CN101816227A

CN101816227A - Method for covering orangery soil with straws

Info

Publication number: CN101816227A
Application number: CN201010130907A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈防; 万开元; 陶勇; 刘毅; 张过师; 陈树森
Original assignee: Wuhan Botanical Garden of CAS
Current assignee: Wuhan Botanical Garden of CAS
Priority date: 2010-03-19
Filing date: 2010-03-19
Publication date: 2010-09-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for covering orangery soils with straws. The method comprises the following concrete steps of: A. ditching and fertilizing the soil in March to April of every spring and covering the soil with straws within 1-3 days; B. covering each orange tree with 2-3 kg of dry straws according to the size of the orange tree body no matter what the planting density is; and C. carrying out straws covering in the region along a tree trunk to water drips of a tree crown in the thickness of 9-10 cm and placing soil-pressing blocks at the edges so as to prevent the straws from being blown away. The invention has simple and convenient method, convenient operation and low cost, effectively increases the water content, the organic matter and the mineral nutrient content of the orangery soil, reduces the fluctuation of the temperature and the humidity of the soil as well as the water and soil loss and the nutrient eluviation of dry sloping fields caused by rainwater, effectively controls the weed growth in the orangery, decreases the usage of herbicides and can promote the high yield and the superior quality of oranges and the sustainable development of the orange industry.

Description

The method that orangery soil with straws covers

Technical field

The invention belongs to fruit tree high-efficiency environment friendly culture technique field, more specifically relate to the method that a kind of orangery soil with straws covers, be applicable to the arid hillside field oranges and tangerines garden in southern area of China oranges and tangerines garden, particularly knob and mountain area.

Background technology

Oranges and tangerines are southern area of China, the main fruit tree in area, the Yangtze river basin particularly, and the quality of oranges and tangerines production has material impact to southern fruit production and local economic development.Because the multiple hills arid hillside field that is implanted in of oranges and tangerines, for a long time, the orchard surface soil is subjected to rain erosion easily makes soil fertility constantly descend, and then influences fruit tree growth.In addition, the straw in southern many areas does not utilize well, has often fallen with regard to a baked wheaten cake in the field, has so both lost nutrient, has polluted environment again.Inquire about by the Chinese patent database searching system, Xiao Runlin etc. (2008) control at weed in tea garden, Yang Xiulan etc. (2007) cultivate at the potato no-tillage high-yield, Gui Xiangfa (2004) studied the facilitation of straw covering to crop production at aspects such as water water spinach sprout cultivating techniques, for this research provides good reference.But do not find the research report and the patent application of oranges and tangerines garden, hills area straw coverage effect at present as yet, therefore, we have carried out correlative study in this regard and will propose this technological invention after the result of study arrangement.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to be to provide a kind of method of orangery soil with straws covering, method is easy, easy to operate, cost is low, can effectively increase moisture, organic matter and the mineral nutrient content of oranges and tangerines garden mould earth, reduce the fluctuation of soil temperature and humidity, reduce water and soil loss and nutrient leaching that arid hillside field causes because of rainwater, and effectively control oranges and tangerines garden weed growth, reduced the use of weed killer herbicide, can promote the high yield and the high-quality of oranges and tangerines, and the sustainable development of oranges and tangerines industry.

The method that a kind of orangery soil with straws covers the steps include:

Implementing straw in 1-3 days after A, the trench digging fertilising in annual spring (3-4 month) covers.

B, regardless of planting density, look the size of mandarin tree body, every strain mandarin tree covers dry rice straw 2-3 kilogram.

The position that C, straw cover is the zone in along trunk to the tree crown drip, and thickness 9-10 centimetre, a small amount of soil block can be pressed in case be blown to four winds in the edge.

The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and effect:

1, method is easy, and is easy to operate.

2, cost is low, is that material covers and can effectively utilize the agricultural organic waste resource with the straw, than other materials such as plastic mulching material benefit more economically, is free from side effects.

3, can effectively increase moisture, organic matter and the mineral nutrient content of oranges and tangerines garden mould earth, reduce the fluctuation (increase soil temperature winter, reduce soil temperature summer) of soil temperature and humidity, reduce water and soil loss and nutrient leaching that arid hillside field causes because of rainwater

4, can effectively control oranges and tangerines garden weed growth, reduce the use of weed killer herbicide, the natural enemy insect in protection orchard (reduce medication and the habitat is provided).

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

The method that a kind of orangery soil with straws covers the steps include:

A, 2009 spring (3-4 month), (implementing straw in 2 days after 20 * 30cm) fertilisings covered along the drip trench digging in oranges and tangerines garden, little Poria cocos village, Xi Jiadian town, Danjiangkou, Hubei Province.

B, the size of looking the mandarin tree body, every strain mandarin tree cover dry rice straw 2 or 2.4 or 2.8 or 3 kilograms.

The position that C, straw cover is the zone in along trunk to the tree crown drip, about 10 centimetres of thickness, and a small amount of soil block is pressed in case be blown to four winds in the edge.

The result shows, handles comparison according to (peasant habit way, no straw covers) processing soil surface run-off decreased average 0.08L/m by the orangery soil with straws covering that this method is implemented ²(12.3%); The water content of area of coverage soil is higher than control treatment 3-7 percentage point, the high 14.4%-56.8% of relative water content, and soil temperature (0-20cm) is at low 3-5 ℃ of summer, high 2-3 ℃ of winter, soil pH value no significant difference.The position that straw covers does not have weed growth substantially, therefore need not artificial weeding or uses weed killer herbicide.

The observed result of total nutrient loss coefficient shows (seeing the following form) in May, 2009 to July five rainfalls, higher with nitrogen phosphorus nutrient loss coefficient under the plastic mulching condition, secondly be control treatment, it is lower to cover processing nutrient loss coefficient with straw, total phosphorus loss coefficient significant difference (P＜0.05) between wherein plastic mulching and straw cover and handle.Illustrate that it is the effective measures that reduce sloping arable land nutrient loss that straw covers, to improving all its person's important function of fertilizer utilization efficiency, minimizing pollution of area source risk and body eutrophication.

Five rainfall total nutrient loss coefficients

Claims

1. the method that orangery soil with straws covers the steps include:

Implementing straw in 1-3 days after A, the annual fertilising of ditching in 3-4 month in spring covers;

B, regardless of planting density, look the size of mandarin tree body, every strain mandarin tree covers dry rice straw 2-3 kilogram;

The position that C, straw cover is the zone in along trunk to the tree crown drip, and thickness 9-10 centimetre, edge firming piece is anti-to be blown to four winds.