CN101832549A - Multi-ejection grading combustion method and W flame boiler device for realizing same - Google Patents

Multi-ejection grading combustion method and W flame boiler device for realizing same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101832549A
CN101832549A CN201010149634A CN201010149634A CN101832549A CN 101832549 A CN101832549 A CN 101832549A CN 201010149634 A CN201010149634 A CN 201010149634A CN 201010149634 A CN201010149634 A CN 201010149634A CN 101832549 A CN101832549 A CN 101832549A
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air
flow
air port
overfire air
arch
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CN101832549B (en
Inventor
李争起
陈智超
况敏
孙锐
朱群益
曾令艳
刘春龙
孙绍增
吴少华
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Priority to CN2010101496345A priority Critical patent/CN101832549B/en
Priority to US12/736,365 priority patent/US20110253066A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2010/073947 priority patent/WO2011130936A1/en
Priority to GB1017575.0A priority patent/GB2486630B/en
Publication of CN101832549A publication Critical patent/CN101832549A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
    • F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
    • F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
    • F22B35/002—Control by recirculating flue gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
    • F23C5/24—Disposition of burners to obtain a loop flame
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
    • F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
    • F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
    • F23C6/047—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure with fuel supply in stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
    • F23C2201/10—Furnace staging
    • F23C2201/101—Furnace staging in vertical direction, e.g. alternating lean and rich zones

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-ejection grading combustion method and a W flame boiler device for realizing the method and relates to a grading combustion method and a W flame boiler device. Aiming at the problems of high NOx exhaust, high fly ash combustible material content, serious water-cooling wall scorification of a front and rear wall of a lower hearth and poor flame stability of a W flame boiler, the method comprises the following steps of: ejecting internal and external secondary air at the air speed of 35-65m/s step by step and downwards ejecting by carrying a concentrated coal dust airflow at the air speed of 10-20m/s to realize first and second stage grading combustion; and injecting arch lower secondary air at the air speed of 35-65m/s into the lower heath by an arch lower secondary air nozzle to realize third stage grading combustion. A concentrated coal dust airflow nozzle, an internal secondary air nozzle, a light coal dust airflow nozzle and an external secondary air nozzle are sequentially distributed from the center side of the hearth to the water-cooling wall of the front and rear wall of the lower hearth on a boiler arch; and the front and rear wall of the lower hearth is provided with the arch lower secondary air nozzle along the width direction of the hearth. The invention can greatly reduce NOx exhaust and fly ash combustible material content when used for the W flame boiler.

Description

The method of multi-ejection grading combustion and realize the W flame boiler apparatus of this method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and W flame boiler apparatus of fractional combustion, belong to W flame boiler field of combustion technology.
Background technology
W flame combustion boiler is a kind of specially for using the boiler that anthracite, meager coal design, the following problem of this W flame boiler ubiquity in service: NO xDischarge capacity is up to 1600～1800mg/m 3, unburned combustible in fly ash height, lower hearth front wall and the rear water wall slagging scorification is serious, breeze airflow catches fire late and flame holding is relatively poor.
Flow field, cross section that above-mentioned described W flame boiler is common and arch are gone up the burner nozzle arrangement as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.On structure, the above three aspect problem is analyzed NO xThe reason that discharge capacity is high is: 1. thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 and overfire air port 20 are alternate intensive layout, wind speed is promptly sneaked in the thick coal culm air-flow 5 after leaving spout far above the secondary wind 23 of thick coal culm air-flow 5, thick coal culm air-flow 5 speed are raise rapidly and finally reach and equate with secondary wind 23 wind speed and integral body is descending, thick coal culm air-flow 5 was in the oxygen-enriched combusting state for a long time when this just made boiler operatiopn, thereby had generated a large amount of NO x2. thin powdered coal air-flow 7 sprays near burner hearth center 2-1, because thin powdered coal air-flow 7 momentum are little, the extruding of the high temperature reflux flue gas under being encircleed in the recirculating zone 22 and deflection mixes to thick coal culm air-flow 5 sides and with thick coal culm air-flow 5 adopts bias combustion to reduce NO fundamentally losing former imagination xThe effect that generates (illustrates: when organizing bias combustion thick coal culm air-flow powder is condensed into coal dust content height, one air-flow that air capacity is low, the thick coal culm air-flow burnt under the oxygen deprivation condition in early days, thereby limit NO to a certain extent xGenerate).
The unburned combustible in fly ash height, its main cause is to encircle down, and secondary wind 9 levels are blown into, descending thick coal culm air-flow 5 in the lower hearth 1 is had interception function, and it is less to make thick coal culm air-flow 5 penetrate the degree of depth under lower hearth 1 in, thereby pulverized coal particle stroke in lower hearth 1 is lacked and shortened the time of staying.In addition, coal powder ignition evening and flame holding difference also are factors that causes that unburned combustible in fly ash is high, analyze from the burner nozzle arrangement: 1. thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 is arranged near the front water wall 2-2 of lower hearths 1 and rear water wall 2-3 and away from burner hearth center 2-1, and it is far away more apart from burner hearth center 2-1, flue-gas temperature is low more, thereby the flue-gas temperature of heating thick coal culm air-flow 5 is relatively low, and is unfavorable to catching fire; 2. thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 is sleeve configuration, and the heating surface of thick coal culm air-flow 5 was little when this made high-temperature flue gas heating thick coal culm air-flow 5, thereby influenced catching fire and flame holding of breeze airflow; 3. thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 upper edges are not concordant with overfire air port 20 upper edges, zone between the ledge of thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 upper edges and two lateral second wind spouts 20 does not have other air-flow, this makes outstanding part secondary wind 23 very easily to this zone diffusion, thereby between high-temperature flue gas, form the wind film near burner hearth center 2-1 side at thick coal culm air-flow 5, block the high-temperature flue gas of close burner hearth center 2-1 side and mixing of thick coal culm air-flow 5, thereby caused ignition lag, combustion instability; 4. thin powdered coal air-flow 7 sprays into from encircleing to go up near the burner hearth central area, the high-temperature flue gas that hinders near burner hearth center 2-1 side mixes with thick coal culm air-flow 5 on the one hand, the thin powdered coal air-flow 7 of low temperature has reduced the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas of close burner hearth center 2-1 side on the other hand, thereby unfavorable with steady combustion to catching fire.
Lower hearth front wall and rear water wall slagging scorification seriously be because: 1. thick coal culm air-flow 5 sprays near the front water wall 2-2 and the rear water wall 2-3 side of lower hearths 1, and the gap does not have other air-flow between thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 and front water wall 2-2 and the rear water wall 2-3, secondary wind 23 carries the thick coal culm air-flow and breaks through Cheng Zhongyi for 5 times to the diffusion of front wall and rear water wall and wash away water-cooling wall, thereby causes slagging scorification; 2. thick coal culm air-flow 5 volumetric expansion along with the temperature rising in descending process, and the lateral thrust effect that expanded by burner hearth central area high-temperature flue gas and apply, thereby thick coal culm air-flow 5 is easily to the front wall and the rear water walls expansion of both sides, washes away front wall and rear water wall and causes slagging scorification.
(China Patent No. is ZL 2006100100895 to Chinese invention patent " a kind of W type flame furnace of Underarch secondary-wind down ward-bias ", Granted publication day is on June 24th, 2009, patent application day is on May 26th, 2006, call " file one " in the following text), (open day is on February 18th, 2009 in Chinese invention patent application " a kind of stable combustion anti-slag gap type W-shaped flame boiler apparatus ", application number is 200810137213.3, the applying date is on September 27th, 2008, call " file two " in the following text) and Chinese invention patent application " a kind of W type flame boiler that has the extended-range secondary air spout " (open day is on March 10th, 2010, application number is 200910309100.1, the applying date is on October 30th, 2009, call " file three " in the following text) W flame boiler ubiquitous problem in service has all been proposed corresponding measure, make the problem of these existence obtain alleviation to a certain degree, but can not solve the problem of existence as yet comprehensively.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve the W flame boiler NO of existence in service xDischarge capacity height, unburned combustible in fly ash height, lower hearth front wall and rear water wall slagging scorification are serious, breeze airflow catches fire problem late and that flame holding is relatively poor, and then a kind of method of multi-ejection grading combustion are provided and realize the W flame boiler apparatus of this method.
For ease of understanding, set forth with regard to the definition of " injection " earlier: for two strands of air-flows that wind speed is different, its static pressure of air-flow that wind speed is high is little, and low its static pressure of air-flow of wind speed is big, when these two strands of air-flows are parallel across a certain distance mutually when spraying in the stove, have differential static pressure between these two strands of air-flows, under the effect of differential static pressure, that burst air current flow that low that strand air-flow of wind speed deflection wind speed is high is also mixed gradually with high that strand air-flow of wind speed.Because the air-flow that wind speed is low drives current downflow at the high air-flow of wind speed, the stroke of air-flow in stove that wind speed is lower prolonged.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme of taking to be: the method for multi-ejection grading combustion of the present invention is achieved in that and respectively is being furnished with a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts on the preceding chimney arch of burner hearth the front water wall from the burner hearth central side to burner hearth and on the back chimney arch at burner hearth the rear water wall from the burner hearth central side to burner hearth successively, overfire air port in a plurality of, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts and a plurality of outer overfire air port, the thick coal culm air-flow is sprayed in the lower hearth by a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts, interior secondary wind is sprayed in the lower hearth by overfire air port in a plurality of, the thin powdered coal air-flow is sprayed in the lower hearth by a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts, outer secondary wind is sprayed in the lower hearth by a plurality of outer overfire air ports, by wind speed is the interior secondary wind of 35～65m/s and outer secondary wind that wind speed is 35～65m/s injection and carry under the thick coal culm air-flow that wind speed is 10～20m/s and penetrate step by step, the first order and second level fractional combustion have been realized, wind speed is that secondary wind is sprayed in the lower hearth 1 by overfire air port on the front water wall that is arranged on lower hearth and under a plurality of arches on the rear water wall under the arch of 35～65m/s, further the injection breeze airflow is descending, realized third level fractional combustion, the arch center line and the angle between the horizontal plane of overfire air port down is 25 °～45 °, thick coal culm air-flow spout, thin powdered coal air-flow spout, arch is overfire air port down, the shape of interior overfire air port and outer overfire air port is rectangle or circle, and the length-width ratio that is shaped as the thick coal culm air-flow spout of rectangle is 4～5: 1.
The W flame boiler apparatus of multi-ejection grading combustion of the present invention comprises that two chimney arch are respectively preceding chimney arch and back chimney arch by overfire air port under lower hearth, upper furnace and two burner hearths that chimney arch constituted and a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spout, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout and a plurality of arch; Described device also comprises the overfire air port of a plurality of hierarchical arrangement, and the overfire air port of a plurality of hierarchical arrangement is respectively a plurality of interior overfire air ports and a plurality of outer overfire air port; On the preceding chimney arch the front water wall from the burner hearth central side to burner hearth and on the chimney arch of back the rear water wall from the burner hearth central side to burner hearth each be furnished with successively a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts, a plurality of in overfire air port, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout and a plurality of outside overfire air port, each is provided with overfire air port under a plurality of arches along furnace chamber width on the wall of on the front wall of lower hearth and back, and the center line and the angle between the horizontal plane of overfire air port is 25 °～45 ° under each arch; A plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts are made of a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spout groups, and every group of thick coal culm air-flow spout is made of two thick coal culm air-flow spouts that abut against together, and a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spout groups are the in-line spaced set along furnace chamber width; A plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts are made of a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout groups, and every group of thin powdered coal air-flow spout is made of two thin powdered coal air-flow spouts that abut against together, and a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout groups are the in-line spaced set along furnace chamber width; Overfire air port is the in-line spaced set in furnace chamber width in a plurality of; A plurality of outer overfire air ports are the in-line spaced set in furnace chamber width; Overfire air port, a plurality of interior overfire air ports and a plurality of outer overfire air port all are communicated with lower hearth under a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout, a plurality of arch, thick coal culm air-flow spout, thin powdered coal air-flow spout, the arch shape of overfire air port, interior overfire air port and outer overfire air port down are rectangle or circle, and the length-width ratio that is shaped as the thick coal culm air-flow spout of rectangle is 4～5: 1.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect: NO xDischarging reduces significantly, unburned combustible in fly ash reduces, the front water wall and the rear water wall slagging scorification of burner hearth alleviate, catch fire in advance and combustion stability strengthens, and makes introductions all round below:
(1) NO xDischarging reduces significantly
1. in that each is arranging thick coal culm air-flow 5 successively to the rear water wall 2-3 of burner hearth direction by burner hearth center 2-1 to the front water wall 2-2 of burner hearth and on the chimney arch 15 of back by burner hearth center 2-1 on the preceding chimney arch 3, interior secondary wind 6, thin powdered coal air-flow 7 and outer secondary wind 8, by wind speed is the interior secondary wind 6 of 35～65m/s and outer secondary wind 8 that wind speed is 35～65m/s injection and to carry wind speed be that the thick coal culm air-flow of 10～20m/s is penetrated for 5 times step by step, the first order and second level fractional combustion have been realized, avoided secondary wind to sneak into too early in the thick coal culm air-flow 5, thick coal culm air-flow 5 is under the oxygen-lean atmosphere for a long time burns, suppressed NO xGeneration.Be close to the interior secondary wind 6 first injections of thick coal culm air-flow 5 and carry the thick coal culm air-flow and penetrate one section degree of depth for 5 times, the coal dust required air that burns in earlier stage is provided simultaneously, injects downwards near the outer secondary wind 8 of the front water wall 2-2 of burner hearth and rear water wall 2-3 and just mix and carry breeze airflow mutually after the lower hearth degree of depth far away and lower hearth 1 in, continue to go deep into the mixed airflow of thick coal culm air-flow 5, interior secondary wind 6 and thin powdered coal air-flow 7; 2. secondary wind 6 intercepts between thick coal culm air-flow 5 and thin powdered coal air-flow 7 because in having, and the mixing of thick coal culm air-flow 5 and thin powdered coal air-flow 7 is able to obvious delay, has realized bias combustion, thereby has reduced NO xGeneration; 3. wind speed be under the arch of 35～65m/s secondary wind 9 by arch down overfire air port 14 spray in the lower hearth 1, the arch center line and the angle α between the horizontal plane of overfire air port 14 down is 25 °～45 °, secondary wind 9 further injection breeze airflows are descending under the arch of biased downward, realized third level fractional combustion; In addition, secondary wind 9 has also been postponed breeze airflow and arch mixing of secondary wind 9 down under the arch of biased downward, has prolonged the burning time of breeze airflow under oxygen-lean atmosphere, has reduced NO xGenerate.Since on chimney arch, form thick coal culm air-flow 5 and secondary air separating from, thick coal culm air-flow 5 be subjected to inside and outside secondary wind on the chimney arch step by step injection and arch the further injection of secondary wind 9 is descending down, thereby in burner hearth, form multi-ejection grading combustion, thick coal culm air-flow 5 is in the combustion with meagre oxygen state for a long time, has suppressed NO XGeneration, simultaneously dense, light two strands of breeze airflows have been realized bias combustion, thereby NO XDischarging reduces significantly.
(2) unburned combustible in fly ash reduces
1. thick coal culm air-flow 5 close burner hearth center 2-1 sides are arranged, because of close burner hearth central area temperature height, thick coal culm air-flow 5 can mix with high temperature reflux flue gas under the arch after spraying into burner hearth, can in time catch fire and improve after-flame with smooth combustion; 2. thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 is that to be transformed into length-width ratio be 4～5: 1 rectangle for 10～12: 1 long and narrow slit-shaped by length-width ratio in the prior art, this structural change makes that on the one hand heating surface was big when thick coal culm air-flow 5 was subjected to the heating of high temperature reflux flue gas, help in time catching fire and improve burn-off rate with smooth combustion, make thick coal culm air-flow 5 more concentrated and delayed the jet decay on the other hand, thereby the stroke of thick coal culm air-flow 5 in lower hearth 1 prolonged and improved burn-off rate at width; 3. on chimney arch, wind speed is that the thick coal culm air-flow 5 of 10～20m/s is the interior secondary wind 6 of 35～65m/s and outer secondary wind 8 injection and carry down and penetrate step by step by wind speed, when breeze airflow arrives the near zone of overfire air port 14 under the arch, be that secondary wind 9 further injections are descending under the arch of 35～65m/s by wind speed again, thick coal culm air-flow 5 strengthens in the following degree of depth of penetrating of lower hearth 1, and pulverized coal particle prolongs at residing time in furnace, and it is more abundant to burn, unburned combustible in fly ash reduces, and boiler efficiency improves.
(3) front wall and rear water wall slagging scorification alleviate
Thick coal culm air-flow 5 is near burner hearth center 2-1 side, thin powdered coal air-flow 7 near front water wall 2-2 and rear water wall 2-3 one side and interior secondary wind 6 and outside between the secondary wind 8, the pulverized coal particle that outer secondary wind 8 has intercepted in thin powdered coal air-flow 7 and the thick coal culm air-flow 5 on the one hand washes away water-cooling wall, reduce water-cooling wall near zone temperature on the other hand, thereby alleviated the front water wall 2-2 and the rear water wall 2-3 slagging scorification of burner hearth.
(4) the thick coal culm air-flow catches fire in advance and the combustion stability enhancing
1. thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 is arranged near burner hearth center 2-1 side, not having secondary wind or thin powdered coal air-flow between thick coal culm air-flow 5 and burner hearth center 2-1 again arranges, one side thick coal culm air-flow 5 lower zone flue-gas temperature height, the dilution of thick coal culm air-flow 5 no secondary wind or thin powdered coal air-flow before catching fire on the other hand, thereby high temperature, high coal powder density zone have been formed at thick coal culm air-flow 5 lower zones, and the coal powder density height, ignition heat reduces, ignition temperature is low, thereby breeze airflow catches fire in advance and flame holding improves; 2. to be transformed into length-width ratio by the long and narrow slit-shaped of length-width ratio in the prior art 10～12: 1 be 4～5: 1 rectangle to thick coal culm air-flow spout 10, this structural change makes thick coal culm air-flow 5 be subjected to the heating surface of high temperature reflux flue gas heating big on the one hand, make thick coal culm air-flow 5 more concentrated and delayed the jet decay on the other hand, thereby breeze airflow catch fire in advance and flame holding improves at width.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that (Flow Field Distribution is the plane of symmetry with burner hearth center 2-1 among the figure for flow field, the cross section schematic diagram of W flame boiler apparatus of multi-ejection grading combustion of the present invention, the velocity attitude that each strand sprays into gas stream in the stove among the figure all adopts arrow to mark), Fig. 2 is that the A of Fig. 1 is to partial schematic diagram, Fig. 3 is flow field, the cross section schematic diagram (velocity attitude that each strand sprays into gas stream in the stove among the figure all adopts arrow to mark) of existing W type flame boiler, Fig. 4 is that the B of Fig. 3 is to partial schematic diagram, Fig. 5 is the burner nozzle schematic diagram on the chimney arch 3 before being arranged in " file two ", and Fig. 6 is the burner nozzle schematic diagram on the chimney arch 3 before being arranged in " file three ".
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the method of a kind of multi-ejection grading combustion of present embodiment is achieved in that and respectively is being furnished with a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10 on the preceding chimney arch 3 of burner hearth the front water wall 2-2 from burner hearth center 2-1 side to burner hearth and on the back chimney arch 15 at burner hearth the rear water wall 2-3 from burner hearth center 2-1 side to burner hearth successively, overfire air port 11 in a plurality of, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 and a plurality of outer overfire air port 13, thick coal culm air-flow 5 is sprayed in the lower hearth 1 by a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10, interior secondary wind 6 is sprayed in the lower hearth 1 by overfire air port 11 in a plurality of, thin powdered coal air-flow 7 is sprayed in the lower hearth 1 by a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12, outer secondary wind 8 is sprayed in the lower hearth 1 by a plurality of outer overfire air ports 13, by wind speed is the interior secondary wind 6 of 35～65m/s and outer secondary wind 8 that wind speed is 35～65m/s injection and to carry wind speed be that the thick coal culm air-flow of 10～20m/s is penetrated for 5 times step by step, the first order and second level fractional combustion have been realized, wind speed be under the arch of 35～65m/s secondary wind 9 go up by the front water wall 2-2 that is arranged on lower hearth 1 and rear water wall 2-3 on a plurality of arches under overfire air port 14 spray in the lower hearth 1, further the injection breeze airflow is descending, realized third level fractional combustion, the arch center line and the angle α between the horizontal plane of overfire air port 14 down is 25 °～45 °, thick coal culm air-flow spout 10, thin powdered coal air-flow spout 12, arch is overfire air port 14 down, the shape of interior overfire air port 11 and outer overfire air port 13 is rectangle or circle, and the length-width ratio that is shaped as the thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 of rectangle is 4～5: 1.For jumbo pulverized-coal fired boiler (as the 600MW grade), because the about 16m of the lower hearth degree of depth, adopt arch go up inside and outside secondary wind step by step injection and arch down the further injection of secondary wind can guarantee that the thick coal culm air-flow has enough following degree of depth of penetrating at lower hearth, thereby realize efficient after-flame.
The specific embodiment two: in conjunction with Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, the center line of overfire air port 14 and the angle α between the horizontal plane are 45 ° under the arch of present embodiment.When secondary wind 9 biased downward angles are excessive under the arch, to cause that to penetrate the degree of depth under the breeze airflow excessive and wash away furnace hopper 4, thereby cause furnace hopper 4 slagging scorification, arch secondary wind 9 biased downward down both can guarantee that thick coal culm air-flow 5 had enough following degree of depth of penetrating in lower hearth 1 for 45 °, can avoid furnace hopper 4 slagging scorification again.Other is identical with embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the W flame boiler apparatus of the multi-ejection grading combustion of present embodiment comprises that by 14, two chimney arch of overfire air port under lower hearth 1, upper furnace 2 and two burner hearths that chimney arch constituted and a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spout 10, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 and a plurality of arch be respectively preceding chimney arch 3 and back chimney arch 15; The device of present embodiment also comprises the overfire air port of a plurality of hierarchical arrangement, and the overfire air port of a plurality of hierarchical arrangement is respectively a plurality of interior overfire air ports 11 and a plurality of outer overfire air port 13; On the preceding chimney arch 3 the front water wall 2-2 from burner hearth center 2-1 side to burner hearth and on the chimney arch 15 of back the rear water wall 2-3 from burner hearth center 2-1 side to burner hearth each be furnished with successively a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10, a plurality of in overfire air port 11, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout 12 and a plurality of outside overfire air port 13, each is provided with overfire air port 14 under a plurality of arches along furnace chamber width on the wall of on the front wall of lower hearth 1 and back, and the center line and the angle α between the horizontal plane of overfire air port 14 is 25 °～45 ° under each arch; A plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10 are made of a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spout groups 16, every group of thick coal culm air-flow spout is made of two thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10 that abut against together, and a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spout groups 16 are the in-line spaced set along furnace chamber width; A plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 are made of a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout groups 17, every group of thin powdered coal air-flow spout is made of two thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 that abut against together, and a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout groups 17 are the in-line spaced set along furnace chamber width; Overfire air port 11 is the in-line spaced set in furnace chamber width in a plurality of; A plurality of outer overfire air ports 13 are the in-line spaced set in furnace chamber width; Overfire air port 14, a plurality of interior overfire air ports 11 and a plurality of outer overfire air port 13 all are communicated with lower hearth 1 under a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout 12, a plurality of arch, thick coal culm air-flow spout 10, thin powdered coal air-flow spout 12, the arch shape of overfire air port 14, interior overfire air port 11 and outer overfire air port 13 down are rectangle or circle, and the length-width ratio that is shaped as the thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 of rectangle is 4～5: 1.For jumbo pulverized-coal fired boiler (as the 600MW grade), because the about 16m of the lower hearth degree of depth, adopt arch go up inside and outside secondary wind step by step injection and arch down the further injection of secondary wind can guarantee that the thick coal culm air-flow has enough following degree of depth of penetrating at lower hearth, thereby realize efficient after-flame.
The specific embodiment four: in conjunction with Fig. 2 present embodiment is described, the gross area that is shaped as circular a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10 of present embodiment equates with the gross area of a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10 that are shaped as rectangle; The gross area that is shaped as circular a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 equates with the gross area of a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 that are shaped as rectangle; The gross area of overfire air port 14 equates under the gross area that is shaped as overfire air port 14 under circular a plurality of arches and a plurality of arches that are shaped as rectangle; The gross area that is shaped as circular a plurality of interior overfire air ports 11 equates with the gross area of a plurality of interior overfire air ports 11 that are shaped as rectangle; The gross area that is shaped as circular a plurality of outer overfire air port 13 equates with the gross area of a plurality of outer overfire air port 13 that is shaped as rectangle.The a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10, interior overfire air port 11, thin powdered coal air-flow spout 12 and the outer overfire air port 13 that have only drawn in the accompanying drawing 2 and be shaped as rectangle.By a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10 of circle spray into the circular thick coal culm air-flow in the stove, circular a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 spray into circular thin powdered coal air-flow in the stove, be shaped as circular a plurality of in overfire air port 11 spray into secondary wind in circular in the stove, be shaped as circular a plurality of outer overfire air port 13 spray in the stove circular outer secondary wind and by being shaped as stream that overfire air port 14 under circular a plurality of arches sprays into secondary wind under the cycloidal arch in the stove to penetrate rigidity strong and difficult the decay can guarantee that circular thick coal culm air-flow has enough following degree of depth of penetrating at lower hearth.Other is identical with the specific embodiment three.
The specific embodiment five: in conjunction with Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10 on a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts 10 on the preceding chimney arch 3 of present embodiment and the back chimney arch 15 are symmetrical arranged with respect to burner hearth center 2-1; A plurality of interior overfire air port 11 on the preceding chimney arch 3 and a plurality of interior overfire air port 11 on the chimney arch 15 of back are symmetrical arranged with respect to burner hearth center 2-1; A plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 on a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts 12 on the preceding chimney arch 3 and the back chimney arch 15 are symmetrical arranged with respect to burner hearth center 2-1; A plurality of outer overfire air port 13 on a plurality of outer overfire air port 13 on the preceding chimney arch 3 and the back chimney arch 15 is symmetrical arranged with respect to burner hearth center 2-1.Thick coal culm air-flow 5, thin powdered coal air-flow 7, interior secondary wind 6, outer secondary wind 8 and arch secondary wind 9 down spray in the stove by burner hearth center 2-1 symmetry, descending air-flow before making in the lower hearth 1 under chimney arch 3 and the back chimney arch 15 can form symmetrical W type flow field by burner hearth center 2-1, has guaranteed that the breeze airflow under preceding chimney arch 3 and the back chimney arch 15 carries out the symmetry burning by burner hearth center 2-1.Other is identical with the specific embodiment three or four.
Embodiment: this example is that the W flame boiler of a 300MW is set up the cold model testing stand; to former boiler structure down and burner nozzle adopt three kinds of arrangements of the prior art (i.e. " file one " respectively; " file two " and " file three ") and the present invention in the ejection grading combustion arrangement; carry out the following degree of depth of penetrating of cold model experimental measurement thick coal culm air-flow, record (being the W flame combustion boiler of mentioning in the background technology) under the former boiler structure; " file one "; penetrating the degree of depth under the thick coal culm air-flow of " file two " and " file three " (is the vertical range L of thick coal culm air-flow flex point A ' to the export center of thick coal culm air-flow spout 1, as shown in Figure 3) be respectively 7.5m, 9.5m, 9.1m and 8.8m, behind the ejection grading combustion arrangement, the mixing point of thick coal culm air-flow 5 and interior secondary wind 6 is apart from the distance h of thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 outlets in adopting the present invention 1=1.8m, the mixing point of thick coal culm air-flow 5 and thin powdered coal air-flow 7 is apart from the distance h of thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 outlets 2=3.0m, the mixing point of thick coal culm air-flow 5 and outer secondary wind 8 is apart from the distance h of thick coal culm air-flow spout 10 outlets 3=5.0m has realized that inside and outside secondary wind and thin powdered coal air-flow 7 mix step by step with thick coal culm air-flow 5; The thick coal culm air-flow is penetrated degree of depth L 5 times 2Increase, the thick coal culm air-flow is penetrated degree of depth L 5 times 2=12.5m.The hot numerical simulation result that this boiler is carried out shows: former boiler structure down and burner nozzle when adopting three kinds of arrangements of the prior art, boiler NO xDischarge capacity is respectively 1882mg/m 3, 1817mg/m 3, 1723mg/m 3And 1321mg/m 3, unburned combustible in fly ash is respectively 11.2%, 8.3%, 5.4% and 5.8%, adopts among the present invention behind the ejection grading combustion arrangement boiler NO xDischarge capacity is reduced to 600mg/m 3, unburned combustible in fly ash is 4.5%, reducing NO significantly xThe boiler operatiopn economy has also obtained maintenance in the time of discharging.Hot numerical simulation result has also drawn under the former boiler structure and burner nozzle when adopting three kinds of arrangements of the prior art, the mean temperature of boiler flue gas near front wall or rear water wall zone is respectively 792 ℃, 807 ℃, 703 ℃ and 628 ℃, average O 2Concentration is respectively 3.9%, 3.2%, 6.4% and 7.8%, and behind the ejection grading combustion arrangement, the flue gas mean temperature is reduced to 620 ℃, average O in this zone in adopting the present invention 2Concentration rises to 8%, owing to formed low temperature, hyperoxia concentration district at front water wall 2-2 and rear water wall 2-3 place near burner hearth, so the front water wall 2-2 of burner hearth and rear water wall 2-3 slagging scorification alleviate.
Operation principle of the present invention: on the chimney arch by inside and outside two strands of secondary wind of high wind speed injection and carry under the thick coal culm air-flow of low wind speed and penetrate step by step, it is descending to carry breeze airflow by the further injection of secondary wind under the arch of wind speed height and biased downward certain angle again under chimney arch, thereby the realization multi-ejection grading combustion has reduced NO xGenerate; The thick coal culm air-flow has effectively been organized bias combustion and has been reduced NO on the one hand near the arrangement of front water wall and rear water wall near burner hearth center and thin powdered coal air-flow xGenerate, help catching fire and smooth combustion of thick coal culm air-flow on the other hand; Outer the most close front water wall of secondary wind and rear water wall are arranged and have been avoided water-cooling wall and rear water wall slagging scorification.

Claims (5)

1. the method for a multi-ejection grading combustion, it is characterized in that: described method is achieved in that and respectively is being furnished with a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts (10) successively the last front water wall (2-2) from burner hearth center (2-1) side to burner hearth of the preceding chimney arch (3) of burner hearth and the last rear water wall (2-3) from burner hearth center (2-1) side to burner hearth of the back chimney arch (15) of burner hearth, overfire air port (11) in a plurality of, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts (12) and a plurality of outer overfire air port (13), thick coal culm air-flow (5) is sprayed in the lower hearth (1) by a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts (10), interior secondary wind (6) is sprayed in the lower hearth 1 by overfire air port (11) in a plurality of, thin powdered coal air-flow (7) is sprayed in the lower hearth (1) by a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts (12), outer secondary wind (8) is sprayed in the lower hearth (1) by a plurality of outer overfire air ports (13), by wind speed is the interior secondary wind (6) of 35～65m/s and outer secondary wind (8) that wind speed is 35～65m/s injection and carry under the thick coal culm air-flow (5) that wind speed is 10～20m/s and penetrate step by step, the first order and second level fractional combustion have been realized, wind speed be under the arch of 35～65m/s secondary wind (9) go up by the front water wall that is arranged on lower hearth (1) (2-2) and rear water wall (2-3) on a plurality of arches under overfire air port (14) spray in the lower hearth (1), further the injection breeze airflow is descending, realized third level fractional combustion, the arch center line and the angle between the horizontal plane (α) of overfire air port (14) down is 25 °～45 °, thick coal culm air-flow spout (10), thin powdered coal air-flow spout (12), arch is overfire air port (14) down, the shape of interior overfire air port (11) and outer overfire air port (13) is rectangle or circle, and the length-width ratio that is shaped as the thick coal culm air-flow spout (10) of rectangle is 4～5: 1.
2. the method for a kind of multi-ejection grading combustion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the arch center line and the angle between the horizontal plane (α) of overfire air port (14) down is 45 °.
3. W flame boiler apparatus of realizing the described method of claim 1, described device comprises that two chimney arch are respectively preceding chimney arch (3) and back chimney arch (15) by overfire air port (14) under lower hearth (1), upper furnace (2) and two burner hearths that chimney arch constituted and a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts (10), a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts (12) and a plurality of arch; It is characterized in that: described device also comprises the overfire air port of a plurality of hierarchical arrangement, and the overfire air port of a plurality of hierarchical arrangement is respectively a plurality of interior overfire air ports (11) and a plurality of outer overfire air port (13); Upward upward each is furnished with a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts (10) successively the rear water wall (2-3) from burner hearth center (2-1) side to burner hearth the front water wall (2-2) from burner hearth center (2-1) side to burner hearth and at back chimney arch (15) at preceding chimney arch (3), overfire air port (11) in a plurality of, a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts (12) and a plurality of outer overfire air port (13), each is provided with overfire air port under a plurality of arches (14) along furnace chamber width on the wall of on the front wall of lower hearth (1) and back, and the center line and the angle between the horizontal plane (α) of overfire air port (14) is 25 °～45 ° under each arch; A plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts (10) are made of a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spout groups (16), every group of thick coal culm air-flow spout is made of two thick coal culm air-flow spouts (10) that abut against together, and a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spout groups (16) are the in-line spaced set along furnace chamber width; A plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts (12) are made of a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout groups (17), every group of thin powdered coal air-flow spout is made of two thin powdered coal air-flow spouts (12) that abut against together, and a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spout groups (17) are the in-line spaced set along furnace chamber width; Overfire air port (11) is the in-line spaced set in furnace chamber width in a plurality of; A plurality of outer overfire air ports (13) are the in-line spaced set in furnace chamber width; Overfire air port (14), a plurality of interior overfire air port (11) and a plurality of outer overfire air port (13) all are communicated with lower hearth (1) under a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts (10), a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts (12), a plurality of arch, thick coal culm air-flow spout (10), thin powdered coal air-flow spout (12), the arch shape of overfire air port (14), interior overfire air port (11) and outer overfire air port (13) down are rectangle or circle, and the length-width ratio that is shaped as the thick coal culm air-flow spout (10) of rectangle is 4～5: 1.
4. the W flame boiler apparatus of multi-ejection grading combustion according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the gross area that is shaped as circular a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts (10) equates with the gross area of a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts (10) that are shaped as rectangle; The gross area that is shaped as circular a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts (12) equates with the gross area of a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts (12) that are shaped as rectangle; The gross area of overfire air port (14) equates under the gross area that is shaped as overfire air port (14) under circular a plurality of arches and a plurality of arches that are shaped as rectangle; The gross area that is shaped as circular a plurality of interior overfire air ports (11) equates with the gross area of a plurality of interior overfire air ports (11) that are shaped as rectangle; The gross area that is shaped as circular a plurality of outer overfire air port (13) equates with the gross area of a plurality of outer overfire air port (13) that is shaped as rectangle.
5. according to the W flame boiler apparatus of claim 3 or 4 described multi-ejection grading combustions, it is characterized in that: a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts (10) on a plurality of thick coal culm air-flow spouts (10) on the preceding chimney arch (3) and the back chimney arch (15) are symmetrical arranged with respect to burner hearth center (2-1); A plurality of interior overfire air port (11) on the preceding chimney arch (3) and a plurality of interior overfire air port (11) on the back chimney arch (15) are symmetrical arranged with respect to burner hearth center (2-1); A plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts (12) on the preceding chimney arch (3) and a plurality of thin powdered coal air-flow spouts (12) on the back chimney arch (15) are symmetrical arranged with respect to burner hearth center (2-1); A plurality of outer overfire air port (13) on the preceding chimney arch (3) and a plurality of outer overfire air port (13) on the back chimney arch (15) are symmetrical arranged with respect to burner hearth center (2-1).
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US12/736,365 US20110253066A1 (en) 2010-04-19 2010-06-13 W-staged flame boiler for multi-stage combustion with multi-ejection and its method thereof
PCT/CN2010/073947 WO2011130936A1 (en) 2010-04-19 2010-06-13 Staged combustion method with multiple injections and w-shaped flame boiler device for carrying out the same
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