CN101840028A - Integrated reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer based on microring resonator - Google Patents
Integrated reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer based on microring resonator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an integrated reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer based on a microring resonator. The basic elementary unit of the element comprises a transverse waveguide and a vertical waveguide which are used to form a perpendicularly crossing waveguide; the transverse waveguide contains an input end and a straight-through end; the vertical waveguide comprises an upload end and a download end; the basic elementary unit also comprises a first microring and a second microring which are cascaded to form cascade two-microring structure with different radiuses, and the cascade two-microring structure with different radiuses composed of the first microring and the second microring is arranged in the overlap area of the straight-through end of the transverse waveguide and the download end of the vertical waveguide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (Integrated Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer Based OnMicro-ring Resonator) based on micro-ring resonator, especially, the filter cell that this reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer is made of the different adjustable double micro-ring resonator of square crossing waveguide cascade radius (MRR, Micro-ring Resonator) is arranged by two dimension and is realized.
Background technology
It is the information age of core with the network that 21 century is one, and along with rapid development of science and technology, the transinformation of communication field expands rapidly, and the optical information transmission network provides strong technical support for the development of information age.Optical transport network has characteristics such as big bandwidth, high capacity, stable performance.The appearance of wavelength-division multiplex (WDM) technology has promoted the transmission capacity of optical-fiber network rapidly.Since the nineties in last century, along with developing rapidly of Fibre Optical Communication Technology, many scholars have proposed the notion of " all-optical network ", be that signal passes whole network with the form of light, directly in the light territory, carry out transmission, regeneration and the exchange of signal, the dreamboat of arbitrary format signal to reach the transparency of full light transmission, is realized at any time, anywhere, transmitted in the centre without any opto-electronic conversion.All-Optical Communication Network based on wavelength-division multiplex can make communication network possess stronger manageability, dirigibility and the transparency.
The development of novel optical-fiber network has proposed new requirement to optoelectronic device.At first, common carrier will be paid close attention to dirigibility, stability and the extensibility of optical-fiber network, more to cut operating costs and to tackle fast-changing market environment when promoting the optical-fiber network capacity.On device level, development tunable devices, multi-functional integrated light shutter device and the monitoring device of network performance will be the foundation stones that makes up ASON (Automatically Switched Optical Network).Reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) is as the nucleus equipment of all-optical network and more and more be subject to people's attention.
Developing rapidly of optical-fiber network also had higher requirement to traditional optical add-drop multiplexer (OADM):
1, optical-fiber network develops towards the direction of dirigibility and extensibility, thereby requires optical add-drop multiplexer not only can have the wavelength dynamic restructuring and can utilize software that network is carried out Long-distance Control to support the requirement of Wavelength reservation and network recovery.Obviously, traditional optical add-drop multiplexer (OADM) is difficult to satisfy the requirement of network development, and reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) can other exchange of wavelength level between road up and down of finishing optical channel on the node and optical channel, and realize the configuration and the adjustment of road wavelength up and down by the ROADM subsystem of software in can remote control network, make network have dynamic restructuring and self-healing function, if adopt module with wavelength conversion ability, can also realize the open network structure, make network have wavelength compatibility and service transparency.
2, optical-fiber network develops towards high speed, high capacity direction, thereby the requirement of optical add-drop multiplexer transmission capacity and stability is also improved greatly.Formation based on the traditional structure unit of the integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer of micro-ring resonator as shown in Figure 1, because this structure is a little ring structure of list, the filtering characteristic of its long-range navigation thatch type is difficult to satisfy the requirement of system stability, because very little wave length shift just causes the mistake of data transmission probably.And the free general scope of single little ring structure is less, is difficult to satisfy the high capacity requirement of optical-fiber network.
The method that generalized case increases the ROADM transmission capacity has two kinds: a. can increase the transmission capacity of ROADM by the capacity that increases individual channel for the fixing number of channel; B. can increase the transmission capacity of ROADM by increasing the number of channel for fixing channel capacity.
We mainly take second method promptly to increase the number of channel.For a specific system, channel spacing is certain according to the regulation of International Telecommunication Union, the communication system of 100GHZ for example, and channel spacing is 0.8nm.So, increase the free general scope (FSR) that the number of channel must increase little ring for for the ROADM of micro-ring resonator.This shows that the free general scope (FSR) of taking certain measure to expand little ring seems particularly important.
Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology is a silicon integrated circuit technology, is widely adopted in microelectronic industry.For with silicon microelectronics compatibility, silicon based photon is learned also with SOI as main research platform.Become the research focus in silica-based integrated optics field in recent years based on the silicon nanowires waveguiding structure of SOI technology.The compact conformation of silicon nanowires waveguide, sectional dimension is hundred nanometer scale, and bending radius can be as small as micron dimension, and this has reduced the area of device greatly.Improvement along with technology and structure, the loss of nano wire waveguide constantly reduces, and though the report of at present lossy nano wire waveguide less than 3dB/cm is should value relatively large, but the device area that is based on the nano wire waveguide is very little, so the loss of device integral body and little.Have characteristics such as functional, compact conformation and functional configuration be flexible based on the micro-ring resonator structure of silicon nanowires waveguide.
The integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer based on micro-ring resonator that the present invention proposes uses the micro-ring resonator structure based on the silica-based nanowire waveguide to realize.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is, a kind of integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer based on micro-ring resonator is provided, its integrated level height, extensibility are strong and be convenient to electricity component integrated, can utilize software that network is carried out Long-distance Control, make network have dynamic restructuring and self-healing function, utilize the cascade dicyclo the filter construction broadening wave filter free general scope (FSR) thus can increase the number of channel of ROADM and can realize the filtering characteristic of top flat type, improve the transmission capacity of optical add-drop multiplexer greatly, improved stability of network.
The invention provides a kind of integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer based on micro-ring resonator, the basic cell structure of this device comprises: a transversal waveguides and a vertical waveguide form the square crossing waveguide; This transversal waveguides comprises input end and straight-through end; This vertical waveguide comprises uploads end and downloads end; First little ring and second little ring, this first little ring and second little ring cascade form the two little ring structures of the different cascade of radius; Wherein this first little ring and different two little ring structures of cascade of radius that the second little ring is formed are positioned at the overlapping region that the download end of the straight-through end of transversal waveguides and vertically waveguide forms.
The square crossing waveguide of two little ring structures of wherein said this cascade and transversal waveguides and vertically waveguide formation has a predetermined coupling distance, and between first little ring in the two little ring structures of this cascade and the second little ring a predetermined coupling distance is arranged also.
Wherein the predetermined coupling distance of two little ring structures of this cascade and transversal waveguides and the vertically square crossing waveguide of waveguide formation is 150-450nm.
Wherein first little ring in the two little ring structures of this cascade and the predetermined coupling distance between second little ring are 150-450nm.
Wherein the resonance wavelength of the two little ring structures of this cascade is λ i, i=1, and 2 ..., 16, and a specific channel spacing is arranged between the adjacent wavelength is 0.8nm.
From technique scheme as can be seen, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer based on micro-ring resonator provided by the invention utilizes ready-made and the SOI technology CMOS process compatible, makes that the device entire area is little, low in energy consumption, the good stability of device, information throughput is big, is convenient to electricity component integrated; Utilize the characteristic of the wavelength dynamic reconfigurable of device to carry out Long-distance Control, thereby make network have operation and maintenance cost that dynamic reconfigurable and self-healing function have reduced network network.The free general scope (FSR) that adopted the different two little ring structure broadening of square crossing waveguide cascade radius thus increased the number of channel of device, the increase of the number of channel can improve the information throughput of device greatly.The flat-top filtering characteristic of the uniqueness that the two little rings of utilization are had has improved the stability of device greatly.The different two little ring structure of square crossing waveguide cascade radius has also increased the distance of crossover node to the coupled zone simultaneously, and this is for we optimize the waveguide decussate texture, reduction crossover loss is brought great convenience.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples structure of the present invention and feature are described in further detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is traditional adjustable single micro-ring resonator structure of square crossing waveguide;
Fig. 2 is the different adjustable double micro-ring resonator structure of square crossing waveguide cascade radius;
Fig. 3 is integrated 16 road reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer structures based on the different adjustable double micro-ring resonator of square crossing waveguide cascade radius.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 2, the invention provides a kind of integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer, comprising based on micro-ring resonator:
First little ring 30 and second little ring 40, this first little ring 30 and second little ring 40 cascades form the two little ring structures of the different cascade of radius; The resonance wavelength of the two little ring structures of this cascade is λ i, i=1, and 2 ..., 16, each resonance wavelength is represented a channel.
The square crossing waveguide of two little ring structure that wherein said this cascade radius is different and transversal waveguides 10 and vertically waveguide 20 formation has a predetermined coupling distance, and this predetermined coupling distance is 150-450nm; And between first little ring 30 in the two little ring structures of this cascade and the second little ring 40 a predetermined coupling distance is arranged also, this predetermined coupling distance is 150-450nm;
Wherein first of this cascade little ring 30 and second little ring 40 are positioned at the straight-through end of transversal waveguides 10 and the overlapping region of the download end of vertical waveguide 20.
The integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer that the present invention proposes based on micro-ring resonator be based on can be integrated the micro-ring resonator structure, be fit to realize, as SOI, SiN and III-V family material with various material.Should be to utilize the method for learning based on the integrated photon of micro-ring resonator to realize based on the integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer of micro-ring resonator, than other implementations, advantage of the present invention is: utilize ripe SOI technology, component compact, low in energy consumption, device stability is good, is convenient to electricity component integrated; Utilize the characteristic of the wavelength dynamic reconfigurable of device to carry out Long-distance Control, thereby make network have operation and maintenance cost that dynamic reconfigurable and self-healing function have reduced network network.
Fig. 1 is traditional adjustable single micro-ring resonator structure of square crossing waveguide.Port one is an input end, and port 2 is straight-through end, and port 3 is for downloading end, and port 4 is for uploading end, and supposes that the resonance wavelength of little ring is λ 1.The multi-wavelength signals light that comprises λ 1 in the input end input, then satisfying the condition of resonance wavelength is flashlight road under download port 3 quilts of λ 1, the flashlight of other wavelength that does not satisfy condition of resonance is in straight-through port 2 output, can upload at last load port 4 to satisfy condition of resonance, carry the flashlight that the local signal wavelength is λ 1.This structure can be from network up and down the required flashlight in road finish light and insert and divide a multiplexing function, thereby and can utilize the tuning little ring of thermo-optic effect to change the resonance wavelength of little ring, download the long flashlight of random wave, i.e. resonance wavelength dynamic reconfigurable thereby can go up.But compare with following Fig. 2, there is serious deficiency in it.
Fig. 2 is the different adjustable double micro-ring resonator structure of square crossing waveguide cascade radius.Port one is an input end, and port 2 is straight-through end, and port 3 is for downloading end, and port 4 is for uploading end, and supposes that the resonance wavelength of two little rings all is λ 1.The multi-wavelength signals light that comprises λ 1 in the input end input, then satisfying the condition of resonance wavelength is flashlight road under download port 3 quilts of λ 1, the flashlight of other wavelength that does not satisfy condition of resonance is in straight-through port 2 output, can upload at last load port 4 to satisfy condition of resonance, carry the flashlight that the local signal wavelength is λ 1.This structure can be from network up and down the required flashlight in road finish light and insert and divide a multiplexing function.Compare with the structure of Fig. 1, this structure has tangible advantage: a: have bigger free general scope (FSR) b: the filtering characteristic c with flat-top: crossover node is longer to the distance of coupled zone.
The 16 road reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer structure synoptic diagram of Fig. 3 for forming by Fig. 2 structural unit parallel cascade; Port I is an input end, and port T is straight-through end, port D1, D2 ... D16 is for downloading end, port A1, A2 ... A16 is for uploading end.Suppose in the input end input and comprise λ 1, λ 2 ... the multi-wavelength signals light of λ 16 and wavelength X 1, λ 2 ... λ 16 reference numeral respectively is 1,2 ... the resonance wavelength of 16 filter cell is then at download port D1, D2 ... it is λ 1 that D16 can download wavelength respectively, λ 2 ... the flashlight of λ 16, at last load port A1, A2 ... it is λ 1 that A16 can upload the wavelength that carries local information respectively, and λ 2 ... the flashlight of λ 16.For exporting that the flashlight of other wavelength that do not satisfy condition of resonance will be had no effect at straight-through end T.So far, this device light of having finished 16 tunnel wavelength signals insert to divide multiplexing.
The integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer based on micro-ring resonator that this patent provides can be with different material, and principle is directly perceived, realize simple, good stability, information throughput is big.All little rings all adopt identical design and processes flow process, micro-ring resonator in the various structures all is identical in the resonance wavelength that does not add under the thermal tuning situation, and we can change the resonance wavelength of micro-ring resonator by the way of thermal tuning to satisfy the local needs of downloading the different wavelengths of light signal of going up.
So far, we with reference to description of drawings the present invention realize principle based on the integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer of micro-ring resonator.Need to prove; the related description of instantiation wherein, manufacturing materials and Tuning mechanism only is in order to illustrate the need of principle; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all; any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
The function implementation procedure of the adjustable double micro-ring resonator structure that square crossing waveguide cascade radius is different is:
Input end carries out the signal input by the single-mode fiber that carries multi-wavelength signals, utilize thermo-optic effect to carry out tuning to the two micro-ring resonators of the cascade in the structural unit, make the corresponding resonance wavelength of each resonator element, thereby upload end and download end can on download a correspondence resonance wavelength i (wherein, i=1,2 ..., 16).For example: if the resonance wavelength of first resonator element correspondence is λ 1, then can to download the main channel optical wavelength be that can to upload the wavelength that carries local information be the flashlight of λ 1 uploading end simultaneously for the flashlight of λ 1 downloading end.So just first structural unit promptly first channel to have finished wavelength be the road up and down of the flashlight of λ 1.Also have same function for 15 other channels, on the local network node place just can be simultaneously, download the flashlight of 16 different wave lengths like this, thereby finish the multiplexing function of slotting branch of 16 tunnel obstructed light signals.
Integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer based on micro-ring resonator, this device is a node device important in the network, it is made of the different adjustable double micro-ring resonator structural unit of the square crossing waveguide cascade radius of 16 parallel arranged, the specific wavelength that the different adjustable double micro-ring resonator structural unit of each square crossing waveguide cascade radius can be implemented in this node by tuning little ring, carry local service is set out on a journey (insertion) or road (separation) primary service flow down, thereby realizes the function of 16 tunnel reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) at this node.
In the such scheme, this elementary cell based on the integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer of micro-ring resonator is the filter cell structure that is made of the different adjustable double micro-ring resonator (MRR) of square crossing waveguiding structure cascade radius.
In the such scheme, described micro-ring resonator is the tunable micro-ring resonator by hot optical modulation.
In the such scheme, the different two micro-ring resonators of square crossing waveguide cascade radius are to be made of with two different disc waveguides of cascade radius two orthogonal waveguides, and these two disc waveguides have a predetermined coupling distance respectively and between two orthogonal waveguides.
In the such scheme, should constitute by 16 parallel filter cells based on the integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer of micro-ring resonator, multi-wavelength signals light from single-mode fiber is imported at input end, is uploading end and is downloading the light signal road and do not influence the transmission of other flashlights up and down arbitrarily that end realizes carrying the specific wavelength of local service respectively.
In the such scheme, this function implementation procedure based on the integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer of micro-ring resonator is: input end carries out the signal input by the single-mode fiber that carries multi-wavelength signals, and it is tuning to utilize thermo-optic effect that the two micro-ring resonators of the cascade in the filter cell are carried out, and makes the corresponding resonance wavelength i of each resonator element (wherein, i=1,2 ..., 16) thus upload end and download end can on download a correspondence resonance wavelength i (wherein, i=1,2 ..., 16).For example: if the resonance wavelength of first resonator element correspondence is λ 1, then can to download the main channel optical wavelength be that can to upload the wavelength that carries local information be the flashlight of λ 1 uploading end simultaneously for the flashlight of λ 1 downloading end.So just first filter cell promptly first channel to have finished wavelength be the road up and down of the flashlight of λ 1.Also have same function for 15 other channels, download the flashlight of 16 different wave lengths like this on this locality just can be simultaneously, obviously the information throughput of ROADM increases greatly.Certainly the increase of the number of channel is not random for ROADM, and it depends primarily on the free general scope (FSR) and the crossover loss of resonator element.We have taked the way of little ring cascade of two different radiis to come the free general scope (FSR) of broadening resonator element.For each little ring, suppose that its free general scope is respectively F1 and F2, for the cascade dicyclo, promptly have only the flashlight of the condition of resonance that satisfies two little rings simultaneously uploading end and to download on the end and download through twice filtering.Be the free general scope FSR=NF1=MF2 of cascade dicyclo.Wherein N is the positive integer relevant with F1 and F2 with M.The free general scope that this shows the two little rings of cascade is than big many of the free general scope of Dan Weihuan.In addition, compare, increased the distance of the coupled zone of crossover node and waveguide and little ring by the two little rings of (Fig. 1) visible cascade greatly with little ring of same size.This point is extremely important for optimizing waveguide decussate texture reduction crossover loss.For the adjustable single micro-ring resonator structure of traditional square crossing waveguide as (Fig. 1), because the radius of little ring is several microns, this has just caused crossover node very little to the distance of the coupled zone of waveguide and little ring, is to adopt the oval broadening mould field optimization waveguide decussate texture of mentioning in the document [Low Loss Intersection of SiPhotonic Wire Waveguides] or adopt the MMI structure optimization intersection of mentioning in the document [Low-Loss Multimode-Interference-Based Crossings forSilicon Wire Waveguides] of utilizing all to be very restricted.And for the two little rings of cascade, crossover node is very big to the distance of coupled zone, and this provides very big degree of freedom for we optimize the waveguide decussate texture.
In such scheme, we utilize the way of the tuning little ring of thermo-optic effect can download the long flashlight of random wave on any channel of ROADM, Here it is so-called wavelength dynamic reconfigurable, this for we utilize software that network is carried out that Long-distance Control provides may.
The above; only be the embodiment among the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, anyly is familiar with the people of this technology in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; the conversion that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed in of the present invention comprising within the scope.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (5)
1. integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer based on micro-ring resonator, the basic cell structure of this device comprises: a transversal waveguides and a vertical waveguide form the square crossing waveguide; This transversal waveguides comprises input end and straight-through end; This vertical waveguide comprises uploads end and downloads end; First little ring and second little ring, this first little ring and second little ring cascade form the two little ring structures of the different cascade of radius; Wherein this first little ring and different two little ring structures of cascade of radius that the second little ring is formed are positioned at the overlapping region that the download end of the straight-through end of transversal waveguides and vertically waveguide forms.
2. the integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer based on micro-ring resonator according to claim 1, the square crossing waveguide of two little ring structures of wherein said this cascade and transversal waveguides and vertically waveguide formation has a predetermined coupling distance, and between first little ring in the two little ring structures of this cascade and the second little ring a predetermined coupling distance is arranged also.
3. the integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer based on micro-ring resonator according to claim 2, wherein the predetermined coupling distance of two little ring structures of this cascade and transversal waveguides and the vertically square crossing waveguide of waveguide formation is 150-450nm.
4. the integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer based on micro-ring resonator according to claim 2, wherein first little ring in the two little ring structures of this cascade and the predetermined coupling distance between second little ring are 150-450nm.
5. the integrated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer based on micro-ring resonator according to claim 1, wherein the resonance wavelength of the two little ring structures of this cascade is λ i, i=1,2 ..., 16, and a specific channel spacing is arranged between the adjacent wavelength is 0.8nm.
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