CN101825549B - Fluid density sensor - Google Patents

Fluid density sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101825549B
CN101825549B CN2010101739563A CN201010173956A CN101825549B CN 101825549 B CN101825549 B CN 101825549B CN 2010101739563 A CN2010101739563 A CN 2010101739563A CN 201010173956 A CN201010173956 A CN 201010173956A CN 101825549 B CN101825549 B CN 101825549B
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type pipe
type
fluid
vibration
density
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CN101825549A (en
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余强
尤国平
庞希顺
孙洪义
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China Oilfield Services Ltd
China National Offshore Oil Corp CNOOC
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China Oilfield Services Ltd
China National Offshore Oil Corp CNOOC
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Abstract

The invention discloses a fluid density sensor, aiming at providing the fluid density sensor for measuring the fluid density in the environment of high temperature and high pressure. The fluid density sensor comprises a base, a first and a second U-shaped tubes, a supporting block, a shock excitation device and a density measuring circuit, wherein the first and the second U-shaped tubes are fixed on the base and respectively comprise two ports; the first and the second U-shaped tubes are respectively communicated with the base by one port, and other ports of the first and the second U-shaped tubes are respectively taken as an inlet and an outlet of the fluid; the supporting block is used for providing a vibrating point for the first and the second U-shaped tubes; the shock excitation device is installed between the first and the second U-shaped tubes and used for driving the first and the second U-shaped tubes to vibrate; and the density measuring circuit is connected with the shock excitation device and is used for obtaining the fluid density according to the resonant frequency measured by the shock excitation device when the first and the second U-shaped tubes reach a resonant state. Compared with the prior art, the fluid density sensor can be conveniently installed on cable logging instruments such as a formation tester and the like, and can be applied to formation testing operation.

Description

A kind of fluid density sensor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sensor, specifically, relate to a kind of fluid density sensor.
Background technology
In oil well logging formation testing operation and other petroleum and petrochemical industry operations, need under high temperature and high pressure environment, measure the density of institute's withdrawn fluid (oil, gas, water three-phase, and mud filtrate).
The vibration tube-type density sensor is a kind of density sensor commonly used, but up to this point, the vibration tube-type density sensor only is applied to still do not have the precedent that is applied to the High Temperature High Pressure working environment in the normal temperature and pressure environment of ground.
The basic functional principle of vibration tube-type density sensor is that object is excited and when vibrating, its vibration frequency or amplitude are relevant with the quality of object itself.If fill the fluid sample with certain volume in object, just then its vibration frequency or oscillation amplitude change reflect the quality of this fluid sample, and the quality of sample is directly proportional with its average density.Advantages such as the vibration tube-type density sensor is simple in structure with it, but the high density measurement scope of measuring accuracy is wide are used widely.But typical vibration tube-type density sensor mainly is subjected to the restriction of temperature, pressure, material, mode of operation etc., uses under high temperature and high pressure environment and is subjected to bigger restriction.
In view of this, be necessary to propose a kind of fluid density sensor, under high temperature and high pressure environment, to carry out the measurement of fluid density.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention, being to provide a kind of fluid density sensor, to carry out the measurement of fluid density under high temperature and high pressure environment.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of fluid density sensor, be used to measure the fluid density under the high temperature and high pressure environment, this density sensor comprises:
Pedestal;
The one U type pipe and the 2nd U type pipe are fixed on the described pedestal, respectively comprise two ports, and respectively by port UNICOM in described pedestal, another port separately is respectively as the outlet and the inlet of described fluid;
Back-up block is for a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type pipe provide the vibration fulcrum;
Exciting device is installed in the centre of a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type pipe, is used to drive a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type tube vibration;
The density measure circuit links to each other with described exciting device, and a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type pipe reach resonant condition, measures resonance frequency according to described exciting device, obtains the density of described fluid according to described resonance frequency.
Preferably, a described U type pipe and described the 2nd U type pipe are beam type U type pipe.A described U type pipe and described the 2nd U type pipe, amplitude equates when autovibration takes place, and direction of vibration is opposite, and its vibration frequency is not disturbed by extraneous vibration.
Preferably, a described U type pipe and described the 2nd U type pipe are for the small frequency temperature coefficient alloy material is made.
Preferably, a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type pipe are fixed on the described pedestal with the tapering sealing means by clamp nut.
Preferably, described exciting device is between the U type part and described back-up block of a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type pipe.
Preferably, described exciting device includes and is used to a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type pipe that the single coil excitement of vibration is provided, and is used to detect a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type tube vibration status detection coil;
Described density measure circuit links to each other with two exits of described single coil excitement and two exits of magnetic test coil;
When a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type pipe reached resonant condition, the electromotive force at described magnetic test coil two ends was sinusoidal wave, and described sinusoidal wave frequency equals described resonance frequency.
Preferably, described fluid comprises at least a or several combination in oil, rock gas, water and the mud filtrate.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can be easily installed on the wireline logging instruments such as formation tester, is applicable to the inferior High Temperature High Pressure rugged surroundings of oil well, have the measuring accuracy height, measurement range is wide, and is simple in structure, install, change advantages such as convenient, can be applicable in the formation testing operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the Facad structure synoptic diagram of U type tube vibration formula density sensor embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the side structure synoptic diagram of U type tube vibration formula density sensor embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of exciting device among the Figure 1 and Figure 2 sensor embodiment.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the present invention in detail below with reference to drawings and Examples, how the application technology means solve technical matters to the present invention whereby, and the implementation procedure of reaching technique effect can fully understand and implements according to this.
Fig. 1 is the Facad structure synoptic diagram of U type tube vibration formula density sensor embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the side structure synoptic diagram of U type tube vibration formula density sensor embodiment of the present invention.Please consult Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 simultaneously, density sensor embodiment of the present invention mainly comprises pedestal (not shown), a U type pipe 11, the 2nd U type pipe 12, clamp nut 25, back-up block 28, exciting device 30 and density measure circuit (not shown), wherein:
The one U type pipe 11 and the 2nd U type pipe 12, be two beam type U type pipes, be fixed on this pedestal, four ports of two U type pipes (C end) are fixed on the pedestal with the tapering sealing means by clamp nut 25, two U type pipes are respectively by port UNICOM mutually in pedestal, and two other port is respectively as the outlet and the inlet of fluid; Fluid wherein can be at least a or several combination in oil, rock gas, water and the mud filtrate;
Back-up block 28 for a U type pipe 11 and the 2nd U type pipe 12 provide the vibration fulcrum, makes two U type pipes not influenced by outside erection stress;
Exciting device 30 includes two field coils, is installed in the centre of a U type pipe 11 and the 2nd U type pipe 12, between the vibration fulcrum that two pipe U-shaped parts of U type and back-up block 28 provide, is used to drive a U type pipe 11 and 12 vibrations of the 2nd U type pipe;
The density measure circuit is by lead link to each other with totally four exits of two field coils in this exciting device 30 (each field coil respectively has two exits);
Two field coils in the exciting device 30, one of them provides the single coil excitement of vibration for being used to a U type pipe 11 and the 2nd U type pipe 12, another is the magnetic test coil that is used to detect a U type pipe 11 and the 2nd U type pipe 12 vibrational states, when a U type pipe 11 and the 2nd U type pipe 12 reach resonant condition, the electromotive force at these magnetic test coil two ends is sinusoidal wave state, and should the sine wave frequency equate, by measuring the density that this sine wave freuqency can calculate U type tube fluid with resonance frequency.
Under the driving of this exciting device 30, a U type pipe 11 and the 2nd U type pipe 12 are disturbed Qu Zhendong in the opposite direction, when this vibration reaches the resonance attitude, by density measure circuit measuring resonance frequency, can obtain the density of U type tube fluid.
The one U type pipe 11 equates that with the 2nd U type pipe 12 amplitude when autovibration takes place direction of vibration is opposite, and its vibration frequency is not disturbed by extraneous vibration.
Density sensor of the present invention, employing is from the excited resonant measuring method, as oscillator, rely on feedback control loop to keep the resonance attitude of vibrating tube vibrating tube (i.e. a U type pipe 11 and the 2nd U type pipe 12), the resonance frequency of measuring vibrations pipe obtains density of medium in the vibrating tube.
If ignore the crooked influence in single U type vibrating tube top, U type pipe can be approximately straight tube.According to theory of elastic mechanics,, there is the described relation of formula (1) at the natural period of oscillation and the mass of system of straight tube during in vibration when the shape of straight tube and material fixedly the time:
T n = 2 π M t + ρ f V f K - - - ( 1 )
Wherein:
T nIt is the n rank natural period of object vibration;
K is an instrument constant, and is relevant with the shape and the material of vibrating tube;
M tIt is the quality of vibrating tube;
ρ fBe the density of tube fluid;
V fBe the volume of tube fluid, ρ fV fIt promptly is the tube fluid quality.
Can get by formula (1) arrangement:
ρ i = 1 V f ( K 4 π 2 T n 2 - M t ) - - - ( 2 )
Wherein:
ρ iDensity for the vibrating tube inner fluid of flowing through.
In the vibration mechanics theory, the free vibration attenuation cycle of object vibration and natural period of oscillation approximately equal, therefore formula (2) can be understood like this, under vibrating tube shape and material one stable condition, the density p i of the vibrating tube of flowing through inner fluid only becomes quadratic function relation with the vibrating tube free vibration attenuation cycle.In the actual application, generally adopt formula (3) to calculate vibrating tube inner fluid density:
ρ i＝K 2T 2+K 1T+K 0 (3)
Wherein:
K 0, K 1And K 2, be calibration factor;
T is harmonic period.
In density sensor of the present invention, the vibration of U type pipe relies on exciting device to realize, exciting device be a kind of typical be the device of mechanical force with electrical signal conversion.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of exciting device 30 among the Figure 1 and Figure 2 sensor embodiment.As shown in Figure 3, exciting device 30 comprises first solenoid 31 and second solenoid 32 of reverse installation, the first permanent magnet magnetic core 35 with 31 couplings of first solenoid, the second permanent magnet magnetic core 36 with 32 couplings of second solenoid, drive the driving circuit 39 of first solenoid 31 and second solenoid 32, and aforesaid single coil excitement UL1 and magnetic test coil UL2.
The amplitude that it should be noted that the mechanical vibration of U type pipe can not surpass U type pipe safety allowed band, otherwise U type pipe is fragile.Therefore, the enlargement factor of amplifier and driving force should be used and restriction to some extent according to reality.
Certainly, the number of turn of first solenoid 31 and second solenoid 32, the diameter of the used enameled wire of coil and temperature performance, permanent magnet magnetic core material and parameter, and the physical dimension between them all is vital for the normal starting of oscillation of U type pipe.Driving circuit 39 uses for being fit to high temperature and high pressure environment, and selected device is high-temperature device, can work among 175 ℃ of environment.
Density sensor of the present invention, owing to need to adapt to the severe rugged environment of high temperature high pressure such as down-hole, therefore its ingredient should adapt to special application conditions such as down-hole, and wherein a U type pipe 11 and the 2nd U type pipe 12 select for use the small frequency temperature coefficient alloy material to make.This alloy material has less temperature elasticity coefficient, higher Qm, good velocity of wave consistance, higher intensity and elastic modulus, less retarded elasticity and hysteretic properties, premium properties such as linear expansion coefficient is low, and processing characteristics is better and corrosion-resistant.
Below with regard to the temperature elasticity coefficient of U type pipe (ThermoElastic Coefficient TEC), withstand voltage and corrosion resistance does further explanation, is an example with the down-hole application environment of harshness:
(1) under the violent condition of temperature variation, the elasticity of U type pipe keeps constant substantially.Because the well temperature changes between to 177 ℃ subzero, and the elastic modulus of the resonance frequency of density sensor of the present invention and U type pipe is 1/2 proportional, and it is zero that the TEC value of U type pipe is approximately, and guaranteed the accuracy of measurement and the precision of density sensor of the present invention.
(2) down-hole liquid pressure is generally all very high, and under extreme case, down-hole pressure may be up to 140Mpa, and the U type tube material in the density sensor of the present invention has favorable mechanical mechanical property and dimensions, has guaranteed the serviceability under hyperbaric environment.
(3) drilling fluid of down-hole, resident fluid etc. all are the very strong liquid of corrosivity, and density sensor of the present invention promptly is that these fluids are measured, and the U type tube material in the density sensor of the present invention has guaranteed the resistance to corrosion of density sensor of the present invention.
A kind of vibration tube-type sensor that can in high temperature and high pressure environment, measure resident fluid density that the present invention proposes, can be easily installed on the wireline logging instrument such as formation tester, by driving and metering circuit is finished under the oil well high-acruracy survey of fluid density in the High Temperature High Pressure rugged surroundings.
Fluid density sensor commonly used in the present high temperature and high pressure environment, mainly contain two kinds of gradiomanometer tool and radioactive density meters, the former measuring accuracy is subjected to the influence of fluid velocity etc., latter's measuring accuracy mainly is subjected to the influence of statistical fluctuation error, and in construction, to operate radioactive source, human body and environment are easily damaged.
Vibration tube-type density sensor of the present invention is compared with existing fluid density sensor, and measuring accuracy is higher, and measurement range is wider, and structure is also simpler, and installation, replacing etc. are convenient.The vibrating tube material that filters out from a large amount of alloy materials has that little temperature elasticity coefficient, high Qm, good velocity of wave consistance, higher intensity and elastic modulus, less retarded elasticity and hysteresis, linear expansion coefficient are low, a good processability, corrosion resistance etc. preferably.Be applicable to the high temperature drive system under the high temperature and high pressure environment, convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and drive double u-tube, and when the fluid of certain density range is flowed through vibrating tube inside, still keep the vibration of pipe with resonance frequency generation vibration.In addition, driving circuit produces self-sustained oscillation and constitutes degenerative driving and metering circuit with the vibrating tube drive system, makes drive system can maintain resonant condition, by measuring harmonic period Fluid Computation density.
Though the disclosed embodiment of the present invention as above, the embodiment that described content just adopts for the ease of understanding the present invention is not in order to limit the present invention.Technician in any the technical field of the invention; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the disclosed spirit and scope of the present invention; can do any modification and variation what implement in form and on the details; but scope of patent protection of the present invention still must be as the criterion with the scope that appending claims was defined.

Claims (4)

1. a fluid density sensor is used to measure the fluid density under the high temperature and high pressure environment, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Pedestal;
The one U type pipe and the 2nd U type pipe are fixed on the described pedestal, respectively comprise two ports, and respectively by port UNICOM in described pedestal, another port separately is respectively as the outlet and the inlet of described fluid;
Back-up block is for a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type pipe provide the vibration fulcrum;
Exciting device is installed in the centre of a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type pipe, is used to drive a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type tube vibration;
The density measure circuit links to each other with described exciting device, and a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type pipe reach resonant condition, measures resonance frequency according to described exciting device, obtains the density of described fluid according to described resonance frequency;
Wherein,
A described U type pipe and described the 2nd U type pipe are for the small frequency temperature coefficient alloy material is made;
Described exciting device is between the U type part and described back-up block of a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type pipe;
Described exciting device includes and is used to a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type pipe that the single coil excitement of vibration is provided, and is used to detect a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type tube vibration status detection coil;
Described density measure circuit links to each other with two exits of described single coil excitement and two exits of magnetic test coil;
When a described U type pipe and the 2nd U type pipe reached resonant condition, the electromotive force at described magnetic test coil two ends was sinusoidal wave, and described sinusoidal wave frequency equals described resonance frequency.
2. sensor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
A described U type pipe and described the 2nd U type pipe are beam type U type pipe, and the two amplitude when autovibration takes place equates that direction of vibration is opposite.
3. sensor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
A described U type pipe and the 2nd U type pipe are fixed on the described pedestal with the tapering sealing means by clamp nut.
4. sensor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described fluid comprises at least a or several combination in oil, rock gas, water and the mud filtrate.
CN2010101739563A 2010-05-10 2010-05-10 Fluid density sensor Active CN101825549B (en)

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CA2862572C (en) * 2012-03-21 2020-05-12 Eaton Corporation Digital densitometer and fluid gauging system
CN110411560B (en) * 2013-04-03 2021-09-07 高准公司 Vibration sensor and method
CN103424336A (en) * 2013-07-23 2013-12-04 北京奥普科星技术有限公司 Double U-shaped vibrating pipe type fluid density sensor
CN104949897A (en) * 2015-06-25 2015-09-30 青岛澳邦量器有限责任公司 Handheld digital densimeter
CN110118703A (en) * 2019-06-03 2019-08-13 浙江零壹智能电器研究院有限公司 A kind of Gas Density Sensor

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CN2646696Y (en) * 2003-10-17 2004-10-06 郑吉鹏 A liquid density measuring apparatus
JP2006001752A (en) * 2004-06-15 2006-01-05 Tdk Corp Method for production of ferrite magnetic material

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Address after: 100010 Chaoyangmen North Street, Dongcheng District, Dongcheng District, Beijing

Co-patentee after: China Oilfield Services Limited

Patentee after: China Offshore Oil Group Co., Ltd.

Address before: 100010 Chaoyangmen North Street, Dongcheng District, Dongcheng District, Beijing

Co-patentee before: China Oilfield Services Limited

Patentee before: China National Offshore Oil Corporation