CN101840465A - Multi-scheme comprehensive evaluation method for automatic low-frequency load reduction of large electric network - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-scheme comprehensive evaluation method for the automatic low-frequency load reduction of a large electric network, which realizes that the design of a plurality of schemes of low-frequency load reduction, the comprehensive evaluation and comparison and the mass simulated checking and calculation of a recommended scheme are all finished automatically by a program, realizes an integrative procedure, changes a traditional calculation mode that engineering staff carries out manual calculation, and enhances the efficiency and the accuracy of the establishment of the automatic low-frequency load reduction schemes greatly. The method has rationality, applicability and generalizability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Power System Analysis and calculate the field, be specifically related to a kind of big electrical network multi-scheme comprehensive evaluation method for automatic low-frequency load reduction.
Background technology
In the face of complicated operation of power networks environment and the many automatic low-frequency load shedding schemes factor of adjusting, design the optimum automatic low-frequency of a cover and subtract the load shedding scheme, be unusual difficulty.In the engineering in the past in the automatic low-frequency load shedding evaluate alternatives process in the calculating link of frequency dynamic recovery characteristics, the workload that is subject to the hand computation of frequency dynamic recovery characteristics is big, the restriction that process is loaded down with trivial details, one or several automatic low-frequency load shedding schemes that often are given minority are carried out manual calculations, even in some engineering, do not carry out the calculating of frequency dynamic recovery characteristics, directly carry out time-domain-simulation and calculate.Time-domain-simulation in automatic low-frequency load shedding scheme calculates in the check link, does not also have the application distribution computing method, causes just checking at the method for operation of minority, the fault formula of minority.Above-mentioned evaluate alternatives process causes blindness and the one-sidedness in solution formulation and the screening process, can not guarantee the optimality and the accuracy of suggested design.
Big electrical network multi-scheme comprehensive evaluation method for automatic low-frequency load reduction among the present invention is just in order to improve the above-mentioned shortcoming in the automatic low-frequency load shedding evaluate alternatives process in the past, utilize computer program automatically the frequency dynamic recovery characteristics of a plurality of big electrical network automatic low-frequency load shedding schemes to be designed, calculate and comparison, based on result of calculation the performance index of each scheme are carried out comprehensive evaluation, filter out one or several dynamic frequency recovery characteristics alternatives preferably, make full use of computing machine and network communications technology on this basis, adopt Distributed Calculation, based on PSD-BPA transient stability time-domain-simulation program alternatives being carried out a large amount of simulation calculation checks, the correctness of proof scheme and applicability, thus preferred plan recommended out.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: by the computer program robotization that realizes that the dynamic recovery characteristics of big electrical network automatic low-frequency load shedding schemes synthesis evaluation procedure medium frequency is calculated, in a plurality of generations, selected the fast comprehensively scanning of the action behavior of scheme under multiple power capability vacancy, comprehensive evaluation, recommend optimal case, solve blindness and inaccuracy in the UFLS scheme design process in the past; Check link by distributed computing technology being applied to the time-domain-simulation that low frequency load shedding schemes synthesis estimates, guaranteed efficient that emulation is checked and comprehensive; By frequency dynamic recovery characteristics result is combined with time-domain-simulation check result, scheme is carried out comprehensive evaluation, guaranteed the accuracy and the optimality of scheme.
The invention provides a kind of big electrical network multi-scheme comprehensive evaluation method for automatic low-frequency load reduction, may further comprise the steps:
(1) a plurality of system disturbance conditions of given big electrical network are embodied in a plurality of active power vacancy states of appointing system, also are given a series of power disturbance number percent;
(2) design specifies to comprise following index at a plurality of automatic low-frequency load shedding schemes of this big electrical network: the frequency of each action wheel action, the number percent of each action wheel load shedding, the actuation time of action delay time and switch;
(3), each automatic load-reducing scheme under this disturbed conditions is calculated from first disturbed conditions;
(4) first low frequency load shedding scheme under this disturbed conditions is carried out the calculating of the dynamic recovery characteristics of system frequency to the concentrated load model based on unit;
(5) carry out next low frequency load shedding scheme under this disturbed conditions based on the calculating of unit to the dynamic recovery characteristics of system frequency of concentrated load model, the frequency dynamic recovery characteristics of all low frequency load shedding schemes is calculated and is finished under this disturbed conditions;
(6) next disturbed conditions is repeated (4) to (5) calculating in step, calculate until all disturbed conditions and finish;
(7) calculate on the basis as a result of finishing in all load shedding scheme frequency dynamic recovery characteristics, each scheme is carried out comprehensive evaluation, draw one or several comprehensive evaluation results alternatives preferably all disturbances;
(8) specify time-domain-simulation to check and need check the system operation mode of calculating and check calculative fault collection, and according to the method for operation of appointment and the calculating checking task collection of fault collection formation time-domain-simulation;
(9) time-domain-simulation is checked the computing node that all concentrated calculation tasks of calculation task are submitted to Distributed Calculation, carry out the calculating of a plurality of calculation tasks simultaneously, and result of calculation is returned, finish until all calculation tasks;
(10) a plurality of emulation time domain result calculated are analyzed, filtered out the scheme that satisfied " power system safety and stability guide rule " DL359-2099 requires;
(11) to satisfy simultaneously that the dynamic recovery characteristics of system frequency requires and the scheme collection of security of system stability requirement again by the expert according to engineering experience, carry out comprehensive evaluation relatively, it is best to select system dynamics frequency retrieval characteristic, satisfies the scheme of safety and stability performance index optimum.
Wherein, based on the calculating of unit to the dynamic recovery characteristics of system frequency of concentrated load model, its method and step are as follows described in described step (4) and (5):
(1) from certain disturbed conditions, the action of the first round of certain low frequency load shedding scheme begins to calculate, and establishes n=1;
(2) at first calculate system damping in this action wheel load shedding process:
D
t＝1.0+(K
L-1.0)*PL????????????????????????????(1)
Wherein PL is load, K
LBe LOAD FREQUENCY adjustment factor, D
tBe this action wheel damping;
(3) calculate the actual value that frequency change is taken turns in this action:
Wherein DLF is the actual value that system frequency changes, F
BBe the reference frequency of system, T
aNumber percent for power disturbance;
Judge that DLF is whether greater than the difference of the first action wheel operating frequency set-point and system's reference frequency, if explanation has caused the action of low frequency load shedding, proceed the action of subsequent action wheel, go to (4), if not, show the action that does not cause the low frequency load shedding, end the calculating of this disturbance scheme, carry out the calculating of next disturbance scheme, return (2);
(4) calculate the rate of change of this action wheel frequency and the minimum of this action wheel frequency:
Wherein DF is the rate of change of this action wheel operating frequency, F
MnSet-point for this action wheel operating frequency;
F
min＝F
mn+DF*(T
d+T
cb)????????????????????????????????????????(4)
Wherein Fmin is the lowest frequency value in this action wheel course of action, T
dBe the action delay of this action wheel, T
CbAction delay for switch;
(5) judge that whether Fmin is smaller or equal to F
Mnk, if, the action that causes follow-up k wheel is described, k is appointed as the wheel number of actual act, goes to the calculating that (6) carry out the k wheel: n=n+k; If not, carry out the calculating of next round: n=n+1;
(6) computation process in repetition (4) step is calculated the rate of change of n wheel frequency and the minimum of frequency, and according to the given formula of step (2), calculates this action wheel damping;
(7) whether judge this action wheel frequency change rate DF greater than 0, if, show that frequency begins to recover ascendant trend, end the calculating of this scheme, carry out the calculating of next scheme, finish until all computation schemes;
Wherein, under all disturbed conditions, the result of calculation of all low frequency load shedding schemes is carried out comprehensive evaluation in the described step (7), and specifically the index that will estimate has: what of low frequency load shedding total amount; The wheel number that the action of low frequency load shedding is total and total actuation time; The speed speed of frequency retrieval and to the adaptability of all disturbances; Carry out multifactorial evaluation according to these factors, select the load shedding amount minimum, action wheel number and actuation time are short, frequency retrieval is fast, adapt to the automatic low-frequency load shedding scheme under the various disturbance situations, in the process of evaluate alternatives, need the engineering staff rule of thumb, participate in the process of scheme comprehensive evaluation and screening.
Wherein, it is as follows in described step (8) and (9) all time-domain-simulation calculation tasks to be carried out the concrete steps and the method for Distributed Calculation:
(1) formation is based on the system operation mode of appointment, all the time-domain-simulation calculation task collection under the fault collection of appointment;
(2) based on the total N platform computing node machine of Distributed Calculation hardware platform, 1 calculation server;
(3) task that all time-domain-simulation calculation tasks are concentrated is submitted to server, N task is assigned to N computing node respectively simultaneously by server at every turn, is carried out simultaneously calculating based on the time-domain-simulation of PSD-BPA simulated program by N computing node;
(4) after each computing node calculates and finishes, result of calculation is returned to server, wait for receiving next task;
(5) whether the calculation server inspection has idle node, if having, gives this node with new Task Distribution, otherwise, wait for that idle node occurs;
(6) process of repeating step (3) to (5) is finished until all calculation tasks.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. by program design cleverly, realize that a plurality of automatic low-frequency load shedding schemes to be selected are carried out Automatic Program based on unit to the frequency dynamic recovery characteristics of concentrated load model calculates comparison successively, realizes the full-automation of whole calculating comparison procedure.It is fast to possess computing velocity, the accuracy height, and advantage such as the optional program number is unrestricted solves blindness and inaccuracy in the automatic low-frequency load shedding design process in the past, has improved observability, accuracy and the reliability of design process and acting characteristic.
2. realize based on unit the result of calculation of the dynamic recovery characteristics of system frequency of concentrated load model and process based on the comprehensive evaluation of PSD-BPA simulation calculation check result, guarantee that the scheme screened can take into account simultaneously that frequency retrieval is the fastest, cutting load amount minimum, guarantee a plurality of goal constraints such as the adaptability of security of system behind the UFLS, low automatic low-frequency load shedding scheme is strong, realize the optimal performance of automatic low-frequency load shedding.
3. computer hardware and the network communications technology by making full use of present advanced person, realization is applied to automatic low-frequency load shedding schemes synthesis and optimizes the Distributed Calculation platform based on the PSD-BPA simulation software that emulation is checked in the screening process, realized the automatic calculating that a large amount of simulation analysis calculate, improve the speed that emulation is checked greatly, guaranteed high-level efficiency that emulation is checked and comprehensive.
Description of drawings
In order to make content of the present invention by clearer understanding, and be convenient to the description of embodiment, it is as follows to provide description of drawings related to the present invention below:
Fig. 1 is the overall flow figure according to the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is based on the automatic comparative approach process flow diagram of multi-scheme of unit load model.
Fig. 3 is that the power disturbance that calculates according to method of the present invention is the frequency retrieval process result of calculation figure of 5% o'clock scheme three.
Fig. 4 is that the power disturbance that calculates according to method of the present invention is the frequency retrieval process result of calculation figure of 10% o'clock scheme three.
Fig. 5 is the lonely network operation of certain electrical network, loses the simulation curve synoptic diagram that certain 1600MW of power plant exerts oneself.
Embodiment
Mainly contain following step in the big electrical network multi-scheme comprehensive evaluation method for automatic low-frequency load reduction implementation procedure of the present invention:
(1) according to electric system automatic low-frequency load shedding technical stipulation, take all factors into consideration four deciding factors of the speed that influences power system frequency decline degree and decline, take into full account a plurality of operation conditions in the automatic low-frequency load shedding course of action, carry out a plurality of automatic low-frequency load shedding design for scheme.
(2) utilize program to realize the system average frequency dynamic changing process of unit, the frequency retrieval characteristic after a plurality of design proposal system failures is utilized the Automatic Program computational analysis, substituted in the past manually single-point, the computation process of folk prescription case the model of concentrated load.
(3) a plurality of optional program result of calculations are carried out comprehensive evaluation relatively, and searching can guarantee security of system, the scheme that the frequency retrieval characteristic is best, the cutting load amount is less.
(4) utilize the appearance of high-performance computer hardware and network communications technology to realize the distributed emulation computing platform, carry out calculating to a large amount of emulation checks of suggested design, when utilizing many computer hardware equipments, realization utilizes, improve computing velocity, and then the efficient of raising simulation calculation and comprehensive.
(5) simulation calculation result in territory comprehensively compares for a long time, filters out safety and stability performance scheme preferably.
(6) comprehensive relatively based on result of calculation and the transient stability time-domain-simulation result calculated of unit to the frequency dynamic recovery characteristics of the model of concentrated load, provide optimum suggested design.
With certain electrical network automatic low-frequency load shedding schemes synthesis evaluation procedure is example, and the implementation process of the inventive method is described
(1) automatic low-frequency load shedding design for scheme
System power vacancy disturbed conditions: the power shortage disturbance of design from 5% to 50%.
Scheme one: first run 49.25Hz, differential 0.25Hz, relay artificially delayed time 0.1 second, switch motion time-delay 0.1 second, and each is taken turns the percentage that off-load accounts for peak load and is followed successively by: 4.06,4.95,5.82,6.61,7.33,7.33,8.02;
Scheme two: first run 49.2Hz, differential 0.2Hz, relay artificially delayed time 0.2 second,, switch motion time-delay 0.1 second, each is taken turns the percentage that off-load accounts for peak load and is followed successively by: 5,6,6.5,7,7,7,8;
Scheme three: first run 49.2Hz, differential 0.2Hz, relay artificially delayed time 0.1 second,, switch motion time-delay 0.1 second, each is taken turns the percentage that off-load accounts for peak load and is followed successively by: 5,6,6.5,7,7,7,8;
(2) utilize program to realize the system average frequency dynamic changing process of unit, the frequency retrieval characteristic after a plurality of design proposal system failures is utilized the Automatic Program computational analysis the model of concentrated load.
With such scheme three is example, provide disturbance and be respectively 5% and 10% result of calculation figure, and all the other schemes, all the other disturbance result of calculation forms are identical.Be that power disturbance is the frequency retrieval process result of calculation figure of 5% o'clock scheme three as shown in Figure 3.Fig. 4 is that power disturbance is the frequency retrieval process result of calculation figure of 10% o'clock scheme three.
(3) each scheme is carried out comprehensive evaluation, provide suggested design.
To the frequency retrieval process of all schemes calculate finish after, result of calculation is as follows:
| Scheme | The cutting load total amount | System's low-limit frequency | Last takes turns the frequency change slope |
| Scheme one | ??44.12％ | ??47.12Hz | For on the occasion of, recover slower |
| Scheme two | ??46.5％ | ??47.42Hz | For on the occasion of, recover very fast |
| Scheme three | ??46.5％ | ??48.1Hz | For on the occasion of, recover the fastest |
Comprehensive more above-mentioned three schemes, suggested design three is an optimal case, scheme two is taken second place, robin scheme one.
(4) form time-domain-simulation and calculate checking task, utilize distributed calculating.
Form the calculation task collection: the appointing system service condition comprises: the lonely network operation of certain electrical network, certain grid network operation; The appointing system method of operation comprises the big mode of wind, the little mode of wind, withered big mode, withered little mode; The fault collection of appointment comprises, loses exerting oneself of certain one 1600MW of power plant; Lose exerting oneself of another two 2400MW of power plant; Lose certain power plant three and four exerting oneself of 5600MW altogether.The combination of above-mentioned service condition, the method for operation, fault collection forms based on 24 of the calculation task collection of the PSD-BPA time-domain-simulation program of China Electric Power Research Institute totally.
Utilize the Distributed Calculation time-domain-simulation to check the calculation task collection: totally 1 station server, 6 node machines, Task Distribution and computation process are as follows:
Server monitors the node machine of 6 free time, extracts 6 calculation tasks, distributes to 6 node machines.
(5) simulation calculation result in territory comprehensively compares for a long time.
With the lonely network operation of certain electrical network, lose certain 1600MW of power plant and exert oneself and be example, provide simulation curve as shown in Figure 5.
Wherein black curve is the system frequency curve when not adopting the low frequency load shedding; Blueness is a scheme system frequency curve for the moment; System frequency curve when redness is scheme two; System frequency curve when pink colour is scheme three.
From the time-domain-simulation result as can be seen, scheme three is a preferred plan for the frequency retrieval of system.
(6) comprehensively based on unit to the result of calculation of the frequency dynamic rejuvenation of concentrated load model and time-domain-simulation result calculated more as can be known, the unanimity as a result of two kinds of methods, scheme three is preferred plan, so suggested design three.
Above by special embodiment content description the present invention, but those skilled in the art also can recognize the multiple possibility of modification and optional embodiment, for example, by combination and/or change the feature of single embodiment.Therefore, be understandable that these modification and optional embodiment will be considered as included among the present invention, only enclosed patent claims of scope of the present invention and coordinator restriction thereof.
Claims (4)
1. one kind big electrical network multi-scheme comprehensive evaluation method for automatic low-frequency load reduction is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) a plurality of system disturbance conditions of given big electrical network are embodied in a plurality of active power vacancy states of appointing system, also are given a series of power disturbance number percent;
(2) design specifies to comprise following index at a plurality of automatic low-frequency load shedding schemes of this big electrical network: the frequency of each action wheel action, the number percent of each action wheel load shedding, the actuation time of action delay time and switch;
(3), each automatic load-reducing scheme under this disturbed conditions is calculated from first disturbed conditions;
(4) first low frequency load shedding scheme under this disturbed conditions is carried out the calculating of the dynamic recovery characteristics of system frequency to the concentrated load model based on unit;
(5) carry out next low frequency load shedding scheme under this disturbed conditions based on the calculating of unit to the dynamic recovery characteristics of system frequency of concentrated load model, the frequency dynamic recovery characteristics of all low frequency load shedding schemes is calculated and is finished under this disturbed conditions;
(6) next disturbed conditions is repeated (4) to (5) calculating in step, calculate until all disturbed conditions and finish;
(7) calculate on the basis as a result of finishing in all load shedding scheme frequency dynamic recovery characteristics, each scheme is carried out comprehensive evaluation, draw one or several comprehensive evaluation results alternatives preferably all disturbances;
(8) specify time-domain-simulation to check and need check the system operation mode of calculating and check calculative fault collection, and according to the method for operation of appointment and the calculating checking task collection of fault collection formation time-domain-simulation;
(9) time-domain-simulation is checked the computing node that all concentrated calculation tasks of calculation task are submitted to Distributed Calculation, carry out the calculating of a plurality of calculation tasks simultaneously, and result of calculation is returned, finish until all calculation tasks;
(10) a plurality of emulation time domain result calculated are analyzed, filtered out the scheme that satisfied " power system safety and stability guide rule " DL359-2099 requires;
(11) to satisfy simultaneously that the dynamic recovery characteristics of system frequency requires and the scheme collection of security of system stability requirement again by the expert according to engineering experience, carry out comprehensive evaluation relatively, it is best to select system dynamics frequency retrieval characteristic, satisfies the scheme of safety and stability performance index optimum.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described in described step (4) and (5) that based on the calculating of unit to the dynamic recovery characteristics of system frequency of concentrated load model, its method and step are as follows:
(1) from certain disturbed conditions, the action of the first round of certain low frequency load shedding scheme begins to calculate, and establishes n=1;
(2) at first calculate system damping in this action wheel load shedding process:
D
t＝1.0+(K
L-1.0)*PL???????(1)
Wherein PL is load, K
LBe LOAD FREQUENCY adjustment factor, D
tBe this action wheel damping;
(3) calculate the actual value that frequency change is taken turns in this action:
Wherein DLF is the actual value that system frequency changes, F
BBe the reference frequency of system, T
aNumber percent for power disturbance;
Judge that DLF is whether greater than the difference of the first action wheel operating frequency set-point and system's reference frequency, if explanation has caused the action of low frequency load shedding, proceed the action of subsequent action wheel, go to (4), if not, show the action that does not cause the low frequency load shedding, end the calculating of this disturbance scheme, carry out the calculating of next disturbance scheme, return (2);
(4) calculate the rate of change of this action wheel frequency and the minimum of this action wheel frequency:
Wherein DF is the rate of change of this action wheel operating frequency, F
MnSet-point for this action wheel operating frequency;
F
min＝F
mn+DF*(T
d+T
cb)(4)
Wherein Fmin is the lowest frequency value in this action wheel course of action, T
dBe the action delay of this action wheel, T
CbAction delay for switch;
(5) judge that whether Fmin is smaller or equal to F
Mnk, if, the action that causes follow-up k wheel is described, k is appointed as the wheel number of actual act, goes to the calculating that (6) carry out the k wheel: n=n+k; If not, carry out the calculating of next round: n=n+1;
(6) computation process in repetition (4) step is calculated the rate of change of n wheel frequency and the minimum of frequency, and according to the given formula of step (2), calculates this action wheel damping;
(7) whether judge this action wheel frequency change rate DF greater than 0, if, show that frequency begins to recover ascendant trend, end the calculating of this scheme, carry out the calculating of next scheme, finish until all computation schemes.
3. according to the method for claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that in the described step (7) that under all disturbed conditions, the result of calculation of all low frequency load shedding schemes is carried out comprehensive evaluation, specifically the index that will estimate has: what of low frequency load shedding total amount; The wheel number that the action of low frequency load shedding is total and total actuation time; The speed speed of frequency retrieval and to the adaptability of all disturbances; Carry out multifactorial evaluation according to these factors, select the load shedding amount minimum, action wheel number and actuation time are short, frequency retrieval is fast, adapt to the automatic low-frequency load shedding scheme under the various disturbance situations, in the process of evaluate alternatives, need the engineering staff rule of thumb, participate in the process of scheme comprehensive evaluation and screening.
4. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-3, the concrete steps and the method that it is characterized in that in described step (8) and (9) all time-domain-simulation calculation tasks are carried out Distributed Calculation are as follows:
(1) formation is based on the system operation mode of appointment, all the time-domain-simulation calculation task collection under the fault collection of appointment;
(2) based on the total N platform computing node machine of Distributed Calculation hardware platform, 1 calculation server;
(3) task that all time-domain-simulation calculation tasks are concentrated is submitted to server, N task is assigned to N computing node respectively simultaneously by server at every turn, is carried out simultaneously calculating based on the time-domain-simulation of PSD-BPA simulated program by N computing node;
(4) after each computing node calculates and finishes, result of calculation is returned to server, wait for receiving next task;
(5) whether the calculation server inspection has idle node, if having, gives this node with new Task Distribution, otherwise, wait for that idle node occurs;
(6) process of repeating step (3) to (5) is finished until all calculation tasks.
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| CN103956746A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-07-30 | 西安交通大学 | Automatic-adaptation under-frequency load shedding method based on frequency changing rate response |
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| CN102097806A (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2011-06-15 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Low frequency deloading method for stabilizing frequency of interconnected power grids |
| CN102629760A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-08-08 | 国网电力科学研究院 | Method adaptive for coordinated optimization of low-frequency pump sheadding and load shedding with secure and stable frequency |
| CN102629760B (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2014-09-17 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | Method adaptive for coordinated optimization of low-frequency pump sheadding and load shedding with secure and stable frequency |
| CN102831230A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-12-19 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Component type selection method and system of mixed power assembly |
| CN102831230B (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2015-09-09 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | A kind of parts selection method and system of hybrid power assembly |
| CN103956746A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-07-30 | 西安交通大学 | Automatic-adaptation under-frequency load shedding method based on frequency changing rate response |
| CN103956746B (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2016-04-06 | 西安交通大学 | Based on the self adaptation low frequency deloading method of frequency change rate response |
| CN112366686A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-02-12 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司安庆供电公司 | Automatic generation method of low-frequency load reduction distribution scheme suitable for distributed photovoltaic |
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