CN101836068B

CN101836068B - Method for controlling transfer through one or more transferring elements

Info

Publication number: CN101836068B
Application number: CN2008801132956A
Authority: CN
Inventors: C·拉斯姆森
Original assignee: Grundfos Nonox AS
Current assignee: Grundfos Management AS; Emitec Denmark AS
Priority date: 2007-10-26
Filing date: 2008-10-24
Publication date: 2012-10-31
Anticipated expiration: 2028-10-24
Also published as: EP2212638A1; CN101836068A; JP5113259B2; JP2011501097A; US20100224346A1; WO2009052834A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of controlling the transferral of heat, substance, radiation or the like to or from at least a first fluid in a device. The device comprises a stage with a transferring element (2) and a rotatable impeller (3), the impeller being arranged so that the first fluid flowing out of the impeller flows along a surface of the transferring element (2). The flow of the first fluid along the surface of the transferring element comprises a spiralling flow pattern having a radial velocity component (Vr) and a tangential velocity component (Vt), the device further comprises one or more throttling means for throttling the flow of the first fluid through the device. The rotational speed of the impeller and the throttling is mutually controlled so that:l) the amount of transferral is a function of the radial velocity component (Vr) and a function of the tangential velocity component (Vt), and2) the radial velocity component (Vr) and the tangential velocity component (Vt) are substantially independent.

Description

The method of utilizing one or more transferring elements that transmission is controlled

Technical field

The present invention be more particularly directed to a kind of be used for controlling energy, radiation or material through or the method transmitted from one or more transferring elements of a fluid treating device; Wherein said processing comprises that to one or more fluids---being preferably liquid---increases energy, heat, radiation, material and/or analog, perhaps---is preferably liquid---from one or more fluids and deducts energy, heat, radiation, material and/or analog.

Background technology

Although the present invention is applicable to the scope of broad sense more, background parts of the present invention mainly combines heat exchanger to describe.Other application of the present invention comprise, send radiation like, transmitter substance and to fluid.

Now, many transfer devices---like heat exchanger---are formed dish or pipe, wherein have fluid at differing temperatures and on each side of said dish or pipe, flow, thereby produce heat transmission through said dish between the said fluid or pipe.This heat exchanger is designed to, make in said heat exchanger local velocity as follows with flow rate (m through said switch ³/ h) be associated: promptly, under the situation that does not change the flow rate through said heat exchanger, said local velocity can not change.

Specifically, the heat exchanger in the therrmodynamic system is designed in a flow rate (m who satisfies the peak load state usually ³/ h) under.Under the sub-load situation, need to keep peak load flow rate through said heat exchanger to keep the high flow rate in the said heat exchanger.Otherwise the flow rate that reduces can cause lower heat transmission, can not satisfy cooling or heating requirements thus.Therefore, if, can reduce flow rate, then can in the therrmodynamic system under being in the sub-load sight, obtain the pressure loss of minimizing through said heat exchanger keeping said heat to transmit constant basically or being in other while of similar level.

U.S. Patent application 2003/0209343 can be taken as such example.This list of references discloses a kind of pumping system that is used for the heat exchange purposes, and this pumping system comprises pump chamber, and this pump chamber has a fluid inlet and a fluid issuing.Comprise a whirligig in this pump chamber, be used to make fluid to have on the surface to be cooled and flow at one.This surface constitutes a part of said pump chamber as follows: when fluid passed through said whirligig, it also through said surface, caused the heat transmission between said surface and said fluid.Comprising on the other hand of this invention links to each other surface to be cooled and said pump chamber integral body, so that said pump chamber can be separated with surface to be cooled, do not disturb the fluid circuit of heat exchange applications simultaneously.The device that is used to drive said whirligig also can be arranged to and drive a device that is used to cool off said fluid.In the embodiment of Fig. 3 of U.S. Patent application 2003/0209343; Disclose the fluid that is used to cool off and can be directed passing passage and get into an impeller (impeller), this impeller has and is used to guide said fluid to arrive lip-deep blade to be cooled.Consider that purpose is to design a kind of small-sized and be used for the pump of heat exchange purposes efficiently, it is desirable to that best association or dependence are arranged between wheel speed and flow rate (in fact also comprising consequent cooling).But it has only briefly been mentioned, can make the rotating speed of said impeller especially depend on flow rate, how is and do not specify this dependence.

Have been found that traditional heat exchanger has following shortcoming: promptly, heat exchange is greatly related with the flow rate of the fluid that passes through heat exchanger.For example, the change in the flow rate causes the change that heat is transmitted, this so that to cause the work span of particular thermal switch be limited with regard to following situation, promptly, make the flow rate that flows through heat exchanger variable significantly not changing under the situation that heat transmits.

Therefore, one object of the present invention is for a kind of device provides following a kind of method, through this method; At least the strong association between flow rate and the local velocity; At least relaxed, thus obtain a kind of controlled more easily about for example heat, material, and/or the transmission of radiation.

Summary of the invention

Therefore; First aspect of the present invention relate to a kind of be used for controlling heat, material, radiation or analog at least one first fluid transmission of device, or control at least one first fluid from device pass out the method for heat, material, radiation or analog; Said device comprises at least one level; This level comprises a transferring elements and a rotary blade; This impeller is arranged and makes the first fluid that flows out said impeller flow along the surface of said transferring elements, and wherein first fluid is along the mobile helical flow form that comprises on the said surface of said transferring elements, and this helical flow form has a radial velocity component (Vr) and a tangential speed component (Vt); Said device also comprises one or more throttling arrangements that are used for the first fluid that flows through said device is carried out throttling

The rotating speed of wherein said impeller and said throttling are made by control each other:

I) transmission capacity is about the function of radial velocity component (Vr) with about the function of tangential speed component (Vt), and

Ii) said radial velocity component (Vr) and said tangential speed component (Vt) are independently basically.

Through using according to the method for the invention, said transmission capacity AT can be expressed as

AT＝f ₁(Vr)+f ₂(Vt)

F wherein ₁And f ₂Be to be respectively applied for to express said tangential velocity Vt and radial velocity Vr separately and the function of the correlation between the transmission capacity AT.

Through changing the rotating speed of said impeller, said transmission capacity is variable, does not influence first fluid said the to be processed flow rate through said device simultaneously basically.

Through changing the rotating speed of said impeller, said flow rate is variable, does not influence the transmission capacity of first fluid described in the said device simultaneously basically.

In context of the present invention, throttling is equivalent to suppress.Because the fluid in the pipe is driven by pressure differential, so need carry out throttling to form a buffer brake, perhaps so that reduce inlet pressure at outlet side.Said throttling arrangement thereby can comprise the special-purpose chamber of choke valve, one or more throttling, a dividing plate, pipe, an adverse current that narrows down gradually with said first fluid, or viscosity control device.Through stopping physically or place barrier that the kinetic energy of said fluid is transformed in the buffer brake passively.Therefore, a kind of the method for throttling effectively is provided is through a dedicated pump buffer brake to be provided, although this consumed energy.As a special case, produce restriction effect thereby can change said characteristics of liquids---for example become (electrorheology) through electric current.

Can increase or reduce said tangential velocity through increasing or reducing said wheel speed.The increase of wheel speed or reduce to cause pressure to increase/reduce, and pressure increases/reduce can increase/reduce said radial velocity component and increase/reduce flow rate thus through said device.In the present invention, said flow rate is regarded as with radial velocity component and is associated, and---if any---only slight related with said tangential speed component.Usually, the change of the said tangential velocity that causes owing to the change of said wheel speed is so big, to such an extent as to the change of said flow rate can be left in the basket.

Although said helical flow form can be generated by the fluid guiding device of static state, distinct advantages of the present invention is that impeller generates said helical flow form.

But,, should carry out the pressure that throttling compensates increase owing to said wheel speed/reduce to cause and increase/reduce if purpose is intended to increase or reduces said tangential velocity and do not influence said radial velocity component.

Therefore; The present invention is considered to provide a kind of following method; Make and can not change through this method through a device---for example; Heat exchanger---the situation of flow rate under change the local velocity in this device, transmit thereby for example allow to change heat, and do not change flow rate through said device.

Description of drawings

To the present invention, particularly the preferred embodiments of the invention be disclosed in further detail now with reference to appended accompanying drawing, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 .a is the schematic cross-section of first embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention; Fig. 1 .b schematically shows the helical flow of the fluid that leaves the impeller among Fig. 1 .b; Fig. 1 .c is the sketch map of stream head (head-flow) characteristic of a typical impeller of explanation operation principle of the present invention, and Fig. 1 .d is the chart that illustrates as the friction loss of the pump of the function of flow rate, is used for explaining advantage of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows the heat transfer component of heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the invention unit; Said heat transfer component is tilted to illustrate from last (Fig. 2 .a) with from following (Fig. 2 .b) respectively.

Fig. 3 shows the flow path of the first fluid that in a kind of passage of thermal treatment unit, flows, and this thermal treatment unit has three in the heat transfer component shown in Fig. 2.For the sake of clarity, said parts are illustrated as separately, but they abut one another as shown in Figure 5 in practical operation.And, can be seen in order to make said heat transfer component, removed a part of shell.

Fig. 4 shows the flow path of second fluid that flows between the heat transfer component shown in figure 2.For the sake of clarity, said parts are illustrated as separately, but they abut one another as shown in Figure 5 in practical operation.And, can be seen in order to make said heat transfer component, removed a part of shell.

Fig. 5 has schematically shown the cross section of a preferred embodiment of a kind of heat exchanger unit.Fig. 5 .a is a vertical view, and Fig. 5 .b is the sectional view along the line A-A among Fig. 5 .a.

Fig. 6 has schematically shown a side view according to heat exchanger of the present invention unit.

Fig. 7 has schematically shown the cross-sectional view according to the part of a kind of heat exchanger of the present invention unit, and this heat exchanger unit has and is used for the booster stage of one of them fluid suction through said heat exchanger unit.

Fig. 8 has schematically shown an a kind of preferred embodiment that is used for a kind of heat exchanger of heat-shift between two fluids, and flowing of said two fluids all provided by impeller.

Fig. 9 has schematically shown an a kind of preferred embodiment that is used for a kind of heat exchanger of heat-shift between three fluids, and flowing of said three fluids all provided by impeller.

Figure 10 has schematically shown a transferring elements that is used for from fluid filter particulates, material or analog according to of the present invention.

Figure 11 has schematically shown the embodiment that is used for a fluid emitted radiation according to of the present invention.Figure 11 .a is a cross-sectional view, and Figure 11 .b is the 3-D view of the some parts of said embodiment.

Figure 12 has schematically shown according to one embodiment of the invention, and wherein transferring elements is a tubulose.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1 has schematically shown a preferred embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention 1.This device 1 comprises one or more transferring elements 2 (two transferring elements have been shown), one or more impeller 3 (showing two) and an axle 4 in Fig. 1, impeller 3 is installed on this makes the rotation of axle 4 cause the rotation of impeller 3.Disclosed device can be regarded as and have two-stage among Fig. 2, and each level comprises a transferring elements 2 and an impeller 3, and fluid to be processed is discharged to flow through the surface of transferring elements 2 from this impeller.Said device 1 is cylindrical and comprises that a cylinder blanket 5, this shell 5 have imported equipments and parts 6 and a spout member 7.Said transferring elements 2 is circular.As shown in Figure 1, between the edge of the inner surface of said shell 5 and said transferring elements 2, remain with the passage opened, and between said two transferring elements 2, be provided with a layer parts (floor element) 8.

Fluid to be processed flows into said device through imported equipments and parts 6, and flows to rotary blade 3.This fluid to be processed leave impeller and along the surface of one of said transferring elements 2, flow to the edge of transferring elements 2, and flow through the passage between the inner surface of transferring elements 2 and shell 5.As the replacement of the passage between said edge and the shell 5, or the passage between said edge and shell 5, one or more through holes can be set in transferring elements 2, said fluid can flow through these through holes.

Because have layer parts 8, after through the passage between said edge and the said shell, fluid 5 flows to second impeller.After passing through second impeller 3, the surface current of said fluid edge second transferring elements 2 through the passage between said edge and the shell 8, and finally flows to spout member 7 to the edge, and said fluid leaves said device 1 through this spout member 7.Flow path roughly illustrates with arrow.

Transferring elements 2 can be a heat transfer component, is conducted to fluid to be processed or from fluid to be processed, conducts heat through its heat; Transferring elements 2 also can be mass transfer parts, is passed to fluid to be processed through its quality and perhaps transmits out from fluid to be processed; Transferring elements 2 can also be a radiation component, and the radiation emission that will be emitted to said fluid is passed this radiation component or from this radiation component, launched; Or both combinations.When fluid said to be processed out-of-date along transferring elements 2 surface currents; Its liquid form is the helical flow form; Shown in Fig. 1 .b, this helical flow form comprises the tangential speed component Vt of tangential of radial velocity component Vr radially and the said transferring elements 2 in edge of a said transferring elements 2 in edge.Certainly also there is velocity component perpendicular to Vr and Vt.Liquid form on the downside (with regard to the direction among the figure) also comprises screw usually, but they maybe be different with the liquid form of upside.Vr and flow rate (m through said device ³/ h) relevant and depend on the pressure loss especially through said device 1.Vt is relevant with the rotary speed of impeller.The rotary speed that should also be mentioned that the said pressure loss and said impeller can be relevant.

Energy and material are passed to transferring elements 2 (otherwise or) from fluid and influenced by following factors: the time of staying of said fluid, perhaps flow rate when flow in the surface along transferring elements 2 of boundary current of the surface of transferring elements 2 (boundary flow) and fluid to be processed.Similarly, if radiation to said fluid is sent from transferring elements 2 in the surface of the said transferring elements 2 in edge, the boundary layer flow time of staying, control is emitted to the roentgen dose X of fluid to be processed.

Flow through the eddy flow (as combining Fig. 1 to discuss) of transferring elements 2 at least one, wait until that to energy, material the general equation of transfer formula of the transmission (otherwise or) of transferring elements can be represented as:

Transmission capacity=K * the time of staying

Wherein " transmission capacity " is the amount that passes out and be passed to transferring elements (otherwise or) from fluid to be processed, and K is represented as:

K[ε/m ²s]。

ε for example is Q (heat) or m (quality).ε is relevant with the gradient of the mainly temperature in the boundary layer of the near surface of said transferring elements 2, concentration etc., and ε/m of K ²Be considered to only relevant with Vt.The said time of staying/flow rate is considered to only relevant with Vr.

Therefore, because Vr and Vt are considered to incoherent, said transmission capacity can be represented as:

Transmission capacity=f ₁(Vr)+f ₂(Vt)

f ₁And f ₂It is the function that is used for indicating the correlation between said tangential and radial velocity and the said transmission capacity.Therefore, according to the present invention, said transmission capacity can be changed through the rotating speed that changes said impeller, does not influence fluid said the to be processed flow rate through treating apparatus simultaneously.

Above-mentioned consideration has reflected ideal conditions to a certain degree, and for example the increase of impeller speed will tend to increase the fluid gross pressure of fluid during through said impeller.If in said treating apparatus 1, do not incorporate additive method into, the increase of this gross pressure can cause bigger flow rate, produces the shorter time of staying.In order to consider this point, for example can implement the throttling of pending fluid is arranged through choke valve 6a and the 7a that is arranged in imported equipments and parts 6 and/or the spout member 7.And, usually, be provided with one or more flow sensors together with said choke valve; It is used for confirming the actual flow rate through said treating apparatus, thereby, if for example the increase of wheel speed causes flow rate unnecessarily to increase; Then can carry out throttling, so that reduce flow rate to device.

Should also be mentioned that when implementing throttling, control method can comprise: when keeping the rotating speed of impeller, increase/reduce the step of throttling.

Fig. 1 .c is a stream characteristic w1 and the sketch map of w2 that a typical impeller of operation principle of the present invention has been described.Curve P indication pump curve.On abscissa, indication flow rate Q, and the ordinate indication is flowed head or is measured gross pressure accordingly.If impeller 3 is initially at concrete flow rate Q2 operation down, and hopes said flow rate is reduced to flow rate Q1, there are two kinds of manners of execution:

The first, can pass through impeller simply and---through reducing (impeller) rotating speed 3---reduce said flow rate Q, shown in the solid line arrow A.But this has a shortcoming, that is, when following working curve w1, corresponding stream head has been reduced some at less flow rate Q1 place.

The second, can use throttling with the said flow rate value of being reduced to Q1, shown in arrow B.This has a shortcoming, and promptly this process B can need the big relatively pressure loss (and corresponding energy loss) to compensate this extra stream head usually.

Said flow rate Q is convenient in the present invention and said throttling is controlled each other; Make radial velocity component (Vr) uncorrelated basically, thereby flow rate Q can (increase or reduction) be changed (from Q2 to Q1) under the less relatively situation of the variation of said stream head with tangential speed component (Vt).This is shown in arrow C.

Said flow rate Q is convenient in the present invention and said throttling is controlled each other; Make said radial velocity component (Vr) uncorrelated basically with said tangential speed component (Vt); Thereby flow rate Q can---promptly across the surperficial speed of said transmission---changing under the less relatively situation (increases or reduces) in crossflow velocity; And accordingly from the surface or the transfer rate on surface changed under the less relatively situation, be changed.More preferably, the variation of said crossflow velocity and/or said transfer rate does not change basically.For example, said flow rate can change at least 10 times, or at least 5 times, or at least 2.5 times, and do not change final crossflow velocity or transfer rate basically.Compare with known scheme up to now, know that according to the applicant this is unprecedented best.

Fig. 1 .d is in order advantage of the present invention to be described, to be illustrated for a typical pump, as the chart of the friction loss of a function of flow rate (abscissa).Two values---2370RPM and 1230RPM---that on curve, illustrate are the rotating speeds of impeller, corresponding to the number of revolutions (RPM) of the per minute at two endpoint location places.This pump is moved produces a constant turbulence level.The speed V of said turbulent flow and fluid is proportional, and is expressed as by reynolds number Re:

Re＝V/(d·ny)

Wherein d is the typical range between the active surface of pump, and ny is a viscosity, and V is a speed, and this speed is represented as:

V＝sqrt(Vr^2+Vt^2)

From the chart of Fig. 1 .d, find out that obviously the pump with impeller the most advantageously operates under the specific Vt/Vr optimum value of minimum power loss pairing, Vt is that said tangential speed component and Vr are said radial velocity component.Utilize the present invention, this can be realized more easily, because said pump can move in one way, makes said radial velocity component (Vr) uncorrelated basically with said tangential speed component (Vr).

From Fig. 1 .d, should also be noted that still keeping a constant basically crossflow velocity or transfer rate according to the present invention when, the rotating speed of said impeller can be changed about 2 times.

Next, will disclose a plurality of embodiments, proved that these embodiments are additionally useful during disclosed control strategy more than using.

A kind of application of the present invention is to be used for heat exchanger, and one of them fluid is cooled through the heat transmission that comes from another fluid with different temperatures or heats---transmit the place, starting position in heat at least.Fig. 2 .a and Fig. 2 .b show the transferring elements embodiment of the form of heat transfer component 2.This heat transfer component 2 is respectively by from last and illustrate from having a down dip; " on " and D score refer to the direction of the heat exchanger unit among Fig. 5.This heat transfer component 2 has the passage 14 that is used for along first fluid contact-making surface guiding first fluid, thereby the inner surface that this first fluid contact-making surface is said passage 14 can not directly be seen in the drawings.Shown in figure, passage 14 extends in the geometrical plane with curve mode.Each passage 14 comprises a channel entrance 9, and said first fluid gets into said passage 14 through this channel entrance; And a channel outlet 12, said first fluid leaves said passage 14 through this channel outlet.Said channel outlet 12 and channel entrance 9 comprise the fluid guiding device of joint pin 17 (see figure 3) forms; This joint pin is attachable; Thereby make heat transfer component 2 to pile up, and said first fluid can flow to by the passage 14 of the heat transfer component 2 of arranged in succession from the passage 14 of a heat transfer component 2.Describe in detail more in the face of this down.A plurality of heat transfer component 2 preferred adjacency also are supported on supporting projections 10 places thus each other, but within the scope of the invention, following situation also is fine: promptly, a plurality of heat transfer component are only in channel entrance 9 and channel outlet 12 place's adjacency.Heat transfer component 2 comprises a centre bore 11 that is used to settle an impeller 3 (referring to Fig. 3), and the function of this centre bore is described below.

Fig. 3 shows the cross section according to heat exchanger device of the present invention, wherein said transferring elements 2 as heat transfer component described in conjunction with Figure 2.Device shown in Fig. 3 is shown as a plurality of heat transfer component 2 to be separated, but in real work their as shown in Figure 5 being adjacent to each other.Each heat transfer component 2 comprises a passage 14, and first fluid flows through this passage 14.Heat transfer component 14 comprises passage 14 joint pins 17 connected to one another with two adjacent heat transfer component 2, makes said first fluid from the passage 14 of a heat transfer component, flow out and gets in the passage of adjacent heat transfer component 2.Said cross section is by 22 sealings of a shell, and is visible for the inside that makes said cross section in Fig. 3, only shows the part of said shell 22.

The flow path of first fluid through said heat exchanger unit 1 is by being shown in dotted line among Fig. 3.This first fluid gets into said heat exchanger device 1 through the import of inlet tube 15 forms, and first fluid flows through choke valve 15a and flow to the passage 14 of top heat transfer component 2 through one or more joint pins 17 from this inlet tube.Said first fluid flows through heat transfer component 2 in succession as shown, and first fluid flows out the outlet of outlet 16 forms from last heat transfer component 2 through choke valve 16a.Flowing of said first fluid produces by being placed in said heat exchanger unit 1 outside pump (not shown) usually, but said pump also can be incorporated in the said heat exchanger unit 1, for example, with Fig. 7 in disclosed (booster stage 29) similar mode.Said first fluid and (that is, flowing along their second fluid contact surfaces) second fluid that is flowing between a plurality of heat transfer component 2 transmit heat/energy.

The flow path of said second fluid is shown schematically among Fig. 4.Embodiment shown in Fig. 4 be the same shown in Fig. 3, but viewing angle is different and said shell is removed from figure fully.Said second fluid gets into the central area of said first impeller 3, and said impeller 3 is for example (not shown by means of a motor drive shaft; Referring to Fig. 6,7) rotatable.The central axis of said axle is consistent with the central axis of said impeller 3, and the entire periphery of the said axle in preferred said second fluid edge flows to said impeller 3.This is merely for example in the accompanying drawings, and purpose illustrates with a center arrow.Said edge 35 is sealed to said shell, thereby between two adjacent heat transfer component 2, limits a passage.

3 pairs second fluid produce powers of said impeller make the edge 35 of the said second direction of flow heat transfer component 2.From here, said second fluid flow in the space that part limits boot disk 36 (not shown among Fig. 2).This fluid mainly obtains through the traction that is arranged at the impeller 3 in the heat transfer component 2 in succession, and from impeller, said liquid form is repeated.

Above-mentioned accompanying drawing shows said first fluid and second fluid flows with opposite general direction, that is, with regard to above-mentioned accompanying drawing, make progress with downwards.But within the scope of the present invention, also can have two fluids that flow along identical general direction.

Fig. 5 shows the cross section according to an embodiment of heat exchanger of the present invention unit 1.In Fig. 5 .a, the cross section of said heat exchanger unit 1 is a vertical view, and Fig. 5 .b is the sectional view along the line A-A among Fig. 5 .a.The passage 14 of last heat transfer component 2 is longer than other summary, because this passage 14 is connected to outlet 16, shown in Fig. 5 .b.Said second fluid has a radial velocity component and a tangential speed component along the second fluid contact-making surface mobile.And second fluid that flows out said impeller directly contacts with the said second fluid contact-making surface, and with before fluid contacts, dynamic pressure does not convert static pressure on the surface.

Therefore, through using above-mentioned control method, thereby the tangential velocity that can change said second fluid through the rotating speed that changes said impeller at least changes said heat transfer rate.Flow rate through said device also can be controlled through throttling, for example through outlet and/or import department in said heat exchanger unit one choke valve is set.

Fig. 6 shows a preferred embodiment according to a heat exchanger unit of the present invention.Said heat exchanger unit 1 comprises the shell with three case members: one first case member 21, an intermediate case parts 22 and one second case member 23.Term " centre " is used to refer to said position component, promptly between said first case member 21 and said second case member 23.

Said heat transfer component 2 is disposed in the inside of intermediate case parts 22, and these intermediate case parts are the cylinders with openend.Inlet tube 15 and outlet 16 that the guiding first fluid flow to said heat transfer component 2 and from said heat transfer component 2, is guided out said first fluid, the wall that extends through first case member 21 as shown in Figure 6.Said first case member 21 also comprises an outlet 20 that is used for said second fluid, and this outlet is set in first protuberance 24 of said first case member 21.A fixture 25 that is used for motor 26 is connected to said unit is set at first protuberance 24.Said motor 26 is used to drive the impeller 3 that is arranged in the said heat exchanger unit 1, and this impeller 3 is set on the axle 27, and this extends through the wall of said protrusion 24 and penetrate usually but do not pass said second case member 23 from motor 26.

Said second case member 23 comprises that an import that is used for said second fluid as shown in Figure 6 19 also guides to the heat transfer component 2 that is arranged in the said intermediate case parts 22 with said second fluid.In said second case member 23, a choke valve can be set be used for said second fluid is carried out throttling.

Said heat exchanger unit shown in Fig. 6 is assembled through following process: promptly, said intermediate case parts 22 are inserted in first case member 21 and second case member 23 as shown in Figure 7.At said intermediate case parts 22 and said first case member 21, and and second case member 23 between sealing can accomplish through the sealing device of being settled in the groove (not shown) in the surface that is adjacent to each other respectively such as O shape ring (not shown).

The pressure differential that in a preferred embodiment of the invention, said shell is like next pressure-proof outer cover, and it is suitable for resisting the pressure and the environmental pressure of the fluid in said heat exchanger unit 1 between---being the outside pressure in said heat exchanger unit 1---.

If necessary, can guarantee within the scope of the present invention: before second fluid flow through heat transfer component 2, the pressure of second fluid is 1 inner the increase in said heat exchanger unit.The increase of this pressure can for example form as shown in Figure 7, and Fig. 7 shows the sectional view according to the details of a heat exchanger unit 1 of the present invention.Shown details comprises the part of said intermediate case parts 22, said second case member 23, and four heat transfer component that have impeller 32 of piling up.Said second case member 23 has one second protuberance 28, and this second protuberance 28 comprises booster stage 29, and this booster stage has three impellers 3 and is placed axle 27 on it with all impellers 3.Said axle 27 is through motor 26 rotations of a setting as shown in Figure 6.Said booster stage can preferably be used for fluid increases pressure, and the pressure that is increased is more than for overcoming by flowing through the required amount of loss that said heat exchanger unit causes.

Fig. 8 shows another embodiment, and wherein two fluids are all through using built-in impeller 3 to be drawn through said unit 1; This figure shows said embodiment with exploded view, and wherein heat transfer component 2 spaced apart and said shells (except

end housing part

34a, 34b) thereby be removed make this heat exchanger unit visible.Said heat exchanger unit 1 comprises and a plurality ofly forms discoid heat transfer component 2, thereby these heat transfer component are stacked on the passage 31 that between adjacent part 2, provides as shown in the figure together.Through this set, the fluid contact surfaces that is configured for the said first fluid and second fluid towards the surface of passage respectively of these heat transfer component 2.

A plurality of joint pins 32 are provided, and these joint pins guide to fluid another passage 31 at the upper reaches that are positioned at adjacency channel from a passage 31; As shown in the figure, these joint pins 32 can be arranged on some in the said parts, or remain to be assembled the discrete parts that constitutes coupling connection set in the said parts 2.Each heat transfer component 2 is 33 places and said shell adjacency on the edge of.Preferred said edge 33 is sealed to said shell.

Fig. 8 shows the flow path of two fluids; (with reference to Fig. 8 direction) gets into heat exchanger unit 13 through an import post from the below wherein to show first fluid; Flow through a joint pin 32, and get into one, thereby get into impeller 3 via a joint pin 32 connected passages 31.After gross pressure in said first fluid was increased through impeller 3, said fluid flowed to vorticla motion and gets into next passage 31 through a joint pin 32 (should be pointed out that when fluid flows through joint pin 32 fluid can be that straight line flows out).In this next one passage, said direction of flow and through leading to the next joint pin 32 of impeller.Go out through one before oral pillar flows out said unit at said first fluid, this form can be repeated repeatedly through piling up more a plurality of heat transfer component 2.

Second fluid gets into said heat exchanger unit and flow to an impeller 3 via a joint pin 32 via an import post from the top.Behind this impeller 3, said second fluid flows into a passage 31 with vorticla motion and flows towards a joint pin that fluid is guided to next passage 31.Said fluid flow through this next one passage 31 towards and through a joint pin 32 that said fluid is guided to an impeller 3.Go out through one before oral pillar flows out said unit at said second fluid, this form can be repeated repeatedly through piling up more a plurality of heat transfer component.

As can realize through Fig. 8; Wherein the passage that flows within it of first fluid is set at second fluid and flows and pass between the passage 31 wherein (otherwise perhaps; Which fluid what this depended on that we see is); And because said fluid has different temperatures, the heat exchange between fluid occurs in the whole heat transfer component 2.

Said embodiment shown in Fig. 8 is illustrated as has octagonal cross-section when overlooking.But said cross section can be appointed as other shapes, like square or circular.Preferred said shell is made into tubulose and has the end housing part of the plate-like at the two ends that are arranged in said pipe shown in 34a among Fig. 8 and 34b.Said end housing partly comprises the joint pin as outlet/inlet, and the said first fluid and second fluid are fed in the said unit through said joint pin or flow out said unit, and said joint pin can be processed to shape as shown in Figure 6.Said end housing part 34a also comprises a breakthrough portion, and the axle 27 that is provided with impeller extends through this breakthrough portion.The suspension of said axle 27 can provide through a bearing (not shown) that is arranged in the said end housing, and between axle 27 and end housing,---extends through said shell place at this axle 27---sealing is provided, in case fluid leaks out said unit.

Fig. 9 shows an embodiment, and wherein three fluids are all through using built-in impeller 3 to be drawn through unit 1; Said figure shows this embodiment with exploded view, and wherein said a plurality of heat transfer component 2 spaced apart and said shells (except

end housing part

34a, 34b) thereby be removed make said heat exchanger unit visible.Said

end housing part

34a, 34b can for example be processed into has shape shown in Figure 6.Said heat exchanger unit 1 comprises and a plurality ofly is formed the discoid heat transfer component 2 with edge 33, thereby said heat exchanger unit is stacked the passage 31 that between adjacent part 2, provides as shown in the figure.Said heat transfer component 2 is sealed to said shell at its 33 places, edge.Through this set, the surface towards passage of a plurality of heat transfer component 2 constitutes the fluid contact surfaces of said fluid.

Equally in this embodiment, said heat-transfer arrangement comprises the import post and goes out oral pillar, through said import post with go out the said fluid of oral pillar and flow into and flow out said device 1.In the figure, show the flow path of said three fluids.As shown in Figure 8, said unit comprises axle 27, and it is connected with the motor that is used to said impeller is rotated and these axles are disposed in the said unit through bearing.

When said impeller 3 is placed in 27 last times of two or more axles, said axle 27 can be driven by identical or different motor 26.

In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a kind of filter.In this embodiment, transferring elements 2 is discoid mass transfer parts shown in figure 10.Figure 10 .a shows the vertical view of mass transfer parts 2, and Figure 10 .b shows along the sectional view of the line A-A among Figure 10 .a.Said mass transfer parts 2 are processed less than the porous material of the particulate inflow internal channel 37 of specified size by permission.Thereby said internal channel 37 is connected to an aspirator---for example a pump---is producing pressure differential between said outer surface flowing fluid and said passage 37.Through shown in the arrow, this will make the fluid that has less than the particulate of specified size flow into said passage 37 and flow out said passage to flow towards said pump in figure.Fluid is flowed out said impeller with the helical flow form and flows towards the edge of said transferring elements 2 by said impeller 3 superchargings.

This transferring elements 2 alternative before the heat transfer component shown in the accompanying drawing, and the opening 38 of passage 37 is connected to a flow channel in this case, this flow channel guides to a pump with said fluid with particulate.Through impeller 3 being arranged at breakthrough portion, center 38 (as described to heat-transfer arrangement shown in Figure 3), fluid to be filtered is drawn through filter.And, as described, between the edge of said shell and said mass transfer parts 2, can leave a unlimited path to Fig. 1.

Equally, for mass transfer parts 2 and impeller, the mobile of surface of the said mass transfer parts 2 in edge is a kind of screws that comprise tangential speed component and radial velocity component.Mass transfer through said mass transfer parts 2 is relevant with following factor: the pressure of the outer surface flowing fluid of the said mass transfer parts 2 in edge and the pressure differential between the pressure in the passage 37, and the radial velocity and the tangential velocity of the outer surface flowing fluid of the said mass transfer parts 2 in edge.Therefore, control the control method of said tangential and radial velocity through the speed of utilizing impeller and---and if usefulness, through throttling---control said mass transfer.

Perhaps, be to process if limit the material of said passage 14 (referring to Fig. 2) by the porous material that allows particulate less than specified size to flow into said passage 14, heat transfer component then as shown in Figure 2 can be used as mass transfer parts 2.Thereby under this configuration, the heat exchanger unit shown in Fig. 5 for example can be used as a filter element.

In another embodiment, said control method relates to fluid and sends radiation and especially ultraviolet radiation.This embodiment is illustrated schematically among Figure 11.Figure 11 .a shows a cross-sectional view of said processing section, and this processing section can be arranged to the unit shown in Fig. 1 and 6---and for example, piling up of the said transferring elements among Fig. 1 and Fig. 6 can be replaced by the configuration shown in Figure 11.Figure 11 .b is a 3 dimensional drawing, shows fluid to be processed in the said processing section flow path around four a layers of parts and a radiation source.

Said processing section is cylindrical along its major axis (corresponding to the vertical direction among Figure 11), and comprises the shell 18 of a tubular cylinder shape, in this shell, is provided with a plurality of parts.In said processing section, axle 23 is provided with three impellers 3.

Layer parts

39,40 also are set in the said processing section, and said

layer parts

39,40 combine for example flow channel through said processing section of impeller 3 qualifications.Flow passage through this flow channel is illustrated in Figure 11 .a by a dotted line.

A radiation source 41 is set in the source guard shield 42.Preferred said radiation source 41 is a UV ray radiation source that sends ultraviolet radiation, and preferred said source guard shield 42 is a tubular element that ultraviolet radiation can be passed; This source guard shield is preferably processed by quartz crystal.Said radiation source 41 and said source guard shield 42 are shown in figure 11 to be tangential on said layer arrangements of components, but can also consider a lot of other configurations of radiation source and outer cover within the scope of the present invention.

Said

layer parts

39,40 are two kinds of difformities.Said layer parts 39 leave a path of opening between its edge and said shell 18, said layer parts 40 are sealed to said shell 18 and comprise a breakthrough portion, center that allows direction of flow and get into an impeller 3 in its edge.Should dispose similar thus with the configuration shown in Fig. 1.Therefore; When said axle 23 rotates; Said impeller 3 with the following type of flow with fluid suction through said processing section: said fluid flows into first impeller 3 from an import, and this first impeller 3 is the impeller that in said processing section, is arranged at towards the upper reaches of said import.Said fluid leaves first impeller 3 and flows to and cross the edge of ground floor parts 39, and after this, said direction of flow is positioned at second impeller 3 in the downstream of said first impeller 3.This form is repeated to leave said processing section until said fluid.

In the process of fluid through said processing section, said fluid very flows near the ultraviolet source that is positioned at source outer cover 42.And; Preferred said

layer parts

39,40 are processed by the transparent material of ultraviolet radiation;---damping characteristic that the depends on said fluid---arrival of for example processed by quartz crystal, thereby said radiation being penetrable is not located immediately near the zone, said processing section the said source outer cover 42.Said processing section is designed such that

layer parts

39,40 limit a plurality of interface channels; Wherein passage 44 is that the direct emitted radiation in said source gets into the direct exposed vias in it; And because one or more layers of

parts

39,40 have been passed through in said radiation, passage 43 is that the direct emitted radiation in said source gets into the non-direct exposed vias in it.Thus, said source is considered to direct emitted radiation and gets into said passage 44, although said source is by 42 protections of said source outer cover.

Should be noted in the discussion above that whether non-direct exposed vias accepts the damping characteristic that said fluid is especially depended in radiation; For example, if said fluid is extremely decayed said radiation, then said radiation can not penetrate said fluid and get into non-direct exposed vias.But said processing section is designed such that when the decay that comes from said fluid not significantly the time, will extend into non-direct exposed vias 43 from the radiation of ultraviolet source.

As disclosed with reference to above-mentioned embodiment, the fluid that flows out said impeller 3 flows with the helical flow mode.In this embodiment, the said radiation shield that includes radiation source is taken as a transferring elements of the present invention.And, when said one or more layers of

parts

39,40 for the transparent words of the radiation of sending from said radiation source because these parts are considered to transmit radiation to said fluid, these parts also are considered to transferring elements of the present invention.Therefore; If thereby also flow with a kind of helical flow form of radial velocity component Vr and tangential speed component vt that comprises through the said fluid of said radiation outer cover through said radiation source---transferring elements is processed by the transparent material of radiation, also passes through said transferring elements---.Can be applied to controlling said radial velocity and tangential velocity according to control method of the present invention.

Above-mentioned control method has following advantage: promptly, the big I of said radial velocity component and tangential speed component is controlled independently of one another.Through using this control method, under the big or small constant situation that keeps tangential speed component, can for example increase or reduce flow rate through said device.Perhaps, the big I of tangential speed component is increased and does not change flow rate.Through using this control method, can obtain following advantage: promptly, the dirt on said source can be removed, and through increasing said tangential speed component smearing (wherein particulate covers each other) is diminished.

Said control method can comprise the information of use about the relation between the transmission of the rotary speed of impeller and for example heat, material or radiation.This information can comprise relevant some of the tangential velocity with fluid qualitatively or quantitative information, and said relevant information can be depending on the physical characteristic of said fluid.Said information can for example obtain through experiment or computer simulation.Said information is stored in database or other computer-readable mediums usually, through these databases or computer-readable recording medium, uses that employed control system can obtain said information in the control method of the present invention.Said information mode as follows is stored: wherein man-machine interactively must be as the part of control method.Control method can comprise the speed of the impeller that control is relevant with a fluid or two or more fluids.Control method can extra or optionally comprise the one or more throttling arrangements such as choke valve of control.

In above embodiment, said radial velocity and tangential velocity can be regarded as and be positioned at the plane that the surface with said transferring elements parallels.Figure 12 shows an embodiment, and wherein said transferring elements 2 is a tubulose.First fluid flows in transferring elements 2, and second fluid is in said transferring elements 2 outside and said shell 18 internal flows.These two fluids all are shown as with the helical flow form and flow; Said tangential speed component Vt is regarded as the rotating part of said fluid, and said radial velocity component Vr is regarded as along the velocity component of longitudinal direction (arrow that is indicated r in the drawings illustrates) as shown in the figure.This configuration with more than conform to because said radial component can be regarded as the amount relevant with flow rate, said tangential speed component can be regarded as with flow rate irrelevant.

Can recycle flowing through the one or more fluids that install according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.This recirculation can be implemented in the following manner: promptly, all or part of of the fluid of the outlet of bleeder is directed to an import of this device again.

Claims

1. at least one first fluid transmission that is used for controlling heat, material and/or a device of radiation direction; At least one first fluid of perhaps controlling from a device transmits the method for heat, material and/or radiation; Said device comprises at least one level; This level comprises a transferring elements (2) and a rotary blade (3), and this impeller is arranged and makes the first fluid that flows out said impeller flow along the surface of said transferring elements (2), and wherein first fluid is along the mobile helical flow form that comprises on the said surface of said transferring elements; This helical flow form has a radial velocity component Vr and a tangential speed component Vt; It is characterized in that said device also comprises one or more throttling arrangements that are used for the first fluid that flows through said device is carried out throttling

I) transmission capacity is about the function of radial velocity component Vr with about the function of tangential speed component Vt, and

Ii) said radial velocity component Vr and said tangential speed component Vt are independently.

2. method according to claim 1, wherein transmission capacity AT can be expressed as AT=f ₁(Vr)+f ₂(Vt)

F wherein ₁And f ₂Be to be respectively applied for to express said tangential speed component Vt and radial velocity component Vr separately and the function of the correlation between the transmission capacity AT.

3. method according to claim 1, wherein through changing the rotating speed of said impeller, said transmission capacity is variable, does not influence first fluid said the to be processed flow rate through said device simultaneously.

4. method according to claim 1, wherein through changing the rotating speed of said impeller, first fluid said to be processed is variable through the flow rate of said device, does not influence the transmission capacity of first fluid described in the said device simultaneously.

5. according to each described method of claim 1-3, wherein said throttling arrangement comprises choke valve, the one or more special-purpose chamber of throttling, a dividing plate, a pipe or adverse current that narrows down gradually with said first fluid of being used for.

6. method according to claim 1, the rotating speed response of wherein said impeller be in increasing the increase of transmitting demand, and in response to the reduction of transmitting demand is reduced.

7. method according to claim 1, the rotating speed response of wherein said impeller be in reducing the increase of transmitting demand, and in response to the reduction of transmitting demand is increased.

8. method according to claim 1, wherein said device comprise that second fluid flows through one or more passage, and said passage is arranged and makes and to transmit between the first fluid flow through said transferring elements and second fluid.

9. method according to claim 8 wherein provides said second fluid and flows through one or more passage in said transferring elements.

10. method according to claim 8; Wherein said device comprises the impeller that is used for said first fluid and the impeller that is used for said second fluid, and wherein said method comprises in response to the transmission demand of appointment and controls the rotating speed that those are used for the impeller of the said first fluid and second fluid.

11. method according to claim 10, the wherein said rotating speed that is used for the said impeller of the said first fluid and second fluid can be by independent control.

12. method according to claim 10, the wherein said rotating speed that is used for the said impeller of the said first fluid and second fluid are common rotations.

Supply the 3rd fluid through one or more passage 13. method according to claim 8, wherein said device comprise, said passage is arranged and makes through said transferring elements, transmits between the said fluid.

14. method according to claim 8, wherein said device comprises the impeller that is used for each fluid, and wherein said method comprises the rotating speed of controlling the said impeller that is used for each fluid in response to the transmission demand of an appointment.

15. method according to claim 8; Wherein said device comprises that also one or more throttling arrangements are to be used for that first fluid through said device and/or second fluid through said device are carried out throttling; And wherein said method also comprises in response to the increase of the demand of transmission or reduces; Increase or reduce throttling through said throttling arrangement, thereby correspondingly increase or reduce the pressure drop on said throttling arrangement said fluid.

16. method according to claim 13; Wherein said device comprises that also one or more throttling arrangements are to be used for that first fluid through said device and/or the 3rd fluid through said device are carried out throttling; And wherein said method also comprises in response to the increase of the demand of transmission or reduces; Increase or reduce throttling through said throttling arrangement, thereby correspondingly increase or reduce the pressure drop on said throttling arrangement said fluid.

17. method according to claim 16, wherein said throttle response are in the increase of the rotating speed of said impeller and increase.

18. method according to claim 17, wherein because the rotating speed of said impeller increases, the increase of controlling said throttling makes through the flow rate of one or more fluids of said device constant.

19. method according to claim 16, wherein said throttle response are in the reducing of rotating speed of said impeller and reduce.

20. method according to claim 19, wherein because the rotating speed of said impeller reduces, that selects said throttling reduces to make that the flow rate of the one or more fluids through said device is constant.

21. method according to claim 1, wherein said transferring elements comprise a filter component, this filter component has the hole that only allows to pass through less than the particulate of specified size this filter component of entering.

22. method according to claim 1, wherein said transferring elements comprise a heat transfer component.

23. method according to claim 22, wherein said heat transfer component comprises internal channel, can flow through this internal channel and freeze/add hot fluid.

24. method according to claim 1, wherein said transferring elements comprise a radiation source or comprise the radiation guiding device, makes surface emitting to the one or more fluids of radiation from said transferring elements.

25. according to each described method in the claim 1 to 4 and 6 to 24, wherein said device comprises a plurality of levels.

26. method according to claim 25, wherein said a plurality of grades transferring elements is similar each other or mutually the same.

27. method according to claim 25, wherein said a plurality of grades transferring elements is suitable for multiple different transmission.