CN101828662A - Recovery corn kernels and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Recovery corn kernels and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to recovery corn kernels and a preparation method thereof, in particular to nutrition-enriched recovery corn kernels and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of: processing corn kernels as raw materials, together with natural rice, by a processing flow of pre-screening, electrostatic cleaning, high pressure cleaning, multi-stage pulverization, test sieving and grain recycling in sequence to obtain raw material powder and rice flour; pre-mixing the raw material powder, water, an emulsifier and then mixing with the rice flour, water, cellulose, a heat stabilizer, nutrient and a crosslinking agent at certain temperature; pouring the mixture in an extruder for extrusion molding and cutting for granulation to obtain grains, the outer surfaces of which are about to be coated with a layer of edible oily substance; processing the obtained grains by pre-drying, high-temperature drying and low-temperature drying; and coating a layer of edible oily substance on the outer surfaces of the dried grains; cooling at constant temperature and moisture to obtain the recovery corn kernels. The preparation method of the recovery corn kernels is simple and has high yield; in addition, the obtained recovery corn kernel has higher nutrition content and the shape and the cooking time of the obtained recovery corn kernels are similar to that of rice or corn.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of recovery corn kernels and preparation method thereof, particularly recovery corn kernels of a kind of fortification and preparation method thereof belongs to food processing field.
Background technology
Account for Asia, the Middle East and the Hispanic resident of world population more than 2/3 with the staple food of cereal, satisfy the absorption of its daily calorie of absorption and nutrient as daily life.Yet nutrients such as the vitamin that contains in the cereal only can keep sub-fraction, and nutrients such as most vitamin are along with shell and endosperm together are removed through after milling in mill processes.
So in the cereal of a large amount of forfeitures of nutrient, add nutrients such as rational vitamin, trace element, essential amino acid, the comprehensive edible nourishing that improves cereal is worth, satisfy with cereal the resident's who is staple food the demand of nutrients such as vitamin, thereby prevent disease is kept fit, and has become a global problem.Yet how to come the nutrient content in the intensified cereal, technical scheme is not preferably arranged at present yet by low price, simple and efficient way.
Countries in the world are to the cereal of fortification, especially Mi research is a lot, mainly contain comparatively simple production method such as seed premixed technology, powder premixed technology, the artificial intensified rice technology of development afterwards, the pre-steaming method technology of acid, directly soak relatively more ripe production method such as suction method technology and coating method technology, and occur in recent years expanding microporous one solidify one and soak the production method of inhaling nutritional agents one multiple film.
The open text US1530248 of French Patent (FRP) discloses a kind of artificial kernels of fortification.This artificial kernels adopts the extruder extrude dough to become the pasty state structure by the dough and the vitamin preparation of wheat middling or flour, is cut into small pieces then, carries out drying.Yet, very poor, very easily cracked according to grain stability in the process of boiling of this method preparation, thus make the nutrient forfeiture.Same problem also is present in the Chinese patent 200510039229.7.
U.S. Pat 620762 discloses a kind of side for preparing eutrophic synthetic rice.This method is mixed ground rice, nutrients and adhesive, and cooking mixture makes starch half gelatine wherein then, and granulating at last obtains the grain of rice.Yet the time that the boiling of this method is handled is long and temperature is higher, can cause the bad of responsive micronutrient loses in performance and grain of rice taste.
U.S. Pat 5609896 discloses a kind of method that adopts extruding technology to prepare eutrophic synthetic rice.This method as heat stabilizer, adhesive, crosslinking agent etc., has overcome the problem that grain of rice less stable and vitamin run off by adding special additive.Yet the production process of this method comparatively complexity, performance difficulty, yield rate is low and cost is higher.
PCT International Application PCT/EP2004/012710 discloses a kind of method for preparing eutrophic reconstituted rice.This method is mixed Mi Jizhi, micronutrient, emulsifying agent and the water of pulverizing, and then mixture heating and extrusion molding is cut, and obtains particle.This method has been added one and has been preheated treatment step before extruding, and same use adhesive.Yet preheating processing procedure, this can't carry out full and uniform heating to mixture, and the softer and easy fragmentation of the product that makes.
Among same PCT International Application PCT/US96/02708, PCT/US95/00682, U.S. Pat 20070054029, US6139898, US5403606, US4886675, US3620762, BP GB1225070, Canadian Patent CA2558700 and the Australian Patent AU1808883 all in various degree have above-described problem and a defective.
Summary of the invention
It is a kind of through the recovery corn kernels of fortification and the method for making this recovery corn kernels, to remedy the deficiencies in the prior art that one object of the present invention is to provide.
The preparation method of the recovery corn kernels of a kind of fortification that the present invention relates to specifically comprises the steps:
Carry out prescreen with corn particle together as raw material and rice, the sieve decontamination is then to raw material and rice dedusting and pulverizing subsequently.Dedusting to raw material and rice further comprises electrostatic precipitation and high-pressure dust-cleaning, and multistage pulverizing is adopted in the pulverizing of raw material and rice.Adopt the particle after test sieve screening is pulverized respectively, out-of-size particle is reclaimed respectively and carries out multistage pulverization process again, obtain raw material powder and ground rice.
With 18～42 weight portion ground rice and 8～22 weight parts water premixeds after pulverizing, and add 1～2 weight portion emulsifier for mixing, mixture to 60～80 that obtain of heating ℃, and to the water at low temperature steam of 80～90 ℃ of high-temperature vapors that wherein add and 60～70 ℃, temperature with the adjusting mixture is 70～80 ℃, and premixed obtained premix in 0.5～2.4 hour;
In the premix of gained, add 18～42 weight portion raw material, 7～21 weight parts waters, mixture to 50～70 that obtain of heating ℃, and, it is 60～70 ℃ with the temperature of regulating mixture to the water at low temperature steam of 70～80 ℃ of high-temperature vapors that wherein add and 50～60 ℃.Add the nutrient and 1～2 weight portion crosslinking agent of 1～2 weight portion cellulose, 1～2 weight portion heat stabilizer, 1～2 weight portion in mixture, under 70～80 ℃ mixing temperature, mixed 1～6 hour, obtain mixture.
Described nutrient is one or more in vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, folic acid, nicotinic acid, cobalamin, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K, trace element, riboflavin, VA amyl acetate, thiamine, zinc gluconate, calcium gluconae, the calcium lactate.
The mixture of gained is injected extruder, pushed heat treatment 0.5～5 minute at 80～100 ℃, mixture is extruded through the nib at extruder outlet place, and being rotated the cutter cutting, to obtain particle diameter be that 2～6mm, length are the particle of 7～19mm.To the particle coated one deck edible oil lipid material after the cutting, then the particle that produces in the step 3 is reclaimed and extrusion modling again.
The particle of gained is carried out high temperature drying, and baking temperature is 60～80 ℃, and 30～210 seconds drying times, dry back water content is 20～25%.
Particle to gained carries out multistage low temperature drying then, baking temperature is followed successively by 50～60 ℃, 40～50 ℃, 30～40 ℃ and 20～30 ℃, be all drying time 30 minutes to 10 hours, dried water content is followed successively by 16～21%, 14～19%, 12～17% and 10～15%.
Coating one deck edible fats on the particle of gained is that 15～25 ℃, humidity are constant temperature and humidity cooling 10～60 hours under 10～15% the environment in temperature, obtains product.
Product is carried out the look Selected Inspection test, reclaim substandard products and it is returned pulverizing again.
Qualified product is polished and adopted the edible pigment, its surface is sprayed dyeing and dry.
The invention still further relates to a kind of recovery corn kernels that adopts the fortification that method for preparing obtains.Described recovery corn kernels comprises 18～42 weight portion raw material powders, 18～42 weight portion ground rice, the nutrient of 1～2 weight portion cellulose, 1～2 weight portion heat stabilizer, 1～2 weight portion and 1～2 weight portion crosslinking agent, the water content of described recovery corn kernels is 10～15%.Described nutrient is one or more in vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, folic acid, nicotinic acid, cobalamin, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K, trace element, riboflavin, VA amyl acetate, thiamine, zinc gluconate, the calcium lactate.
The recovery corn kernels of fortification of the present invention has the profile identical or close with natural rice or corn, and has boil time identical or close with natural rice.
Raw material powder after the adding of described emulsifying agent is convenient to pulverize, ground rice mix with water, and the recovery corn kernels particle surface of avoiding making at last ftractures.
Described cellulose provides a fiber reinforcement of playing a supporting role for mixture, thereby contain fiber reinforcement in the feasible recovery corn kernels particle that makes at last with certain support force, hardness with the hardness that guarantees the recovery corn kernels particle and natural rice is close, and avoid recovery corn kernels because too soft and distortion or damaged in flow processs such as drying thereafter, thereby reduce percent defective.
Described heat stabilizer is used for protecting the various nutrients that are added into mixture thereafter, avoiding the too high and inactivation or destroyed of above-mentioned nutrient Yin Wendu in preparation process, thereby has guaranteed the content of nutrient in the recovery corn kernels.
Described nutrient can freely be chosen according to concrete needs and prescription.The scope of above-mentioned nutrient is not limited in nutrient cited in claim and the specification.
The mixture of described raw material powder, ground rice and water half gelatine gradually under heating condition, add described crosslinking agent, be convenient to impel the cross-linking reaction between starch molecule, thereby make the recovery corn kernels that makes have better elastic, internal bond power, surperficial cohesive force, thereby avoid the fragmentation of recovery corn kernels particle, face checking.The adding of crosslinking agent simultaneously can reduce in order to impel the heat time heating time of half gelatine, avoids nutrient because of long inactivation or destroyed heat time heating time.
Be the recovery corn kernels face checking of avoiding this particle in dry run subsequently, may bring because of moisture loss in the purpose of extruding particle outer surface coating one deck edible oil lipid material that back cutting obtains.
The purpose of described high temperature drying is to make that the water content of particle reduces fast, but should lack the recovery corn kernels face checking to avoid moisture to scatter and disappear and caused fast drying time.
Adopt the purpose of described multistage low temperature drying to be, what the moisture that makes the recovery corn kernels particle step by step was slowly gentle scatters and disappears, and avoids the fast and internal moisture of particle outer surface the moisture loss slow dry insufficient and particle outer surface problems of crack of bringing of scattering and disappearing.
Purpose at dried particle outer surface coating one deck edible oil lipid material is further to avoid the damaged and cracking of particle; and the described long-time constant temperature and humidity that adopts thereafter handle can be so that the water content of recovery corn kernels be stable within the specific limits, and make the material of recovery corn kernels outer surface coating form layer protecting film gradually.The stability of the recovery corn kernels that the process constant temperature and humidity is handled better.
The choosing back ground recovery corn kernels particle of selectively checking colors carries out post processing further, promptly polish and dye so that recovery corn kernels in shape more near with natural rice or iblet.
In all preparation process waste material can both be reclaimed, and correspondingly handle again, thus in this preparation flow loss of material extremely low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a whole preparation flow schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the idiographic flow schematic diagram of dedusting pulverising step of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the idiographic flow schematic diagram of material blend step of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the idiographic flow schematic diagram of extrusion modling step of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the idiographic flow schematic diagram of the dry cooling step of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the idiographic flow schematic diagram of test package step of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
According to claim of the present invention and the disclosed preparation method of summary of the invention, the technical scheme of recovery corn kernels for preparing a kind of fortification is specific as follows described.
Embodiment one:
According to Fig. 2:
Flow process 1, rice is carried out prescreen, the sieve decontamination then to the rice dedusting and carry out multistage pulverizing subsequently, obtains 60～160 purpose ground rice.Adopt test sieve, out-of-size particle is reclaimed carry out multipole pulverizing again.
Flow process 2, corn particle is carried out prescreen, the sieve decontamination adopts electrostatic precipitation and high-pressure dust-cleaning method that above-mentioned raw material are carried out dedusting then, carries out multistage pulverizing subsequently, obtains 60～160 purpose raw material powders.Adopt test sieve, out-of-size particle is reclaimed carry out multipole pulverizing again.According to Fig. 3:
Flow process 3, get 18～42 weight portion ground rice, 8～22 weight parts waters and 1～2 weight portion emulsifying agent, mixture to 60～80 that obtain of heating ℃, and to the water at low temperature steam of 80～90 ℃ of high-temperature vapors that wherein add and 60～70 ℃, temperature with the adjusting mixture is 70～80 ℃, carry out premixed 0.5～2.4 hour, and obtained premix.
Described emulsifying agent is a fatty acid mono glycidol, in sucrose ester, sorbose alcohol ester, soybean lecithin, lauric monoglyceride, the methyl glycol fatty acid ester one or more, its weight proportion are 0～60%, 0～40%, 0～35%, 0～40%, 0～60%, 0～35%.
Flow process 4, in premix, add 18～42 weight portion raw material powders, 7～21 weight parts waters, mix under 50～70 ℃ of heating conditions, adding 70～80 ℃ high-temperature vapor and 50～60 ℃ water at low temperature steam is 60～70 ℃ to regulate mixing temperature.In the mixture that is mixing, add the nutrient and 1～2 weight portion crosslinking agent of 1～2 weight portion cellulose, 1～2 weight portion heat stabilizer, 1～2 weight portion subsequently successively, under 70～80 ℃ of mixing temperatures, mixed 1～6 hour, obtain mixture.
Described heat stabilizer is one or more in sulphite, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride (bittern), disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, the glucono-, and its weight proportion is 0～60%, 0～60%, 0～60%, 0～60%, 0～60%.
Described nutrient is one or more in vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, folic acid, nicotinic acid, cobalamin, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K, riboflavin, VA amyl acetate, thiamine, zinc gluconate, calcium gluconae, the calcium lactate, and its weight proportion is 0～50%, 0～30%, 0～30%, 0～30%, 0～30%, 0～30%, 0～30%, 0～50%, 0～30%, 0～30%, 0～10%, 0～10%, 0～10%, 0～10%, 0～10%, 0～10%.
Described crosslinking agent is one or more in glyceraldehyde, glutaraldehyde, volatile acid, ammoniacal liquor, protein, the gel, and its weight proportion is 0～70%, 0～70%, 0～30%, 0～30%, 0～30%, 0～30%.
According to Fig. 4:
Flow process 5, mixture is injected extruder, pushed heat treatment 0.5～5 minute at 80～100 ℃, mixture B extrudes through the nib at extruder outlet place, and being rotated the cutter cutting, to obtain particle diameter be that 2～6mm, length are particle after the extruding of 7～19mm.
Flow process 6, after extruding outer surface coating one deck edible oil lipid material of particle, obtain applying the back particle, particle is reclaimed and extrusion modling again.
Described edible oil lipid material is one or more in oleic acid, linoleic acid, leukotrienes and the derivative thereof, and its weight proportion is 0～90%, 0～90%, 0～90%.
According to Fig. 5:
Flow process 7, will apply the back particle and carry out high temperature drying, baking temperature is 60～80 ℃, 30～210 seconds drying times, makes that the water content of dry back particle is 20～25%.
Flow process 8, the particle after the high temperature drying is carried out multistage low temperature drying:
8.1 one-level low temperature drying: 50～60 ℃ of baking temperatures, 30 minutes to 10 hours drying time, the water content of dry back particle D is 16～21%;
8.2 secondary low temperature drying: 40～50 ℃ of baking temperatures, 30 minutes to 10 hours drying time, the water content of dry back particle D is 14～19%;
8.3 three grade low-temp dryings: 30～40 ℃ of baking temperatures, 30 minutes to 10 hours drying time, the water content of dry back particle D is 12～17%;
8.4 level Four low temperature drying: 20～30 ℃ of baking temperatures, 30 minutes to 10 hours drying time, the water content of dry back particle D is 10～15%.
The outer surface of flow process 9, the particle after multistage low temperature drying coating one deck edible oil lipid material is that 15～25 ℃, humidity are constant temperature and humidity cooling 10～60 hours under 10～15% the environment in temperature, obtains the primary product particle.
Described edible oil lipid material is one or more in oleic acid, linoleic acid, leukotrienes and the derivative thereof, and its weight proportion is 0～90%, 0～90%, 0～90%.
According to Fig. 6:
Flow process 10, utilize look to select instrument that the primary product particle is carried out the look Selected Inspection to test, obtain product particle, substandard products are reclaimed and pulverize again.
Flow process 11, beat product particle, and its surface spraying one deck edible pigment is dyeed, on conveyer belt, the free convection drying obtains recovery corn kernels, and packs subsequently.
The recovery corn kernels of the fortification that the above-mentioned preparation flow of process obtains, comprise 18～42 weight portion raw material powders, 18～42 weight portion ground rice, the nutrient of 1～2 weight portion cellulose, 1～2 weight portion heat stabilizer, 1～2 weight portion and 1～2 weight portion crosslinking agent, the water content of described recovery corn kernels is 10～15%.
Described heat stabilizer is one or more in sulphite, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride (bittern), disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, the glucono-, and its weight proportion is 0～50%, 0～50%, 0～50%, 0～50%, 0～50%.
Described nutrient is one or more in vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, folic acid, nicotinic acid, cobalamin, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K, trace element, riboflavin, VA amyl acetate, thiamine, zinc gluconate, calcium gluconae, the calcium lactate, and its weight proportion is 0～50%, 0～30%, 0～30%, 0～30%, 0～20%, 0～20%, 0～30%, 0～50%, 0～30%, 0～30%, 0～10%, 0～10%, 0～10%, 0～10%, 0～10%, 0～20%.
Described crosslinking agent is one or more in glyceraldehyde, glutaraldehyde, volatile acid, ammoniacal liquor, protein, the gel, and its weight proportion is 0～50%, 0～50%, 0～30%, 0～30%, 0～30%, 0～30%.
Embodiment two:
Adopt as embodiment one described preparation flow 1～11, prepare the recovery corn kernels of fortification with following technical parameter:
1,60 order ground rice, 10 weight parts waters and the 1 weight portion emulsifying agent that adopts 20 weight portions in the flow process 3 obtains premix 70 ℃ of following premixeds of mixing temperature 1.0 hours.
The experimental data of the material composition of described emulsifying agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
2, adopt the nutrient of 60 order raw material powders, 9 weight parts waters, 1 weight portion cellulose, 1 weight portion heat stabilizer, 1 weight portion of 20 weight portions and 1 weight portion crosslinking agent under 60 ℃ of mixing temperatures, 6 hours condition of incorporation time, to mix in the flow process 4 and obtain mixture.
The experimental data of the material composition of described heat stabilizer and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described nutrient and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described crosslinking agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
3, adopting the extruding heat treatment temperature in the flow process 5 is that 80 ℃, time are 5 minutes.
4, the experimental data of the material of the edible oil lipid material that adopts in the flow process 6 and 9 composition and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
5, the parameter of high temperature drying that adopts in the flow process 7 and 8 and multistage low temperature drying is as follows:
The temperature of the constant temperature and humidity cooling of 6, adopting in the flow process 9 is that 25 ℃, humidity are 15%, the time is 60 hours.
The recovery corn kernels of the fortification that the above-mentioned preparation flow of process obtains, comprise 20 weight portion raw material powders, 20 weight portion ground rice, the nutrient of 1 weight portion cellulose, 1 weight portion heat stabilizer, 1 weight portion and 1 weight portion crosslinking agent, the water content of described recovery corn kernels is 15%.
The composition of described cellulose, heat stabilizer, nutrient and crosslinking agent as mentioned above.
Embodiment three:
Adopt as embodiment one described preparation flow 1～11, prepare the recovery corn kernels of fortification with following technical parameter:
1, adopting 70 order ground rice, 10 weight parts waters and the 1.5 weight portion emulsifying agents of 30 weight portions in the flow process 3 is 71 ℃ of following premixeds 0.8 hour at mixing temperature, obtains premix.
The experimental data of the material composition of described emulsifying agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
2, adopt the nutrient of 70 order raw material powders, 9 weight parts waters, 1.5 weight portion celluloses, 1.5 weight portion heat stabilizers, 1.5 weight portions of 20 weight portions and 1.5 weight portion crosslinking agents under mixing temperature is 61 ℃, 6 hours condition of incorporation time, to mix in the flow process 4 and obtain mixture.
The experimental data of the material composition of described heat stabilizer and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described nutrient and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described crosslinking agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
3, adopting the extruding heat treatment temperature in the flow process 5 is that 80 ℃, time are 5 minutes.
4, the experimental data of the material of the edible oil lipid material that adopts in the flow process 6 and 9 composition and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
5, the parameter of high temperature drying that adopts in the flow process 7 and 8 and multistage low temperature drying is as follows:
The temperature of the constant temperature and humidity cooling of 6, adopting in the flow process 9 is that 24 ℃, humidity are 14.5%, the time is 55 hours.
The recovery corn kernels of the fortification that the above-mentioned preparation flow of process obtains, comprise 20 weight portion raw material powders, 30 weight portion ground rice, 1.5 the nutrient of weight portion cellulose, 1.5 weight portion heat stabilizers, 1.5 weight portions and 1.5 weight portion crosslinking agents, the water content of described recovery corn kernels is 14.5%.
The composition of described cellulose, heat stabilizer, nutrient and crosslinking agent as mentioned above.
Embodiment four:
Adopt as embodiment one described preparation flow 1～11, prepare the recovery corn kernels of fortification with following technical parameter:
1, adopting 80 order ground rice, 10 weight parts waters and the 2 weight portion emulsifying agents of 40 weight portions in the flow process 3 is 72 ℃ of following premixeds 0.6 hour at mixing temperature, obtains premix.
The experimental data of the material composition of described emulsifying agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
2, adopt the nutrient of 80 order raw material powders, 9 weight parts waters, 2 weight portion celluloses, 2 weight portion heat stabilizers, 2 weight portions of 20 weight portions and 2 weight portion crosslinking agents under mixing temperature is 62 ℃, 5 hours condition of incorporation time, to mix in the flow process 4 and obtain mixture.
The experimental data of the material composition of described heat stabilizer and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described nutrient and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described crosslinking agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
3, adopting the extruding heat treatment temperature in the flow process 5 is that 85 ℃, time are 4 minutes.
4, the experimental data of the material of the edible oil lipid material that adopts in the flow process 6 and 9 composition and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
5, the parameter of high temperature drying that adopts in the flow process 7 and 8 and multistage low temperature drying is as follows:
The temperature of the constant temperature and humidity cooling of 6, adopting in the flow process 9 is that 23 ℃, humidity are 14%, the time is 50 hours.
The recovery corn kernels of the fortification that the above-mentioned preparation flow of process obtains, comprise 20 weight portion raw material powders, 40 weight portion ground rice, the nutrient of 2 weight portion celluloses, 2 weight portion heat stabilizers, 2 weight portions and 2 weight portion crosslinking agents, the water content of described recovery corn kernels is 14%.
The composition of described cellulose, heat stabilizer, nutrient and crosslinking agent as mentioned above.
Embodiment five:
Adopt as embodiment one described preparation flow 1～11, prepare the recovery corn kernels of fortification with following technical parameter:
1, adopting 90 order ground rice, 15 weight parts waters and the 1 weight portion emulsifying agent of 20 weight portions in the flow process 3 is 73 ℃ of following premixeds 1.6 hours at mixing temperature, obtains premix.
The experimental data of the material composition of described emulsifying agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
2, adopt the nutrient of 90 order raw material powders, 14 weight parts waters, 1 weight portion cellulose, 1 weight portion heat stabilizer, 1 weight portion of 30 weight portions and 1 weight portion crosslinking agent under mixing temperature is 63 ℃, 5 hours condition of incorporation time, to mix in the flow process 4 and obtain mixture.
The experimental data of the material composition of described heat stabilizer and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described nutrient and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described crosslinking agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
3, adopting the extruding heat treatment temperature in the flow process 5 is that 85 ℃, time are 4 minutes.
4, the experimental data of the material of the edible oil lipid material that adopts in the flow process 6 and 9 composition and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
5, the parameter of high temperature drying that adopts in the flow process 7 and 8 and multistage low temperature drying is as follows:
The temperature of the constant temperature and humidity cooling of 6, adopting in the flow process 9 is that 22 ℃, humidity are 13.5%, the time is 45 hours.
The recovery corn kernels of the fortification that the above-mentioned preparation flow of process obtains, comprise 30 weight portion raw material powders, 20 weight portion ground rice, the nutrient of 1 weight portion cellulose, 1 weight portion heat stabilizer, 1 weight portion and 1 weight portion crosslinking agent, the water content of described recovery corn kernels is 13.5%.
The composition of described cellulose, heat stabilizer, nutrient and crosslinking agent as mentioned above.
Embodiment six:
Adopt as embodiment one described preparation flow 1～11, prepare the recovery corn kernels of fortification with following technical parameter:
1, adopting 100 order ground rice, 15 weight parts waters and the 1.5 weight portion emulsifying agents of 30 weight portions in the flow process 3 is 74 ℃ of following premixeds 1.4 hours at mixing temperature, obtains premix.
The experimental data of the material composition of described emulsifying agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
2, adopt the nutrient of 100 order raw material powders, 14 weight parts waters, 1.5 weight portion celluloses, 1.5 weight portion heat stabilizers, 1.5 weight portions of 30 weight portions and 1.5 weight portion crosslinking agents under mixing temperature is 64 ℃, 4 hours condition of incorporation time, to mix in the flow process 4 and obtain mixture.
The experimental data of the material composition of described heat stabilizer and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described nutrient and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described crosslinking agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
3, adopting the extruding heat treatment temperature in the flow process 5 is that 90 ℃, time are 3 minutes.
4, the experimental data of the material of the edible oil lipid material that adopts in the flow process 6 and 9 composition and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
5, the parameter of high temperature drying that adopts in the flow process 7 and 8 and multistage low temperature drying is as follows:
The temperature of the constant temperature and humidity cooling of 6, adopting in the flow process 9 is that 21 ℃, humidity are 13%, the time is 40 hours.
The recovery corn kernels of the fortification that the above-mentioned preparation flow of process obtains, comprise 30 weight portion raw material powders, 30 weight portion ground rice, 1.5 the nutrient of weight portion cellulose, 1.5 weight portion heat stabilizers, 1.5 weight portions and 1.5 weight portion crosslinking agents, the water content of described recovery corn kernels is 13%.
The composition of described cellulose, heat stabilizer, nutrient and crosslinking agent as mentioned above.
Embodiment seven:
Adopt as embodiment one described preparation flow 1～11, prepare the recovery corn kernels of fortification with following technical parameter:
1, adopting 110 order ground rice, 15 weight parts waters and the 2 weight portion emulsifying agents of 40 weight portions in the flow process 3 is 75 ℃ of following premixeds 1.2 hours at mixing temperature, obtains premix.
The experimental data of the material composition of described emulsifying agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
2, adopt the nutrient of 110 order raw material powders, 14 weight parts waters, 2 weight portion celluloses, 2 weight portion heat stabilizers, 2 weight portions of 30 weight portions and 2 weight portion crosslinking agents under mixing temperature is 65 ℃, 4 hours condition of incorporation time, to mix in the flow process 4 and obtain mixture.
The experimental data of the material composition of described heat stabilizer and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described nutrient and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described crosslinking agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
3, adopting the extruding heat treatment temperature in the flow process 5 is that 90 ℃, time are 3 minutes.
4, the experimental data of the material of the edible oil lipid material that adopts in the flow process 6 and 9 composition and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
5, the parameter of high temperature drying that adopts in the flow process 7 and 8 and multistage low temperature drying is as follows:
The temperature of the constant temperature and humidity cooling of 6, adopting in the flow process 9 is that 20 ℃, humidity are 12.5%, the time is 35 hours.
The recovery corn kernels of the fortification that the above-mentioned preparation flow of process obtains, comprise 30 weight portion raw material powders, 40 weight portion ground rice, the nutrient of 2 weight portion celluloses, 2 weight portion heat stabilizers, 2 weight portions and 2 weight portion crosslinking agents, the water content of described recovery corn kernels is 12.5%.
The composition of described cellulose, heat stabilizer, nutrient and crosslinking agent as mentioned above.
Embodiment eight:
Adopt as embodiment one described preparation flow 1～11, prepare the recovery corn kernels of fortification with following technical parameter:
1, adopting 120 order ground rice, 20 weight parts waters and the 1 weight portion emulsifying agent of 20 weight portions in the flow process 3 is 76 ℃ of following premixeds 2.2 hours at mixing temperature, obtains premix.
The experimental data of the material composition of described emulsifying agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
2, adopt the nutrient of 120 order raw material powders, 19 weight parts waters, 1 weight portion cellulose, 1 weight portion heat stabilizer, 1 weight portion of 40 weight portions and 1 weight portion crosslinking agent under mixing temperature is 66 ℃, 3 hours condition of incorporation time, to mix in the flow process 4 and obtain mixture.
The experimental data of the material composition of described heat stabilizer and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described nutrient and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described crosslinking agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
3, adopting the extruding heat treatment temperature in the flow process 5 is that 95 ℃, time are 2 minutes.
4, the experimental data of the material of the edible oil lipid material that adopts in the flow process 6 and 9 composition and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
5, the parameter of high temperature drying that adopts in the flow process 7 and 8 and multistage low temperature drying is as follows:
The temperature of the constant temperature and humidity cooling of 6, adopting in the flow process 9 is that 19 ℃, humidity are 12%, the time is 30 hours.
The recovery corn kernels of the fortification that the above-mentioned preparation flow of process obtains, comprise 40 weight portion raw material powders, 20 weight portion ground rice, the nutrient of 1 weight portion cellulose, 1 weight portion heat stabilizer, 1 weight portion and 1 weight portion crosslinking agent, the water content of described recovery corn kernels is 12%.
The composition of described cellulose, heat stabilizer, nutrient and crosslinking agent as mentioned above.
Embodiment nine:
Adopt as embodiment one described preparation flow 1～11, prepare the recovery corn kernels of fortification with following technical parameter:
1, adopting 130 order ground rice, 20 weight parts waters and the 1.5 weight portion emulsifying agents of 30 weight portions in the flow process 3 is 77 ℃ of following premixeds 2.0 hours at mixing temperature, obtains premix.
The experimental data of the material composition of described emulsifying agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
2, adopt the nutrient of 130 order raw material powders, 19 weight parts waters, 1.5 weight portion celluloses, 1.5 weight portion heat stabilizers, 1.5 weight portions of 40 weight portions and 1.5 weight portion crosslinking agents under mixing temperature is 67 ℃, 3 hours condition of incorporation time, to mix in the flow process 4 and obtain mixture.
The experimental data of the material composition of described heat stabilizer and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described nutrient and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described crosslinking agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
3, adopting the extruding heat treatment temperature in the flow process 5 is that 95 ℃, time are 2 minutes.
4, the experimental data of the material of the edible oil lipid material that adopts in the flow process 6 and 9 composition and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
5, the parameter of high temperature drying that adopts in the flow process 7 and 8 and multistage low temperature drying is as follows:
The temperature of the constant temperature and humidity cooling of 6, adopting in the flow process 9 is that 18 ℃, humidity are 11.5%, the time is 25 hours.
The recovery corn kernels of the fortification that the above-mentioned preparation flow of process obtains, comprise 40 weight portion raw material powders, 30 weight portion ground rice, 1.5 the nutrient of weight portion cellulose, 1.5 weight portion heat stabilizers, 1.5 weight portions and 1.5 weight portion crosslinking agents, the water content of described recovery corn kernels is 11.5%.
The composition of described cellulose, heat stabilizer, nutrient and crosslinking agent as mentioned above.
Embodiment ten:
Adopt as embodiment one described preparation flow 1～11, prepare the recovery corn kernels of fortification with following technical parameter:
1, adopting 140 order ground rice, 20 weight parts waters and the 2 weight portion emulsifying agents of 40 weight portions in the flow process 3 is 78 ℃ of following premixeds 1.8 hours at mixing temperature, obtains premix.
The experimental data of the material composition of described emulsifying agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
2, adopt the nutrient of 140 order raw material powders, 19 weight parts waters, 2 weight portion celluloses, 2 weight portion heat stabilizers, 2 weight portions of 40 weight portions and 2 weight portion crosslinking agents under mixing temperature is 68 ℃, 2 hours condition of incorporation time, to mix in the flow process 4 and obtain mixture.
The experimental data of the material composition of described heat stabilizer and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described nutrient and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described crosslinking agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
3, adopting the extruding heat treatment temperature in the flow process 5 is that 100 ℃, time are 1 minute.
4, the experimental data of the material of the edible oil lipid material that adopts in the flow process 6 and 9 composition and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
5, the parameter of high temperature drying that adopts in the flow process 7 and 8 and multistage low temperature drying is as follows:
The temperature of the constant temperature and humidity cooling of 6, adopting in the flow process 9 is that 17 ℃, humidity are 11%, the time is 20 hours.
The recovery corn kernels of the fortification that the above-mentioned preparation flow of process obtains, comprise 40 weight portion raw material powders, 40 weight portion ground rice, the nutrient of 2 weight portion celluloses, 2 weight portion heat stabilizers, 2 weight portions and 2 weight portion crosslinking agents, the water content of described recovery corn kernels is 11%.
The composition of described cellulose, heat stabilizer, nutrient and crosslinking agent as mentioned above.
Embodiment 11:
Adopt as embodiment one described preparation flow 1～11, prepare the recovery corn kernels of fortification with following technical parameter:
1, adopting 150 order ground rice, 20 weight parts waters and the 2 weight portion emulsifying agents of 20 weight portions in the flow process 3 is 79 ℃ of following premixeds 2.0 hours at mixing temperature, obtains premix.
The experimental data of the material composition of described emulsifying agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
2, adopt the nutrient of 150 order raw material powders, 19 weight parts waters, 1 weight portion cellulose, 2 weight portion heat stabilizers, 2 weight portions of 40 weight portions and 1 weight portion crosslinking agent under mixing temperature is 69 ℃, 2 hours condition of incorporation time, to mix in the flow process 4 and obtain mixture.
The experimental data of the material composition of described heat stabilizer and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described nutrient and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described crosslinking agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
3, adopting the extruding heat treatment temperature in the flow process 5 is that 100 ℃, time are 1 minute.
4, the experimental data of the material of the edible oil lipid material that adopts in the flow process 6 and 9 composition and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
5, the parameter of high temperature drying that adopts in the flow process 7 and 8 and multistage low temperature drying is as follows:
The temperature of the constant temperature and humidity cooling of 6, adopting in the flow process 9 is that 16 ℃, humidity are 10.5%, the time is 15 hours.
The recovery corn kernels of the fortification that the above-mentioned preparation flow of process obtains, comprise 40 weight portion raw material powders, 20 weight portion ground rice, the nutrient of 1 weight portion cellulose, 2 weight portion heat stabilizers, 2 weight portions and 1 weight portion crosslinking agent, the water content of described recovery corn kernels is 10.5%.
The composition of described cellulose, heat stabilizer, nutrient and crosslinking agent as mentioned above.
Embodiment 12:
Adopt as embodiment one described preparation flow 1～11, prepare the recovery corn kernels of fortification with following technical parameter:
1, adopting 160 order ground rice, 20 weight parts waters and the 2 weight portion emulsifying agents of 20 weight portions in the flow process 3 is 80 ℃ of following premixeds 2.0 hours at mixing temperature, obtains premix.
The experimental data of the material composition of described emulsifying agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
2, adopt the nutrient of 160 order raw material powders, 19 weight parts waters, 2 weight portion celluloses, 1 weight portion heat stabilizer, 1 weight portion of 40 weight portions and 2 weight portion crosslinking agents under mixing temperature is 70 ℃, 1 hour condition of incorporation time, to mix in the flow process 4 and obtain mixture.
The experimental data of the material composition of described heat stabilizer and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described nutrient and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
The experimental data of the material composition of described crosslinking agent and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
3, adopting the extruding heat treatment temperature in the flow process 5 is that 100 ℃, time are 1 minute.
4, the experimental data of the material of the edible oil lipid material that adopts in the flow process 6 and 9 composition and weight proportion scope thereof, preferred weight proportioning is as follows:
5, the parameter of high temperature drying that adopts in the flow process 7 and 8 and multistage low temperature drying is as follows:
The temperature of the constant temperature and humidity cooling of 6, adopting in the flow process 9 is that 15 ℃, humidity are 10%, the time is 10 hours.
The recovery corn kernels of the fortification that the above-mentioned preparation flow of process obtains, comprise 40 weight portion raw material powders, 20 weight portion ground rice, the nutrient of 2 weight portion celluloses, 1 weight portion heat stabilizer, 1 weight portion and 2 weight portion crosslinking agents, the water content of described recovery corn kernels is 10%.
The composition of described cellulose, heat stabilizer, nutrient and crosslinking agent as mentioned above.
Adopted multiple additives among the present invention, its effect is as follows:
Raw material powder after the adding of described emulsifying agent is convenient to pulverize, ground rice mix with water, and the recovery corn kernels particle surface of avoiding making at last ftractures.
Described cellulose provides a fiber reinforcement of playing a supporting role for mixture, thereby contain fiber reinforcement in the feasible recovery corn kernels particle that makes at last with certain support force, hardness with the hardness that guarantees the recovery corn kernels particle and natural rice is close, and avoid recovery corn kernels because too soft and distortion or damaged in flow processs such as drying thereafter, thereby reduce percent defective.
Described heat stabilizer is used for protecting the various nutrients that are added into mixture thereafter, avoiding the too high and inactivation or destroyed of above-mentioned nutrient Yin Wendu in preparation process, thereby has guaranteed the content of nutrient in the recovery corn kernels.
Described nutrient can freely be chosen according to concrete needs and prescription.The scope of above-mentioned nutrient is not limited in nutrient cited in claim and the specification.
The mixture of described raw material powder, ground rice and water half gelatine gradually under heating condition, add described crosslinking agent, be convenient to impel the cross-linking reaction between starch molecule, thereby make the recovery corn kernels that makes have better elastic, internal bond power, surperficial cohesive force, thereby avoid the fragmentation of recovery corn kernels particle, face checking.The adding of crosslinking agent simultaneously can reduce in order to impel the heat time heating time of half gelatine, avoids nutrient because of long inactivation or destroyed heat time heating time.
Be the recovery corn kernels face checking of avoiding this particle in dry run subsequently, may bring because of moisture loss in the purpose of extruding particle outer surface coating one deck edible oil lipid material that back cutting obtains.
The purpose of described high temperature drying is to make that the water content of particle reduces fast, but should lack the recovery corn kernels face checking to avoid moisture to scatter and disappear and caused fast drying time.
Adopt the purpose of described multistage low temperature drying to be, what the moisture that makes the recovery corn kernels particle step by step was slowly gentle scatters and disappears, and avoids the fast and internal moisture of particle outer surface the moisture loss slow dry insufficient and particle outer surface problems of crack of bringing of scattering and disappearing.
Purpose at dried particle outer surface coating one deck edible oil lipid material is further to avoid the damaged and cracking of particle; and the described long-time constant temperature and humidity that adopts thereafter handle can be so that the water content of recovery corn kernels be stable within the specific limits, and make the material of recovery corn kernels outer surface coating form layer protecting film gradually.The stability of the recovery corn kernels that the process constant temperature and humidity is handled better.
The choosing back ground recovery corn kernels particle of selectively checking colors carries out post processing further, promptly polish and dye so that recovery corn kernels in shape more near with natural rice or iblet.
In all preparation process waste material can both be reclaimed, and correspondingly handle again, thus in this preparation flow loss of material extremely low.
To sum up, technical advantage of the present invention is that the recovery corn kernels of the fortification for preparing not only has the profile similar or close to natural rice or iblet, and has boil time and the hardness similar or close to natural rice, and be not easy breakage, the culinary art problem of having avoided the boiling Time Inconsistency of different cereal and having brought, and preparation method's technological process of the present invention is simple, the productive rate height.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of a recovery corn kernels is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: the dedusting pulverising step, raw material and rice are carried out prescreen, dedusting and pulverizing successively, described step 1 further comprises:
Step 1.1: the prescreen rice, sieve removes impurity wherein, adopts electrostatic precipitation and high-pressure dust-cleaning then successively, to its dedusting;
Rice is pulverized after adopting multistage comminuting method to dedusting, obtains ground rice;
Step 1.2: as raw material, carry out prescreen with corn particle, sieve removes impurity wherein, adopts electrostatic precipitation and high-pressure dust-cleaning then successively, to its dedusting;
Corn particle is pulverized after adopting multistage comminuting method to dedusting, obtains raw material powder;
Step 2: the material blend step, raw material powder, ground rice, water to be mixed with additive, described step 2 further comprises:
Step 2.1: pre-blend step, with 18～42 weight portion ground rice and 8～22 weight parts water premixeds after pulverizing, and add 1～2 weight portion emulsifier for mixing, the mixture that obtains is heated to 60～80 ℃, and to wherein adding 80～90 ℃ high-temperature vapor and 60～70 ℃ water at low temperature steam, with temperature to 70～80 of regulating mixture ℃, premixed obtained mixture in 0.5～2.4 hour;
Step 2.2: reinforced blend step, in the mixture of pre-blend step, add 18～42 weight portion raw material powders, 7～21 weight parts waters and 1～2 weight portion nutrient, the mixture that obtains is heated to 50～70 ℃, and to wherein adding 70～80 ℃ high-temperature vapor and 50～60 ℃ water at low temperature steam, temperature to 60～70 ℃ further a mixing of regulating mixture to obtain mixture in 1～6 hour;
Step 3: extrusion modling step, the mixture that reinforced blend step is obtained injects extruder, under 80～100 ℃ of conditions, pushed heat treatment 0.5～5 minute, mixture is extruded through the nib at extruder outlet place, and being rotated cutter cuttings, to obtain particle diameter be that 2～6mm, length are the particle of 7～19mm;
Step 4: dry cooling step, the particle that the extrusion modling step is obtained dry to water content be 10～15%, and apply one deck edible oil lipid material thereon, and be that 15～25 ℃, humidity are constant temperature and humidity cooling 10～60 hours under 10～15% the environment in temperature, obtain product.
2. the preparation method of a kind of recovery corn kernels as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 1.1 and step 1.2, adopt the particle after test sieve screening is pulverized respectively, out-of-size particle is reclaimed respectively and carries out multistage pulverization process again.
3. the preparation method of a kind of recovery corn kernels as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in described step 2.2, adds 1～2 weight portion cellulose, 1～2 weight portion heat stabilizer and 1～2 weight portion crosslinking agent in mixture.
4. the preparation method of a kind of recovery corn kernels as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described nutrient is one or more in vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, folic acid, nicotinic acid, cobalamin, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K, trace element, riboflavin, VA amyl acetate, thiamine, zinc gluconate, calcium gluconae, the calcium lactate.
5. the preparation method of a kind of recovery corn kernels as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step 3, to the particle coated one deck edible oil lipid material after the cutting, then the particle that produces in the step 3 is reclaimed and extrusion modling again.
6. the preparation method of a kind of recovery corn kernels as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described step 4 further comprises:
Step 4.1: the particle in the step 3 is carried out high temperature drying, and baking temperature is 60～80 ℃, and 30～210 seconds drying times, dry back water content is 20～25%;
Step 4.2: the particle in the step 4.1 is carried out low temperature drying, and baking temperature is 20～60 ℃, and be 120 minutes to 40 hours drying time, and dry back water content is 10～15%.
7. the preparation method of a kind of recovery corn kernels as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, low temperature drying in the described step 4.2 is multistage low temperature drying, baking temperature is followed successively by 50～60 ℃, 40～50 ℃, 30～40 ℃ and 20～30 ℃, be all drying time 30 minutes to 10 hours, dried water content is followed successively by 16～21%, 14～19%, 12～17% and 10～15%.
8. the preparation method of a kind of recovery corn kernels as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises step 5 after the described step 4: the product in the step 4.2 is carried out the look Selected Inspection test, reclaim substandard products and it is back to reducing mechanism in the step 1.
9. the preparation method of a kind of recovery corn kernels as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, comprises that also a product that step 5 is obtained polishes and adopt the edible pigment that its surface is sprayed dyeing and dry step.
10. the recovery corn kernels according to the described method preparation of claim 1 to 9 is characterized in that described recovery corn kernels has the profile identical or close with natural rice or iblet.
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| CN200910047334A CN101828662A (en) | 2009-03-10 | 2009-03-10 | Recovery corn kernels and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910047334A CN101828662A (en) | 2009-03-10 | 2009-03-10 | Recovery corn kernels and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20100915 |