CN101840534A - Integrated supply chain performance index evaluation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated supply chain performance index evaluation method which is characterized by comprising the following steps: a, determining the quantized index of the performance of a supply chain; b, determining a quantized index of customer satisfaction evaluation; c, calculating the two kinds of quantized indexes based on an analytic hierarchy process; and d, determining the result of the performance evaluation according to the result of the calculation. In addition, the invention also provides an integrated supply chain performance index evaluation system, which is characterized by comprising a customer satisfaction evaluation index system and a supply chain value evaluation index system, wherein the two systems are fit together to form an integrated supply chain overall performance evaluation system. The method and the system aim to obtain the value of the integrated supply chain overall performance evaluation index by evaluating the customer satisfaction index and the supply chain performance index, and to offer assistance in the operating decision of industries such as manufacturing industry and retail industry according to the result of the performance evaluation.

Description

A kind of integrated supply chain performance index evaluation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to information management system, integrated supply chain system especially particularly, relates to by the whole Performance Evaluation System that makes up integrated supply chain and comes method that integrated supply chain performance index is estimated.

Background technology

All the time, performance appraisal is counted as the organic component of enterprise plan and control always, along with the variation of job specification, enterprise role, external demand and family's aggravation of competition, performance appraisal has been subjected to concern and deep day by day discussion more and more widely, and progressively is dissolved in the integrated supply chain management.

Performance Evaluation of Enterprise is a complicated system engineering, simple index combination can not correctly reflect the performance level of enterprise, must adopt rational architectural framework, for a period of time, the various countries scholar has set up different Performance Evaluation of Enterprise models from different research angles, such as, famous " Sink and Tuttle " model is arranged, performance improvement metering method model, " balanced Card " model etc., although various appraisement system classification are different, but do not have too big difference in itself, common feature is integrality and the validity that embodies evaluation as far as possible.

With respect to the research of Performance Evaluation of Enterprise, also there are a lot of blank in the research of supply chain performance appraisal, such as, clear and definite, the unified supply chain definition of performance of neither one; Definition to supply chain performance content is still far from perfect, and lacks systematicness; To the research of supply chain performance is optimization to existing supply chain mostly, and considers that seldom supplier's and retail trader selection when setting up moves the influence of performance etc. later on to supply chain.Especially, lack by computer system supply chain is carried out artificial intelligence, also systematically do not proposed with the method that integrated supply chain performance index is estimated.

The present invention aims to provide a kind of method of integrated performance appraisal, utilization financial analysis and statistical method, set up the integrated supply chain Performance Evaluation System, comprise customer satisfaction evaluating and supply chain performance appraisal, wherein comprise core enterprise's performance appraisal, supplier's performance appraisal and three subsystems of retailer's performance appraisal in the supply chain Performance Evaluation System, and the performance of core enterprise plays very important effect in the whole piece supply chain, estimate its performance and should consider its inner working effect, more will consider influence retailer and supplier.At last,, upwards estimate supplier's performance, estimate retailer's performance downwards, thereby finish the performance appraisal of whole supply chain from the angle of core enterprise.

Summary of the invention

At defective of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of system and relevant evaluation method of integrated supply chain performance appraisal.

According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of integrated supply chain performance appraisal method, it comprises that step a. determines the quantizating index of supply chain performance; Step b. determines the quantizating index of customer satisfaction evaluating; Step c is calculated and steps d above-mentioned two class quantization indexs based on analytical hierarchy process. determine the performance appraisal result according to described result of calculation.

The present invention passes through customer satisfaction evaluating and supply chain performance appraisal, wherein also comprise core enterprise's performance appraisal, supplier's performance appraisal and three subsystems of retailer's performance appraisal in the supply chain Performance Evaluation System, thereby obtain the whole performance appraisal desired value of integrated supply chain.According to described performance appraisal result for to offer help such as the business decision of industries such as manufacturing industry, retail trade, especially can obtain of the influence of the pairing factor of each performance indicators, thereby can reform targetedly to enhance productivity to the whole performance of integrated supply chain.

Description of drawings

By reading the detailed description of non-limiting example being done with reference to the following drawings, it is more obvious that other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become:

Fig. 1 illustrates according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a kind of process flow diagram of integrated supply chain performance appraisal method;

Fig. 2 illustrates according to a second embodiment of the present invention, the process flow diagram of application level analytic approach in the integrated supply chain performance appraisal;

Fig. 3 illustrates a third embodiment in accordance with the invention, uses the process flow diagram that tournament method is determined the index flexible strategy in analytical hierarchy process;

Fig. 4 illustrates a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention, uses the process flow diagram that the Triangular Fuzzy Number method is determined the index flexible strategy in analytical hierarchy process;

Fig. 5 illustrates according to a fifth embodiment of the invention, and the grey correlation method of application enhancements is determined index flexible strategy and evaluation result in the integrated supply chain performance appraisal;

Fig. 6 illustrates first embodiment of the invention, the whole Performance Evaluation System of integrated supply chain;

Fig. 7 illustrates one embodiment of the present of invention, the general pattern of hierarchical chart; And

Fig. 8 illustrates judgment matrix according to an embodiment of the invention.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 shows the first embodiment of the present invention, a kind of process flow diagram of integrated supply chain performance appraisal method.Particularly, execution in step S210 at first determines the quantizating index of supply chain performance.Those skilled in the art understand, described supply chain is worth the inside performance that has embodied integrated supply chain, be supply chain development and the driving source of obtaining competitive edge, the multilevel system that typical supply chain is made up of core enterprise, supplier and retailer etc., therefore the quantizating index of described definite supply chain performance comprises quantizating index, the quantizating index of supplier's performance and the quantizating index of retailer's performance of determining the core Enterprise Performance.

Wherein, the effect of " zero point on a steelyard " has been played by core enterprise in supply chain, described core enterprise performance comprises outside performance and inner performance, described outside performance mainly comprises supplier's index and client's index, further, described supplier index also comprises cash flow index, information flow index and logistics index; Described client's index also comprises time index, quality index, performance index and service indication, the indicator of costs and cooperation tendentiousness index etc.Described inner performance mainly comprises interior business index, financial index and study and becomes long pointer that further, described interior business index also comprises throughput rate index, Service Quality Metrics, assets utilization index and managerial effectiveness; Described financial index also comprises profitability evaluation, debt paying ability evaluation, developing ability evaluation and operation merit rating; Described study also comprises employee's ability and introducing ability with becoming long pointer.

Particularly, for example, be example with described cash flow index, those skilled in the art understand, in the retail type supply chain, most suppliers' of core enterprise scale is less, and capital quantity is limited, if fund can not in time be steam again, will influence normally carrying out of supplier's production and operating activities, therefore, from the angle of cash flow, supplier always expects core enterprise's clearance in time.Further, in actual applications, core enterprise can consult, stipulate a stable account phase jointly with supplier, and whether in time the described account phase can be used as core enterprise's standard of clearing.

Here suppose that core enterprise has the supplier of m family, in period T, (1≤j≤m) tame supplier settles accounts B to j altogether _jInferior, wherein the clearing number of times greater than the account phase is b _j, j in the then described period (1≤j≤m) tame supplier's timely clearing ratio is:

$P_{\mathrm{otb}}=\frac{b_j}{B_j}\×100\%$

The average ratio of clearing in time is:

${\stackrel{\‾}{P}}_{\mathrm{otb}}=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{b}_j}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{B}_j}\×100\%$

Described timely clearing ratio that aforementioned calculation draws or described average clearing ratio can be used as the quantization index value of cash flow index.

Again for example, be example with described financial index, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that from financial angle the performance appraisal of core enterprise is carried out from profitability, debt paying ability, developing ability and four aspects of operation ability usually.Particularly, described profitability is meant that enterprise obtains the ability of profit, the financial structure situation and the business performance that are reflecting enterprise, it is the comprehensive embodiment of business solvency, developing ability and operation ability, with wherein net assets income ratio is example, described net assets income ratio is the proportionate relationship of enterprise's net profit total value and stockholder's equity, is that it can be calculated as follows acquisition from the important indicator of owner's equity angle reflection company profitability:

Net assets income ratio=net profit total value ÷ owner's equity

Wherein owner's equity adopts initial mean value with the end of term to represent usually, that is:

Net assets income ratio=net profit total value ÷ (initial owner's equity+end of term owner's equity)/2.

The described net assets income ratio that aforementioned calculation draws can be used as a quantizating index of estimating from described financial angle.

Further, also comprise from the concrete quantizating index of aspects such as time index, quality index, performance index and service indication, the indicator of costs, cooperation tendentiousness, throughput rate, service quality, assets utilization, those skilled in the art can use relevant mathematical formulae and draw the corresponding quantization index, do not repeat them here.

Further, described quality comprises core product quality and service quality, respectively with reprocessing sales return ratio and the punctual delivery ratio is represented.

The wherein said sales return ratio of reprocessing is meant the interior similar ratio that return of goods quantity accounts for the product total sales volume of reprocessing of a period of time, can embody a concentrated reflection of the quality of core product.Particularly, establish core enterprise and manage n kind commodity altogether, be m retailer's supply of material, ((1≤i≤N) plant always the reprocess return of goods quantity of commodity in period T is RE to the i that the individual retailer of 1≤j≤N) sells to j _Ji, total sales volume is TSM _Ji, then the return of goods number percent of reprocessing of i kind commodity is:

On average reprocessing return of goods number percent is:

$P_{\mathrm{RE}}^{-}=\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{RE}}_{\mathrm{ji}}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{TSM}}_{\mathrm{ji}}}\×100\%$

Further, at described debt paying ability evaluation, be divided into short-term solvency and long-term debt paying ability particularly.The former can reflect that the latter then estimates by asset-liability ratio and DFL by current rate.

Particularly, described current rate is meant the ratio of enterprise's quick current assets and current liability, show enterprise over a period to come the unit current liability have how many quick current assetss to ensure as payment.Its computing formula is:

Current rate=quick current assets ÷ current liability=(floating assets-stock-prepaid and deferred expenses-advanced charge) ÷ current liability

Described asset-liability ratio reflected enterprise on certain time point total liabilities and the proportionate relationship between the total assets, it shows in enterprise's total assets, obligee's proportion and corporate assets lasting degree of protection to Creditor's equity of providing with funds.Its computing formula is:

Described DFL is meant the multiple of net assets income ratio to the total assets rate of return on investment, has reflected the long-term debt paying ability and the profitability of enterprise.Its computing formula is:

At described developing ability evaluation, can adopt the relative change rate of absolute profit index or assets index to represent usually.Here selective selling income increase rate and total assets rate of growth are as evaluation index.

Particularly, described sales revenue rate of growth is the growth pattern of current period sales revenue with respect to last sales revenue, and it has reflected the expansion situation of retail type core enterprise main business.Its computing formula is:

Further, described total assets rate of growth is the growth pattern of end of term current period total assets with respect to last end of term total assets, and it has reflected the situation of retail type core enterprise scale enlargement.Its computing formula is:

At described operation merit rating, specifically comprise floating assets operation ability and capital assets operation ability, the former can embody by floating assets effectiveness ratio, and the latter then adopts capital assets effectiveness ratio to estimate.

Wherein, described floating assets effectiveness ratio is meant enterprise at the main business net amount of the regular period ratio with respect to floating assets, and its computing formula is:

Wherein, main business income net amount=sales revenue-sales return-selling concession-sales discount.

Further, described capital assets effectiveness ratio is meant the ratio of the main business net amount of regular period with respect to capital assets, and its computing formula is:

Wherein, net fixed assets=capital assets total value-depreciation.

At described service quality, it is to estimate an important indicator of interior business process that those skilled in the art understand described service quality.Because externally existing part is discussed in the performance, mainly selects two indexs here: Misdelivery index ratio and non-punctual delivery ratio.

Particularly, wherein said Misdelivery index ratio has reflected the distribution capacity of core enterprise.Here suppose that core enterprise's downstream retail quotient is m, (1≤j≤m) individual retailer's Misdelivery number of times is DE to j in the period T _j, the number of times of always delivering goods is TD _j, then should the average error delivery ratio in the period be: $\mathrm{pDE}=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{DE}}_j}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{TD}}_j}\×100\%$

Wherein, described non-punctual delivery ratio is meant that the non-punctual delivery number of times of core enterprise accounts for the number percent of total delivery number of times.Here suppose that core enterprise's downstream retail quotient is m, (1≤j≤m) individual retailer's non-punctual delivery number of times is NTD to j in the period T _j, the number of times of always delivering goods is TD _j, then should the non-punctual delivery ratio in the period be:

$\mathrm{pNTD}=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{NTD}}_j}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{TD}}_j}\×100\%$

At described assets utilization, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that described assets utilization is one of important efficiency index of reflection core enterprise inner working process.The formula of reaching according to academia and the characteristics of retail trade select the turnover of total assets and inventory turnover to describe the assets utilization situation of core enterprise here.

Wherein, during the described turnover of total assets sale input in the regular period with respect to the ratio of total assets.The turnover of total assets can be weighed the situation of utilizing of core enterprise's total assets effectively, and its computing formula is:

The turnover of total assets=average the total value of sales revenue net amount ÷ assets

Wherein, sales revenue net amount=sales revenue-sales return-selling concession-sales discount.

Further, described inventory turnover is meant cost of marketing in the regular period and the ratio between the stock average balance of the same period, and its computing formula is:

Inventory turnover=selling cost ÷ stock average balance

Further, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other related in the present embodiment various indexs can calculate by mathematical formulae correspondingly, do not repeat them here.

Supplier is as the upstream enterprise of described core enterprise, and its performance is all producing significant effects to the performance of core enterprise even whole piece supply chain, and it is manufacturing center, logistics support center and quality, cost control centre in the supply chain.According to the cooperative relationship of other members in supplier and the supply chain, be divided into four kinds of different types: short-term efficiency type, innovative, the long-term efficiency type and innovative for a long time of short-term according to different criterions.Wherein, described short-term efficiency type evaluation index comprises price, delivery situation, product quality, market clout degree, after sale service and floating assets efficient etc.; The innovative evaluation index of described short-term comprises production performance and technology performance; Described long-term efficiency type evaluation index comprises production performance, technology performance and PIR; Described long-term innovative evaluation index comprises production performance, technology performance, PIR and TIR etc.

Particularly, for example, with product quality in the described short-term efficiency type evaluation index is example, from core enterprise, the product quality that supplier provides can and be reprocessed return of goods rate from product percent of pass and be estimated, with wherein the return of goods rate of reprocessing is example, and the described return of goods rate of reprocessing can adopt accumulative total in a period of time to reprocess the ratio that return of goods quantity accounts for the product total sales volume to represent.Here establish the A that orders the goods of core enterprise and amount to N time in period T, wherein (1≤j≤N) inferior purchase quantity is TSM to j _i, reprocessing return of goods quantity is RE _i, then the reprocess return of goods number percent of this product in this time period is:

$P_{\mathrm{RE}}^{-}=\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{RE}}_i}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{TSM}}_j}\×100\%$

The described sales return ratio index of reprocessing also can be regarded product percent of pass as, also can carry out lateral comparison to the described sales return ratio of reprocessing, and comparison other both can be an industry mean value, also can be the better enterprise of performance etc.The return of goods number percent of reprocessing that aforementioned calculation draws so promptly can be used as from product quality angle evaluation supplier's a quantizating index.

Again for example, with the delivery situation in the described short-term efficiency type evaluation index is example, punctual delivery number percent by wherein is as a concrete quantizating index, and the punctual delivery number of times is recently represented with the percentage of total delivery number of times in the described available regular period of punctual delivery rate.Here the punctual delivery number of times of establishing certain supplier in the period T is VS _OTD, the number of times of always delivering goods is VS _TD, then this supplier's punctual delivery rate is in the described period:

${\mathrm{PS}}_{\mathrm{OTD}}=\frac{{\mathrm{VS}}_{\mathrm{OTD}}}{{\mathrm{VS}}_{\mathrm{TD}}}\×100\%$

The punctual delivery rate that aforementioned calculation draws promptly can be used as from delivery situation angle evaluation supplier's a quantizating index.Further, can also estimate described supplier's performance from market clout degree, after sale service and floating assets efficient equal angles, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that wherein each concrete quantizating index can be used relevant mathematical formulae draws, and does not repeat them here.

Further, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various indexs related in the present embodiment at least can be by realization as described below, for example:

In supplier's Performance Evaluation System under described short-term efficiency type supply chain, described price is a generalized concept, is actually the acquisition cost of core enterprise, and its procurement price that equals product adds the various variable expenses of this production payment that is untreated.If the price of the product A that supplier provides is P _A, the variable expense that core enterprise need pay is price s%; The average price of this product is P in the same industry _A, the mean variation expense of estimation is the S% of average price, then this supplier's price competitiveness is:

$P_{\mathrm{price}}=\frac{p_A\·(1+s\%)-{\stackrel{\‾}{P}}_A\·(1+\stackrel{\‾}{S}\%)}{P_A\·(1+\stackrel{\‾}{S}\%)}\×100\%$

At described product quality, wherein said product percent of pass refers to that interior specification product number of regular period accounts for the number percent of total purchase amount.Particularly, establish regular period inner core enterprise and amount to N time to supplier product purchasing A, (1≤j≤N) inferior amount of purchase is PurT to j _j, wherein the quantity of specification product is PurQ _j, then should the period in the qualification rate of the product that provides of this supplier be:

${\mathrm{RPQ}}_A=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{PurQ}}_j}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{PurT}}_j}\×100\%$

Product percent of pass also can be carried out lateral comparison, and the average qualification rate of establishing like product in the industry same period is RPQ _A(can obtain) according to the statistics that government department provides, then this supplier's advantage is:

$P_{R{\mathrm{PQ}}_A}=\frac{{\mathrm{RPQ}}_A-{\mathrm{RP}\stackrel{\‾}{Q}}_4}{{R\stackrel{\‾}{P}Q}_A}\×100\%$

At described delivery situation, wherein said order is satisfied rate and is meant that the order number of times (quantity) of actual service in the regular period accounts for the number percent of total order number of times (quantity).Particularly, establish period T inner core enterprise and amount to N time to the product A that certain supplier orders, wherein (1≤j≤N) inferior amount on order is PurT to j _j, actual service quantity is DelT _j, the amount on order in then should the period satisfies rate and is:

The order number of times satisfies rate:

$\mathrm{RofQT}=\frac{\mathrm{Num}({\mathrm{DelT}}_j={\mathrm{PurT}}_j)}{N}\×100\%$

Wherein, Num (DelT _j=PurT _j) expression satisfies the order number of times.

The time in advance of wherein said order, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the time in advance that common core enterprise having an expectation and orders goods, and be metewand with described the time in advance that the deliver goods number of times of test and appraisal less than this time in advance accounts for the number percent of total deliver goods number of times.Particularly, establish period T inner core enterprise and amount to N time to the product A that certain supplier orders, wherein j (1≤j≤N) inferior the time in advance be OLT _jThe metewand of setting the time in advance that core enterprise being order is B _OLT, number percent is the time in advance of effective order in then should the period:

$P_{\mathrm{OLT}}=\frac{\mathrm{Num}({\mathrm{OLT}}_j>B_{\mathrm{OLT}})}{N}\×100\%$

Wherein said order it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in actual applications in batches, can adopt the batch advantage of ordering goods to reflect the ability that supplier shows on this index.Particularly, the supply of material of establishing certain supplier is B in batches _Sup, the mean value of this index is B in the industry _Sup, then this supplier's order batch advantage is:

$P_{\mathrm{OB}}=\frac{B_{\sup }-B_{\sup }^{-}}{B_{\sup }^{-}}\×100\%$

At described after sale service, particularly, described after sale service level is indispensable in a supplier's performance appraisal important indicator.Specifically can complain that settling time and client complain the satisfied after sale service level that ratio is described supplier of handling by client.

Wherein said client complains settling time, establishes the interior client of period T and sends N to certain supplier altogether _CompInferior complaint, wherein j (1≤j≤N _Comp) settling time of inferior complaint is T _SCC, client and described supplier consult complaint settling time is BT _SCC, then satisfied complaint number percent settling time can be expressed as:

$P_{\mathrm{STCC}}=\frac{\mathrm{Num}(T_{\mathrm{SCC}}>{\mathrm{BT}}_{\mathrm{SCC}})}{N_{\mathrm{comp}}}\×100\%$

Wherein said client complains the satisfied ratio of handling, and establishes the interior client of period T and sends N to certain supplier altogether _CompInferior complaint, wherein obtaining the satisfied number of times that solves is N _SHcomp, then client complains that the satisfied ratio of handling can be expressed as:

$P_{\mathrm{STCC}}=\frac{N_{\mathrm{SHcomp}}}{N_{\mathrm{comp}}}\×100\%$

At described market clout degree, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the short-term cooperation has determined the efficient finiteness in the supply chain decision, so the condition of sales of product on market that supplier provides just becomes an important performance assessment criteria.Select market share and sales growth rate to estimate the influence degree of supplier on market among the present invention.

Wherein said market share is the number percent that certain supplier provides in certain period sales volume accounts for like product total sales in the industry.Particularly, establish that the sales volume of certain supplier product supplied A is SalesA in the period T _j, then the market share of the product A of this supplier's production is:

$P_{\mathrm{MS}}=\frac{{\mathrm{Sale}}_A}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{SalesA}}_j}\×100\%$

Wherein said sales growth rate be a certain period with respect to last one period sales volume growth pattern.This index has reflected the life cycle and the further profitability of this product with market share.Particularly, establish that the sales volume of certain supplier product supplied A is Sales in the period T _A, the sales volume in period T-1 is Sales _A, then the sales growth rate of this product is:

$I_{\mathrm{sales}}=\frac{{\mathrm{Sales}}_A-{\mathrm{Sa}\stackrel{\‾}{l}\mathrm{es}}_A}{{\mathrm{Sa}\stackrel{\‾}{l}\mathrm{es}}_A}\×100\%$

At floating assets efficient, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that should there be enough circulating capital buying starting material in supplier, guarantee normally carrying out of its production, thereby the order demand that ensures core enterprise can be met.Select the index of two reflections such as current rate and liquidity rate short-term solvency to reflect the floating assets efficient of enterprise among the present invention.

Wherein, described current rate is the ratio of enterprise's quick current assets and current liability, and its computing formula is:

Current rate=quick current assets ÷ floating assets=(floating assets-stock-prepaid and deferred expenses-advanced charge) ÷ current liability

Wherein, described cash ratio is the proportionate relationship between cash class assets and the current liability.Cash ratio is to the further analysis of current rate, and it is more strict to compare to current rate, because cash is the final means of paying one's debts.The debt paying ability of the high more explanation of cash ratio enterprise is strong more, otherwise shows that then the debt paying ability of enterprise is weak more, and its computing formula is:

Cash ratio=cash class assets ÷ current liability

=(floating assets-stock-prepaid and deferred expenses-advanced charge-accounts receivable) ÷ current liability

In supplier's Performance Evaluation System under the innovative supply chain of described short-term,, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that described flexibility has reflected the responding ability of supplier to objective environment, comprises quantity flexibility, time flexibility particularly at described flexible the evaluation.

Wherein said quantity flexibility is meant the adaptive faculty of supplier to the customer demand number change, can adopt supplier's profit space and productive capacity scope to describe.Particularly, establishing customer demand D obedience average is μ, and standard deviation is σ _DNormal distribution, i.e. D～N (μ, σ _D ²), (O _Min, O _Max) be supplier's profit zone, MCap _MaxMaximum productivity for supplier.Historical sales database by supplier can get:

$\mathrm{\μ}=\frac{1}{T}\underset{t=1}{\overset{T}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{d}_t$

${\mathrm{\σ}}_D^2=\frac{1}{T}\underset{t=1}{\overset{T}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(d_t-\stackrel{\‾}{d})}^2$

Wherein, d _tBe the demand in the cycle t, T is the periodicity that will investigate.

We can determine that described quantity flexibility is defined as thus:

$\mathrm{VF}=\mathrm{\Φ}\left(\frac{\min (O_{\max },{\mathrm{MCap}}_{\max })-\stackrel{\‾}{D}}{{\mathrm{\σ}}_D}\right)-\mathrm{\Φ}\left(\frac{O_{\min }-\stackrel{\‾}{D}}{{\mathrm{\σ}}_D}\right)$

Further, wherein said time flexibility has reflected that supplier changes the reflection ability of order time to client.If t ^*Be current date, L _jBe the moment at the latest of the J that finishes the work, E _jBe the moment the earliest of the J that finishes the work.If total j=1 in the system, 2 ..., the work of J item, then the total relaxation time of all working j is:

${\mathrm{TST}}_i=\underset{j=1}{\overset{J}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(L_j-t^{*})$

The minimum time of delivery of all working j is:

$T_E=\underset{i=1}{\overset{J}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(E_j-t^{*})$

Then flexible DF can obtain according to the following equation the time:

$\mathrm{DF}=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{J}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}((L_j-t^{*})-(E_j-t^{*}))}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{J}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(L_j-t^{*})}$

At described new product development ability, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that for innovative supply chain supplier's new product is introduced, development ability is the motive power that supply chain is innovated.But owing to be the short-term cooperation,, can reflect that the evaluation index of supplier's technology performance gets final product the time in advance of new product development success ratio, new product development etc. so unnecessary investigation supplier's technological infrastructure resource only needs to select the new product development frequency.

Wherein said new product development frequency is meant that supplier successfully develops in the regular period new product number accounts for the number percent of product sum, and this index has embodied the product flexibility of supplier to the customer demand variation to a certain extent.Particularly, establishing the new product number that certain supplier successfully develops in the regular period is N _NpdS, initial product number is N _B, end of term product number is N _E, then this supplier's new product development frequency is:

$f_{\mathrm{npd}}=\frac{N_{\mathrm{npdS}}}{(N_B+N_E)/2}$

Wherein said new product development success ratio is meant that the new product number of certain supplier's exploitation in the regular period accounts for the number percent of exploitation sum, and this index has reflected the efficient of supplier's new product development.Particularly, establish the new product that certain supplier develops in the regular period and add up to TN _Npd, wherein the new product number of success exploitation is N _NpdS, then this supplier's new product development success ratio is:

$R_{\mathrm{npdS}}=\frac{N_{\mathrm{npdS}}}{{\mathrm{TN}}_{\mathrm{npd}}}\×100\%$

Be meant the time in advance of wherein said new product development from the market opportunity occurring and produce new product release, obtain time of sales revenue to enterprise.In actual applications, the actual value the time in advance of can adopting new product development is with the new product development ability that relatively reflects supplier of desired value.Particularly, the actual value of establishing a time period in the new product development process is respectively t1, t2, t3, t4, and desired value is respectively t ' ₁, t ' ₂, t ' ₃, t ' ₄, the time in advance of then actual and the deviation of expection time in advance be:

${\mathrm{\Δ}}_{\mathrm{NPDLT}}=\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{4}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{t}_i-\underset{i=1}{\overset{4}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{t}_i^{\′}}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{4}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{t}_i^{\′}}\×100\%$

In supplier's Performance Evaluation System under described long-term efficiency type supply chain, comprise human capital, investment in fixed assets, financial position and management level.Wherein comprise training cost and training time per capita per capita at described human capital.

Particularly, wherein said training cost per capita is meant the proportionate relationship between interior training cost total value of regular period and the headcount.Particularly, establish interior certain supplier of period T and carry out N training altogether, wherein (1≤j≤N) inferior training cost is TrainE to j _j, initial staff number is NE _B, end of term staff number is NE _E, then should in the period this supplier's training cost per capita be:

$\mathrm{TrainEpE}=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{TrainE}}_j}{({\mathrm{NE}}_B+{\mathrm{NE}}_E)/2}$

The wherein said training time per capita is meant total training time of enterprise's input in the regular period and the proportionate relationship between the average staff number.Particularly, establish interior certain supplier of period T and carry out N training altogether, wherein (1≤j≤N) the total M people of inferior training participates in j, and (1≤i≤N) people's training time is TrainT to i _Ji, initial headcount is NE _B, end of term staff number is NE _E, then should the period in training time per capita of supplier be:

$\mathrm{TrainEpE}=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{TrainE}}_j}{({\mathrm{NE}}_B+{\mathrm{NE}}_E)/2}$

At described investment in fixed assets, those skilled in the art understand, longterm investment among the present invention refers to that mainly this part investment is producing fundamental influence to the long-term performance and the long-term profitability of enterprise in order to improve productive capacity or exploitation, to produce the investment of production equipment that new product carries out.For the situation and the results form investment of evaluation of enterprises investment in fixed assets, choose growth of fixed-asset investment rate and rate of return on investment here respectively it is estimated.

Wherein said growth of fixed-asset investment rate is meant that investment that the current period is used for fixing assets accounts for the ratio of initial original value of fixed assets, and it has reflected the degrees of expansion of enterprise's fixed investment scale.Its computing formula is as follows:

Wherein said investment in fixed assets earning rate is meant the sales revenue brought by newly increased fixed assets in the regular period and the proportionate relationship of newly increased fixed assets initial value.Particularly, establishing initial original value of fixed assets is VFA _B, productive capacity is Q _B, and in this period, do not have discarding of fixed assets to take place; The current period newly increased fixed assets are worth and are NVFA, and productive capacity is Q _NewTotal sales volume in this period is Q _Sale, and Q _Sale＞Q _B, average selling price is P, then should in period the rate of return on investment of newly increased fixed assets be:

$P_{\mathrm{NFA}}=\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{P}\·\min [Q_{\mathrm{New}},(Q_{\mathrm{Sale}}-Q_B)]}{\mathrm{NVFA}}$

At described financial position, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that owing to be long-term cooperation, therefore also must choose the financial position that long-term index is estimated supplier.Here according to the status of supplier ISC and the target of ISCPM, select two indexs such as asset-liability ratio and turnover rate of fixed assets to estimate supplier's financial position.

Wherein said asset-liability ratio is used to weigh supplier's long-term debt paying ability, has reflected whether enterprise has ability of sustainable development.Its computing formula is:

Wherein said turnover rate of fixed assets is meant sales revenue in the regular period and the proportionate relationship between the capital assets.Particularly, its computing formula is:

At described management level, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in reality was answered, the index that the present invention describes management level was converted to the indicator of costs, though can produce certain deviation like this, has effectively strengthened practicality because management level are estimated than difficult.Here our alternative costs controlling level and quality control level are estimated supplier's management level.

Wherein said cost control level is in order to obtain price competitiveness, and enterprise must adopt the various means level of controlling cost.Particularly, establishing supplier in the regular period is that to carry out the expense that cost control pays be C _ForCC, the cost of saving because taking control measure is SC _ForCC, the initial control multiple of formulating is N, then should in period the validity of cost control be:

$E_{\mathrm{CC}}=\frac{\frac{C_{\mathrm{forCC}}}{{\mathrm{SC}}_{\mathrm{forCC}}}-N}{N}\×100\%$

Wherein said quality control level and described cost control exist the input-output relation equally, have only when both are keeping rational proportion to concern, can think that just the pulpit is effective.Therefore, we can adopt the new returns brought by quality control and the multiple of input cost to reflect the quality control level of enterprise.

Particularly, establishing supplier in the regular period is that to carry out the expense that quality control pays be C _ForCC, the extra returns of going because taking control measure are EG _ForCC, the initial control multiple of formulating is N, then should in period the validity of quality be:

$E_{\mathrm{CC}}=\frac{\frac{C_{\mathrm{forCC}}}{{\mathrm{EG}}_{\mathrm{forCC}}}-N}{N}\×100\%$

In supplier's Performance Evaluation System in described long-term innovative supply chain, mainly comprise the production performance, technology performance of short-term, long-term PIR and technological infrastructure resource (TIR), first three part can be with reference at before embodiment, here mainly described TIR evaluation is described, can carries out from following two aspects usually: research and development ability and efficiency of research and development.

Wherein said research and development ability is the source of the long-term technological innovation of enterprise, uses and the scientific research personnel comprising scientific research expenditure.Particularly, the described scientific research expenditure percentage that can adopt scientific research fund in the regular period to account for sales revenue is usually recently represented.If a certain period, supplier's research funding was E _ForRD, the total sales revenue in this period is T _Sales, industry draw research funding ratio is E _Ratio ^-, then this supplier's research funding input advantage is:

$A_{\mathrm{EforRD}}=(\frac{E_{\mathrm{forRD}}}{T_{\mathrm{Sales}}}-E_{\mathrm{Ratio}}^{-})E_{\mathrm{Ratio}}^{-}\×100\%$

Further, for described scientific research personnel, mainly two angles such as pay here and estimate from scientific research personnel's quality and scientific research personnel.Particularly, described scientific research personnel's quality is established the total scientific research personnel N name of certain supplier here, and wherein (1≤j≤N) length of education enjoyed of name is YEdu to j _j, then all scientific research personnel's average education level is:

$Y\stackrel{\‾}{E}\mathrm{du}=\frac{1}{N}\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{YEdu}}_j$

Described scientific research personnel's expenditure is established the total scientific research personnel N name of certain supplier here, and wherein (1≤j≤N) expense of the expenditure of name is EforRDP to j _j, then all scientific research personnel's average expenditure level is:

$\mathrm{Efor}\stackrel{\‾}{R}\mathrm{DP}=\frac{1}{N}\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{EforRDP}}_j$

Wherein said efficiency of research and development is estimated by new product sales ratio and two indexs of new product income usually.Particularly, described new product sales ratio is that the sales revenue of new product accounts for total sales revenue number percent in the regular period.If certain supplier's new product sales revenue is N in the regular period _Sales, the sales revenue of other products is Q _Sales, then should the new product sales ratio in the period be:

${\mathrm{Ratio}}_{\mathrm{NPS}}=\frac{N_{\mathrm{Sales}}}{N_{\mathrm{Sales}}+O_{\mathrm{Sales}}}\×100\%$

Described new product earning rate is meant that the new product Gross Profit from Sales in the regular period accounts for the number percent of new product development cost.Because the life cycle of innovative product is shorter, thus can be similar to make in each period to share flexible strategy identical.Particularly, establish that certain supplier's new product Gross Profit from Sales is GrossP in the period T _N, the research and development total cost of this product is TotalC _RD, the expection life cycle is S, then should the new product earning rate in the period be:

$y_{\mathrm{NP}}=\frac{{\mathrm{GrossP}}_N}{\frac{{\mathrm{GrossP}}_N}{[S/T]}}$

Wherein, the smallest positive integral value more than or equal to X is got in [X] representative.

The retailer is as the down-stream enterprise of described core enterprise, be the member who directly faces client, and directly bearing influence from the numerous and complicated environment in market that comprises client, therefore, how to make client become real God, how market information is passed in time, accurately other members of supply chain, will fundamentally determine the whole performance of supply chain.Described retailer's performance comprises that retailer's service performance is estimated and the inner performance appraisal of retailer, and wherein, the evaluation of described retailer's service performance also comprises customer service performance and supply chain service performance; The inner performance appraisal of described retailer also comprises financial position evaluation, market development evaluation and development potentiality evaluation.

Particularly, for example, with the customer service performance appraisal in the evaluation of retailer's service performance is example, for retail type enterprise, the customer service performance mainly is subjected to product quality, service quality, product price, flexible, factor affecting such as delivery dependability and information communication, wherein in the evaluation to described delivery dependability, the index that comprises a time of delivery, the described time of delivery has reflected that can the retailer be sent to client to product in the correct time, thereby can represent that promptly punctual delivery number of times (quantity) accounts for the number percent of total delivery number of times (quantity) with the punctual delivery ratio.

Here establish in the regular period certain retailer and taken place N time altogether and deliver goods, wherein (delivery quantity of 1≤j≤N) is DQ to j _jIn N delivery, have M (M≤N) is inferior to be punctual delivery (for for simplicity, remembering that preceding M time in N time is punctual delivery), and then this retailer's punctual delivery (number of times) ratio is:

$P_{\mathrm{otd}}=\frac{M}{N}\×100\%$

Punctual delivery (quantity) ratio is:

$P_{\mathrm{otd}}^{\′}=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{DQ}}_j}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{DQ}}_j}\×100\%$

The punctual delivery that aforementioned calculation draws (quantity) ratio promptly can be used as a concrete quantizating index of estimating from the angle of customer service performance.

Again for example, at described delivery quantity, wherein said delivery quantity has reflected that can the retailer deliver client to the product of correct number, be the number percent that the delivery number of times of correct number accounts for total delivery number of times, so-called correct number is meant the product volume of actual delivery quantity more than or equal to customary orders quantity.Particularly, establish in the regular period certain retailer and taken place N time altogether and deliver goods, wherein (the actual delivery quantity of 1≤j≤N) is DQ to j _j, client's amount on order is OQ _j, then this retailer's correct delivery ratio is:

$P_{\mathrm{aqd}}=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{k}_j}{N}\×100\%(k_j=1,\mathrm{if}({\mathrm{DQ}}_j\≥{\mathrm{OQ}}_j);\mathrm{else}{k}_j=0)$

Correct delivery ratio is:

$P_{\mathrm{aqd}}=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{K}_j\·{\mathrm{OQ}}_j}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{DQ}}_j}\×100\%(k_j=1,\mathrm{if}({\mathrm{DQ}}_j\≥{\mathrm{OQ}}_j);\mathrm{else}{k}_j=0)$

Again for example, at described delivery quality, wherein said delivery quality has reflected; Can the retailer deliver product the correct client in correct place, thereby can represent with accurate delivery ratio.Particularly, establish interior certain retailer of regular period N delivery has taken place altogether, the number of times that the delivery point mistake wherein takes place is M ₁, the number of times of delivery object mistake is M ₂(M ₁+ M ₂≤ N), then this retailer's accurate delivery ratio is:

$P_{\mathrm{aqd}}=\frac{N-(M_1+M_2)-n\left(M_1{\mathrm{IM}}_2\right)}{N}\×100\%$

Wherein, n (M ₁IM ₂) represent the delivery number of times of the not only scene mistake but also the object mistake of delivering goods.

Also comprise flexibility in the described customer service performance appraisal, described flexibility has reflected the adaptive faculty of retailer to variation, the variation of time and the product category variation of customer demand quantity.Specifically can be divided into quantity flexibility, time flexibility and product flexibility.

Wherein, described quantity flexibility is caused by the customer demand change that mainly the retailer keeps flexible fully if will satisfy the demand of varying number with regard to necessary.The quantity flexibility has reflected has the retailer to satisfy the ratio that customer demand accounts for aggregate demand, can represent with profit zone usually.

Particularly, establishing customer demand D obedience average is μ, and standard deviation is σ _DNormal distribution, i.e. D～N (μ, σ _D ²).Sale database by the retailer can get:

$\mathrm{\μ}=\frac{1}{T}\underset{t=1}{\overset{T}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{d}_t$

${\mathrm{\σ}}_D^2=\frac{1}{T}\underset{t=1}{\overset{T}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(d_t-\stackrel{\‾}{d})}^2$

Wherein, d _tBe the demand in the cycle t, T is the periodicity that will investigate.

Make (O _Min, O _Max) be retailer's profit zone, Inv _MaxBe maximum storage capacity.According to Sethi﹠amp; Sethi (1990) quantity flexibility may be defined as:

${\mathrm{vf}}_R=\mathrm{\Φ}\left(\frac{\min (O_{\max },{\mathrm{Inv}}_{\max })-\stackrel{\‾}{D}}{{\mathrm{\σ}}_D}\right)-\mathrm{\Φ}\left(\frac{O_{\min }-\stackrel{\‾}{D}}{{\mathrm{\σ}}_D}\right)$

Described time flexibility mainly is that the variation by the time of delivery causes.This index can account for the percentage of total relaxation time and recently represent by the slack time that can shorten delivery date.

Particularly, establish t ^*Be current date, L _jBe the moment at the latest of the J that finishes the work, E _jBe the moment the earliest of the J that finishes the work.If total j=1 in the system, 2......, the work of J item, then be the slack time of all working j:

${\mathrm{TST}}_1=\underset{j=1}{\overset{J}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(L_j-t^{*})$

The minimum time of delivery of all working j is:

$T_E=\underset{j=1}{\overset{J}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(E_j-t^{*})$

Then flexible DF can obtain according to the following equation the time:

$\mathrm{DF}=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{J}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(L_j-E_j)}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{J}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(L_j-t^{*})}$

Described product flexibility has reflected that the retailer introduces the ability of new product.This index can account for the seniority in the family of product sum by the quantity of new product in the regular period and recently represent.If the new product category number that certain retailer introduces in the period T is Q _NP, initial product adds up to Q _TPB, the product in the end of term adds up to Q _TPE, then the computing formula of product flexibility is:

${\mathrm{pf}}_R=\frac{Q_{\mathrm{NP}}}{(Q_{\mathrm{TPB}}+Q_{\mathrm{TPE}})/2}\×100\%$

Also comprise service quality in the described customer service performance appraisal, for the retailer, service quality is the key factor that influences inner value of ISC and value outside, can adopt client to complain that ratio and client complain settling time and describe usually.

Wherein, described client complains that ratio has reflected " afterwards " service quality of enterprise.Specifically can complain that the percentage of number of times and total number of transactions number recently represents by client.If the client in the period T complains that number of times is V _C, the total number of transactions number is V _TT, coefficient is ρ _R, then client's complaint rate is:

$P_{\mathrm{cR}}=\frac{\mathrm{\ρ}\·V_C}{V_{\mathrm{TT}}}\×100\%$

Wherein, the percentage that described client complains settling time and can adopt satisfied solution number of times to account for total complaint number of times usually represents that recently the wherein so-called satisfied number of times that solves is meant the number of times of settling time less than enterprise's stipulated time or expectations of customers time.Particularly, establish that total complaint number of times of client is Q in the period T ^Total, wherein satisfied solution number of times is Q _R ^Above, then client complains settling time and can be expressed as:

$P_{\mathrm{TSCC}}=\frac{Q_R^{\mathrm{above}}}{Q^{\mathrm{total}}}\×100\%$

The evaluation of described retailer's service performance also comprises the supply chain service performance, those skilled in the art understand, described retailer is not only to give client merchandise sales to the contribution of whole supply chain, the more important thing is to pass to other affiliates to various valuable information in time, exactly.As information search center and early warning center, retailer's supply chain service performance embodies a concentrated reflection of in the information service.This effect can be estimated from following four aspects, i.e. the accuracy of information, promptness and validity, and the advance of infosystem.

Wherein, the correctness of described information be meant data that the retailer uploads whether accurately, do not have a mistake.May there be two kinds of mistakes in the data that other members receive: the one, and the mistake that produces in the transport process; The 2nd, the typing mistake of data.The former depends primarily on the stability of system, and the latter is then determined by retailer's service quality.The percentage that the accuracy of information can adopt the correct number of times that transmits of data to account for total transmission number of times is recently represented.Particularly, establishing the total degree that retailer's data transmit in the regular period is TN _Data, the wherein correct number of times that transmits is CN _Data, then the correct ratio that transmits of this retailer is:

$P_{\mathrm{CI}}=\frac{{\mathrm{CN}}_{\mathrm{data}}}{{\mathrm{TN}}_{\mathrm{data}}}\×100\%$

Wherein, the promptness of described information is meant whether the data that the retailer uploads are punctual, do not influence normally carrying out of decision-making.Thus, we can find a kind of method of evaluation information promptness, and promptly the timely number of times that transmits of data accounts for the number percent of total transmission number of times.Particularly, establishing certain retailer needs to transmit relevant data N time to core enterprise every day, and wherein the number of times that in time transmits is n _t, probation is T days, then should the period in retailer's promptness of transmitting information be:

$P_{\mathrm{DI}}=\frac{\underset{t=1}{\overset{T}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{n}_t}{N\·T}\×100\%$

Wherein, the validity of described information is meant that the information that the retailer transmits is that core enterprise needs, Useful Information, rather than " rubbish " information, and the percentage that the validity of information also can adopt effective transmission number of times to account for total degree is recently represented.Particularly, establishing probation is T days, and (1≤t≤T) number of times of day transmission is S to certain retailer t _tInferior, wherein the number of times that in time transmits is n _t, then should the period in retailer's validity ratio of transmitting information be:

$P_{\mathrm{VI}}=\frac{\underset{t=1}{\overset{T}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{n}_t}{\underset{t=1}{\overset{T}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{s}_t^{21}}\×100\%$

Wherein, the advance of described infosystem is determining promptness, correctness and the validity that information is transmitted to a great extent.Therefore, we can adopt percentage that regular period internal information system input cost the accounts for total sales revenue advance of evaluation information system recently.Particularly, establishing certain retailer in the regular period is C to the input of infosystem _ForIS, the total sales revenue in this period is TG _Sales, then the advance of this retailer's infosystem can be expressed as:

$P_{\mathrm{AI}}=\frac{C_{\mathrm{forIS}}}{{\mathrm{TG}}_{\mathrm{sales}}}\×100\%$

Again for example, be evaluated as example with financial position in the inner performance appraisal of retailer, because the retailer is in the downstream of supply chain, therefore when its financial position is estimated, must investigate its debt paying ability, operation efficiency and developing ability emphatically, wherein, described debt paying ability can be estimated with liquidity rate, and described liquidity rate is the proportionate relationship between current assets of enterprises and the current liability.Because the commodity that the retailer sells have stronger marketability, even therefore under very disadvantageous situation, also can reclaim the fund of significant proportion, this also is to select the reason of liquidity rate as evaluation index for use, particularly, its computing formula is:

The liquidity rate that aforementioned calculation draws promptly can be used as a concrete quantizating index of estimating from the financial position angle.Further, can also estimate from aspects such as accounts receivable turnover, client development abilities.

Can also select accounts receivable turnover evaluation for use at described debt paying ability, described accounts receivable turnover be meant enterprise over a period to come sell proportionate relationship between net amount and the average accounts receivable on credit, its computing formula is:

Funds on account turnover rate=sell on credit net amount ÷ average accounts receivable

Wherein, sell net amount=sales revenue-cash sale income-sales return-selling concession-sales discount on credit, average accounts receivable is an accounts receivable after the deduction bad credit is prepared, the arithmetical mean of initial and end of term accounts receivable remaining sum.Should comprise also that when determining average accounts receivable enterprise does not handle the trade note receivable of discount to bank or other financial institutions.

Further, can also select interest cover ratio evaluation for use, described interest cover ratio is meant IBTT and the relation of the multiple between the current institute interest payment expense that enterprise is obtained over a period to come, and its computing formula is:

Interest cover ratio=(total profit+interest expense) ÷ interest expense

=(net profit+income tax+interest expense) ÷ interest expense

Further, can also select for use the debt equity ratio to estimate, described debt equity ratio is meant the proportionate relationship between corporate debt total value and the owner's equity total value, and reflection obligee's credits come from the degree of protection of owner's equity, and its computing formula is:

At described efficiency of operation, we can select the velocity of liquid assets and the stock turnover rate evaluation index as described efficiency of operation for use.

Wherein, the described velocity of liquid assets is meant turnover that current assets of enterprises is finished over a period to come and the ratio between the average occupying volume of floating assets, reflection floating assets turnaround speed and economic benefit over a period to come, and its computing formula is:

The velocity of liquid assets=average the occupying volume of floating assets turnover ÷ floating assets

Wherein said stock turnover rate be meant enterprise over a period to come cost of marketing and the proportionate relationship between the stock average balance of the same period, its computing formula is:

Stock turnover rate=cost of marketing ÷ stock average balance

At described developing ability, can adopt the relative change rate of absolute profit index or assets index to represent usually, specific to the retailer, can selective selling income increase rate represent that its computing formula is:

Again for example, be evaluated as example with the market development capability in the inner performance appraisal of retailer, particularly, retailer's the market development capability can be described by following two indexs: client development ability and retailer's external image.

Wherein said client development ability is meant that interior big customer newly developed of regular period accounts for the number percent of big customer's total quantity.Particularly, establishing interior certain retailer big customer's quantity newly developed of regular period is N _Bc, j (1≤j≤N wherein _Bc) individual client's the consumption amount of money is Sum _jBus's amount of initial this retailer is N _Begin, i (1≤i≤N _Bc) individual client's the consumption amount of money is Sum _i, then retailer's client development ability is:

$C_{\mathrm{NCD}}=\frac{N_{\mathrm{bc}}}{(N_{\mathrm{begin}}+(N_{\mathrm{begin}}+N_{\mathrm{bc}}))/2}\×100\%=\frac{N_{\mathrm{bc}}}{N_{\mathrm{begin}}+N_{\mathrm{bc}}/2}\×100\%$

The client development ability of consumption amount of money angle is:

$C_{\mathrm{NCD}}^{\′}=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N_{\mathrm{bc}}}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{Sum}}_j}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N_{\mathrm{bv}}}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{Sum}}_j+\underset{i=1}{\overset{N_{\mathrm{begin}}}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{Su}{\stackrel{\‾}{m}}_i}\×100\%$

Wherein, described retailer's image can adopt the expression recently of equal scale enterprise marketing income.Particularly, the sales revenue of establishing certain retailer in the regular period is TotalS, and other retailers' of equal scale average sales revenue is TotalS in the same time, and then this retailer's vivid advantage is:

$\mathrm{IR}=\frac{\mathrm{TotalS}}{\mathrm{To}\stackrel{\‾}{t}\mathrm{alS}}\×100\%$

At described development potentiality evaluation, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that described development potentiality mainly refers to the potentiality of human resources, from the angle of described human resource management, improve employee's quality, the most effective way is exactly in time to staffs training.The evaluation of corporate training situation can be carried out from two angles usually, i.e. training time and training cost per capita per capita.

The wherein said training time per capita is meant total training time of enterprise's input in the regular period and the proportionate relationship between the average staff number.Particularly, establish interior certain retailer of period T and carry out N training altogether, wherein (1≤j≤N) inferior training M people's participation altogether, (1≤i≤M) people's training time is TrainT to i to j _Ji, initial staff number is NE _B, end of term staff number is NE _E, then should the period in training time per capita of supplier be:

$\mathrm{TrainEpE}=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{i=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{TrainE}}_{\mathrm{ji}}}{({\mathrm{NE}}_B+{\mathrm{NE}}_E)/2}$

Wherein said training cost per capita is meant that regular period inner core enterprise is used for the ratio of staffs training expense and employee's sum.Particularly, establishing the interior total training cost of corporate payments of period T is C _Training, initial staff number is NE _b, end of term staff number is NE _e, then should the average training cost of employee in the period be:

Further, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that each the concrete quantizating index that relates in this step can calculate by relevant mathematical formulae, for example in conjunction with above-mentioned elaboration and existing techniques in realizing, does not repeat them here.

Then, execution in step S211 determines the customer satisfaction evaluating index.Customer value is that embody the outside of integrated supply chain performance, and customer satisfaction is unique evaluation index of customer value.The quantizating index of described customer satisfaction evaluating comprises any in the quantitative analysis index of the quantitative analysis index of quantitative analysis index, price of flexible quantitative analysis index, reliability and quality or appoints a plurality of.

Particularly, be example with the quantitative analysis index of flexibility, comprise product flexibility, time flexibility, quantity flexibility etc., wherein said product flexibility can be expressed as in the regular period T new product and introduce the number percent that quantity (kind) accounts for product quantity (kind).Here the species number of establishing new product is Q _NP, each product category that supply chain is managed adds up to Q _TP, then the computing formula of product flexibility is:

The product flexibility that aforementioned calculation draws promptly can be used as a concrete quantizating index of amount of compliance fractional analysis.

Again for example, be example with the quantitative analysis of reliability, comprise number percent, punctual delivery rate, the client's complaint rate etc. of selling that lose, the available client of wherein said client's complaint rate complains that the percentage of number of times and total number of transactions number recently represents.Usually enterprise sets up relevant reception mechanism to collect client's feedback information, but in many cases, client's complaint does not feed back to enterprise, need multiply by one when therefore calculating the complaint number of times greater than 1 coefficient.Client complains that number of times can obtain by the customer account management database, and the total number of transactions number then can obtain from the sale database statistics.Here the client who establishes in the period T complains that number of times is V _C, the total number of transactions number is V _TT, coefficient is ρ, then client's complaint rate is:

$P_c=\frac{\mathrm{\ρ}\×V_c}{V_{\mathrm{TT}}}\×100\%$

Client's complaint rate that aforementioned calculation draws promptly can be used as a concrete quantizating index of reliability quantitative analysis.Further, also comprise on year-on-year basis the average price advantage, report sales return ratio, client for repairment and complain settling time etc. and quantize index.Further, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that each the concrete quantizating index that relates in this step can calculate by relevant mathematical formulae, for example in conjunction with above-mentioned elaboration and existing techniques in realizing, does not repeat them here.

Then, execution in step S212 calculates above-mentioned two class quantization indexs based on analytical hierarchy process.Analytical hierarchy process is the U.S.'s a kind of multiple goal, multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) method that scholar Saaty foundes of planning strategies for, it combines quantitatively and qualitative analysis, thinking methodization, stratification with the people, the decision scheme quality is sorted, the fine quality that analytical hierarchy process itself is had has determined it to be more suitable in the index flexible strategy of determining the objective appraisal system, understand such as, described analytical hierarchy process thinking, with people's thinking digitizing, systematization, be convenient to accept and calculate easily; Needed data message is less, but can clearly analyze the essence of problem, the factor that comprises and internal relation thereof; Qualitative analysis and quantitative test are organically combined, and multi-level, multiobject big system optimization problem is effective for solving.Further, the characteristics of integrated supply chain Performance Evaluation System self also are the main causes that the present invention adopts analytical hierarchy process, such as, the complication system that supplier's performance is made up of production performance and technology performance, interaction, mutual restriction between them, and each performance is subjected to influence of various factors again, can resolve into different sub-indexs, for example, the production performance can be decomposed into responding ability, delivery, quality, after sale service etc., and quality index can be investigated from a plurality of angles, thereby constitutes complicated " tree " shape system.This " tree " shape system has been not only for analytical hierarchy process provides " structure " basis, and increased appraisement system dirigibility in actual applications.The specific implementation of this step can be with reference to following embodiment.

At last, execution in step S213 determines performance appraisal result (parameter) according to described result of calculation.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the economic implications of each evaluation index differs from one another in integrated supply chain performance appraisal index system, the form of expression is also different, has plenty of the absolute number index, has plenty of relative indicatrix, also has plenty of the average index; Effect trend to the evaluation object system is also inconsistent, what have belongs to direct index, what have belongs to appropriate index, what also have belongs to inverse indicators, and direct index requires numerical value to be the bigger the better, and appropriate index request numerical value is moderate in well, inverse indicators then requires numerical value the smaller the better, therefore do not have comparability between each index, do not handle, just can't carry out comprehensive evaluation if do not carry out dimensionless.So need carry out dimensionless to the aforementioned calculation result handles, those skilled in the art understand, described dimensionless processing is standardization, the normalization process to evaluation index numerical value, it is a method of eliminating the influence of index dimension by certain mathematic(al) manipulation, both character, the different index of dimension were converted into relative number, i.e. a quantized value that can carry out comprehensive evaluation.Obtain at last through the quantized value after the dimensionless processing, the flexible strategy of each index, and score and its total sequencing weight in complex of each index multiplied each other, can obtain the final score of this integrated supply chain performance appraisal, thereby determine described performance appraisal result parameter.

Further, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various indexs related in the present embodiment at least can be by realization as described below, for example:

At described information flow index, in the practical application, can provide the rate of change of information number of times to reflect that the former provides the situation of information service to supplier according to core enterprise.If the current period, core enterprise provided market information n to provider altogether _TInferior, the number of times of last first phase is n _T-1, then provide the rate of change of information number of times to be:

$r_{\mathrm{io}}=\frac{n_T-n_{T-1}}{n_{T-1}}\×100\%$

At described logistics index (Logistics Perspective), exist two kinds of logistics in the supply chain: a kind of is from top to bottom starting material → semi-manufacture → finished product stream, i.e. logistics on the ordinary meaning, and we are called " main flow "; Another kind is defect ware or a poor seller stream via retailer → core enterprise → supplier from bottom to top, and we are called " auxilliary logistics ".For main flow, supplier is the person of sending; And for auxilliary logistics, supplier then is the recipient.In the practical application, can adopt the amount of money (Sum ofSecondary Logistics of Unit Time) that takies of auxilliary logistics of core enterprise's unit interval to reflect that supplier reclaims the situation of defect ware or poor seller.Obviously, this index is the smaller the better.Be located in the period T, the amount of money that takies of auxilliary logistics unit time is Sum _t(1≤t≤T), then the amount of money that takies of auxilliary logistics is in core enterprise's unit interval:

${\mathrm{ssl}}_{\mathrm{ut}}=\frac{1}{T}\underset{t=1}{\overset{T}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{sum}}_t$

At the time index that described client's index is comprised, preferably, index and the flexible index of delivery are measured the performance of core enterprise time in advance of employing.In the practical application, the retailer can and the L metastable delivery of one of core enterprise's agreement the time in advance ₀With E (L _S) have a necessarily relation), the percentage that the delivery number of times the time in advance of therefore can adopting greater than agreement accounts for total delivery number of times is recently weighed the delivery quality of core enterprise.If the total delivery number of times in the period T is Del _T, the delivery number of times the time in advance of wherein greater than agreement is Gdel _t, index can be measured with following formula time in advance of then:

${\mathrm{Per}}_l=\frac{{\mathrm{Gdel}}_t}{{\mathrm{Del}}_T}\×100\%$

Similarly, the flexible index of above-mentioned delivery (Dlivery Fexibility) has reflected the adaptive faculty of core enterprise when the time of delivery, generation was changed.This index can adopt slack time the percentage of (SlackTime) recently to represent.If whole delivery process is divided into M the stage (for example go-no-go, packing, transportation etc.), j stage is by m _jItem work is formed; L _MjFor finishing the maximum duration of the work j needs among the stage m; E _MjBe the shortest time that the work j that finishes among the stage m needs, the flexible DF that then delivers goods can obtain according to the following equation:

One at present embodiment changes in the example, order between described step S210 and the described step S211 can be changed, promptly determine customer satisfaction performance appraisal index earlier, determine supply chain performance appraisal index again, those skilled in the art understand, the change of described sequencing does not influence essence of the present invention, does not repeat them here.

Fig. 2 shows the second embodiment of the present invention, in a kind of integrated supply chain performance appraisal method about the job step process flow diagram of analytical hierarchy process.Those skilled in the art understand, the above-mentioned main flow process of having described whole integrated supply chain performance appraisal method embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, comprised definite supply chain performance quantizating index, determine the quantizating index of customer satisfaction evaluating, based on analytical hierarchy process above-mentioned two class quantization indexs calculated, determined according to described result of calculation performance appraisal result's process, further, the step of above-mentioned two class quantization indexs being calculated based on analytical hierarchy process that present embodiment will be primarily aimed at wherein on the basis of the described embodiment of Fig. 1 is explained in detail.

Particularly, at first execution in step S220 constructs the integrated supply chain Performance Evaluation System.The first step of analytical hierarchy process is exactly to set up the hierarchical chart of appraisement system (for example shown in Figure 7) as the case may be, as described in above-mentioned embodiment, the overall goals of integrated supply chain performance appraisal comprises that customer value and supply chain are worth, wherein, customer value is mainly estimated by customer satisfaction, and supply chain value is mainly estimated by input, output and three aspects of finance, and concrete integrated supply chain Performance Evaluation System can not repeat them here with reference to embodiment illustrated in fig. 6.

Then, execution in step S221 is according to described appraisement system structure judgment matrix.Those skilled in the art understand, described integrated supply chain Performance Evaluation System can be divided into destination layer, rule layer (also comprising sub-rule layer etc.) and solution layer, common described destination layer has only an element, generally it is the intended target or the desired result of problem analysis, such as the whole performance of the integrated supply chain among the present invention; Described rule layer has comprised for realizing the related intermediate link of target, is worth such as customer value among the present invention and supply chain, further, also comprises sub-rule layers such as customer satisfaction, input, output, finance; Described solution layer then is included as and realizes the alternative various measures of target, decision scheme, such as a series of concrete performance indicators such as the product flexibility among the present invention, return on total assets, fixed assets cost, sales growth rates.After described hierarchical structure is set up, need relatively construct judgment matrix in twos to each index that is in same level in the assessment indicator system, for example shown in Figure 8, do not repeat them here.

Then, execution in step S222 determines the index flexible strategy of all indexs of correlation.The definite method that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that described evaluation index mainly comprises tournament method, Triangular Fuzzy Number method and improved grey correlation method etc., and the specific implementation process is shown in following embodiment.Wherein, described tournament method is that the different indexs that are under the same node are compared in twos, constructs judgment matrix, draws the ordering vector of judgment matrix then by certain algorithm; Described Triangular Fuzzy Number method is at first to have been proposed to represent the fuzzy method of relatively judging with Triangular Fuzzy Number by a Dutch scholar, and the computing and the logarithm least square method of utilization Triangular Fuzzy Number, tries to achieve the ordering of element.Wherein, concrete definition the present invention of Triangular Fuzzy Number does not provide, and those skilled in the art can not repeat them here with reference to the described Triangular Fuzzy Number method of relevant mathematics literature; Described grey correlation method and above-mentioned two kinds of methods are different, described method is a kind of method that can determine index weight and comprehensive evaluation result simultaneously, the ash association is meant uncertain association between the things, or uncertain related between system factor and the principal act factor, and described Gray Association Analysis can reference sequences and the degree of closeness of the collection of curves shape of comparative sequences, judge the approaching of variation tendency, generally choosing optimal case is reference sequences, the scheme that the degree of association is big more is excellent more with it, on the other hand, when determining weight with grey correlation method, choose each index and be son row, choose directly that reflected appraisal purpose index be a reference columns, and constitute grey association factor and gather grey incident space, obtain the grey degree of association of each son row and reference columns at last, arrangement just can obtain the weight of each index.

At last, execution in step S223 determines to calculate according to described index flexible strategy and corresponding quantization index.The method of described definite index flexible strategy will be set forth among the described embodiment hereinafter, does not repeat them here.Further, have comparability, must carry out dimensionless to evaluation index and handle in order to guarantee evaluation result, on this basis, index score after overall target flexible strategy and dimensionless are handled can obtain the final appraisal results of each evaluation object, makes corresponding decision-making in view of the above.

Fig. 3 shows the third embodiment of the present invention, and a kind of tournament method that uses in integrated supply chain performance appraisal method is determined the process flow diagram of index flexible strategy.Those skilled in the art understand, in the process of the described analytical hierarchy process of utilization Fig. 2, especially when determining the flexible strategy of described each quantizating index, usually can adopt traditional tournament method or Triangular Fuzzy Number method or grey correlation method etc., present embodiment is mainly set forth the idiographic flow of wherein said tournament method.

Particularly, at first, execution in step S230 determines in the described special parameter the different indexs quantitative index of relative importance between any two.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that described tournament method is exactly that the different indexs that are under the same node are compared in twos, construct judgment matrix, draw the ordering vector of judgment matrix then by certain algorithm.Here at first need to solve the scale problem, described scale is meant the quantity yardstick of relative importance between the key element in twos.Scale fixes in the analytical hierarchy process really and occupies an important position, and whether its selection has appropriately directly determined the correctness and the validity of final flexible strategy.There are many defectives in 1-9 Scale Method commonly used, such as the truly feels and the judgement that are difficult to determine expert and decision maker; Do not satisfy the transitivity criterion; Analytic hierarchy process principle requires relatively to judge the ratio of the importance of two two indexes, is the poor of importance and described 1-9 scale provides.At the problems referred to above, many scholars have done improvement in various degree, have proposed the method for various scales, and roughly can be divided into two kinds: a kind of is the reciprocity scale, such as, index scale, 9/9-9/1 scale, 1-1.5 ⁶Scale etc.; Another kind is complementary scale, such as, 0.1-0.9 scale, the capable conversion of 0-1 etc.Compare by analysis, it is considered herein that 1-1.5 ⁶Scale not only satisfies the transitivity criterion, and has better fitting degree with people's the mode of thinking, therefore adopts described 1-1.5 when determining the index flexible strategy with tournament method ⁶Scale.

Then, execution in step S231 carries out consistency check and correction to described judgment matrix.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the judgment matrix that the expert provides may have inconsistency under the influence of scale itself and people's subjectivity double factor, in this case, the reply judgment matrix is tested and is revised.When judgment matrix occurs illustrating that each expertise difference is bigger when inconsistent, need be proofreaied and correct judgment matrix.Preferably, adopt objective approach to proofread and correct, promptly adopt the quantitative Diagnosis method, at first determine the subject matter of described judgment matrix by computer system, and then by the suggestion research appropriate change ratio of computer decision-making system simulation brainstrust, it is proofreaied and correct to meeting the requirements the most at last.For example, the reciprocal element that interrelates of two column vectors of utilization vector angle correcting action maximum; Again for example, by calculating the matrix everywhere and the deviation matrix of normalization judgment matrix, the method for finding out absolute value greatest member in the deviation matrix solves the inconsistent problem of judgment matrix.Those skilled in the art can realize such trimming process in conjunction with prior art, do not repeat them here.

Further, execution in step S232 calculates the ordering vector of described judgment matrix.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the calculating at the judgment matrix in AHP ordering vector is theoretical core always, proposed the computing method of many ordering vectors at present in theoretical circles, such as EM, LLSM, LSM, GEM, LDM, MDM etc.The present invention has adopted easy, the effective LAM method of a kind of calculating (minimum clamp horn cupping) to calculate ordering vector, and those skilled in the art can realize this step in conjunction with prior art, do not repeat them here.

At last, execution in step S233 carries out the level processing of always sorting at described judgment matrix, and it is carried out consistency check.Particularly, constructing judgment matrix through tournament method, and after obtaining the single preface of level, needing to calculate the sequencing weight of all factors of same level top (destination layer) relative importance, be total ordering of level, this process is successively carried out to lowermost layer by top.Further, consistency check for the total ordering of level, also successively carry out to low level from high-level, judge by the numerical value that calculates corresponding mean random coincident indicator whether the total ranking results of described level has satisfactory consistance, otherwise will readjust the value of judgment matrix element, till it meets the requirements.

Fig. 4 shows the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and a kind of Triangular Fuzzy Number method of using in integrated supply chain performance appraisal method is determined the process flow diagram of index flexible strategy.What it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present embodiment elaboration is the another kind of method of determining flexible strategy in the described analytical hierarchy process, promptly described Triangular Fuzzy Number method.

At first, execution in step S240 is to the different indexs employing Triangular Fuzzy Number structure fuzzy judgment matrix of same level in the described special parameter.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that described step is to a certain factor in the rule layer, whole n factors compare in twos in the associated solution layer, adopt the Triangular Fuzzy Number quantificational expression, i.e. fuzzy judgment matrix.

Execution in step S241 then determines the comprehensive judgment matrix of the different indexs of same level in the described special parameter, and obtains the fuzzy synthesis degree value by correlation formula.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the comprehensive Triangular Fuzzy Number of trying to achieve solution layer according to correlation formula, obtain in the described solution layer k the combined factors judgment matrix of all factors thus, obtain the fuzzy synthesis degree value according to correlation formula again rule layer.Wherein said correlation formula, those skilled in the art can not repeat them here with reference to the particulars in the relevant mathematical literature.

Further, execution in step S242 determines in the described special parameter the single preface of each index on the same level.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that according to the relevant nature of described Triangular Fuzzy Number i factor in the solution layer obtained on the described solution layer each factor to the single preface of k factor on the rule layer through normalized.

At last, execution in step S243 is at the synthetic ordering of above-mentioned single preface calculating to general objective.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that according to the single preface of the above-mentioned process normalized that obtains and described rule layer ordering weight vectors, obtain in the solution layer all elements the synthetic ordering of destination layer to destination layer.

Change in the example at one of described embodiment, the present invention determines that to above-mentioned Triangular Fuzzy Number method the process of index flexible strategy improves.There are following two problems in the computing method that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the Triangular Fuzzy Number flexible strategy of above-mentioned introduction: (1) described method result calculated is actually the poor of two index importance, rather than the ratio of importance; (2) if certain index " definitely " less than other indexs, then described Triangular Fuzzy Number method lost efficacy.

At the problems referred to above, the present invention has provided the computing method that Triangular Fuzzy Number after two kinds of improvement is determined index flexible strategy.Wherein, first method is comparatively succinct, is mainly used in the less demanding situation of evaluation result, is called succinct scheme.Described succinct scheme is that confidence level is introduced in the common stock judgment matrix, those skilled in the art understand, fuzzy judgment matrix all has a fuzzy Judgment interval to each index, expert judging result's confidence level has been reflected in described interval, " fiducial interval " that also can be regarded as in a sense in the mathematical statistics is big more, and confidence level is more little; Otherwise confidence level is big more, so both can eliminate two problems of above-mentioned existence, can show " uncertainty " of expert judgments influence to evaluation result again.Another kind method is called complex scenario, described complex scenario is the further improvement to above-mentioned succinct scheme, described scheme is at first coordinated the expert opinion result, calculate the index flexible strategy in the thought of utilizing succinct scheme then, therefore evaluation result is being required when stricter, preferably, can select described complex scenario to come the parameter flexible strategy.

In conjunction with Fig. 3 and the described embodiment of Fig. 4, those skilled in the art understand, with tournament method structure judgment matrix the time, under a lot of situations, especially for qualitative index, the relative importance between any two can not be represented with a numeral simply, but one " fiducial interval " will be arranged, in this case, just can adopt the method for Triangular Fuzzy Number to construct judgment matrix.Particularly, can be according to different enterprises, the suitable method of selections such as classification of different performance appraisal indexs is calculated, and does not repeat them here.

Fig. 5 shows the fifth embodiment of the present invention, a kind of in integrated supply chain performance appraisal method the improved grey correlation method of utilization determine the process flow diagram of index flexible strategy and comprehensive evaluation result.Particularly, at first execution in step S250 carries out dimensionless to each index in the described special parameter and handles generation evaluation matrix.For example, total m item index has n scheme in the integrated supply chain performance index appraisement system, and then estimating matrix is A=(a _Ij) _{M * n}, wherein, a _IjRepresent the desired value of j scheme about i evaluation index, it is the index that obtains after the primary data dimensionless is handled, and estimates wherein that each row is called comparing data row again in the matrix.

Then, execution in step S251 chooses the optimum or the most bad value in the reference sequences, and wherein said reference sequences is the arbitrary row in the above-mentioned evaluation matrix.Those skilled in the art understand, because the above-mentioned evaluation matrix that provides is handled through dimensionless, it all is direct index, be that described desired value is the bigger the better, when choosing the optimum or the most bad value of a certain index, can directly choose maximum or the minimum value of described index in each comparing data row, perhaps desirable optimum the or the most bad value of described index.

Then, execution in step S252 determines the deviate matrix, and wherein said deviate matrix comprises excellent deviation matrix and bad deviation matrix.Wherein, excellent deviation matrix UA=(ua _Ij) _{M * n}, bad deviation matrix LA=(la _Ij) _{M * n}Further, execution in step S253 determines the deviation ratio matrix, wherein, and excellent deviation ratio matrix R=(r _Ij) _{M * n}, bad deviation ratio matrix S=(s _Ij) _{M * n}Further, execution in step S254 determines two-stage deviation extreme value, particularly, determines the two-stage maximal value and the two-stage minimum value of two-stage maximal value, two-stage minimum value and the bad deviation of excellent deviation respectively.

Then, execution in step S255 calculates the weight of each index.Particularly,, in R, get the vectorial ri of row, in S, get the corresponding vectorial si of row, ask the included angle cosine of two vectors then, at last described included angle cosine normalization is obtained the weight vector of index for i index.Then, execution in step S256 asks the correlation coefficient matrix.Particularly, calculate excellent correlation coefficient matrix and bad correlation coefficient matrix respectively, and utilize the otherness between resolution ratio raising numerical value, Sohu of Soviet Union resolution ratio is more little, and the resolving power of the coefficient that obtains is just big more, preferably, and described resolution ratio value 0.5.

Then, execution in step S257 asks the degree of association.Particularly, calculate the excellent degree of association and the bad degree of association respectively.At last, execution in step S258 utilizes the excellent degree of association or the bad degree of association that evaluation objective is sorted.Particularly, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that and to utilize the excellent degree of association that the wherein said excellent degree of association is to be the bigger the better; Perhaps utilize the bad degree of association, the wherein said bad degree of association is the smaller the better) carry out the ordering of scheme.Further, also can utilize comprehensive evaluation method, obtain the comprehensive degree of association of scheme, promptly consider the method for the excellent degree of association and the bad degree of association simultaneously, can improve the accuracy of evaluation like this, wherein said concrete comprehensive evaluation method can not repeat them here with reference to relevant mathematical literature.

Fig. 6 shows first embodiment of the invention, a kind of synoptic diagram of whole Performance Evaluation System of integrated supply chain.Those skilled in the art understand, the performance of described integrated supply chain is meant that each member of supply chain is by information reconciliation and shared, under the support of internal and external resources such as supply chain infrastructure, human resources and technological development, by the movable aggregate value that increases and create such as logistics management, production operation, the marketing, customer service, information development.Wherein said aggregate value is made up of two parts: customer value and supply chain are worth, and as shown in Figure 6, the former is the value that external consumers/client obtains by purchase product, the service of acceptance, and it is made up of basic value and extra value; The latter is the value of each member enterprise of supply chain by comings and goings increase and creation, and it is made up of the value of independent value that produces of every kind of activity and generation jointly and the ability that supply chain satisfies customer demand.

The integrated supply chain performance has defined above-mentioned two kinds of value, and these two kinds of value have defined the performance level that supply chain should reach from outside and inner respectively, thereby also must start with from this two aspect when the whole performance of supply chain estimated.Described integrated supply chain is a big system, described system is made up of subsystems such as supplier, core enterprise and retailers, to estimate the whole performance of supply chain so, according to the input-output model, see it as a black box, as long as we know the two ends of described black box, i.e. input and output gets final product so long, each subsystem can be further examined in evaluation for its inner working situation, in addition again in conjunction with finishing the performance appraisal that supply chain is worth to the financial analysis of described supply chain.The System Framework of the whole performance appraisal of integrated supply chain as shown in the figure, the whole performance of wherein said integrated supply chain is the general objective of appraisement system, customer value and supply chain are worth and are the one-level evaluation index of above-mentioned general objective, and indexs such as customer satisfaction and input, output, finance are the secondary evaluation indexes under the described one-level evaluation index.

The all right refinement of the quantizating index of the customer satisfaction evaluating under the described customer value evaluation index, particularly, comprise flexible quantitative analysis index, the quantitative analysis index of reliability, the quantitative analysis index of price and the quantitative analysis index (not shown among Fig. 6) of quality.

The input evaluation that described supply chain is worth also comprises indexs such as human cost, cost of an asset, information costs and logistics cost; The output evaluation that supply chain is worth also comprises benefit type index, non-benefit type index; The financial evaluation that supply chain is worth also is divided into supply chain index and shareholder's index two aspects, wherein the supply chain index comprises financial income situation index, asset operation situation index and developing ability situation index etc., and shareholder's index comprises that then net assets income ratio index and capital maintenance appreciation rate index etc. are as its evaluation index (not shown among Fig. 6).Finally can constitute exercisable, a multistage tree-shaped assessment indicator system structure.

Further, the integrated supply chain Performance Evaluation System that the present invention makes up is mainly used in retail trade, choosing of many evaluation indexes is in fact closely related with residing industry, do not have general meaning on certain angle, therefore those skilled in the art can make up the supply chain Performance Evaluation System with general theory meaning with appraisement system provided by the invention, illustrate each index to the influence degree of supply chain performance and may extend to concrete industry and use, will have more practical significance.

Further, according to the performance appraisal index system to described integrated supply chain provided by the invention, can also do further discussion and research.For example, can set up the sector database of supply chain performance appraisal, those skilled in the art understand, the quality of described performance appraisal desired value is general all for the average level of the industry, so only set up the standard performance indicators Value Data storehouse of industry, Performance Evaluation System just is convenient to put into practice and is promoted the use of.

Again for example, can also make up supply chain performance appraisal decision support system (DSS), Regional Distribution in the supply chain between each node enterprise is widely different, how in time, collect needed evaluation index value exactly, how a large amount of evaluating datas is handled with corresponding model, the requirement of how satisfying that the evaluation of each node enterprise self in the chain requires and its upstream and downstream enterprise being estimated, the solution of these problems all needs to develop an integrated supply chain performance appraisal decision support system (DSS) based on the WEB technology.

Again for example, can also construct a dynamic supply chain Performance Evaluation System, along with the supply chain environment changes, evaluation index can change, and the importance of index also can change, and this just need construct a dynamic appraisement system.Traditional appraisement system is an open loop process, obtain evaluation result by certain evaluation model, and performance is not only a structure, it also is a kind of process simultaneously, for avoiding above phenomenon, can introduce feedback mechanism, utilize various feedback informations that the validity of evaluation is provided.

More than specific embodiments of the invention are described.It will be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific implementations, those skilled in the art can make various distortion or modification within the scope of the claims, and this does not influence flesh and blood of the present invention.

Claims (17)

1. an integrated supply chain performance index evaluation method is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

A. determine the quantizating index of supply chain performance;

B. determine the quantizating index of customer satisfaction evaluating;

C. based on analytical hierarchy process above-mentioned two class quantization indexs are calculated; And

D. determine performance indicators evaluation result parameter according to described result of calculation.

2. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described supply chain performance index comprises core enterprise's performance indicators, supplier's performance indicators and retailer's performance indicators at least.

3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the quantizating index of described core enterprise performance indicators comprises outside performance appraisal index, and described outside performance appraisal index comprises client's index and/or supplier's index, and

Wherein, described client's index comprise in the following index any or appoint multiple:

-time index;

-quality index;

-performance and service indication;

-the indicator of costs;

-cooperation tendentiousness index;

Wherein, described supplier index comprises information flow index and/or logistics index;

Wherein, the index and/or the flexible index of the delivering goods time in advance that described time index comprising;

Wherein, described quality index comprises and reprocesses sales return ratio and/or punctual delivery ratio;

Wherein, described performance and service indication comprise accurate response ratio and/or the flexible index of quantity;

Wherein, the described indicator of costs comprises acquisition cost advantage index;

Wherein, described cooperation tendentiousness index comprises quantitative index and/or retailer's loyalty index of cooperative activity;

Wherein, described supplier index comprises supplier's cash flow index and/or in time settles accounts ratio;

Wherein, described information flow index comprises provides information number of times rate of change;

Wherein, described logistics index comprises both subsidiary streams occupied fund volume in the unit interval.

4. according to claim 2 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that, described core enterprise performance indicators comprises inner performance appraisal index, and described inner performance appraisal index in comprising financial index, interior business in-process metrics and study and becoming long pointer any or times multiple

Wherein, described financial index comprise in the following index any or appoint multiple:

-profitability evaluation index;

-debt paying ability evaluation index;

-developing ability evaluation index;

-operation indexes of capability evaluation;

Wherein, described interior business in-process metrics comprise in the following index any or appoint multiple:

-throughput rate index;

-Service Quality Metrics;

-assets utilization index;

-managerial effectiveness index;

Wherein, described study comprises employee's ability index and/or the ability of introducing index with becoming long pointer;

Wherein, described profitability evaluation index comprise in net assets income ratio, return on total assets and the financial leverage performance indicator any or appoint multiple;

Wherein, described debt paying ability evaluation index comprise in current rate, asset-liability ratio and the DFL index any or appoint multiple;

Wherein, described developing ability evaluation index comprises sales revenue rate of growth index and/or total assets rate of growth index;

Wherein, described operation indexes of capability evaluation comprises floating assets effectiveness ratio index and/or capital assets effectiveness ratio index;

Wherein, described throughput rate index comprises average ability to make profits index of employee and/or unit cost rate of returns index;

Wherein, described Service Quality Metrics comprises Misdelivery ratio index and/or non-punctual delivery ratio index;

Wherein, described assets utilization index comprises turnover of total assets index and/or inventory turnover index;

Wherein, described managerial effectiveness index comprises the indicator of costs and/or the effective very important decision ratio index that the management error causes;

Wherein, described employee's ability index comprise employee's mortality index, the average training cost index of employee and rationalize build in the quantitative index any or appoint multiple;

Wherein, described introducing ability index comprises that new supplier introduces the ability index and/or new product is introduced the ability index.

5. according to each described method in the claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that described supplier performance indicators comprises short-term efficiency type evaluation index, and described short-term efficiency type evaluation index comprise in the following index any or appoint multiple:

-price guideline;

-delivery situation index;

-product quality indicator;

-market clout degree index;

-after sale service index; And

-floating assets efficiency index;

Wherein, described delivery situation index comprise punctual delivery number percent index, order goods satisfy the rate index, the time in advance of the order in index and the index in batches of ordering goods any or appoint multiple;

Wherein, described product quality indicator comprises the product percent of pass index and/or reprocesses the sales return ratio index;

Wherein, described market clout degree index comprises market share index and/or sales growth rate index;

Wherein, described after sale service index comprise client complain settling time index and/or client complain the satisfied ratio index of handling;

Wherein, described floating assets efficiency index comprises velocity rate index and/or cash ratio index.

6. according to each described method in the claim 2 to 5, it is characterized in that described supplier performance indicators comprises the innovative evaluation index of short-term, and the innovative evaluation index of described short-term comprises and produces performance indicators and/or technology performance indicators,

Wherein, described production performance indicators comprise in price guideline, delivery situation index, product quality indicator, market clout degree index, after sale service index and the floating assets efficiency index any or appoint multiple;

Wherein, described technology performance indicators comprises flexible evaluation index and/or new product development ability index;

Wherein, described flexible evaluation index comprises flexible index of quantity and/or flexible index of time;

Wherein, any the time in advance that described new product development ability index comprising new product development Frequency Index, new product development success ratio index and new product development in the index or appoint multiple.

7. according to each described method in the claim 2 to 6, it is characterized in that, described supplier performance indicators comprises long-term efficiency type evaluation index, and described long-term efficiency type evaluation index comprise produce in performance indicators, technology performance indicators and the PIR index any or appoint multiple:

Wherein, described production performance indicators comprise in price guideline, delivery situation index, product quality indicator, market clout degree index, after sale service index and the floating assets efficiency index any or appoint multiple;

Wherein, described technology performance indicators comprises flexible evaluation index and/or new product development ability index;

Wherein, described PIR index comprise in the following index any or appoint multiple:

-investment in human resources index;

-investment in fixed assets index;

-financial position index; And

-management level index;

Wherein, described investment in human resources index comprises training cost index and/or training time index per capita per capita;

Wherein, described investment in fixed assets index comprises increase rate of investment index and/or rate of return on investment index;

Wherein, described financial position index comprises asset-liability ratio index and/or turnover rate of fixed assets index;

Wherein, described management level index comprises horizontal index of cost control and/or quality control level index.

8. according to each described method in the claim 2 to 7, it is characterized in that described supplier performance indicators comprises long-term innovative evaluation index, and described long-term innovative evaluation index comprise in the following index any or appoint multiple:

-production performance indicators;

-technology performance indicators;

-PIR index;

-TIR index;

Wherein, described management level index comprises horizontal index of cost control and/or quality control level index.

Wherein, described production performance indicators comprise in price guideline, delivery situation index, product quality indicator, market clout degree index, after sale service and the floating assets efficiency index any or appoint multiple;

Wherein, described technology performance indicators comprises flexible evaluation index and/or new product development ability index;

Wherein, described PIR index comprise in human resources index, investment in fixed assets index, financial position index and the management level index any or appoint multiple;

Wherein, described TIR index comprises research and development ability index and/or efficiency of research and development index;

Wherein, described research and development ability index comprises scientific research expenditure index and/or scientific research personnel's index;

Wherein, described scientific research personnel's index comprises scientific research personnel's quality index and/or scientific research personnel's expenditure target;

Wherein, described efficiency of research and development index comprises new product sales ratio index and/or new product earning rate index.

9. according to each described method in the claim 2 to 8, it is characterized in that described retailer's performance appraisal comprises retailer's service performance evaluation index, and described service performance evaluation index comprises customer service performance indicators and/or ISC service performance index,

Wherein, described customer service performance indicators comprise in reliability index, flexible index and the Service Quality Metrics any or appoint multiple;

Wherein, described reliability index comprise in time of delivery index, delivery quantity index and the delivery quality index any or appoint multiple;

Wherein, described flexible index comprise in the flexible index of quantity, flexible index of time and the product flexibility index any or appoint multiple;

Wherein, described Service Quality Metrics comprises that client complains that ratio index and/or client complain index settling time;

Wherein, described ISC service performance index comprise in information accuracy index, information promptness index, effectiveness of information index and the advanced index of infosystem any or appoint multiple.

10. according to each described method in the claim 2 to 9, it is characterized in that, described retailer's performance appraisal comprises the inner performance appraisal index of retailer, and the inner performance appraisal index of described retailer comprise in financial position evaluation index, market development evaluation index and the development potentiality evaluation index any or appoint multiple

Wherein, described financial position evaluation index comprise in the following index any or appoint multiple;

-debt paying ability index;

-efficiency of operation index;

-developing ability index;

Wherein, described debt paying ability index comprise in liquidity rate index, accounts receivable turnover index, interest cover ratio index and the debt rights and interests rate index any or appoint multiple;

Wherein, described efficiency of operation index comprises stock turnover rate index and/or turnover rate of fixed assets index;

Wherein, described developing ability index comprises sales revenue rate of growth index;

Wherein, described market development evaluation index comprises client development ability index and/or corporate image index;

Wherein, described development potentiality evaluation index comprises training time index and/or training cost index per capita per capita.

11., it is characterized in that the quantizating index of described customer satisfaction evaluating comprises following index according to each described method in the claim 1 to 10:

-flexible index;

-reliability index;

-price guideline;

-quality index;

Wherein, described flexible index comprise in flexible index of product flexibility index, time and the flexible index of quantity any or appoint multiple;

Wherein, described reliability index comprise lose sell number percent index, punctual delivery ratio index and client complain in the ratio index any or appoint multiple;

Wherein, described price guideline comprises average price advantage index and/or average single product sales promotion Frequency Index on year-on-year basis;

Wherein, described quality index comprises and reports the sales return ratio index for repairment and/or client complains index settling time.

12., it is characterized in that described step c comprises the steps: according to each described method in the claim 1 to 11

C1. based on analytical hierarchy process special parameter is calculated, wherein, described special parameter is a supply chain performance quantizating index, thereby obtains supply chain performance appraisal result parameter;

C2. based on analytical hierarchy process special parameter is calculated, wherein, described special parameter is the customer satisfaction evaluating quantizating index, thereby obtains the customer satisfaction evaluating result parameter;

Wherein, described steps d comprises the steps:

D1. calculate whole performance appraisal result parameter according to described supply chain performance appraisal result parameter and described customer satisfaction evaluating result parameter.

13. method according to claim 12 is characterized in that, describedly based on analytical hierarchy process the step that special parameter calculates is comprised the steps: at least

C11. construct the integrated supply chain Performance Evaluation System;

C12. calculate according to described appraisement system.

14. method according to claim 13 is characterized in that, described step c 12 also comprises the steps:

C121. according to described appraisement system structure judgment matrix;

C122. determine the index flexible strategy of all indexs of correlation;

C123. calculate according to described index flexible strategy and corresponding quantization index.

15., it is characterized in that described step c12 also comprises the steps: according to claim 13 or 14 described methods

I. use tournament method that described special parameter is calculated.

16. method according to claim 15 is characterized in that, described step I also comprises the steps:

-determine in the described special parameter the different indexs quantitative index of relative importance between any two;

-described judgment matrix is carried out consistency check and correction;

The described judgment matrix ordering vector of-calculating;

-carry out the level processing of always sorting at described judgment matrix, and it is carried out consistency check.

17., it is characterized in that described steps d also comprises the steps: according to each described method in the claim 1 to 16

-score and its total sequencing weight in complex of each index multiplied each other, obtain the final score of this integrated supply chain performance appraisal, thereby determine described performance indicators evaluation result parameter.

Images