltage through turn-offing and connect said power resistor;
Power switch circuit is made up of four device for power switching of two phase brachium pontis, through control two phase brachium pontis up and down two groups of device for power switching break-make so that be used for turn-offing and connecting direct current machine;
The control loop of said driver part is based on microprocessor, and comprises,
The motor velocity signal collecting unit in order to the rate signal of picking rate checkout gear, constitutes the close-loop feedback rate signal of said driver, and under hypervelocity or zero-speed situation, reports to the police;
The collection of simulant signal unit is in order to current detecting unit, busbar voltage detecting unit and the supply voltage monitoring unit of gathering said driver and the analog signal of velocity setting unit;
The digital signal acquiring input unit is in order to gather the level signal that action command logic, fault reseting logic and phase sequence detection. electronics produce;
The digital signal output unit in order to according to said driver operation conditions, produces digital quantity signal;
The pulse width modulating signal generation unit produces the modulation signal of power controlling switching circuit in order to velocity setting signal and the rate signal of speed detector detection, the current signal of current detecting unit detection according to the velocity setting unit;
The processing unit of communicating by letter with host computer, in order to the information interaction of host computer;
Said phase sequence detection. electronics is used to detect whether phase shortage of input voltage, and this device produces a saltus step level and keeps this level to disappear up to the phase shortage phenomenon when detecting the input voltage phase shortage;
Said busbar voltage detecting unit is used to detect the DC bus-bar voltage that rectification unit produces, and can convert busbar voltage to microprocessor ability identified signal;
Said current detecting unit is used to detect the driver output current, converts output current to microprocessor ability identified signal through current sense device and capacitance resistance ware;
Said speed detector is used to detect the direct current machine real-time speed, can be the signal of telecommunication or the logical signal that microprocessor can be discerned with the conversion of signals by tachogenerator or pulse coder collection.
2. direct-current motor driver of wind generating variable-propeller control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said device for power switching is selected insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT for use, or metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect t MOSFET.
3. direct-current motor driver of wind generating variable-propeller control system according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: one of them brachium pontis of said power switch circuit is controlled by logic level signal; Be used to change the direction of receiving direct current machine voltage, thereby change the direct current machine direction of rotation, another brachium pontis is controlled by pulse width modulating signal; Duty through changing the device for power switching break-make recently changes the size of receiving the direct current machine armature voltage, thereby changes dc motor speed.
4. direct-current motor driver of wind generating variable-propeller control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said device for power switching is selected silicon controlled rectifier for use.
5. direct-current motor driver of wind generating variable-propeller control system according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: one of them brachium pontis of said power switch circuit is controlled by logic level signal; Be used to change the direction of receiving direct current machine voltage, thereby change the direct current machine direction of rotation, another brachium pontis is by conducting trigger angle signal controlling; Conducting trigger angle through changing the silicon controlled rectifier break-make changes the size of receiving the direct current machine armature voltage, thereby changes dc motor speed.
6. according to described any one direct-current motor driver of wind generating variable-propeller control system of claim 1-5; It is characterized in that: one group of device for power switching is connected to the anode of busbar voltage above the said two phase brachium pontis; Below one group of device for power switching be connected to the negative terminal of busbar voltage, two mid points of brachium pontis are coupled to direct current machine armature winding.
7. direct-current motor driver of wind generating variable-propeller control system according to claim 6; It is characterized in that: said loop of power circuit part also comprises the driver element that is used to control dynamic braking unit and power switch circuit; This driver element one end is coupled to control loop partly accepts the microprocessor logic signal, and the other end is coupled to said dynamic braking unit and power switch circuit to control its break-make.
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| CN107276487B (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2023-07-25 | 上海沪工焊接集团股份有限公司 | Motor speed regulation control circuit structure with forward and reverse rotation |
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| CN109742933A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-10 | 浙江众邦机电科技有限公司 | A kind of motor driven systems and its auxiliary power-off system |
| CN111049459B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Braking method of air conditioner driving device of permanent magnet synchronous motor without electrolytic capacitor |
| CN111711389B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2022-03-25 | 上海电气风电集团股份有限公司 | Wind driven generator and control method and device of power conversion circuit of wind driven generator |
| CN112698592A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-23 | 南理工泰兴智能制造研究院有限公司 | Chemical equipment abrasion detection feedback system |
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| CN2239097Y (en) * | 1995-02-16 | 1996-10-30 | 王植槐 | Excitation controllor for double-fluting synchronous generator |
| CN1379543A (en) * | 2002-05-24 | 2002-11-13 | 清华大学 | Frequency-changing speed regulation driver by supplying power to both ends of windings of Three-phase asynchronous motor |
| CN201708754U (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2011-01-12 | 苏州能健电气有限公司 | DC motor driver of wind power generation active pitch control system |
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| CN101841292A (en) | 2010-09-22 |
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