CN101827417B - Routing method based on differentiated services of internet of things - Google Patents
Routing method based on differentiated services of internet of things Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A routing method based on differentiated services of the internet of things relates to design of the routing protocol of the internet of things and is mainly used for providing differentiated services aiming at different services. When the internet of things has audio and video information and probably has text information at the same time, different applications require different QoS, at the time, the designed routing protocol, as required, can provide differentiated services aiming at different services, and effective utilization of resources is simultaneously realized in the total network. The method provides the routing protocol based on the differentiated services of the internet of things, sets the dynamic routing scheme according to the service level, sets the service level according to the service application and completes routing aiming at the services by spreading interest and setting up the route, thus prolonging the life of the internet of things and improving the harmony and the service quality of the internet of things.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the design of Internet of Things network layer Routing Protocol, be mainly used in to different service Differentiated Services is provided.
Background technology
The distributed sensor networks that Internet of Things is made up of one group of multimedia sensor node with perception, calculating and communication capacity.It gathers the multiple media information (audio frequency, video, image etc.) of surrounding enviroment through multi-media sensor on the node, through the multi-hop mode data is pooled to aggregation node, realizes comprehensive, effective environmental monitoring.
In Internet of Things, if the data owner Voice & Video data of transmission.The amount of information of video data is very huge; If on Radio Link, continue transmitting video data; Then wireless signal-path band width will become the bottleneck of system, and simultaneously, the transmission of video information and processing need the energy of labor; This will cause the sensor network of finite energy to exhaust energy rapidly, and will shorten dramatically the life cycle of network.Routing Protocol is responsible for packet is passed through forwarded to destination node from source node, seeks source node to the little path of communication delay between destination node, improves the utilance of whole network simultaneously, avoids producing traffic congestion and equalizing network flow etc.
Internet of Things exists audio frequency, video information, and in the time of might having text message simultaneously, at this moment the QoS that different application requirements is different requires to select suitable route according to different service, in network-wide basis, realizes the resources effective utilization simultaneously.
Existing Routing Protocol is primarily aimed at different Internet of Things and uses, and is divided into energy perception Routing Protocol, based on the Routing Protocol of inquiry, and geographical position Routing Protocol, Routing Protocol reliably.The emphasis of these agreements remains according to single business demand; From energy-optimised, topology control, the time delay equal angles is carried out Route Selection; Fail to carry out corresponding route screening, to reach the equilibrium of the whole network resource according to the demand of multimedia sensor network service application.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the purpose of this invention is to provide the route selection method based on the Internet of Things Differentiated Services, it is poor to be used to solve existing Internet of Things Routing Protocol traffic differentiation property, and the whole network utilization of resources is uneven.The different application that the present invention is directed to Internet of Things provides Differentiated Services, significantly improves the resource utilization and the efficiency of transmission of Internet of Things.
Technical scheme: directed diffusion route is a kind of routing mechanism based on inquiry.Aggregation node sends query task through interest message, adopts the inundation mode to propagate interest message and arrives all the sensors node in whole zone or the subregion.In the communication process of interest message, the reverse transfer of data gradient from the data source to the aggregation node is set up on agreement hop-by-hop ground on each sensor node.Sensor node is sent to aggregation node with the data that collect along gradient direction.This routing mechanism can't be set the grade of service according to the type of task, thereby when gradient is set up, sets suitable gradient.
The present invention is directed to directed diffusion routing mechanism underaction, a kind of path optimization of design scheme on this basis, reaching Internet of Things can provide different services according to type of service.
Method flow:
The step that is comprised based on the Route Selection flow process of the Differentiated Services of Internet of Things is following:
Step 1) definition service priority:
1a). according to the current application audio frequency, video, the requirement of text information services quality postpones like data, and the data packet loss is set the corresponding grade of service, i.e. service priority; According to the general application of Internet of Things, avoid the high latency of audio/video information, influence reception; Video data is defined as limit priority 3, and the priority definition of voice data is 2, and text message is defined as 1;
1b). set the service priority mapping table, the service priority of each grade is bound corresponding transmission rate;
Step 2) definition interest message:
In the interest diffusion phase; Aggregation node is periodically to neighbor node broadcasting interest message; Design a kind of interest message structure on this basis; The effective necessary information of record interest diffusion phase, self-defined interest message structure comprises: task node number, task type, service priority, source node number, transmitting time;
2a). task node number: the node of gathering sensing data;
2b) task type: logger task type, and collection behavior, comprise collecting temperature information, blood oxygen information, pulse information, multimedia video information, multimedia audio information, formulate according to concrete mission requirements;
2c). service priority: obtaining service priority by step 1, mainly is that the message transmission rate according to current business disposes corresponding service priority;
2d. source node number: send the source node number of this interest message, promptly go up a hop node;
2e). transmitting time: source node sends the time of this interest message;
2f) interest message capacity: this interest message capacity;
Step 3) interest diffusion phase: aggregation node periodically adopts the inundation mode to propagate interest message and arrives all the sensors node in whole zone or the subregion,
3a). each node is preserved an interest list in this locality, be used for writing down the relevant information of this interest message, and to set up the gradient relation of this node to the aggregation node Data transmission, each interest list comprises a plurality of points of interest, and it is following that each point of interest comprises information:
1) task node number
2) task type
3) service priority
4) source node number
3b). aggregation node periodically adopts big vast model mode to propagate interest message, after receiving node receives interest message, interest message is unpacked, and directly or through after transforming imports the relevant information in the interest message in node interest list;
3b1). from interest message, extract task node number, task type, and whether inquiry has identical task node number and task type in the interest list of node, if exist, then on this point of interest basis, upgrades; If do not exist, a then newly-built point of interest, and task node number and task type filled;
3b2) calculate transmission rate: when interest message arrives present node; Present node recording messages bag time of advent; And from the interest message bag, extract transmitting time and 2 data fields of interest message capacity, utilize formula interest message capacity/(time of advent-transmitting time)
Obtain 2 internodal message transmission rates;
3b3). message transmission rate is converted into service priority:, calculate the pairing service priority of current data transmission rate, and fill it into the point of interest relevant position according to the service priority mapping table of step 1) design;
3b4). extract in the interest message task node number and task type, relatively whether the node number of present node and task node be number identical, if inequality, then continues execution in step b) carry out the interest message inundation; If identical, explain that this node is the sensing acquisition node, stop the interest message diffusion, change step 4) over to and carry out Route Selection;
Step 4). the Route Selection stage: from the source node to the aggregation node, set up suitable route according to service priority;
4a) the definition route is set up packet, comprises following data field:
4a1) next-hop node number,
4a2) task node number,
4a3) task type,
4a4) service priority: the service priority requirement of this service, constant at whole route establishment stage,
4b) source node is inquired about in interest list, obtains the service priority of this task, task node number, task type;
4c) source node is according to task node number; Task type is selected all qualified points of interest in interest list; And the relatively service priority service priority requirement of task therewith of these points of interest, select both identical points of interest, extract corresponding next-hop node number; With itself and task node number, task type and service priority are packed into route and set up packet;
4d) source node sends route and sets up packet to next-hop node according to next-hop node number;
4e) next-hop node continues the select target node according to step 4), and circulation is set up the route from the source node to the aggregation node repeatedly;
Step 5). data transfer phase: the source node image data, the route data of setting up through step 4 arrive aggregation node.
Beneficial effect: the inventive method has proposed the routing protocol based on the Differentiated Services of Internet of Things, selects corresponding route according to the grade of service, has following beneficial effect.
(1) requires to choose corresponding route, equalizing network resource according to applied business.
(2) periodically spread interest message, adjust message transmission rate between each node dynamically, reach the effect that dynamically updates route.
(3) setting of dynamic Service priority has guaranteed that effectively all sensing datas can send safely, can not produce the transmission deadlock.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 interest message structure chart.
Fig. 2 route is set up structure chart.
Fig. 3 is based on the Route Selection design flow diagram of the Differentiated Services of Internet of Things.
Embodiment
MAC agreement detailed process based on the Differentiated Services of Internet of Things is following:
Step 1) definition service priority.
A) according to the requirement of current application (audio frequency, video, text message etc.) service quality, postpone like data, data packet loss etc. are set the corresponding grade of service, i.e. service priority.According to the general application of Internet of Things, avoid the high latency of audio/video information, influence reception, here we are defined as limit priority 3 with video data, and the priority definition of voice data is 2, and text message is defined as 1.Certainly these settings can should be used as corresponding modification according to different.
B) set the service priority mapping table, the service priority of each grade is bound corresponding transmission rate.
Step 2) definition interest message.
In the interest diffusion phase, aggregation node periodically to neighbor node broadcasting interest message, designs a kind of interest message structure on this basis, effectively puts down in writing the necessary information of interest diffusion phase.Self-defined interest message structure comprises: task node number, task type, service priority (step 1), source node number, transmitting time.
A) task node number: the node of gathering sensing data.
B) task type: logger task type, and collection behavior comprise collecting temperature information, blood oxygen information, pulse information, multimedia video information, multimedia audio information etc.Formulate according to concrete mission requirements.
C) service priority: being obtained by step 1, mainly is that the message transmission rate according to current business disposes corresponding service priority.
D) source node number: send the source node number of this interest message, promptly go up a hop node.
E) transmitting time: source node sends the time of this interest message.
F) interest message capacity: this interest message capacity.
Step 3) interest diffusion phase: aggregation node periodically adopts the inundation mode to propagate interest message and arrives all the sensors node in whole zone or the subregion.
A) each node is preserved an interest list in this locality, is used for writing down the relevant information of this interest message, to set up the gradient relation of this node to the aggregation node Data transmission.Each interest list comprises a plurality of points of interest, and it is following that each point of interest comprises information:
(1) task node number
(2) task type
(3) service priority
(4) source node number
B) aggregation node periodically adopts big vast model mode to propagate interest message.After receiving node receives interest message, interest message is unpacked, directly or through after transforming import the relevant information in the interest message in node interest list.
(1) from interest message, extract task node number, task type, and whether inquiry has identical task node number and task type in the interest list of node, if exist, then on this point of interest basis, upgrades; If do not exist, a then newly-built point of interest, and task node number and task type filled.
(2) calculate transmission rate.When interest message arrives present node, present node recording messages bag time of advent, and from the interest message bag, extract transmitting time and 2 data fields of interest message capacity, utilize formula interest message capacity/(time of advent-transmitting time)
Obtain 2 internodal message transmission rates.
(3) message transmission rate is converted into service priority.According to the service priority mapping table of step 1) design, calculate the pairing service priority of current data transmission rate, and fill it into the point of interest relevant position.
(4) upgrade interest message, upgrade source node number and transmitting time, source node number is present node number, and transmitting time is the interest message transmitting time for this reason.
(5) extract in the interest message task node number and task type, relatively whether the node number of present node and task node be number identical, if inequality, then continues execution in step b) carry out the interest message inundation; If identical, explain that this node is the sensing acquisition node, stop the interest message diffusion, change step 4) over to and carry out Route Selection.
The step 4) Route Selection stage: from the source node to the aggregation node, set up suitable route according to service priority.
A) the definition route is set up packet, comprises following data field:
(1) next-hop node number
(2) task node number
(3) task type
(4) service priority: the service priority requirement of this service, constant at whole route establishment stage.
B) source node is inquired about in interest list, obtains the service priority of this task, task node number, task type.
C) source node is according to task node number; Task type is selected all qualified points of interest in interest list; And the relatively service priority service priority requirement of task therewith of these points of interest, select both identical points of interest, extract corresponding next-hop node number; With itself and task node number, task type and service priority are packed into route and set up packet.
D) source node sends route and sets up packet to next-hop node according to next-hop node number.
E) next-hop node continues the select target node according to step 4), and circulation is set up the route from the source node to the aggregation node repeatedly.
The step 5) data transfer phase: the source node image data, the route data of setting up through step 4 arrive aggregation node.
Claims (1)
1. route selection method based on the Internet of Things Differentiated Services is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1) definition service priority:
1a). according to current application audio frequency, video or text message quality of service requirement, set the corresponding grade of service, i.e. service priority to data delay or data packet loss; Use for Internet of Things,, influence reception for avoiding the high latency of audio/video information; Video data is defined as limit priority 3, and the priority definition of voice data is 2, and the priority definition of text message is 1;
1b). set the service priority mapping table, the service priority of each grade is bound corresponding transmission rate;
Step 2) definition interest message:
In the interest message diffusion phase; Aggregation node is periodically to neighbor node broadcasting interest message; Design a kind of interest message structure on this basis; The effective necessary information of record interest message diffusion phase, self-defined interest message structure: task node number, task type, service priority, source node number, transmitting time;
2a). task node number: the node of gathering sensing data;
2b). task type: logger task type and collection behavior, comprise collecting temperature information, blood oxygen information, pulse information, multimedia video information and multimedia audio information, formulate according to concrete mission requirements;
2c). service priority: obtain service priority by step 1), dispose corresponding service priority according to the message transmission rate of current business;
2d). source node number: send the source node number of this interest message, promptly go up a hop node;
2e). transmitting time: source node sends the time of this interest message;
2f). interest message capacity: this interest message capacity;
Step 3) interest diffusion phase: aggregation node periodically adopts the inundation mode to propagate interest message and arrives all the sensors node in whole zone or the subregion,
3a). each node is preserved an interest list in this locality, be used for writing down the relevant information of this interest message, and to set up the gradient relation of this node to the aggregation node Data transmission, each interest list comprises a plurality of points of interest, and it is following that each point of interest comprises information:
3a1). task node number
3a2). task type
3a3). service priority
3a4). source node number
3b). aggregation node periodically adopts big vast model mode to propagate interest message, after receiving node receives interest message, interest message is unpacked, and directly or through after transforming imports the relevant information in the interest message in node interest list;
3b1). from interest message, extract task node number and task type, and whether inquiry there are identical task node number and task type in the interest list of node, if exist, then on this point of interest basis, upgrades; If do not exist, a then newly-built point of interest, and task node number and task type filled;
3b2). calculate transmission rate: when interest message arrives present node, present node record interest message bag time of advent, and from the interest message bag, extract transmitting time and 2 data fields of interest message capacity, utilize formula
Interest message capacity/(time of advent-transmitting time)
Obtain 2 internodal message transmission rates;
3b3). message transmission rate is converted into service priority: the service priority mapping table according to step 1) is set, calculate the pairing service priority of current data transmission rate, and fill it into the point of interest relevant position;
3b4). extract in the interest message task node number and task type, relatively whether the node number of present node and task node be number identical, if inequality, then continues execution in step 3b) carry out the interest message inundation; If identical, explain that this node is the sensing acquisition node, stop the interest message diffusion, change step 4) over to and carry out Route Selection;
Step 4). the Route Selection stage: from the source node to the aggregation node, set up route according to service priority;
4a). the definition route is set up packet, comprises following data field:
4a1). next-hop node number,
4a2). task node number,
4a3). task type,
4a4). service priority: the service priority requirement of this service, constant at whole route establishment stage,
4b). source node is inquired about in interest list, obtains service priority, task node number and the task type of this task;
4c). source node is according to task node number and task type selected all qualified points of interest in interest list; And the relatively service priority service priority requirement of task therewith of these points of interest; Select both identical points of interest; Extract corresponding next-hop node number, itself and task node number, task type and service priority are packed into route set up packet;
4d). source node sends route and sets up packet to next-hop node according to next-hop node number;
4e). next-hop node continues the select target node according to step 4), and circulation is set up the route from the source node to the aggregation node repeatedly;
Step 5). data transfer phase: the source node image data, the route data of setting up through step 4) arrive aggregation node.
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| CN103139862A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-06-05 | 江南大学 | Wireless sensor network multi-source data fusion method based on queries |
| CN103716783B (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2017-01-04 | 河海大学 | Wireless sensor network data query algorithm based on interest and address combination |
| CN105049356B (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2018-03-30 | 中国科学院上海微***与信息技术研究所 | Monitor the data multihop routing acquisition method based on QoS in network |
| WO2018007349A1 (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2018-01-11 | Koninklijke Kpn N.V. | Systems and methods for transmitting and receiving interest messages |
| CN106302254A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-01-04 | 山东大学苏州研究院 | A kind of internet of things data forwarding system based on SDN |
| CN107332776B (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2020-04-07 | 深圳市盛路物联通讯技术有限公司 | Method for updating routing information table of edge forwarding node and edge forwarding node |
| CN107370678B (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2020-04-14 | 深圳市盛路物联通讯技术有限公司 | Method and system for updating routing forwarding table applied to Internet of things |
| CN107547392A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2018-01-05 | 深圳市盛路物联通讯技术有限公司 | Data processing method in internet of things |
| CN107623631A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2018-01-23 | 深圳市盛路物联通讯技术有限公司 | The forward node and data processing equipment of Internet of Things |
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